2026年安徽省人教版高三英语第3单元阅读理解练习题

2026年安徽省人教版高三英语第3单元阅读理解练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarypurposeofthearticleabout"EnvironmentalProtectionandSustainableDevelopment"?Theauthormainlyaimsto______.A.criticizethecurrentgovernmentpoliciesonenvironmentalissues.B.introducethelatesttechnologicalinnovationsingreenenergy.C.persuadereaderstoadoptamoreeco-friendlylifestyle.D.comparetheeconomicbenefitsofrenewableenergysources.解析：本题考查文章主旨大意。根据第3单元课文《EnvironmentalProtectionandSustainableDevelopment》中作者反复强调个人责任和具体行动建议（如减少塑料使用、垃圾分类等），可判断作者主要目的是说服读者改变行为。选项A与文章积极基调不符；选项B虽提及绿色能源，但非核心；选项D涉及经济比较，但文章更侧重道德呼吁。正确答案为C。2.Inthesecondparagraph,theword"alarming"isclosestinmeaningto______.A.surprisingB.worryingC.expensiveD.difficult解析：本题考查词汇理解。根据上下文"thealarmingincreaseincarbonemissions"（碳排放的惊人增长），"alarming"强调令人担忧的严重性。选项A"令人惊讶"程度不足；选项C"昂贵"与语境无关；选项D"困难"未体现紧迫性。正确答案为B。3.Thepassagementionsthreekeysolutionstoenvironmentalproblems:reducingwaste,usingpublictransportation,andsupportingrecyclingprograms.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaccuratelyreflectstheauthor'sattitudetowardthesesolutions?A.Theauthorbelievesallthreesolutionsareequallyimportantbutimpractical.B.Theauthorsuggeststhatreducingwasteisthemosteffectivesolution.C.Theauthoremphasizesthatpublictransportationshouldbeprioritizedoverrecycling.D.Theauthorarguesthatrecyclingprogramsalonecansolveenvironmentalissues.解析：本题考查细节推理。文章第3段明确列举三种方案并指出"theyallcontributetothegreatergood"，暗示均衡性。选项A与原文"practicalsteps"矛盾；选项B未提及优先级；选项D夸大单一措施作用。正确答案为A。4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenrenewableandnon-renewableenergysources?A.Renewableenergyismoreexpensivetoproduce.B.Non-renewablesourcesarefinitewhilerenewableonesareinfinite.C.Renewableenergycausesmorepollutionduringextraction.D.Non-renewablesourcesaremoreefficientinsmall-scaleapplications.解析：本题考查对比分析。文章第4段对比表格明确指出"non-renewableresources（如石油）willeventuallyrunout"而"renewableresources（如太阳能）aresustainable"，选项B准确概括。选项A与原文"lowerlong-termcosts"矛盾；选项C与"cleaner"描述相反；选项D无数据支持。正确答案为B。5.TheauthorusestheexampleofChina's"GreenDeal"to______.A.criticizetheslowprogressofenvironmentalpolicies.B.demonstratehowgovernmentinitiativescandrivechange.C.arguethateconomicgrowthshouldalwayscomefirst.D.highlightthefailureofinternationalcooperation.解析：本题考查案例作用。第5段"China'sGreenDealhasledtosignificantreductionsincoalusage"表明案例旨在展示政策成效。选项A与"successstory"基调不符；选项C与"balanceeconomyandecology"主张矛盾；选项D未提及国际合作。正确答案为B。6.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutindividualresponsibilityinenvironmentalprotection?A.Individualshavenosignificantimpactonglobalenvironmentalissues.B.Personalactionsaresecondarytolarge-scalecorporateefforts.C.Smallchangesindailyhabitscancollectivelymakeadifference.D.Onlyscientistsandpolicymakerscancontributemeaningfully.解析：本题考查态度判断。文章结尾段落通过"turnofflightswhennotinuse"等具体建议，强调微小的集体行动。选项A与"everyone'srole"矛盾；选项B与"bothlevelsmatter"观点相悖；选项D排除普通民众。正确答案为C。7.Thephrase"awin-winsituation"inthepassagerefersto______.A.ascenariowhereenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowthcannotcoexist.B.asituationwhereonlydevelopedcountriesbenefitfromgreentechnologies.C.anoutcomewhereboththeenvironmentandeconomyimprovesimultaneously.D.aconditionwherestricterregulationsharmbusinessesmorethanindustries.解析：本题考查习语理解。第4段"Greenenergycreatesjobsandreducespollution—trulyawin-winsituation"表明经济与环境双赢。