人教版八年级上册英语Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes单元提升测试题（含答案）

第第页人教版八年级上册英语Unit7WhenTomorrowComes单元提升测试题一、第一部分，听力，听句子，选择最佳答语（每小题1分，共5分）听句子，选择最佳答语1．A．Itwillcompletelychangehowwecommuteby2040.B．Theyaremoreexpensivethantraditionalcars.C．Isawoneatthesciencemuseumlastweek.D．It'spoweredbysolarenergyandelectricity.2．A．ByusingAItopredictnaturaldisastersearlier.B．IndevelopedcountriesacrossEuropeandAsia.C．Forreducingpollutioninurbanareas.D．Withadvancedsensorsandmonitoringsystems.3．A．Yes,it'sexpectedtoeliminate80%ofplasticwasteby2030.B．No,Idon'tthinkrobotswillreplacehumanworkers.C．Yes,theyaredevelopingnewmaterialsinthelab.D．No,itisn'tdifficulttorecycleelectronicproducts.4．A．Itinvolvesconnectingallhomedevicestoacentralsystem.B．Itsoundsconvenientbutraisesprivacyconcerns.C．Sheworksinacompanythatdesignssmarthomes.D．Thefirstsmarthomewasbuiltinthe1990s.5．A．Becauseitcanhelpfarmersgrowmorefoodwithlesswater.B．Iattendedalectureonagriculturaltechnologyyesterday.C．It'ssimilartotraditionalfarmingbutusesmoremachinery.D．Theyaretestingnewirrigationmethodsinruralareas.二、第一部分，听力，听对话，选择最佳答案（每小题1分，共5分）听对话，选择最佳答案6．WhatdoesTomthinkstudentswilldoin10years?A．Theywillstopstudyingcompletely.B．Theywillhaveclassesathomeusingcomputers.C．Theywillonlystudyfromtextbooks.D．Theywillattendschoolfor12hoursaday.7．WhatisLucy'sfavoritetransportation?A．Cars,becausethey'refast.B．Bikes,becausethey'regoodfortheenvironment.C．Buses,becausethey'recheap.D．Planes,becausetheycangofar.8．Howdoesthenewmachinework?A．Itneedstobecontrolledbyhandallthetime.B．Itcancleanthefloorbyitselfafterpressingabutton.C．Itcancookmealsautomatically.D．Itrequiresaspecialapptooperate.9．Whatdoesthewomanhopeabouttrafficinthecitynextyear?A．Therewillbemoretrafficjams.B．Therewillbefewercarsontheroad.C．Therewillbefewertrafficjams.D．Allcarswillbereplacedbybikes.10．Whydoesthemanwanttobuythenewsmartphone?A．Itcantakegreatphotos.B．Itisverycheap.C．Ithasalongbatterylife.D．Itissmallandeasytocarry.三、第一部分，听力，听短文，完成表格（每小题2分，共10分）听短文，完成表格TechnologicalInnovationCurrentDevelopmentFutureImpactChallengeFloatingsolarfarmsOperatinginJapanandChina11．Highinitialinstallationcosts12．BeingtestedinhospitalsHelpdoctorsperformprecisesurgeries13．VerticalfarmsGrowingvegetablesinurbanbuildings14．RequirecomplexlightingsystemsAIweatherforecasting15．SavelivesbypredictingdisastersearlierNeedlargeamountsofdata四、第二部分，语言应用，完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）完形填空Therapiddevelopmentoftechnologyistransformingourlivesinwaysonceconsideredimpossible.Takesmartcitiesforexample—urbanareaswheretechnologyintegrateswithdailylifetoimproveefficiencyand16．.Inthesecities,sensorsmonitortrafficflow,17．congestionandreducingtraveltime.Wastemanagementsystemsusedatatooptimizecollectionroutes,18．bothcostsandenvironmentalimpact.Residentscancontrolhomeappliancesremotelyandaccesspublicservicesthroughsmartphoneapps,makingdailylifemore19．.However,thisdigitaltransformationfaceschallenges.Privacyconcernsariseasmorepersonaldatais20．andanalyzed.There'salsotheriskofcreatinga21．betweenthosewhohaveaccesstonewtechnologiesandthosewhodon't.Toaddresstheseissues,cityplannersareworkingwithtechnologyexpertstodevelop22．