2026-2027年四川省部编版高中三年级英语下册第8章课后练习

2026-2027年四川省部编版高中三年级英语下册第8章课后练习一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothepassageinUnit8,whatisthemainpurposeofthearticleaboutenvironmentalprotection?A.Topersuadereaderstobuyelectriccarsimmediately.B.Toexplainthecausesandeffectsofairpollution.C.TointroduceanewrecyclingprograminSichuan.D.Tocriticizegovernmentsfornottakingaction.解析：本题考查文章主旨大意。根据第8章课后练习中关于环境保护的文章，作者主要分析了空气污染的成因和影响，并呼吁公众关注。选项A错误，文章未直接推销电动汽车；选项C错误，未提及四川的回收计划；选项D错误，文章基调是客观分析而非批评。正确答案为B，符合文章核心内容。2.InthereadingmaterialofUnit8,astudentlearnsthat"sustainabledevelopment"meansbalancingeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotection.Whichsentencefromthetextbestsupportsthisidea?A."Manyfactoriesreleasetoxicgasesintotheair."B."Solarenergyisacleanandrenewableresource."C."Governmentsshouldimposehighertaxesonpolluters."D."Developingcountriesneedmoreindustrialization."解析：本题考查对关键概念的理解。文章中关于可持续发展的段落强调经济与环境需协调发展，选项B“太阳能是一种清洁的可再生资源”体现了对环境友好型发展的支持，间接印证了可持续发展的理念。其他选项或仅描述问题（A），或提出单一解决方案（C），或与可持续发展背道而驰（D）。3.ThegrammarsectioninUnit8focusesontheuseof"usedto"and"would"todescribepasthabits.Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"usedto"toexpressachange?A."Shewouldvisithergrandparentseveryweekend."B."Heusedtosmoke,buthedoesn’tanymore."C."TheyusedtoliveinLondon,butnowtheyliveinChengdu."D."IwouldstudylateatnightwhenIwasastudent."解析：本题考查时态辨析。选项A和D使用"would"表示过去习惯，但未体现变化；选项C虽描述变化，但"usedto"与"but"搭配不当；选项B正确表达了“过去吸烟但现在戒了”的对比，符合"usedto"的用法。4.InthewritingtaskofUnit8,studentsareaskedtowritealettertoalocalnewspaperabouttrafficproblems.Whichopeningsentenceismostappropriate?A."Hello,mynameisLiMing."B."Deareditor,Iwanttocomplainaboutthetraffic."C."Towhomitmayconcern,Iamwritingtosuggestsolutions."D."Hieveryone,let’stalkaboutcars."解析：本题考查应用文写作规范。写给报社的信件需正式开头，选项B使用"Deareditor"符合书信格式，且直接点明主题。选项A过于随意，C过于生硬，D完全错误。5.ThevocabularyexerciseinUnit8includestheword"biodiversity."Whichsentencebestdefinesitinsimpleterms?A."Biodiversityisthenumberoftreesinaforest."B."BiodiversityreferstothevarietyoflifeonEarth."C."Biodiversitymeanspeopleprotectinganimals."D."Biodiversityisthestudyofplants."解析：本题考查词汇理解。文章中解释了生物多样性的概念，即地球上生命的多样性。选项B准确概括了定义，其他选项或范围过窄（A、D），或偏离主题（C）。6.ThelisteningpassageinUnit8describesastudent’sexperiencevolunteeringatananimalshelter.Whichquestionwouldbesthelpthestudentsummarizethepassage?A."Whatisthenameoftheshelter?"B."Howmanyhoursdidthestudentvolunteer?"C."Whatproblemsdidtheshelterface?"D."Whydidthestudentchoosetovolunteer?"解析：本题考查听力信息筛选。文章重点描述了志愿经历，选项B和C涉及细节，但选项D（动机）更贴近主题，有助于理解学生行为背后的原因。7.ThespeakingactivityinUnit8asksstudentstodebatewhethercitiesshouldbuildmoreskyscrapers.Whichargumentsupportsthe"yes"side?A."Skyscraperscausetoomuchpollution."B."Morebuildingsmeanmorejobopportunities."C."High-risebuildingsdestroyhistoricalsites."D."Peoplepreferlivinginsmallhouses."解析：本题考查辩论能力。文章中支持建造摩天大楼的观点可能包括经济或空间效益，选项B直接关联就业，符合“yes”立场。其他选项均为反对论据。8.Theunit’sreadingstrategyfocusesonidentifyingtheauthor’stone.Whichsentenceshowsacriticaltone?A."Thegovernmentshouldinvestingreenenergy."B."Manypeopleenjoyfastfood."C."Somescientistsarguethatclimatechangeisexaggerated."D."Thenewpolicywillimprovepublichealth."解析：本题考查语篇分析。选项C带有质疑意味，暗示对科学观点的否定，体现批判态度。其他选项均为客观陈述或积极评价。9.ThegrammarexerciseinUnit8includesthepassivevoice.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesittodescribeapastevent?A."Theywerebuiltlastyear."B."Thebookwaswrittenbyher."C."Wewillfinishittomorrow."D."Hehaseatenbreakfast."解析：本题考查被动语态。选项B“这本书是她写的”符合被动结构（be+doneby），描述过去动作的执行者。其他选项或为主动语态（A、C），或为现在完成时（D）。10.Theunit’swritingtaskrequiresstudentstocomparetwoadvertisements.Whichquestionhelpsanalyzetheeffectivenessoftheads?A."Whatcolorsareusedintheads?"B."Whichproductischeaper?"C."Dotheadsappealtothesameaudience?"D."Aretheadstoolong?"解析：本题考查广告分析能力。比较广告需关注受众定位，选项C（目标群体是否一致）是核心分析点。其他选项涉及设计或价格等次要因素。