2025-2026年北京市人教版初中三年级英语下册第9章同步练习题

2025-2026年北京市人教版初中三年级英语下册第9章同步练习题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothepassageinUnit9,whatisthemainreasonwhymanystudentschoosetostudysciencesubjects?A.Becausesciencesubjectsareeasierthanothersubjects.B.Becausesciencesubjectscanhelpthemunderstandtheworldbetter.C.Becausesciencesubjectsaremoreinterestingthanartsubjects.D.Becausesciencesubjectshavemorejobopportunitiesinthefuture.（解析：根据第9章第一课内容，文章明确指出科学学科能帮助学生更好地理解世界，选项B与文章主旨一致。选项A、C、D均未在文中提及，属于干扰项。）2.Intheunit9readingpassage,howdoestheauthordescribetheroleofscientistsinsolvingenvironmentalproblems?A.Scientistsareonlyresponsiblefordoingexperimentsinthelab.B.Scientistsworkalonetofindsolutionswithoutteamwork.C.Scientistscollaboratewithengineersandgovernmentstocreatechanges.D.Scientistsonlyfocusonstudyinganimalsandplants.（解析：文中第二课提到科学家需要与工程师、政府合作解决环境问题，选项C准确反映这一观点。选项A、B、D均与文中描述不符，如文中明确指出科学家需要团队合作。）3.Accordingtotheunit9grammarsection,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeafinishedactionwithpresentresults?A.IhavevisitedtheGreatWallthreetimeslastyear.B.Shehasfinishedherhomeworkfortwohours.C.Theyhavemovedtoanewcitysince2020.D.Hehasgonetoschooleverydayforamonth.（解析：文中第三课详细讲解现在完成时，正确用法是描述过去发生且对现在有影响的动作。选项C使用现在完成进行时，选项A、B、D的时态或结构均不符合语法规则。）4.Intheunit9writingtask,whatshouldstudentsincludeintheirlettertoascientisttoshowtheirinterestinscience?A.Onlytheirpersonalinformationlikenameandaddress.B.Onlytheirquestionsaboutscienceexperiments.C.Theirreasonsforchoosingscienceandfutureplans.D.Onlycomplimentsaboutthescientist'sachievements.（解析：文中第四课强调写信时应表达对科学的兴趣和未来规划，选项C符合写作要求。选项A、B、D均不全面，如缺少对科学的热情和目标。）5.Accordingtotheunit9vocabularylist,whichwordbestdescribesapersonwhoiscuriousaboutscience?A.LazyB.CreativeC.CuriousD.Patient（解析：文中第一课词汇部分明确将"curious"定义为对科学充满好奇心，选项C是正确答案。选项A、B、D均与"curious"的含义无关，如"lazy"意为懒惰。）6.Intheunit9speakingactivity,whatshouldstudentsdowhentheydisagreewiththeirpartner'sopinionaboutascientifictopic?A.Ignoretheirpartner'sopinionandkeepsilent.B.Argueloudlytoshowtheyareright.C.Listencarefullyandaskquestionstounderstandtheirpartner'sview.D.Immediatelychangetheirownopiniontoagree.（解析：文中第二课口语部分强调尊重不同观点，选项C符合科学讨论的礼仪。选项A、B、D均不符合沟通原则，如忽略对方意见或强行说服。）7.Accordingtotheunit9readingpassageaboutclimatechange,whatisthebiggestchallengeforscientists?A.Findingasimplesolutiontostopglobalwarming.B.Gettinggovernmentstoagreeonenvironmentalpolicies.C.Conductingmoreexperimentsinthelab.D.Teachingstudentsaboutscienceinschools.（解析：文中第三课提到科学家面临的主要挑战是政策实施困难，选项B准确反映这一内容。选项A、C、D均未在文中作为主要挑战提及。）8.Intheunit9grammarexercise,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoicetodescribeanactionperformedonsomeone?A.Thestudentsweregivenascienceprojectlastweek.B.Shehasbeenreadingabookforthreehours.C.Theywillgotothemuseumtomorrow.D.Heiseatinganapplenow.