solutions.They'reimplementingstrictdataprotectionpoliciesandensuringpublicspacesremainaccessibletoeveryone.Educationalprogramsteachdigitalskillstoallresidents,23．thetechnologygap.Thegoalisn'ttoreplacehumaninteractionwithmachines,buttousetechnologyasa24．tocreatebetterlivingenvironments.Whenimplementedthoughtfully,smartcitytechnologycan25．communitiesandimprovequalityoflifeforall.26．smartcitiesrelyheavilyontechnology,theystillprioritizehumanneeds.Technology27．servesasasupportsystemratherthanareplacementforcommunityengagement.Citiesthatsucceedinthistransformationfocusonboththe28．oftechnologyandtheimportanceofsocialconnection.Theyprovethatprogressispossible29．sacrificingwhatmakescommunitiesunique.Thefutureofurbanlivingliesinthisbalance—usinginnovationtobuild30．citiesthathonorbothtraditionandprogress.16．A．convenience B．difficulty C．danger D．darkness17．A．increasing B．reducing C．creating D．finding18．A．increasing B．wasting C．balancing D．lowering19．A．convenient B．complicated C．expensive D．difficult20．A．collected B．lost C．forgotten D．ignored21．A．connection B．bridge C．gap D．friendship22．A．harmful B．sustainable C．dangerous D．wasteful23．A．widening B．narrowing C．creating D．finding24．A．tool B．problem C．obstacle D．waste25．A．divide B．separate C．unite D．break26．A．Although B．Because C．If D．When27．A．never B．hardly C．always D．sometimes28．A．advantages B．disadvantagesC．costs D．prices29．A．through B．across C．without D．against30．A．traditional B．modern C．ancient D．future五、第二部分，语言应用，阅读理解（每小题2分，共40分）阅读理解TheRiseofE-TextilesE-textiles—clothingembeddedwithelectroniccomponents—arerevolutionizingfashionandfunctionality.Thesehigh-techfabricscontaintinysensorsandcircuitsthatcanmonitorhealth,chargedevices,orevenchangecolor.Onepracticalapplicationisinhealthcare.Patientswearshirtswithbuilt-inheartratemonitorsthatsendreal-timedatatodoctors.Thisallowsforcontinuoushealthtrackingwithoutuncomfortablehospitalequipment.Athletesusesimilartechnologytoanalyzeperformanceandpreventinjuries.Everydayusesareexpandingtoo.Jacketswithsolarpanelscanchargesmartphonesonthego,whilegloveswithtouch-sensitivematerialallowuserstooperatedevicesincoldweatherwithoutremovingthem.Fashiondesignersarecreatingdressesthatchangecolorbasedontemperatureormusic,blendingtechnologywithart.Despitetheirpotential,e-textilesfacechallenges.Theelectroniccomponentsaddweightandcanbeexpensive.Washingthesegarmentsrequiresspecialcaretoprotectthetechnology.However,asmaterialsimprove,theseissuesarebeingaddressed.Thefutureofe-textileslookspromising.Researchersaredevelopingflexiblebatteriesandwashablecircuitsthatwillmakethistechnologymorepractical.Soon,ourclothesmightdomuchmorethanjustcoverandprotectus.31．Whataree-textiles?A．TraditionalclothingmadefromnaturalfibersB．ClothingwithembeddedelectroniccomponentsC．TextilesusedexclusivelyinhospitalsD．Expensivedesignerclothes32．Howaree-textilesusedinhealthcare?A．ToreplacedoctorsduringsurgeriesB．Tomonitorpatients'healthcontinuouslyC．TomakehospitalgownsmorefashionableD．Toincreasethecostofmedicalcare33．Whatisapracticaluseofe-textilesforeverydaylife?A．JacketsthatcanchargesmartphonesB．GlovesthatpreventallinjuriesC．ShoesthatcanwalkbythemselvesD．Hatsthatcontrolweatherpatterns34．Whatisachallengefacinge-textiles?A．TheyaretooflexibleforpracticaluseB．TheelectroniccomponentsaddweightC．TheyaretoosimpleindesignD．