创新英语基础教程 进阶版-Unit5

Unit5EcologicalEnvironment创新实用英语基础教程INNOVATIONCOLLEGEENGLISH01Warm-up02TextA03TextB04Grammar05WritingLearningobjectivesAfterlearningthisunit,youwillbeableto:buildupvocabularyrelatedtothetopicofecologicalenvironment;deepengrammaticalknowledgeaboutarticlesandconjunctions;mastertheskillstowritelettersofproposal;enhancetheawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.01Warm-upWarm-upMatcheachofthepicturestothecorrespondingexpression.Giveanexampletoshowhowyouhelptoprotecttheenvironmentinyourdailylife.1.avoidunnecessarynightlighting(  ) 2.savewater(  )3.reduceuseofplastic(  ) 4.clearyourplate,avoidfoodwaste(  )5.recyclepaper(  ) 6.bikemore,driveless(  )CDAEFB02TextAPolarBearontheListInthespringof2008,thepolarbearwasplacedontheendangeredspecieslist.AccordingtotheUSA’sEndangeredSpeciesAct,anendangeredspeciesisananimal,plantoranyotherkindofwildlifethatislikelytofaceextinctioninitsnaturalhabitat.Thepolarbearisthefirstanimalthathasbeenclassifiedasendangereddueprimarilytoglobalwarming.Globalwarmingisaformofclimatechangecausedbyincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesthatbecometrappedintheatmosphere.Oilandgasheaters,enginesusingoilorpetrolandcoal-poweredelectricityplantsallrequirefossilfuelsthatleadtoglobalwarming.Renewableenergysourcesorrenewablesthatdon’tcauseglobalwarmingincludesolar,windandhydro-electricpower.However,thesealternativeformsofpower,aswellasthescienceofclimatechange,havebeenstronglyattackedbymanyoftheworld’sbiggestcompaniesinordertoprotectthehugeprofitstheymakefromfossilfuels.Thepolarbear’shabitatismoreeasilytobeaffectedbyglobalwarmingthanmanyotherspecies.PolarbearslivemainlyontheseaiceintheArctic.Thisiswheretheyhuntforfishandbuildupfatreserves.Whentheicemeltsmanypolarbearsmovetolandandliveofftheirstoredfat.IntheArctic,globalwarmingiscausingtheicetomeltslightlyearlierandformslightlylater.Thisresultsinashorterfeedingseasonforthepolarbear.Somerisktheirlivestofindice.Iftheyhavetoswimtoofartheywilldrownfromexhaustionandhunger.Itisimportantthatanimalssuchasthepolarbearmakeitontotheendangeredspecieslist.Oncetheyareonthelisttherearelawsthatprotecttheseanimalsfrombeinghuntedforfoodorsport.Institutionsalsoreceivemoneyandtoolstoprotectthehabitatandrecoverthespecies.Thegoalofremovingtheanimalfromthelistisoftenachievable.Since1973,manyspecieshavebeentakenoffthelistduetoincreasedpopulations.Infact,itisrareforaspeciestogoextinctaftertheymakethelist.Sadly,manyspeciesdogoextinctwhilewaitingforconsideration.2008年春天，北极熊被列入濒危物种名单。