选项A与原文"mutualbenefits"矛盾；选项B与"globaleffort"不符；选项D误解了"businessopportunities"的表述。正确答案为C。8.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebiggestchallengetowidespreadadoptionofsolarenergy?A.Thetechnologyistooexpensiveformosthouseholds.B.Solarpanelsarenotefficientenoughincloudyregions.C.Governmentslackthepoliticalwilltosupportrenewableprojects.D.Consumersarenotsufficientlyeducatedaboutenvironmentalissues.解析：本题考查问题分析。文章第5段提到"highinitialcosts"是主要障碍，并引用数据说明"manyfamiliescannotaffordtheupfrontinvestment"。选项B是地理限制而非根本原因；选项C与"manycountrieshavesubsidies"矛盾；选项D未提及教育问题。正确答案为A。9.Theauthor'stoneinthepassagecanbestbedescribedas______.A.sarcasticandcriticalB.optimisticandpersuasiveC.neutralandobjectiveD.anxiousandalarming解析：本题考查语篇分析。全文通过数据对比（如"renewableenergygrowthby30%annually"）和积极建议，传递出对未来的信心。选项A与"hopefulsolutions"不符；选项C忽略情感色彩；选项D过度渲染危机感。正确答案为B。10.Whatisthemostlogicalconclusionaboutthefutureofenvironmentalpolicies?A.Theywillbecomestricterbutlesseffectiveinthelongrun.B.Theywillfocusmoreontechnologicalinnovationthanbehavioralchange.C.Theywillrequireabalancebetweeneconomicdevelopmentandsustainability.D.Theywillmainlyrelyoninternationalagreementswithoutnationalaction.解析：本题考查推理判断。文章结尾强调"policiesmustsupportbothgrowthandplanetprotection"，暗示协同发展。选项A与"positivetrends"矛盾；选项B忽略个人责任；选项D与"country-specificmeasures"不符。正确答案为C。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagestatesthatdeforestationcontributestoclimatechangeby____________theEarth'snaturalcarbonsinks.参考答案：degrading解析：根据第2段"DeforestationreducesthenumberoftreesthatabsorbCO₂"，"degrading"（破坏）符合语境。2.Accordingtothestatisticsinthepassage,theglobaltemperaturehasrisenbyapproximately____________degreesCelsiussincetheIndustrialRevolution.参考答案：1.2解析：第1段图表显示"1.2°Cincrease"，填入数字即可。3.Theauthorsuggeststhatoneeffectivewaytoreduceplasticwasteisto____________athomeandwork.参考答案：turnoffelectronicdevices解析：第3段提到"switchtoreusablealternatives"（如布袋替代塑料袋），此处填入具体建议"turnoffelectronicdevices"（关闭电子设备）与原文逻辑一致。4.Thephrase"asilverbullet"inthepassagereferstoa____________solutiontoenvironmentalproblems.参考答案：quickandeasy解析：第4段对比"silverbullet"与"long-termstrategies"，表明其指代速效方案。5.Thepassagementionsthatrenewableenergysourceslikewindandsolarpowerareconsideredsustainablebecausethey____________finiteresources.参考答案：donotdeplete解析：第4段解释"windandsolarareinexhaustible"，填入"donotdeplete"（不消耗）准确。6.Accordingtothepassage,whatpercentageofChina'senergyconsumptioncomesfromrenewablesourcesasof2025?参考答案：20%解析：第5段数据明确指出"China'srenewableenergysharereached20%"。7.TheauthorusestheexampleoftheEuropeanUnion's"GreenDeal"toillustratehow____________policiescanpromoteenvironmentalinnovation.参考答案：governmental解析：第5段强调"EU'sambitioustargets"，表明政策驱动力。8.Thepassagesuggeststhatindividualactions,suchasusingpublictransportation,can____________toreducegreenhousegasemissions.参考答案：contributesignificantly解析：第3段提到"smallstepsaddup"，填入"contributesignificantly"（显著贡献）符合文意。9.Theauthorarguesthatwhileeconomicdevelopmentisimportant,itmustbe____________withenvironmentalprotectiontoensureasustainablefuture.参考答案：balancedwith解析：第6段核心观点为"economicgrowthandecologicalhealthmustcoexist"，填入"balancedwith"（与...平衡）准确。10.Thepassageconcludesbyencouragingreadersto____________intheircommunitiestosupportenvironmentalinitiatives.参考答案：participateactively解析：第6段呼吁"joinlocalclean-upcampaigns"，填入"participateactively"（积极参与）符合号召。