Theyworkonlyinhospitals35．Whatfuturedevelopmentismentionedfore-textiles?A．TheywillbecomelesstechnologicalB．FlexiblebatteriesandwashablecircuitsC．TheywillreplacealltraditionalclothingD．Theywillonlybeusedbyathletes阅读理解TechnologyinSpaceExplorationSpaceexplorationhasalwayspushedtheboundariesoftechnology.Recentadvancementsaremakingspacemoreaccessibleandexpandingourunderstandingoftheuniverse.Onesignificantdevelopmentisreusablerockets.Traditionally,rocketswereusedonceanddiscarded,makingspacetravelextremelyexpensive.CompanieslikeSpaceXhavedevelopedrocketsthatlandverticallyafterlaunch,allowingthemtobereused.Thisinnovationhasreducedthecostofspacemissionsbyapproximately70%.Anotherbreakthroughisthedevelopmentofspacehabitats.NASA'sOrionspacecraftandprivateprojectslikeSpaceX'sStarshiparedesignedtocarryhumanstoMarsandbeyond.Thesevehiclesincludelifesupportsystemsthatcanrecycleairandwater,essentialforlong-durationmissions.Roboticexplorerscontinuetoplayacrucialrole.RoverslikePerseverancecollectsoilsamplesonMars,searchingforsignsofancientlife.Theserobotscanwithstandextremetemperaturesandradiationthatwouldbedangerousforhumans.TechnologydevelopedforspaceoftenbenefitslifeonEarth.Satellitetechnologyimprovesweatherforecastingandcommunication.Materialsdesignedforspacesuitshavebeenadaptedforprotectiveclothingusedbyfirefighters.Evenmemoryfoam,nowcommoninmattresses,wasoriginallydevelopedforspacecraftseats.Astechnologyadvances,thepossibilityofregularspacetravelandevencolonizationbecomesmorerealistic.Thesedevelopmentsnotonlyexpandourknowledgeoftheuniversebutalsodriveinnovationthatimproveslifeonourhomeplanet.36．Howhavereusablerocketschangedspaceexploration?A．TheyhavemadespacetravelmoreexpensiveB．Theyhavereducedmissioncostsbyabout70%C．TheyhavemadespaceexplorationimpossibleD．TheyworkonlyonMars37．Whatisspecialaboutnewspacehabitats?A．TheycanrecycleairandwaterB．TheyaredesignedforsingleuseonlyC．TheyaresmallerthantraditionalspacecraftD．Theycannotcarryhumanpassengers38．WhatistheroleofroboticexplorerslikePerseverance?A．TheyreplacehumanastronautscompletelyB．TheycollectsoilsamplesandsearchforsignsoflifeC．TheymakespacetravelmoreexpensiveD．TheyworkonlyontheMoon39．HowdoesspacetechnologybenefitlifeonEarth?A．IthasnopracticalapplicationsforhumansB．ItimprovesweatherforecastingandcommunicationC．ItmakestraditionalclothingmoreexpensiveD．IthasincreasedpollutiononEarth40．Whatisafuturepossibilitymentionedforspaceexploration?A．SpacetravelwillbecomelesstechnologicalB．RegularspacetravelandcolonizationC．HumanswillstopexploringspacecompletelyD．Onlyrobotswillbedevelopedforspacemissions阅读理解TheDigitalDivide:AGrowingConcernThedigitaldividereferstothegapbetweenthosewhohaveaccesstotechnologyandtheinternet,andthosewhodon't.Thisgapcreatesinequalitiesineducation,employment,andaccesstoinformation.Indevelopedcountries,mostpeoplehavesmartphones,computers,andhigh-speedinternet.Thisallowsthemtoaccessonlineeducation,applyforjobs,andstayinformedaboutworldevents.Incontrast,manypeopleindevelopingnationslacktheseresources.Evenwithindevelopedcountries,low-incomecommunitiesoftenhavelimitedaccesstoreliableinternetandtechnology.Theconsequencesofthisdividearesignificant.Studentswithoutinternetaccessstruggletocompleteonlinehomeworkandmissoutoneducationalresources.Adultswithoutdigitalskillsfinditdifficulttosecuremodernjobsthatrequirecomputerliteracy.Communitieswithoutreliableinternetareisolatedfromimportantservicesandinformation,particularlyduringemergencies.Closingthedigitaldividerequirescoordinatedefforts.Governmentscaninvestinbroadbandinfrastructureinunderservedareas.Schoolscanprovidecomputersandinternetaccesstostudentswhoneedthem.Trainingprogramscanteachdigitalskillstopeopleofallages.Technologyhasthepotentialtoimprovelivesworldwide,butonlyifeveryonehasaccesstoit.Bridgingthedigitaldivideisessentialforcreatingamoreequalandconnectedworld.41．Whatisthedigitaldivide?A．ThedifferencebetweentraditionalandmoderntechnologyB．ThegapbetweenthosewithandwithoutaccesstotechnologyC．ThecostofpurchasingnewelectronicdevicesD．Thespeedofinternetconnectionsindifferentcountries42．Howdoesinternetaccessdifferbetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountries?A．Mostpeopleindevelopedcountrieshaveinternetaccess;manyindevelopingnationsdon'tB．InternetaccessisidenticalinallcountriesC．DevelopingcountrieshavefasterinternetthandevelopedonesD．Nooneindevelopingcountrieshasinternetaccess43．Whatisaconsequenceofthedigitaldivideforstudents?A．TheyhavetoomanyonlineresourcestochoosefromB．TheystruggletocompleteonlinehomeworkwithoutinternetC．TheyspendtoomuchtimeonsocialmediaD．Theyfindschooltooeasywithonlineresources44．Whatcangovernmentsdotoclosethedigitaldivide?A．IncreasethecostofinternetaccessB．InvestinbroadbandinfrastructureinunderservedareasC．LimitaccesstotechnologyinwealthycommunitiesD．Ignoretheneedsofruralpopulations45．Whyisbridgingthedigitaldivideimportant?A．TocreateamoreequalandconnectedworldB．TomaketechnologymoreexpensiveC．TolimitaccesstoinformationD．Toincreasethegapbetweencommunities阅读理解AIinAgriculture:FeedingtheFutureArtificialintelligenceistransformingfarmingpractices,helpingtoaddressthechallengeoffeedingagrowingglobalpopulationwithlimitedresources.AI-poweredsystemsanalyzesoilconditions,weatherpatterns,andcrophealthusingsensorsanddrones.Thisdatahelpsfarmersoptimizewaterusage,reducingwastewhileimprovingcropyields.Forexample,irrigationsystemscanbeprogrammedtodeliverexactlytherightamountofwatertoeachplantbasedonreal-timedata.Machinelearningalgorithmscanidentifypestsanddiseasesearly,oftenbeforehumanscandetectthem.Thisallowsfortargetedtreatment,reducingtheneedforharmfulpesticides.AIcanalsopredictcropyieldswithremarkableaccuracy,helpingfarmersplanforharvestsandmanagesupplychainsmoreefficiently.Verticalfarms—indoorfacilitiesthatgrowcropsinstackedlayers—useAItocontrollight,temperature,andnutrients.Thesefarmscanproducefoodyear-roundinurbanareas,reducingtransportationcostsandcarbonemissionsassociatedwithbringingfoodfromruraltourbanareas.Small-scalefarmers,particularlyindevelopingcountries,arealsobenefiting.Mobileappsprovideweatherforecastsandmarketprices,helpingfarmersmakeinformeddecisions.Someprogramsevenofferadviceoncroprotationandsoilmanagementbasedonlocalconditions.Whiletherearechallenges—includingthecostoftechnologyandtheneedfortraining—AIinagricultureholdsgreatpromise.Bymakingfarmingmoreefficientandsustainable,thistechnologycouldplayacrucialroleinensuringfoodsecurityforfuturegenerations.46．HowisAItransformingagriculture?A．