（解析：文中第四课讲解被动语态，选项A正确使用被动语态描述项目被分配给学生。选项B、C、D均未使用被动语态。）9.Accordingtotheunit9writingguide,whatisthebestwaytostartalettertoascientist?A."Hello,IamastudentfromClass1."B."DearMr.Lee,Iwanttoaskyouquestions."C."Towhomitmayconcern,Iamwritingtoyou."D."IamwritingthisletterbecauseIlovescience."（解析：文中第三课建议使用正式但友好的开头，选项B符合书信礼仪。选项A、C、D均不符合书信规范，如过于简单或过于正式。）10.Intheunit9vocabularysection,whichwordbestdescribesascientificinventionthathelpspeople'slives?A.DangerousB.ExpensiveC.UsefulD.Impossible（解析：文中第二课词汇部分将"useful"定义为对生活有帮助的，选项C是正确答案。选项A、B、D均与"useful"的含义相反或无关。）二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtotheunit9passage,scientistsuse_______tocollectdataabouttheenvironment.（参考答案：scientificinstruments）（解析：文中第一课提到科学家使用仪器收集环境数据，如望远镜、温度计等。）2.Intheunit9grammarlesson,thesentence"Shehaslivedhereforfiveyears"usesthe_______tense.（参考答案：presentperfect）（解析：文中第三课明确指出该句使用现在完成时，表示过去动作对现在的影响。）3.Towritealettertoascientistintheunit9writingtask,studentsshouldincludetheir_______andwhytheyareinterestedinscience.（参考答案：reasons）（解析：文中第四课强调应说明选择科学的动机，如好奇心或职业目标。）4.Accordingtotheunit9readingpassage,oneofthebiggestchallengesinsolvingclimatechangeis_______.（参考答案：governmentsupport）（解析：文中第三课提到政策支持不足是主要障碍，如国际协议难以达成。）5.Intheunit9speakingactivity,whenstudentsdiscusssciencetopics,theyshould_______eachother'sopinions.（参考答案：respect）（解析：文中第二课强调科学讨论应保持尊重，避免人身攻击。）6.Theunit9vocabularylistdefines"curiosity"asastrongdesireto_______andlearnnewthings.（参考答案：know）（解析：文中第一课将好奇心定义为渴望了解世界的心理。）7.Intheunit9grammarexercise,thesentence"Theexperimentwascompletedbythestudents"usesthe_______voice.（参考答案：passive）（解析：文中第四课讲解被动语态，该句符合被动语态结构。）8.Tostartalettertoascientistintheunit9writingguide,studentsshouldusea_______greetinglike"DearDr.Wang,".（参考答案：formal）（解析：文中第三课建议使用正式称谓，如"DearMr./Ms."。）9.Accordingtotheunit9passageaboutscientificinventions,agoodinventionshouldbe_______andimprovepeople'slives.（参考答案：practical）（解析：文中第二课提到实用性和生活价值是衡量发明的标准。）10.Intheunit9speakingactivity,ifstudentsdon'tunderstandtheirpartner'spointofview,theyshould_______toaskforclarification.（参考答案：askquestions）（解析：文中第二课建议通过提问促进理解，如"Canyouexplainmore?"。）三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtotheunit9passage,allscientistsworkinlargelaboratorieswithmanyadvancedequipment.（参考答案：False）（解析：文中第一课提到科学家的工作环境多样，有些在野外或小型实验室工作。）2.Thepresentperfecttensecanonlybeusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepast.（参考答案：False）（解析：文中第三课指出现在完成时也可描述从过去持续到现在的动作。）3.Intheunit9writingtask,studentsshouldwritealongessaytoexplainwhytheylovescience.（参考答案：False）（解析：文中第四课建议信件篇幅适中，重点表达兴趣而非长篇论述。）4.Accordingtotheunit9readingpassage,scientistsaretheonlypeoplewhocansolveenvironmentalproblems.（参考答案：False）（解析：文中第三课强调需要政府、工程师等多方合作。）5.Theunit9vocabularylistdefines"creative"assomeonewhoisgoodatsolvingproblemsinnewways.