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassageprimarilyfocusesontheeconomiccostsofimplementingrenewableenergysolutions.参考答案：False解析：文章强调经济与环境的双赢，而非成本问题。正确表述应为"economicbenefitsandenvironmentalgains"。2.Accordingtothepassage,allcountriesareequallyresponsibleforaddressingclimatechange,regardlessoftheirlevelofindustrialization.参考答案：True解析：第1段明确指出"developedanddevelopingnationssharetheburden"，符合全球共担原则。3.Theauthorsuggeststhatindividualeffortstoreducewasteareunnecessarybecausegovernmentsshouldhandleallenvironmentalissues.参考答案：False解析：第3段强调"individualresponsibilitycomplementspolicyefforts"，两者缺一不可。4.Thepassageimpliesthatsolarenergyisthemostefficientrenewablesourceavailabletoday.参考答案：False解析：文章未进行效率比较，仅提及"cost-effectiveness"（经济性）。5.TheexampleofChina's"GreenDeal"isusedtocriticizethecountry'senvironmentalpolicies.参考答案：False解析：第5段以正面案例说明政策成效，无批评意图。6.Theauthorbelievesthattechnologicalinnovationalonecansolveenvironmentalproblemswithoutanychangesinhumanbehavior.参考答案：False解析：第6段强调"technologyandlifestylechangesmustworktogether"。7.Thephrase"awin-winsituation"suggeststhatenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowtharemutuallyexclusive.参考答案：False解析：原文表明两者可协同发展，非对立关系。8.Thepassagesuggeststhatrecyclingprogramsarethemosteffectivesolutiontoplasticpollution.参考答案：False解析：文章列举多种方案并强调均衡性，未突出单一措施。9.Theauthorconcludesbyurgingreaderstoremainpassiveobserversofenvironmentalissues.参考答案：False解析：第6段号召"takeactionintheircommunities"，鼓励参与。10.Thepassagestatesthatdeforestationhasnoimpactonglobalcarbonlevels.参考答案：False解析：第2段明确指出"deforestationincreasesCO₂levels"，与题干相反。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainhowthepassagedefines"sustainabledevelopment"inthecontextofenvironmentalprotection.参考答案：Sustainabledevelopment,asdefinedinthepassage,referstothebalancedgrowthofeconomiesandsocietieswhileminimizingenvironmentalharm.Itinvolvesusingresourcesefficiently,reducingpollution,andensuringthatcurrentactionsdonotcompromisefuturegenerations'abilitytomeettheirneeds.Thepassagehighlightsrenewableenergy,wastereduction,andpolicysupportaskeycomponentsofthisapproach.解析：要点需覆盖：经济社会平衡、资源效率、污染控制、代际公平；结合原文第1段"harmonybetweendevelopmentandecology"和第6段"long-termviability"进行阐述。2.Describethemainargumenttheauthorusestopersuadereaderstoadopteco-friendlyhabits.参考答案：Theauthor'smainargumentisthatindividualactions,thoughsmall,collectivelycontributetosignificantenvironmentalimprovements.Byprovidingconcreteexamples(e.g.,turningofflights,usingreusablebags),theauthordemonstratesthatpersonalresponsibilityisbothfeasibleandimpactful.Thepassagealsolinksindividualbehaviortolargersystemicchanges,suggestingthatwidespreadadoptionofeco-friendlyhabitscandrivepolicyshifts.解析：需包含：个人行为影响、具体例子、集体效应、政策关联；结合第3段"smallstepsmatter"和第6段"communityinitiatives"分析。3.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethethreemostsignificantenvironmentalchallengesdiscussed?参考答案：Thepassageidentifiesthreemajorchallenges:(1)risingglobaltemperaturesduetogreenhousegasemissions(e.g.,CO₂fromfossilfuels);(2)deforestationandhabitatloss,whichreducenaturalcarbonsinks;and(3)plasticpollution,whichpersistsinecosystemsforcenturies.Theseissuesareinterconnected,asdeforestationexacerbatesclimatechange,andplasticwasteharmsbiodiversity.解析：需覆盖：温室气体排放、森林砍伐、塑料污染；结合第1段图表、第2段"treecoverdecline"和第3段"plasticwastecrisis"进行整合。4.Howdoesthepassageusedatatosupportitsargumentaboutrenewableenergy?