高考完形必考逻辑（附高考真题）

完形填空+熟词生义：从最新名校联盟考题，看透高考完形必考逻辑（附高考真题）【2026名校联盟高三下学期初考】I’muptomyanklesinclayinsouthernGermany.It’s____41____andI’mcompletelywet.It’snotexactlywhatIpicturedwhenIemailedpaleontologist(古生物学者)Madelainefrommy____42____TorontobedroomlastFebruary.HavingjustfinishedherbookAncientbones,IaskedifIcouldjoinherexcavation(发掘古物).Iwantedtobewheretheactionwas.Aweeklater,her____43____came;Iwasverywelcome.That’swhyIfoundmyselfintheHammerschmiedeclaypit,mysocks____44____withmud.Foramoment,IwonderedifIhadmadea____45____.Butthenwe____46____excavating,andthefossilsappeared.Itwasadreamcometruetowitnessthe____47____ofancientlife.Eachmorning,Iclimbedthe20-meterslopetothedigsite.Wemovedtheexcavatedclay-sandmixtureintoanopening,andhigh-pressurewater____48____thesediment(沉淀物),leavingonlystones,bonesandshells.I____49____themforhours,sortingthebonesbysizeandtype.Afterafewdays,Icould____50____manyofthe140vertebratespeciescommontothesite.Intheevenings,allthevolunteers—mostlylocals—gatheredtotalkaboutthatday’s____51____.Attimes,itwasachallengenotbeing____52____inGerman,butthepracticepaidoff.Bytheendoftheweek,Iwas____53____conversational.Itmaybeastrangewaytovacation,butIwasinmysweet____54____.Forme,thisisthe____55____waytotravel:learningnewskills,practicingadifferentlanguageandtrulygettingtoknowaplace.41.A.pouringB.runningC.flowingD.flooding42.A.messyB.privateC.tidyD.spacious43.A.responseB.letterC.recommendationD.turn44.A.decoratedB.coatedC.markedD.occupied45.A.jokeB.fortuneC.differenceD.mistake46.A.wentonB.tookoverC.endedupD.setabout47.A.signalsB.remainsC.ruinsD.leftovers48.A.washedawayB.pickedupC.carriedoffD.wipedout49.A.admiredB.piledC.reflectedD.screened50.A.treasureB.illustrateC.encounterD.identify51.A.adventuresB.discoveriesC.decisionsD.trips52.A.weakB.abundantC.fluentD.immersed53.A.secretlyB.suddenlyC.nearlyD.temporarily54.A.fantasyB.spotC.leisureD.childhood55.A.idealB.possibleC.safeD.long【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在德国参与考古挖掘的经历。作者体验了亲身挖掘化石的过程，并通过这次旅行学到了新技能，提高了语言能力，并深入了解了一个地方。41.A【解析】此处描述天气。后文"completelywet"是重要线索，暗示雨下得很大。(pouring）指倾盆大雨，描述雨势强烈。故选A项。42.C【解析】(tidy)"整洁的、井然有序的"。它最直接地描绘出一个与野外泥泞工地完全相反的、干净舒适的个人空间，强烈地突出了作者动身前的美好想象与现实处境的巨大反差。故选C项。43.A【解析】指对上一句"我发邮件询问"的"回复"。这是最直接、最通用的词。前文是"emailed"，这里用(response）完美对应。故选A项。44.B【解析】根据上文"uptomyanklesinclay"可知，袜子外"裹了一层泥"。(coated）强调薄而均匀的覆盖，最贴切。故选B项。45.D【解析】根据上文描述的狼狈处境与下文作者在发现化石后的兴奋和满足（"...thefossilsappeared.Itwasadreamcometrueto…"）的转折可知，作者一度怀疑加入考古是不是个错误（mistake)。故选D项。46.D【解析】空白处后提到"…fossilsappeared."，由此可知，应该是开始（setabout）挖掘后才有这个发现。故选D项。47.B【解析】在古生物学和考古学语境中，(remains）特指"古生物的残骸，遗体"，照应前文的"fossil"。故选B项。48.A【解析】前文提到"clay-sandmixture"被移到开口处，后用"high-pressurewater"处理。后文明确结果是"leavingonlystones,bonesandshells"。明，水的作用对象是松软的沉积物（sediment)，作用方式是将其冲走（washedaway)，留下更重、更有价值的化石和石头。故选A项。49.D【解析】根据下文"sortingthebonesbysizeandtype"可以推知，这里描述的应是作者对化石进行筛选(screened)。故选D项。50.D【解析】上文提到作者要"sortingthebonesbysizeandtype"，结合下文140vertebratespecies这一物种知识可知，几天后作者能识别（identify）常见化石。故选D项。51.B【解析】上文重点描述了考古现场的发现和工作，根据空白处前"Intheevenings,allthevolunteers…gatheredtotalkaboutthatday's…."可知，志愿者们讨论的是当天挖掘出来的东西，故（discoveries)"发现物"符合语境。故选B项。52.C【解析】后文提到"thepracticepaidoff"（练习有了回报）和"conversational"（能对话），可知挑战是德语不"流利"。故选C项。53.C【解析】上文提到"…thepracticepaidoff."，再结合设空处所在句"Bytheendoftheweek,Iwasconversational."可以推测，这里说的应该是作者的德语水平在一周后几乎（nearly）能日常交流。故选C项54.B【解析】上文提到作者在考古时的收获，包括认识了许多物种，并且学习了德语；也就是在自己擅长和喜爱的领域。inone'ssweetspot是固定搭配，表示"处于最佳状态；得心应手"。故选B项。55.A【解析】空白处下文所列"learningnewskills,practicingadifferentlanguageandtrulygettingtoknowaplace."都是积极体验，故"理想的"(ideal）最能概括作者的这次旅行方式。故选A项。