根据美国的《濒危物种法》，濒危物种是指在其自然栖息地可能面临灭绝的动物、植物或任何其他种类的野生动物。北极熊是第一个因全球变暖而被列为濒危物种的动物。全球变暖是一种气候变化形式，是由被困在大气中的二氧化碳和其他温室气体的增加引起的。燃油和天然气加热器、燃油或汽油发动机以及燃煤发电厂都消耗化石燃料，从而导致了全球变暖。可再生能源或不会引起全球变暖的非传统能源包括太阳能、风能和水力发电等。然而，这些可替代的能源，以及气候变化科学研究，都受到了世界上许多大公司的强烈抵制，以保护他们从化石燃料中获得的巨额利润。北极熊榜上有名北极熊的栖息地比许多其他物种更容易受到全球变暖的影响。北极熊主要生活在北极地区的海冰上。这是它们捕食鱼类和积累脂肪储备的地方。当冰融化时，许多北极熊迁移到陆地上，以储存的脂肪为生。在北极，全球变暖导致冰融化的时间略早，结冰的时间略晚。这导致北极熊的觅食季节变短。有些北极熊甚至冒着生命危险去寻找冰。如果它们不得不游得太远，就会因疲惫和饥饿而淹死。像北极熊这样的动物被列入濒危物种名单是很重要的。一旦它们被列入名单，就会有法律保护这些动物不会被作为食物或野外运动而猎杀。机构也会得到资金和工具来保护它们的栖息地和恢复物种。将动物从名单中移除的目标通常是可以实现的。自1973年以来，由于种群数量的增加，许多物种已经被从名单上删除。事实上，很少有物种在上榜后就灭绝了。然而可悲的是，许多物种确实在等待人类评估的过程中灭绝了。TextAWords&Expressionsendanger/ɪnˈdeɪndʒər/v.使遭危险；危及；危害habitat/ˈhæbɪtæt/n.（动植物的）生活环境，栖息地carbondioxiden.二氧化碳fossil/ˈfɑːsl/n.化石renewable/rɪˈnuːəbl/adj.可更新的；可再生的；可恢复的TextAtheArctic/'ɑrktɪk/n.北极地区；北冰洋reserve/rɪˈzɜːrv/n.储备（量）；储藏（量）exhaustion/ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/n.筋疲力尽；疲惫不堪makeit成功或达到目标institution/ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃn/n.机构，团体1. Whywasthepolarbearlistedasanendangeredspecies?A.Itlivesinitsnaturalhabitat.B.Itisthefirstanimaltogoextinct.C.ItisremovedfromtheUSA’sEndangeredSpeciesAct.D.Itfacesextinctionduetoglobalwarming.2. Whatisthemaincauseofglobalwarming?A.Water-poweredelectricityplants.B.Theincreasingclimatechange.C.Theheavyuseoffossilfuels.D.Enginespoweredbyelectricity.DDirections:Therearefivequestionsorincompletestatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceaccordingtothetext.CTask1ReadingComprehension3. Whichstatementistrueaboutthepolarbear?A.Itiseasilyaffectedbyclimatechange.B.ItmainlylivesondrylandintheArctic.C.Ithasalongerfeedingseasonwithtemperatureincreasing.D.Ithuntsfishandlivesofffatinthewater.4. Theauthor’sattitudetothefutureoftheanimalsonthelistis    .A.regretfulB.criticalC.doubtfulD.hopefulTask1ReadingComprehensionAD5. Whatisthetextaimedat?A.Raisingmoneyforprotectingwildanimals.B.Promotingreaders’awarenessofenvironment.C.Introducingthepolarbear’slivinghabit.D.Advocatingwaysofprotectingendangeredspecies.Task1ReadingComprehensionDA.Directions:Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsfromthebox.1. Ourtripsofferanexcitingencounterwith___________initsnaturalstate.2. Thepanda’snatural___________isthebambooforest.3. I’dpreferto___________myjudgementuntilIknowallthefacts.4. ThewarmingoftheEarthandtheconsequentclimaticchanges___________usall.5. Thesocietywassetuptopreserve___________speciesfromextinction.endanger