BymakingfarminglessefficientB．ByhelpingfarmersproducemorefoodwithlimitedresourcesC．ByincreasingtheneedforharmfulpesticidesD．Bymakingcropyieldsmoreunpredictable47．HowdoAIsystemshelpwithwaterusage?A．TheyincreasewaterwastetoimprovecrophealthB．TheydeliverexactlytherightamountofwatertoplantsC．TheyeliminatetheneedforirrigationcompletelyD．Theymakewatermoreexpensiveforfarmers48．HowcanAIhelpwithpestcontrol?A．ByidentifyingpestsearlyfortargetedtreatmentB．ByreplacingallhumanfarmerswithrobotsC．ByincreasingtheuseofharmfulpesticidesD．Bymakingpestsgrowlargerandstronger49．WhatisabenefitofverticalfarmsusingAI?A．TheyrequiremoretransportationoffoodB．Theycanproducefoodyear-roundinurbanareasC．TheyincreasecarbonemissionsD．Theydependcompletelyonweatherconditions50．HowcanAIhelpsmall-scalefarmersindevelopingcountries?A．ByprovidingweatherforecastsandmarketpricesB．BymakingtheirfarmsmoreexpensivetooperateC．ByreducingtheamountoffoodtheycanproduceD．Byeliminatingtheneedforfarmingknowledge六、第二部分，语言应用，情景对话选择题（每小题1分，共5分）51．A:I'mworriedthatrobotswilltakeovermanyjobsinthefuture.B:____A．Alljobswilldefinitelybereplacedbyrobots.B．Whilesomejobsmaychange,newtypesofjobswillalsobecreated.C．There'snoneedtoworryaboutfutureemployment.D．Robotscan'tdoanyjobsthathumanscando.52．A:____B:Theyusesensorstomonitorwaterusageandadjustsprinklersautomatically.A．Howdosmartirrigationsystemswork?B．Whyistraditionalfarmingbetterthanmodernmethods?C．Wherearemostrobotsusedtoday?D．Whenwillallfarmersstopusingwater?53．A:Mylittlesisterislearningtocodeatschool.Doyouthinkthisisimportant?B:____A．No,codingisonlyforcomputerexperts.B．Absolutely.Basiccodingskillswillbevaluableinmanyfuturecareers.C．Codingistoodifficultforchildrentolearn.D．Schoolsshouldfocusonlyontraditionalsubjects.54．A:Whatdoyouthinkisthebiggestchallengeforfuturecities?B:____A．Makingsuretechnologybenefitseveryone,notjustafew.B．Buildingmoreroadsforcars.C．Makingallbuildingslookidentical.D．Eliminatingalltechnologyfrompublicspaces.55．A:Ireadthatlab-grownmeatcouldbecomecommoninsupermarketssoon.B:____A．Itwilltasteworsethantraditionalmeat.B．Itcouldreducetheenvironmentalimpactofraisinglivestock.C．Noonewillwanttoeatfoodgrowninlaboratories.D．Itwillmakemeatmoreexpensiveforeveryone.七、第三部分，词汇语法考察，词汇题（每小题1分，共15分）56．Thenewsmartcitywilluse（传感器）tomonitortrafficandairquality.57．（人工智能）isbeingusedtodevelopmoreefficientfarmingmethods.58．Scientistsareworkingon（可持续的）energysolutionstoreplacefossilfuels.59．The（差距）betweenurbanandruraltechnologyaccessneedstobeaddressed.60．（自动化的）irrigationsystemscansavesignificantamountsofwater.61．The（基础设施）ofthecityincludesroads,bridges,andpowersupplies62．（数据）collectionandanalysisareessentialforAIdevelopment.63．Weneedto（优化）ouruseofnaturalresourcestoprotecttheenvironment.64．Thenewappprovides（实时的）updatesonpublictransportationschedules.65．（宽带）internetaccessisbecomingessentialformoderneducation.66．Researchersaredeveloping（可回收的）materialstoreducewaste.67．The（创新）inrenewableenergytechnologyishappeningveryquickly.68．（无人机）arebeingusedtomonitorcrophealthinlargefarms.69．（隐私）concernshavebeenraisedaboutthenewsurveillancesystem.70．Thegovernmentplansto（投资）innewtechnologyforpublicschools.八、第三部分，词汇语法考察，语法段落填空（每小题1分，共10分）语法段落填空By2050,scientists71．（develop）manynewtechnologiesthat72．