这篇完形里的熟词生义梳理：1.screen熟：屏幕生义：筛选；分拣；审查语境：Iscreenedthemforhours,sortingthebones…考点：本义=屏障、遮挡板、过滤网，screen所有含义，全从“挡一挡、隔一隔、滤一滤”延伸出来：这里screen=筛选、分拣2.remain→remains（复数）熟：剩余；保持生义：遗迹；遗骸；遗体语境：witnesstheremainsofancientlife考点：fossils/ancientremains古生物遗骸（考古类文本必考）3.pour熟：倒（水）生义：（雨）倾盆而下语境：It’spouringandI’mcompletelywet.考点：天气描写高频：It’spouring.大雨滂沱。4.spot熟：斑点；地点生义：处境；位置；最舒适/擅长的状态语境：Iwasinmysweetspot.固定搭配：inone’ssweetspot得心应手、正中下怀、处于最佳状态5.setabout熟：set放置，about关于生义：开始做；着手进行语境：Thenwesetaboutexcavating.考点：setaboutdoing=startdoing6.coat熟：n.外套，大衣生义：v.覆盖；裹上；涂上一层语境：mysockscoatedwithmud袜子上裹满了泥考点：becoatedwith被……覆盖（自然科学/环境类高频）7.washaway熟：wash洗生义：冲走；冲掉；冲刷掉语境：high-pressurewaterwashedawaythesediment高压水冲走沉积物考点：washaway=冲走、侵蚀（地理/考古/实验类必考）8.sort熟：种类生义：分类；整理；挑选语境：Iscreenedthemforhours,sortingthebones…考点：本义=把东西按类分开，sort所有含义，全从“分一分、归归类、理一理”延伸出来：这里sort=分类、整理、分拣高考真题完形里的熟词生义梳理：1.(2024年九省联考)Afteraboutanhourofcheckingtheengine,he31thatmycarwassafetofinishthetrip.31.A.pronouncedB.agreedC.discoveredD.doubted答案：A解析：根据语境，大约一个小时检查后，这位绅士检查完车，宣布作者的车可以安全地完成剩下的旅程。“pronounced”熟词生义“宣布”的意思，这里表示绅士对车的状况做出判断并宣布，故选A。2.(2024年九省联考)IwashalfwayacrossIndianaheadedhometoKentuckywhenmycarbrokedown.Myphonewas21,too.21.A.busyB.loudC.deadD.secure答案：C解析：根据上文“IwashalfwayacrossIndianaheadedhometoKentuckywhenmycarbrokedown.”以及句中的“too”可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而不工作了。“dead”在这里是熟词生义表示“（因无电力）不工作的”，所以选C。3.(2024年九省联考)Mycarbrokedownandhehelpedmerepairit.33hisclothes,workingonahotSeptemberafternoon,thismansavedacollegestudentfromdisaster.33.A.FoldingB.DryingC.SoilingD.Mending答案：C解析：绅士是帮作者修汽车引擎，过程中难免会接触油污、灰尘等，衣服必然会被弄脏，“Soilinghisclothes”既符合“修车”的真实场景，soil属于熟词生义“弄脏”。4.(2018年全国卷II)HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52tome.Thosebrowneyeswereveryfamiliar—theylookedjustlikemychildhoodfriend’s,whomIhadn’tseenintenyears.52.A.happenedB.occurredC.appliedD.appealed解析：B。occur的常见义为“发生，出现”，此处与to搭配，意为“被想到，出现在头脑中”，e.g.Itneveroccurtohimthathewouldbecomealawyer.他从未想到自己能成为律师。5.(2018年全国卷I)Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I41theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn’twanttosaveafewdollars?41.A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.triedoutD.turneddown解析：B。jump常见义为“跳”，此处与介词at搭配，意为“迫不及待地接受”，e.g.IjumpedatthechanceofatriptoHongKong.我迫不及待地接受了去香港的机会.6.(2014年新课标I卷)Theworldisfullofhalf-filledstampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone’s___47__interest.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchildgladlybathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,theburdenofcaringtheanimalishandedovertotheparents.47.A.broadB.passingC.differentD.main解析：B。passing的常见义为名词“通过；流逝；消亡”，此处用作形容词，意为“暂时的；瞬间的”e.g.apassingthought/interest一闪念；一时之兴7.(2016年全国卷II)Onemorning,Ihadto50animmediateflighthomeforafamilyemergency.50.A.arrangeB.postponeC.confirmD.book解析：D。book的常见义为名词“书”，此处意为动词“预约；预订”8.(2016年全国卷I)Theytoldhertostay52untiltheemergencypersonnelarrived,butshethoughtthecarwasgoingtoexplode.52.A.quietB.stillC.awayD.calm解析：B。still的常见义为副词“仍然”，此处用作形容词，意为“静止的；寂静的”，e.g.stillwater平静的水面9.(2017年全国卷II)Throughtheyears,I’drunintoformerstudentswhowouldprovide51onoldclassmates.IlearnedthatFreddydidseveraljobsafterhisgraduationfromhighschoolandremainedthesamecaringpersonImetfortyyearsbefore.51.A.assessmentsB.commentsC.instructionsD.updates解析：D。update的常见解释为动词“更新”，而此处update被用作名词，意为“最新版；最新消息”10.(2016年全国卷I)AtruckdrivernamedMarconoticedacarwithitshooduponthesideoftheroad.Onemorelookandhenoticedflamesshootingoutfromunderthe46vehicle.46.A.usedB.disabledC.removedD.abandoned解析：B。disabled的常见义为“残疾的”，动词disable除“使丧失能力；使残疾”外，还有“使无效，使不能运转”之意11.(2017年全国卷II)Justlastyear,Iwas56aworkshop