（参考答案：True）（解析：文中第一课将创造力定义为用创新方法解决问题的能力。）6.Intheunit9grammarexercise,thesentence"Theywillfinishtheprojecttomorrow"isinthepassivevoice.（参考答案：False）（解析：该句使用一般将来时，主语是动作执行者，非被动语态。）7.Tostartalettertoascientistintheunit9writingguide,studentsshoulduse"Hi,Iam..."astheopening.（参考答案：False）（解析：文中第三课建议使用正式称谓，如"DearMr.Smith,"而非非正式开头。）8.Accordingtotheunit9passageaboutscientificinventions,allinventionsareexpensivetodevelop.（参考答案：False）（解析：文中第二课提到有些发明成本不高，如智能手机的改进。）9.Intheunit9speakingactivity,ifstudentsdisagree,theyshouldargueloudlytoprovetheyareright.（参考答案：False）（解析：文中第二课强调应尊重不同意见，避免争吵。）10.Theunit9readingpassagestatesthatclimatechangeisasimpleproblemtosolve.（参考答案：False）（解析：文中第三课指出气候变化是复杂问题，需要长期努力。）四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtotheunit9passage,whatarethreequalitiesthatgoodscientistsshouldhave?（参考答案：Curiosity,patience,andteamwork.）（解析：文中第一课提到科学家应具备好奇心、耐心和合作精神，如对未知保持探索欲，能长期坚持研究，并善于与他人合作。）2.Intheunit9grammarlesson,explainthedifferencebetween"havebeendoing"and"havedone."（参考答案："Havebeendoing"emphasizesacontinuousactionfrompasttopresent,while"havedone"focusesonafinishedactionwithpresentresults.）（解析：文中第三课对比两种时态，前者如"havebeenstudying"表示持续学习，后者如"havefinished"表示完成某事。）3.Towritealettertoascientistintheunit9writingtask,whatshouldstudentsincludeinthebodyparagraphs?（参考答案：Theirfavoritesciencetopic,questionsforthescientist,andfutureplansrelatedtoscience.）（解析：文中第四课建议正文应包含个人兴趣、具体问题和对科学的规划，如"Whichexperimentfascinatesyou?"）4.Accordingtotheunit9readingpassage,whataretwowaysscientistshelpsolveenvironmentalproblems?（参考答案：Conductingresearchanddevelopingnewtechnologies.）（解析：文中第三课提到科学家通过研究污染和创造环保技术（如太阳能）来解决问题。）5.Intheunit9speakingactivity,howshouldstudentshandleadisagreementaboutsciencetopics?（参考答案：Listentotheotherperson,askforclarification,andexplaintheirownviewpolitely.）（解析：文中第二课建议先理解对方观点，如"Canyoutellmemoreaboutyouridea?"，再礼貌表达不同意见。）6.Theunit9vocabularylistdefines"useful"assomethingthatishelpful.Giveoneexamplefromscience.（参考答案：Avaccineisusefulbecauseitpreventsdiseases.）（解析：文中第二课将"useful"定义为对生活有帮助，如疫苗能保护健康。）7.Intheunit9grammarexercise,whatisthestructureofthepassivevoice?（参考答案：Subject+be+pastparticiple,e.g.,"ThebookwaswrittenbyEinstein."）（解析：文中第四课讲解被动语态结构，如"experimentsareconducted"或"theproblemwassolved"。）8.Accordingtotheunit9writingguide,whyisitimportanttostartaletterformally?（参考答案：Formalgreetingsshowrespecttotherecipientandmakethelettermoreprofessional.）（解析：文中第三课强调正式开头能体现礼貌，如"DearProfessorLee,"比"Hi,Iam..."更合适。）五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.ImagineyouarewritingalettertoafamousenvironmentalscientistlikeJaneGoodall.Writethefirsttwoparagraphsoftheletter,includingyourname,whyyoulovescience,andonequestionforher.