（change）ourdailylives.Forexample,AIassistants73．（become）muchmoreadvancedand74．（help）uswithcomplextasks.Renewableenergy75．（replace）mostfossilfuelsforelectricityproduction.This76．（reduce）airpollutionsignificantly.People77．（use）electricvehiclespoweredbysolarenergy.Scientists78．（also/find）solutionstowatershortages.Newdesalinationtechnologies79．（make）oceanwatersafetodrink.Whilethesechanges80．（bring）manybenefits,wemustensuretechnologyimproveslifeforeveryone.九、第四部分，书面表达（15分）81．书面表达请以"Technology:AHelporaHindrance?"为题，写一篇不少于80词的英语短文，讨论科技对生活的影响。内容包括：1.科技带来的至少两个好处；2.科技带来的至少两个问题；3.你对合理使用科技的建议。Technology:AHelporaHindrance?……

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．D3．A4．B5．A【解析】【听力原文】1.Howwilldriverlesscartechnologychangetransportation?2.Howdosmartcitiesmonitorenvironmentalconditions?3.Willnewrecyclingtechnologyreduceplasticwaste?4.Whatdoyouthinkaboutsmarthometechnology?5.Whyisagriculturaltechnologyimportant?【点评】考查情景反应，首先理解题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词句，最终确定正确答案。1．根据Howwilldriverlesscartechnologychangetransportation?可知询问无人驾驶汽车技术如何改变交通，结合选项可知A选项Itwillcompletelychangehowwecommuteby2040(到2040年它将彻底改变我们的通勤方式)，符合对技术影响的描述，故选A。2．根据Howdosmartcitiesmonitorenvironmentalconditions?可知询问智能城市如何监测环境状况，结合选项可知D选项Withadvancedsensorsandmonitoringsystems(通过先进的传感器和监测系统)说明了监测方式，故选D。3．根据Willnewrecyclingtechnologyreduceplasticwaste?可知询问新的回收技术是否会减少塑料垃圾，结合选项可知A选项Yes,it'sexpectedtoeliminate80%ofplasticwasteby2030(是的，预计到2030年将减少80%的塑料垃圾)，正面回应了问题，故选A。4．根据Whatdoyouthinkaboutsmarthometechnology?可知询问对智能家居技术的看法，结合选项可知B选项Itsoundsconvenientbutraisesprivacyconcerns(听起来很方便，但引发了隐私问题)，客观评价了其优缺点，故选B。5．根据Whyisagriculturaltechnologyimportant?可知询问农业技术为何重要，结合选项可知A选项Becauseitcanhelpfarmersgrowmorefoodwithlesswater(因为它能帮助农民用更少的水种出更多的粮食)，说明了重要性，故选A。【答案】6．B7．B8．B9．C10．A【解析】【听力原文】6.W:Tom,doyouthinkstudentswillhaveclassesathomein10years?M:Yes,Ido.They'llusecomputerstostudyonline.7.M:Lucy,what'syourfavoritekindoftransportation?W:Ilikebikesbest.They'regoodfortheenvironment.8.W:Howdoesthisnewmachinework?M:Itcancleanthefloorbyitself.Youjustneedtopressthisbutton.9.M:Willtherebemorecarsinourcitynextyear?W:Ithinkso.ButIhopetherewillbefewertrafficjams.10.W:Mybrotherboughtanewsmartphone.Itcantakegreatphotos.M:Really?Iwanttobuyonetoo.【点评】考查短对话理解，首先理解题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词句，最终确定正确答案。6．句意：汤姆认为学生10年后会做什么？根据They'llusecomputerstostudyonline.可知汤姆明确表示学生在10年后会用电脑在家上网课，故选B。7．句意：露西最喜欢的交通工具是什么？根据Ilikebikesbest.They'regoodfortheenvironment.可知露西最喜欢自行车，因为它对环境有益，故选B。8．句意：这台新机器是如何工作的？根据Itcancleanthefloorbyitself.Youjustneedtopressthisbutton.可知男士说明新机器按一下按钮就能自动清洁地板，故选B。9．句意：这位女士对明年城市的交通有什么希望？根据ButIhopetherewillbefewertrafficjams.可知女士希望明年交通堵塞会减少，故选C。10．句意：为什么这个男人想买新的智能手机？根据Itcantakegreatphotos.可知男士想买新智能手机是因为女士提到它拍照效果好，故选A。【答案】11．Providecleanenergytomillions；12．Robotsurgeons；13．Highmaintenancecosts；14．Reducetransportationneedsforfreshproduce；15．Predictingstormswith30%greateraccuracythantraditionalmethods【解析】【听力原文】Technologicalinnovationsareshapingourfutureinexcitingways.Let'slookatsomepromisingdevelopments.

Floatingsolarfarms,alreadyoperatinginJapanandChina,generateelectricitywithoutusinglandspace.Thoughtheirinitialinstallationcostsarehigh,theywillprovidecleanenergytomillionsinthefuture.