habitat

wildlife

renew

affectreserve

exhaust

institution

remove

duetowildlifeTask2VocabularyBuildinghabitataffectreserveendangeredA.Directions:Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsfromthebox.6. Mr.Wangsatdownto___________hismuddyboots.7. Inmanypartsoftheworld___________energyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource.8. The___________isvoluntaryandnotforprofit.9. Manycaraccidentswere___________drivers’misjudgment.10. Lackofexercisecanleadtofeelingsofdepressionand___________.Task2VocabularyBuildingremoverenewableinstitutionduetoexhaustionendanger

habitat

wildlife

renew

affectreserve

exhaust

institution

remove

dueto 1. 濒危物种  _______________________

 2. 全球变暖 

_______________________ 3. 气候变化 

_______________________

 4. 温室气体 

_______________________

 5. 可再生能源

_______________________

 6. 水电能源

_______________________

 7. 化石燃料

_______________________

 8. 灭绝

_______________________

 9. 榜上有名

_______________________

10.靠……生活

_______________________

B.Directions:FindtheEnglishexpressionsfromthetextforthefollowingChineseones.Task2VocabularyBuildingendangeredspeciesglobalwarmingclimatechangegreenhousegasesrenewableenergyhydro-electricitypowerfossilfuelgoextinctmakethelistliveofDirections:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YouarerequiredtochoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.Plasticisamaterialweuseeveryday.Thingsmadewithplasticcanbeusefulforpeople  1  badfortheplanet.Someplasticscanlastforalongtimewithout  2  ,andcanbe  3  togetridofwhentheyarenotneeded.Theycanremainas  4  forhundredsofyears.  5  isagoodwaytogetridofunwantedplastics.Recycledwastematerialscanbeusedagaintomakenew  6  . 1. A.and

B.but

C.or

D.so 2. A.wearingout

B.fadingaway

C.goingout

D.fallingapart 3. A.necessary

B.important

C.difficult

D.interesting 4. A.dirt

B.rubbish

C.fuel

D.resource 5. A.Recycling

B.Burning

C.Burying

D.Collecting 6. A.books

B.bicycles

C.products

D.housesTask3ClozeBACBACSomekindsofplasticscanbe  7  andusedtomakenewthingssuchasbagsandbottles.Otherscanbemadeintofibresforclothing.Anotherwaytoprotecttheenvironmentistouseclothbagsfor  8  ratherthanplasticones.Alotofplasticobjectscanalsobereused.Plasticbottlescanbe  9  manytimes,insteadofbeingthrownawayoncetheyareempty.UnwantedplasticgoodssuchasCDsandtoyscanbe  10  orgivenawaytocharityshops. 7. A.setdown

B.putdown

C.passeddown

D.melteddown 8. A.shopping

B.travelling

C.fishing

D.playing 9. A.washed

B.refilled

C.broken

D.opened10. A.introduced

B.lent

C.sold

D.showedTask3ClozeDABCDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromEnglishintoChinese. 1. Inspring2008,thepolarbearwasplacedontheendangeredspecieslist.