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThepassageinUnit8mentionsthat"renewableenergysources_______fromnaturalprocessesthatareconstantlyreplenished."解析：空格处需填入动词原形，根据语境应填"come"，完整句意为“可再生能源来自自然过程”。2.Inthegrammarsection,studentslearnthatthepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthat_______beforeanotherpastaction.解析：空格处需填入副词，应填"hadhappened"，完整句意为“过去完成时用于描述发生在另一过去动作之前的动作”。3.Theunit’sspeakingactivityasksstudentsto_______theiropinionsaboutpublictransportationusingpersuasivelanguage.解析：空格处需填入动词原形，应填"express"，完整句意为“口语活动要求学生用有说服力的语言表达对公共交通的看法”。4.ThereadingstrategyforUnit8isto_______themainideabyidentifyingkeysentencesineachparagraph.解析：空格处需填入动词原形，应填"find"，完整句意为“第8章的阅读策略是通过识别每段的关键句来找到中心思想”。5.Thevocabularylistincludestheword"conservation,"whichmeansthe_______ofnaturalresources.解析：空格处需填入名词，应填"preservation"，完整句意为“词汇表中的‘conservation’意为自然资源的保护”。6.Inthewritingtask,studentsmust_______theirargumentswithfactsandexamplestomaketheiressaysconvincing.解析：空格处需填入动词原形，应填"support"，完整句意为“写作任务中，学生必须用事实和例子支持他们的论点，使文章更有说服力”。7.ThelisteningpassageinUnit8describeshowalocalcommunity_______aparktoreducepollution.解析：空格处需填入动词原形，应填"created"，完整句意为“听力材料描述了一个社区如何创建公园以减少污染”。8.Theunit’sgrammarexerciseincludesthestructure"usedto+verb,"whichisusedtotalkabouthabitsthat_______inthepast.解析：空格处需填入动词原形，应填"were"（过去分词），完整句意为“单元的语法练习包括‘usedto+verb’结构，用于谈论过去存在的习惯”。9.Thereadingpassagementionsthat"biodiversityisimportantbecauseit_______theecosystem."解析：空格处需填入动词原形，应填"supports"，完整句意为“阅读材料提到生物多样性很重要，因为它支持生态系统”。10.ThespeakingactivityinUnit8requiresstudentsto_______theirviewpointsclearlyandlogically.解析：空格处需填入动词原形，应填"state"，完整句意为“第8章的口语活动要求学生清晰、有条理地陈述观点”。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThepassageinUnit8suggeststhatusingpublictransportationcansignificantlyreducecarbonemissions.解析：正确。文章中提到公共交通比私家车更环保，直接支持该观点。2.ThegrammarsectioninUnit8explainsthat"would"canbeusedtoexpresspasthabits,but"usedto"cannot.解析：错误。两者均可描述过去习惯，但用法不同："would"常用于假设，"usedto"强调已消失的习惯。3.Thevocabularyword"sustainable"meanssomethingthatlastsforeverwithoutchanging.解析：错误。文章解释“sustainable”指可长期维持且不破坏环境的发展方式，并非“永恒不变”。4.ThelisteningpassageinUnit8includesadebatebetweentwostudentsaboutwhethercitiesshouldbuildmoreskyscrapers.解析：正确。听力材料设计为辩论形式，一方支持、一方反对。5.ThewritingtaskinUnit8asksstudentstowriteapoemaboutenvironmentalprotection.解析：错误。写作任务为书信或议论文，非诗歌。6.Theunit’sreadingstrategyteachesstudentstoignoretheauthor’sopinionswhenanalyzingatext.解析：错误。策略要求识别作者观点，而非忽略。7.ThegrammarexerciseinUnit8includesthepresentperfectcontinuoustense,whichisusedforactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent.解析：正确。文章中解释了该时态的用法，如“hasbeenraining”。8.Thevocabularyword"biodiversity"refersonlytoanimals,notplantsormicroorganisms.解析：错误。文章定义中包含所有生命形式。9.ThespeakingactivityinUnit8requiresstudentstomemorizeandreciteaspeechaboutclimatechange.解析：错误。活动强调即兴表达观点，非背诵。10.Theunit’sgrammarsectionfocusesonlyonBritishEnglishgrammarrules.解析：错误。文章提及英式和美式用法对比。四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"usedto"and"would"indescribingpasthabits.解析：-"Usedto"：表示过去存在的习惯或状态，现已消失，如"usedtoplaybasketballeveryday."-"Would"：常用于描述过去的倾向或意愿，如"hewouldalwayshelpothers."两者区别在于："usedto"强调“消失性”，"would"强调“倾向性”。2.Howcanstudentsusethereadingstrategy"identifyingkeysentences"toimprovetheircomprehension?解析：-找出每段首句、尾句、转折句（如"however"）。-注意重复出现的词语或概念。-通过这些句子概括段落大意，提高阅读效率。3.DescribeonewaytomakeapersuasiveargumentinthewritingtaskofUnit8.解析：-使用事实和数据支持观点，如引用环保报告。-引用权威人士意见，如科学家或专家。-结合个人经历或情感诉求，增强说服力。4.Whyis"biodiversity"importantfortheenvironment,accordingtothepassageinUnit8?解析：-生物多样性维持生态平衡，如传粉昆虫保护植物。-多样性增强生态系统韧性，抵抗疾病或气候变化。-保护生物多样性有助于人类生存资源（如药物）。五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(50words)aboutalocalenvironmentalprobleminSichuanandsuggestasolution.解析："Chengdufacessevereairpollutionduetofactoryemissions.Apossiblesolutionistoimposestricterregulationsonindustrialwasteandencouragerenewableenergyuse,likesolarpower."2.Rewritethefollowing