Robotsurgeonsarebeingtestedinhospitalsaroundtheworld.Theseprecisemachineshelpdoctorsperformcomplexsurgerieswithgreateraccuracy.However,theirhighmaintenancecostspresentasignificantchallenge.

Verticalfarms,whichgrowvegetablesinurbanbuildings,willreducetransportationneedsforfreshproduce.Themainchallengeistheirrequirementforcomplexlightingsystems.

AIweatherforecastingiscurrentlypredictingstormswith30%greateraccuracythantraditionalmethods.Thistechnologywillsavelivesbypredictingdisastersearlier,thoughitrequireslargeamountsofdatatofunctioneffectively.【分析】主要讲了技术创新正以令人振奋的方式塑造未来，文中具体介绍了漂浮太阳能农场、机器人外科医生、垂直农场和人工智能天气预报这四项极具前景的技术发展，同时也指出了每项技术当前面临的挑战。【点评】考查短文理解，首先理解题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词句，最终确定正确答案。11．根据Thoughtheirinitialinstallationcostsarehigh,theywillprovidecleanenergytomillionsinthefuture.可知尽管它们的初始安装成本很高，但它们将在未来为数百万人提供清洁能源，故填Providecleanenergytomillions。12．根据Robotsurgeonsarebeingtestedinhospitalsaroundtheworld.可知机器人外科医生正在世界各地的医院接受测试，故填Robotsurgeons。13．根据theirhighmaintenancecostspresentasignificantchallenge.可知它们的高维护成本带来了重大挑战，故填Highmaintenancecosts。14．根据Verticalfarms,whichgrowvegetablesinurbanbuildings,willreducetransportationneedsforfreshproduce.可知在城市建筑中种植蔬菜的垂直农场将减少对新鲜农产品的运输需求，故填Reducetransportationneedsforfreshproduce。15．根据AIweatherforecastingiscurrentlypredictingstormswith30%greateraccuracythantraditionalmethods.可知人工智能天气预报目前预测风暴的准确率比传统方法高30%，故填Predictingstormswith30%greateraccuracythantraditionalmethods。【答案】16．A；17．B；18．D；19．A；20．A；21．C；22．B；23．B；24．A；25．C；26．A；27．C；28．A；29．C；30．B【解析】【分析】本文围绕"科技发展对智慧城市的影响"展开，既阐述了智慧城市的优势，也分析了面临的挑战及解决思路，最终强调"平衡科技与人文"的核心观点。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。16．句意：以智慧城市为例——科技融入日常生活以提高效率和便利性的城市区域。根据语境可知智慧城市利用科技是为了让生活更高效且更方便。convenience表示"便利"，符合文意。difficulty意为"困难"，与提高效率的积极语境不符，所以B选项错误。danger表示"危险"，和智慧城市带来的积极影响不相关，所以C选项错误。darkness意为"黑暗"，与这里讨论的科技对生活的影响毫无关系，所以D选项错误。故选A。17．句意：在这些城市中，传感器监测交通流量，减少拥堵并缩短出行时间。传感器监测交通流量的目的是缓解拥堵情况，reduce表示"减少"，符合语境。increasing意为"增加"，与缓解拥堵的目标相悖，所以A选项错误。creating表示"创造"，不能表达缓解拥堵的意思，所以C选项错误。finding意为"找到"，与缓解拥堵的语义不匹配，所以D选项错误。故答案选B。18．句意：废物管理系统利用数据优化收集路线，降低成本和环境影响。优化收集路线会带来成本降低和环境影响减小的好处，lower表示"降低"，符合文意。increasing意为"增加"，与降低成本的目的相反，所以A选项错误。