_____________________________________________________________________________________2. Oilandgasheaters,enginesusingoilorpetrolandcoal-poweredelectricityplantsallrequirefossilfuels..._____________________________________________________________________________________2008年春天，北极熊被列入濒危物种名单。Task4English-ChineseTranslation燃油和天然气加热器、燃油或汽油发动机以及燃煤发电厂都消耗化石燃料。3. Thegoalofremovingtheanimalfromthelistisoftenachievable._____________________________________________________________________________________4. ...manyspecieshavebeentakenoffthelistduetoincreasedpopulations._____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Infact,itisrareforaspeciestogoextinctaftertheymakethelist._____________________________________________________________________________________将动物从名单中移除的目标通常是可以实现的。由于种群数量的增加，许多物种已经被从名单上删除。事实上，很少有物种在上榜后就灭绝了。Task4English-ChineseTranslation03TextBThecentralandeasternTianshanmountainsextendforhundredsofkilometersliketwohugearmsgatheringthewindsfromthefieldandthebasin.ThesewindsspeedupthroughauniquevalleytravellingunstoppedacrosstheGobiDesert.Eventually,inthe80-kilometerlongvalley,thewindscontinuetocollect,formingpowerfulenergy.China’sWindValleyToweringtothesky,thousandsofwindturbinesstandinformationcreatingavastwhiteforestinDabanchengDistrictofUrumqiinnorthwestChina’sXinjiang.Withmorethan200daysofstrongwindsof6ontheBeaufortscale,theannualwindenergypotentialinthiswindzone,iftransformedintoelectricity,couldlightuptheworldfor30minutesorserveonepersonfor950,000years.InOctober1989,withthefirstwindturbinesgiftedbyDenmarkputintooperationinDabancheng,China’sfirstlarge-scalewindfarmwasborn.Afterdecadesofdevelopment,windturbines,with40timesthepoweroutputoftheinitialonesnowblanketthevalley.Behindthedevelopmentofwindpowerliesnumeroustechnologicalchallengesanddifficultconstruction.Engineersfromacrossthecountryperseveredinthefaceofdifficulties,workinginthestrongwindsoftheGobiDesert,allwiththedeterminationtocreateChina’sownwindturbines.AlltheireffortscontributegreatlytotheestablishmentofChina’snewpowersystemandnewenergysystem.China’sWindValleyToday,DabanchengDistrictrunsentirelyonnewenergy.Thevastwindturbines,withclose-to-zerocarbonemissions,protectwetlands,snow-cappedmountainsandthewellbeingoftensofthousandsoflocals.InUrumqi,streetsandbuildingsarelitbygreenelectricity.Businesses,factories,andinternationalcargocentersaretappingintogreenenergy,benefitingmoreandmorepeople.Atthe19thAsianGamesinHangzhou,allcompetitionstadiumswere100percentpoweredbygreenenergy.170millionkilowatt-hoursofgreenelectricitycamefromXinjiang.Inthevastnorthernplains,thesouthernmountainrangesandthesoutheasterncoastsofChina,windfarmshavebroughtplentifulgreenenergyandatthesametime,crafteduniquescenesfortheland.China’swindvalleyhasnowpavedthewayforgreenelectricityanddrivenanenergyrevolutionthatindicatesChinesewisdomingreentransformationandenvironmentalprotection.China’sWindValley中国风谷天山中部和东部绵延数百公里，就像两只巨大的手臂聚集了来自田野和盆地的风。这些风加速穿过一个独特的山谷，不间断地穿过戈壁大沙漠。最终，在80公里长的山谷中，风继续聚集，形成强大的能量。在中国西北部新疆乌鲁木齐的达坂城区，成千上万的风力涡轮机高耸入云，形成了一片巨大的白色森林。在200多天的蒲福6级强风中，该风区的年风能潜力如果转化为电力，可以照亮全世界30分钟或为一个人服务95万年。1989年10月，随着丹麦捐赠的第一批风力发电机在达坂城开始运行，中国第一个大型风电场诞生了。经过几十年的发展，风力涡轮机的输出功率是最初的40倍，现在覆盖了整个山谷。风电发展的背后是诸多技术挑战和建设难度。来自全国各地的工程师不畏困难，在戈壁沙漠的强风中工作，所有人都怀着创造中国自己的风力涡轮机的决心。他们为中国新电力体系和新能源体系的建立做出了巨大贡献。如今，达坂城区完全依靠新能源运行。巨大的风力涡轮机几近零碳排放，保护着湿地、雪山和成千上万当地人的福祉。在乌鲁木齐，街道和建筑物都用绿色电力照明。企业、工厂和国际货运中心都在利用绿色能源，惠及越来越多的人。在杭州举行的第19届亚运会上，所有比赛场馆都100%采用绿色能源供电。1.7亿千瓦时绿色电力来自新疆。在中国广袤的北部平原、南部山脉和东南沿海地区，风力发电场带来了丰富的绿色能源，同时也为这块土地创造了独特的景观。中国的风谷为绿色电力铺平了道路，推动了一场能源革命，显示了中国在绿色转型和环境保护方面的智慧。TextBvalley/ˈvæli/n.山谷；溪谷turbine/ˈtɜːrbaɪn/n.涡轮机；汽轮机Beaufortscale/ˈboʊfərtskeɪl/n.蒲福风力等级（分为0至12级）potential/pəˈtenʃl/n.潜力；潜质transform/trænsˈfɔːrm/v.使改变形态lightup点亮；照亮Words&ExpressionsTextBDenmark/ˈdenmɑːrk/n.丹麦persevere/ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr/v.坚持；孜孜以求emission/iˈmɪʃn/n.（光、热、气等的）发出，射出，排放cargo/ˈkɑːrɡoʊ/n.货物kilowatt-hour/ˌkɪləwɑːtˈaʊər/n.千瓦时（电能单位）1. WhyisDabanchengDistrictsuitableforbuildingwindfarms?A.Itishundredsofkilometerslong.B.Itislocatedinashortanddeepvalley.C.Ithasalargewhiteforest.D.Ithasamazingwindenergypotential.2. WhendidthewindfarminDabanchengDistrictfirstbeginoperation?A.Inthe19thcentury.B.Attheendofthe1980s.C.Fourdecadesago.D.80yearsago.DDirections:Therearefivequestionsorincompletestatements.Foreachofthem,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceaccordingtothetext.BTask1ReadingComprehension3. WhatcanwelearnabouttheconstructionofwindfarmsinDabanchengDistrict?A.Itwastheresultofhardworkanddetermination.B.Itwentsmoothlywithoutanydifficulties.C.OnlytheengineersfromXinjiangattendedthework.D.Allthewindturbinesusedwereimported.4. Whatdoesthephrase“tappinginto”inParagraph5mean?A.Saving.B.Sticking.C.Using.D.Combining.Task1ReadingComprehensionAC5. Thetextismainlyabout_____________.A.the19thAsianGamesinHangzhouB.theTianshanmountainsC.thevastnorthernplainsD.China’scontributiontotheenergyrevolutionTask1ReadingComprehensionDDirections:Thereare15incompletesentences.YouarerequiredtocompleteeachonebydecidingonthemostappropriatewordorwordsfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.1.