参考答案：Thepassageusesdatatosubstantiateitsclaimsaboutrenewableenergyinseveralways:(1)itcitesstatisticsshowinga30%annualgrowthrateinrenewableenergyadoption;(2)itprovidesacomparisontablelistingcostsofsolarvs.coalover20years,demonstratinglong-termeconomicbenefits;and(3)itreferencesChina's20%renewableenergyshareasevidenceofpolicysuccess.Thesefigurescollectivelyarguethatrenewableenergyisbothviableandadvantageous.解析：需包含：增长数据、成本对比、国家案例；结合第4段图表和第5段"China'sGreenDeal"分析。5.Explaintheauthor'sviewontherelationshipbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotection.参考答案：Theauthorviewseconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotectionasinterdependentratherthancontradictory.Thepassagesuggeststhatsustainablegrowthcanbeachievedbyintegratingecologicalconsiderationsintobusinessmodels(e.g.,greenindustriescreatingjobs)andpolicy-making.Thephrase"awin-winsituation"isusedtodescribehowinvestmentsinrenewableenergyandpollutioncontrolcansimultaneouslyboosteconomicresilienceandecologicalhealth.解析：需包含：协同发展、政策融合、绿色经济；结合第6段"economicandecologicalbalance"和第4段"businessopportunities"分析。6.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleofgovernmentpoliciesinenvironmentalprotection?参考答案：Thepassageemphasizesthatgovernmentpoliciesarecrucialfordrivingenvironmentalchange,buttheymustbecomplementedbyindividualandcorporateefforts.Keypolicyrolesinclude:(1)settingambitioustargets(e.g.,theEU'sGreenDeal);(2)providingsubsidiesforrenewableenergyprojects;and(3)enforcingregulationsonpollution.However,theauthorwarnsthatpoliciesaloneareinsufficient,aspublicparticipationisequallyvital.解析：需包含：政策作用（目标设定、补贴、监管）、政府与公众协同；结合第5段"EUtargets"和第6段"policyandaction"分析。7.Describethepassage'stonetowardtechnologicalinnovationinsolvingenvironmentalproblems.参考答案：Thepassageadoptsacautiouslyoptimistictonetowardtechnologicalinnovation.Whileitacknowledgesthepotentialofadvancementslikesolarpanelsandwindturbines,italsocautionsagainstviewingthemas"silverbullets."Theauthorarguesthattechnologymustbepairedwithbehavioralchangesandsystemicreformstobetrulyeffective.Thetonesuggeststhatinnovationisatool,notasolutioninisolation.解析：需包含：谨慎乐观、技术工具性、需结合其他措施；结合第4段"notapanacea"和第6段"technologyandlifestyle"分析。8.Whatisthepassage'smainmessageaboutindividualresponsibilityinthefightagainstclimatechange?参考答案：Thepassageconveysthatindividualresponsibilityisbothnecessaryandempoweringinaddressingclimatechange.Itarguesthatsmallactions—suchasreducingwaste,conservingenergy,andsupportingeco-friendlypolicies—cancollectivelymakeameasurableimpact.Byframingpersonalchoicesascontributionstoalargermovement,theauthorinspiresreaderstotakeinitiativeratherthanfeelingpowerlessagainstglobalchallenges.解析：需包含：个人行动重要性、具体例子、集体效应、赋权感；结合第3段"turnofflights"和第6段"joincampaigns"分析。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouareahighschoolstudentlivinginacitywithhighairpollution.Writeashortproposal(150words)toyourschoolprincipalsuggestingthreepracticalstepstheschoolcouldtaketoreduceenvironmentalimpact.Includespecificexamplesofactionsandexplainhowtheywouldhelp.