（参考答案：DearDr.Goodall,MynameisLiHua,astudentfromBeijingNo.3HighSchool.Ilovesciencebecauseithelpsmeunderstandhowtheworldworks.Iamespeciallyinterestedinbiologyandconservation.Ireadyourbookaboutchimpanzeesandwasinspiredbyyourwork.Whatdoyouthinkisthebiggestchallengeforyoungpeopletodayinprotectingnature?解析：第一段包含姓名和兴趣，第二段提出具体问题，符合书信格式和内容要求。）2.Accordingtotheunit9passage,scientistsusemanytoolstostudytheenvironment.Describethreetoolsandhowtheyhelpscientists.（参考答案：3.Satellites:Theytakepicturesfromspacetomonitorclimatechange,likemeltingglaciers.4.Thermometers:Theymeasuretemperaturechangesinoceansandforests.5.Microscopes:Theyhelpscientistsseetinyorganismsinwatersamples.解析：文中提到卫星、温度计和显微镜，并解释其作用，如卫星监测冰川变化。）6.Intheunit9grammarlesson,rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:"Thestudentscompletedtheexperimentlastweek."（参考答案：Theexperimentwascompletedbythestudentslastweek.）（解析：文中第四课讲解被动语态转换，将主动语态改为"主语+be+过去分词+by+施动者"。）7.Accordingtotheunit9readingpassage,scientistsworkinteamstosolveproblems.Giveoneexampleofateamprojectfromthepassage.（参考答案：Thepassagementionsateamofengineersandscientistsdevelopingwindturbinestoreducepollution.）（解析：文中第三课提到科学家与工程师合作开发环保技术，如风力发电机。）8.Writeashortparagraph(4-5sentences)usingatleastthreevocabularywordsfromtheunit9list(e.g.,curiosity,useful,creative).（参考答案：Mycuriosityaboutspaceledmetoreadsciencebooks.Ifoundausefulwebsitethatexplainsblackholes.Acreativeteachershowedushowtobuildrocketsfromrecycledmaterials.Scienceisfullofinterestingdiscoveries!解析：使用文中词汇，如"curiosity"、"useful"、"creative"，符合写作要求。）9.Imagineyouareinascienceclassdiscussingclimatechange.Yourpartnersays,"Weshouldallusemoreelectriccarstohelptheenvironment."Howwouldyourespond?（参考答案："Iagreethatelectriccarsareuseful,butwealsoneedtoreducepollutionfromfactories.Whataboutplantingtreestoabsorbcarbondioxide?"解析：文中第二课强调科学讨论应尊重并补充观点，如提出替代方案。）六、标准答案及解析一、单项选择题1.B2.C3.D4.C5.C6.C7.B8.A9.B10.C二、填空题1.scientificinstruments2.presentperfect3.reasons4.governmentsupport2.respect6.know7.passive8.formal9.practical10.askquestions三、判断题1.F2.F3.F4.F5.T6.F7.F8.F9.F10.F四、简答题1.Curiosity,patience,andteamwork.解析：文中第一课提到科学家应保持好奇心（curiosity）、耐心（patience）并善于合作（teamwork），如对未知保持探索欲，能长期坚持研究，并善于与他人合作。2."Havebeendoing"emphasizesacontinuousactionfrompasttopresent,while"havedone"focusesonafinishedactionwithpresentresults.解析：文中第三课对比两种时态，前者如"havebeenstudying"表示持续学习，后者如"havefinished"表示完成某事。3.Theirfavoritesciencetopic,questionsforthescientist,andfutureplansrelatedtoscience.解析：文中第四课建议正文应包含个人兴趣、具体问题和对科学的规划，如"Whichexperimentfascinatesyou?"4.Conductingresearchanddevelopingnewtechnologies.解析：文中第三课提到科学家通过研究污染和创造环保技术（如太阳能）来解决问题。5.Listentotheotherperson,askforclarification,andexplaintheirownviewpolitely.解析：文中第二课建议先理解对方观点，如"Canyoutellmemoreaboutyouridea?"，再礼貌表达不同意见。6.Avaccineisusefulbecauseitpreventsdiseases.解析：文中第二课将"useful"定义为对生活有帮助，如疫苗能保护健康。7.Subject+be+pastparticiple,e.g.,"ThebookwaswrittenbyEinstein."解析：文中第四课讲解被动语态结构，