—Thelectureshouldn’ttakemorethananhour.—_____________.Itisatleasttwohours.A.Iguessso

B.YoumustbejokingC.Nevermind

D.Itdepends2. Thereareplansto___________thenaturereserveto180squarekilometers.A.extend

B.abandon

C.move

D.compare3. Mr.Wanghopedtogetajobwiththelocalnewspaperand___________worksforBeijingDaily.A.surprisingly

B.immediately

C.eventually

D.especially4. MarywatchedKarlrun___________thestreettoTommy,whowasinfrontofthehouseopposite.A.along

B.across

C.through

D.in5. Improvementinthequalityoflifecan___________greatlytosocialharmony.A.contribute

B.change

C.head

D.applyTask2Vocabulary&StructureBACBA6. Thenewlydevelopedbatterycan

___________anelectriccarfor800milesonasinglecharge.A.push

B.move

C.power

D.make7. Raysoflightfilteredthroughthetrees,

___________spotsofvaryingsizesontheground.A.form

B.toform

C.forms

D.forming8. Jackwaslookingforafilmrolethatwould

___________allhistalents.A.show

B.ruin

C.find

D.form9. Weshoulddoanything

___________wecantoslowtheglobalwarming.A.which

B.that

C.where

D.why10. Wearegladtofindthattheresultsare

___________consistentwithourearlierresearch.A.unfortunatelyB.immediatelyC.commonlyD.entirelyTask2Vocabulary&StructureCDABD11.The__________rainforestsinAmazonhaveshrunkduetoover-development.A.vast

B.new

C.general

D.extra12. Becauseoftheextremecold,theAntarcticisa__________butfragileenvironment.A.general

B.harmful

C.unique

D.messy13. Withdecadesofdevelopment,windfarmsacrossChinanow__________plentifulgreenenergy.A.hadbrought

B.werebringing

C.bring

D.havebrought14. Itisyourpassionandhardworkthathelped__________thewayforyourfuture.A.arrange