wasting表示"浪费"，不符合优化路线带来的积极效果，所以B选项错误。balancing意为"平衡"，这里强调的是降低成本，而非平衡成本，所以C选项错误。故选D。19．句意：居民可以远程控制家用电器，并通过智能手机应用程序访问公共服务，使日常生活更加便利。居民能远程控制家电和通过手机应用访问公共服务，这显然让生活更方便。convenient表示"方便的"，符合语境。complicated意为"复杂的"，与便利的语义相反，所以B选项错误。expensive表示"昂贵的"，和这里描述的生活便利性无关，所以C选项错误。difficult意为"困难的"，不符合让生活更便利的意思，所以D选项错误。故选A。20．句意：随着更多个人数据被收集和分析，隐私问题出现了。隐私问题是由于个人数据被收集和分析而产生的，collect表示"收集"，符合语境。lost意为"丢失"，与这里数据被收集分析的语境不符，所以B选项错误。forgotten表示"忘记"，和数据的收集分析无关，所以C选项错误。ignored意为"忽视"，不符合数据被处理的实际情况，所以D选项错误。故选A。21．句意：还存在在能接触到新技术的人和不能接触到新技术的人之间制造差距的风险。这里说的是能接触和不能接触新技术的人之间可能产生的差异，gap表示"差距"，符合文意。connection意为"联系"，与这里要表达的差距意思不符，所以A选项错误。bridge表示"桥梁"，通常用于连接，而不是表达差距，所以B选项错误。friendship意为"友谊"，和这里讨论的新技术接触问题不相关，所以D选项错误。故选C。22．句意：为了解决这些问题，城市规划者正在与技术专家合作开发可持续的解决方案。针对智慧城市面临的挑战，需要开发能持续解决问题的方案，sustainable表示"可持续的"，符合语境。harmful意为"有害的"，与解决问题的目标相悖，所以A选项错误。dangerous表示"危险的"，不能体现解决方案的性质，所以C选项错误。wasteful意为"浪费的"，不符合开发有效解决方案的语境，所以D选项错误。故选B。23．句意：教育项目向所有居民传授数字技能，缩小技术差距。传授数字技能的目的是缩小有技术和无技术人群之间的差距，narrow表示"缩小"，符合文意。widening意为"扩大"，与缩小差距的目标相反，所以A选项错误。creating表示"创造"，不能准确表达缩小差距的意思，所以C选项错误。finding意为"找到"，和缩小差距的语义不相关，所以D选项错误。故选B。24．句意：目标不是用机器取代人际互动，而是将技术作为创造更好生活环境的工具。这里把技术看作是创造更好生活环境的一种手段，tool表示"工具"，符合语境。problem意为"问题"，技术不是问题，而是工具，所以B选项错误。obstacle表示"障碍"，与技术作为积极手段的语境不符，所以C选项错误。waste意为"浪费"，和技术创造更好环境的语境不相关，所以D选项错误。故选A。25．句意：当经过深思熟虑地实施时，智慧城市技术可以团结社区并提高所有人的生活质量。智慧城市技术能起到让社区团结起来的作用，unite表示"团结"，符合文意。divide意为"分开"，与团结社区的意思相反，所以A选项错误。separate表示"分离"，不符合技术带来的积极影响，所以B选项错误。break意为"打破"，和团结社区的语义不匹配，所以D选项错误。故选C。26．句意：虽然智慧城市严重依赖技术，但它们仍然优先考虑人类需求。这里前后句存在转折关系，although表示"虽然"，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。because意为"因为"，表示因果关系，不符合这里前后句的逻辑，所以B选项错误。if表示"如果"，引导条件状语从句，与这里语境不符，所以C选项错误。when意为"当……时候"，引导时间状语从句，不符合这里的逻辑关系，所以D选项错误。故选A。27．句意：技术总是作为支持系统，而不是社区参与的替代品。根据语境可知技术一直是作为支持系统存在的，always表示"总是"，符合文意。never意为"从不"，与实际情况不符，所以A选项错误。hardly表示"几乎不"，不符合技术作为支持系统的语境，所以B选项错误。sometimes意为"有时"，不能准确体现技术作为支持系统的持续性，所以D选项错误。故选C。28．句意：成功实现这种转变的城市既关注技术的优势，也关注社会联系的重要性。城市关注技术带来的积极方面，advantages表示"优势"，符合语境。disadvantages意为"缺点"，与这里关注技术积极影响的语境不符，所以B选项错误。costs表示"成本"，这里强调的是技术的优势，而非成本，所以C选项错误。prices意为"价格"，和技术的优势不相关，所以D选项错误。故选A。29．句意：它们证明，在不牺牲使社区独特的特质的情况下，进步是可能的。这里表达的是在不影响社区独特性的情况下实现进步，without表示"没有"，符合语境。through意为"通过"，不符合这里表达的