参考答案：Subject:ProposalforSchoolEnvironmentalInitiativesDearPrincipal,Iamwritingtoproposethreemeasurestoimproveourschool'senvironmentalperformance.First,wecouldinstallsolarpanelsontherooftogeneratecleanenergy,reducingrelianceonfossilfuels.Second,weshouldimplementacampus-widerecyclingprogram,sortingpaper,plastic,andfoodwaste.Third,wecouldorganizemonthly"GreenFridays"witheco-friendlyworkshops(e.g.,reusablebagmaking).Theseactionswouldlowercarbonemissions,teachsustainability,andfostercommunityengagement.Studiesshowschoolswithsimilarprogramssee30%wastereduction.Let’sleadbyexample!Thankyou.解析：评分标准：三点具体行动（太阳能、回收、活动）、合理性解释（减排、教育、参与）、数据支持（30%wastereduction）、语言正式。2.Imagineyouareajournalistcoveringthe2025UNClimateConference.Writeashortreport(200words)summarizingthekeyagreementsreachedbyparticipatingnations.参考答案：Headline:NationsAgreeonCarbonCutsandGreenFundingat2025ClimateSummitLeadersfrom190countriesadoptedthe"GlobalGreenTransformationAccord,"committingtocutemissionsby45%by2030.Keymeasuresinclude:(1)doublingrenewableenergyinvestmentsto$1trillionannually;(2)establishinga$100billionfundfordevelopingnationstotransitiontocleanenergy;and(3)phasingoutcoalsubsidiesglobally.Theaccordalsomandatesstrictervehicleemissionstandardsandpromotesreforestation.ChinaandtheEUpledgedtoachievecarbonneutralityby2035,whiletheUSannounceda$50billiondomesticgreenjobsinitiative.Criticsnoteenforcementmechanismsremainweak,buttheagreementmarksthefirstunifiedpolicyframeworksincetheParisAccord.解析：评分标准：关键协议（数字量化、资金、具体措施）、国家承诺、争议点提及、新闻语言（客观、简洁）。3.Yourlocalcommunityisdebatingwhethertobuildanewcoal-firedpowerplantorinvestinwindandsolarfarms.Writealetter(200words)tothecitycouncilarguingforrenewableenergy.参考答案：Subject:UrgingRenewableEnergyOverCoalTotheCityCouncil,Iopposethecoalplantproposalduetoitslong-termcostsandenvironmentalharm.Whilecoalprovidesimmediatepower,renewableenergyisnowmoreaffordable:solarcosts60%lessthancoalover20years(IEA2024).Windandsolaralsocreatejobs—every$1Minrenewablesfunds3xmorejobsthancoal(BLSdata).Moreover,coalpollutes:itemits50%moreCO₂thansolarandcausesrespiratoryillnesses.Thecity’sGreenDealgoalrequirescleanenergy.Let’sinvestinasustainablefuture—windturbinesandsolarpanelswillsave$200Minhealthcarecostsoveradecade.Renewableprojectsareproven,profitable,andhealthierforourcommunity.解析：评分标准：成本对比（数据）、就业优势、污染问题、政策关联、呼吁行动。4.Designaone-weekpersonalactionplan(150words)toreduceyourenvironmentalfootprint.Includethreespecificdailyhabitsandexplaintheirimpact.参考答案：Week1Eco-Challenge5.Turnoffelectronicswhennotinuse—saves10%householdenergy(EPA).6.Usereusablebags—reduces300plasticbags/year(UNEP).7.Walkinsteadofdriving—cuts1tonCO₂annually(NASA).Impact:Thesesmallchangescollectivelyloweremissions,conserveresources,andsetapositiveexample.Forinstance,unpluggingdevicessaves$50/yearinelectricity.Walkingavoids2,000gofCO₂pertrip.Bytrackingprogress,I’llstaymotivatedandinspirepeers.Let’sstarttoday!解析：评分标准：三点具体习惯（数据支持）、影响解释、激励性语言。8.Supposeyourschoolwantstohosta"ZeroWasteDay."Writeabriefplan(200words)outliningactivitiesandgoals.参考答案：ZeroWasteDayPlanGoal:Reducecampuswasteby70%throughsegregationandreuse.-Activities:9.WasteAudit—studentssorttrashintolandfillsvs.recycling.10.ReuseStation—donateoldsuppliesforartprojects.11.Eco-Fair—localvendorssellsustainableproducts.-Outcomes:Teachwastehierarchy(reduce,reuse,recycle)andquantifycampusimpact.-Follow-up:Launchapermanent"WasteWarriors"club.Studiesshowschoolswithsimilardayscutwasteby65%(GreenSchoolsAlliance).Thiseventwillfosterenvironmentalhabitsandcommunitypride.解析：评分标准：活动多样性、量化目标、教育意义、可持续性建议。12.Createashortinfographic(text-baseddescription,150words)promotingwat