B.pave

C.choose

D.block15. Theabilitytopersevere__________obstaclesandsetbacksisthequalitypeoplemostadmireinothers.A.insteadof

B.despite

C.exceptfor

D.besidesTask2Vocabulary&StructureACDBBDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromChineseintoEnglish.1. 新疆乌鲁木齐达坂城区是中国风力发电的重要基地。_____________________________________________________________________________________2. 经验丰富的技术团队研发出多项新能源创新技术。_____________________________________________________________________________________DabanchengDistrictinUrumqi,XinjiangisanimportantbaseforwindpowergenerationinChina.Task3Chinese-EnglishTranslationThetechnicalteamwithrichexperiencehasdevelopedmultipleinnovativetechnologiesinnewenergy.3.那位拥有最新科研成果的科学家备受同行们的瞩目。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.工程师们长年累月在戈壁滩上艰苦地工作着。_____________________________________________________________________________________5.风力正是在这长达80公里的山谷中形成了强大的能量。_____________________________________________________________________________________Task3Thescientistholdingthelatestscientificresearchachievementshasattractedconsiderableattentionfromhispeers.EngineershavebeenworkinghardontheGobiDesertforyears.Itisinthis80-kilometer-longvalleythatthewindgainsitsgreatpower.Chinese-EnglishTranslation04Grammar冠词（article，缩略art.），是一种限定词，在句子中不能独立使用，一般放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。例AccordingtotheUSA’sEndangeredSpeciesAct,anendangeredspeciesis...GlobalwarmingisaformofclimatechangecausedbyGrammar:冠词、连词连词（conjunction，缩略conj.），是一种虚词，在句子中不能独立担任句子成分，主要用来连接词、短语或句子。根据其功能，连词主要分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。例Oilandgasheaters,enginesusingoilorpetrolandcoal-poweredelectricityplantsallrequirefossilfuels...Oncetheyareonthelisttherearelawsthatprotecttheseanimalsfrombeinghuntedforfoodorsport.Grammar:冠词、连词ExercisesDirections:Thereare15incompletesentences.YouarerequiredtocompleteeachonebydecidingonthemostappropriatewordorwordsfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.1. Actionsshouldbetakentoprotecttheenvironment_________animalsneedhomes.A.although

B.because

C.so

D.whereas2. Jacksondecidestoattendthisanimalprotectiongroup_________heknowslittleaboutit.A.eventhough

B.sothat

C.onlyif

D.incase3. Mr.Carter,_____________presidentofouruniversity,hasdecidedtoorganize_____________environmentalprotectionactivitynextmonth.A.the;the

B./;the

C.the;an

D./;anBADExercises 4. _________Julie_________BrucewenttothemeetinglastSunday,sotheydidn’tknowwhat

happened.A.Neither;nor

B.Either;or

C.Notonly;butalso

D.Both;and5. EdwardWittenisconsideredagreatscientist_________hehasmadesignificantcontributionstothefieldofphysics.A.onconditionthat

B.forfearthat

C.inthat

D.asif6. This83-year-oldmansaidthatcrossing_________Pacifichadbeen_________memorableexperienceforhim.A./;the

B./;a

C.the;/

D.the;a7. Weshouldreducewasteandrecyclematerials,_________weendangerthenaturalenvironmentandcausefurtherharm.A.since

B.because

C.lest

D.unlessACDCExercises8. Thescholarshipwillbeawarded_________theapplicantsmeettheacademiccriteria.A.inorderthat

B.providedthat

C.asthough

D.nowthat9. Tracyenjoyswearing_________jewelleryand_________jewellerysheworeyesterdaydidlookwonderful.A./;the

B.the;the

C.the;/

D./;/10. KarlandJohnsonwillgoonabusinesstriptoThailandanditwillbealongtime_________wemeetthemagain.A.after

B.when

C.since

D.before11. Youshouldplanandpreparebeforehand,_________yourprojectislikelytofailandyou’llhavetostartfromthebeginning.A.or

B.and

C.so

D.butBADAExercises12. Helenkeptthesecrettoherself_________itmightcauseunnecessarytrouble.A.sothat

B.solongas

C.ifonly

D.forfearthat13. Iamlearningtoplay_________guitar,andIhopetobeasgoodas_________famousguitar

playersoon.A./;the

B.the;a

C.the;/

D./;a14.

_________youhavegraspedbasicconcepts,youwillfinditeasiertosolvemorecomplexproblems.A.Though

B.Until

C.Once

D.Unless15. Sheheldthedelicatevaseverycarefully,_________itweremadeofglassinsteadofplastic.A.incase

B.sothat

C.asif

D.evenifDBCC05WritingWriting：LettersofProposal（倡议书）倡议书是个人、某一组织或社团就某事公开提倡某种做法、倡导某项活动、提议社会或全体成员共同采取行动的一种书信，在现实社会中使用广泛，也是各类考试常考的体裁之一。倡议书通常由标题、称呼、正文、结尾、落款五部分组成，其中正文的基本结构如下。GeneralStructure1开头段：写信的目的/发出倡议的理由2中间段：具体做法、建议3结尾段：呼吁采取行动GuidedWriting1. Itiswellknownthat...isgettingworseandworse.

众所周知，……正在变得越来越糟糕。2. Withtheaimof...,wearesupposedtocarryoutaseriesofmeasures.为了……，我们应该采取一系列措施。3. Withtheapproachingof...,I’dliketocalloneveryoneto...随着……的临近，我呼吁大家……。

4. Inmyopinion,thepresentsituationis...在我看来，目前的情况是……。5. Ithinkitnecessarytolaystresson...我认为有必要强调的是……。SentencePatternsforReferenceGuidedWriting6. Weshouldfollowtheadvicebelow.

我们应该遵循以下建议。7. Effectivemeasuresshouldbeadoptedbeforethingsgetworse.在事态恶化之前，应该采取有效措施。8. Ifeveryonemakessomecontributionsto...,...willbecome...如果每个人都可以为……做一些贡献，……将会变得……9. Inaword,ifeveryonepaysattentionto...,therewillbeless/fewer...总之，如果每个人多关注一点……，……将会更少。10.

It’shightimewedid/shoulddo...

是时候我们做……GuidedWriting11.

Onlyinthiswaycanwe...只有用这种方式，我们才可以……。12. Onlyifwetakeeffectivemeasurestodealwiththisproblemnowcanwe...只有现在采取有效措施来解决这个问题，我们才能……。13. Let’sjoinourhandsandtakeactionimmediately.

让我们携起手来，立即采取行动。14.

Allinall,itishightimewedevotedourselvesto...总之，是时候我们致力于……。15. Itwouldbebetterifwe...

如果……，那就更好了。GuidedWritingUsefulExpressionsforonething,...foranother,...一方面……，另一方面……haveapositive/negativeeffecton...对……有积极（消极）的影响adopt/takemeasuresto...采取措施去……enhancetheawarenessof...提高……的意识toarouse/improve/advocate...为唤醒/改进/倡导……beresponsiblefor...对……负责；是……的原因appealtosb.todo...呼吁某人……makeallefforts/sparenoeffortsto...全力以赴地去……contributeto/resultin/giveriseto/leadto...导致……environmentallyfriendly/environment-friendly有利于环境的GuidedWritingWritingOutlineAProposalaboutMakingaCleanandBeautifulCampusDear________________,(称呼、倡议的对象)Doyouwanttoliveinanenjoyableandbeautifulcampus?Ifso,

(倡议目的inorderto

),wearesupposedtofollowtheadvicebelow.Tobeginwith,itissuggestedthat________________________________(建议1)Ifyourideabikeorane-bike,don’tforgettoparkitinthedesignatedposition.

Besides,_________