物流专业英语习题及答案

《物流专业英语》Unit1Whatislogistics?什么是物流？Keytotheexercises练习答案

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

Whatisthedefinitionoflogistics?Logistics,inanarrowsense,istheflowandstorageofgoods.AccordingtotheCouncilofLogisticsManagementofUSA,“Logisticsisthatpartofthesupplychainprocessthatplans,implementsandcontrolstheefficient,effectiveflowandstorageofgoods,serviceandrelatedinformationfromthepointoforigintothepointofconsumptiontomeetcustomers’requirements.”2.Willanindividualconsumerchoosetogostraighttoamanufacturerandbuytheitemsbyhimself?Whynot?Anindividualconsumerrarelygostraighttothemanufacturerbecausethetotallogisticscostofdirectpurchasefromthemanufacturerisprohibitiveforanyindividual(2.6timesasmuchastheretailpriceintheabovecase),thoughitspurchasepriceismuchlowerthantheretailprice.3.Whydomostindividualconsumersgotoaretailoutletinsteadofgoingtothemanufactureriftheywanttobuysomething?Thereasonthatmostindividualconsumersgotoaretailoutletinsteadofgoingtothemanufactureristhatthecustomerpaysahigherretailpriceinexchangeforeaseofshoppingandexemptionofthetime-consumingtraveltothemanufacturer,inadditiontoalowertotalcost.4.Whyistheretailpricehigherthantheex-factoryprice?TheCocaColasoftdrinkproductmovesbythetypicalsupplychain.Theretailpriceishigherbecausevalueisaddedtotheproductasitpassesthrougheachnodeinthesupplychain.5.Whatarethescopeoflogisticsactivities?Logisticsactivitiesareextensiveandconsistofvariouscomponentssuchastransport,inventorymanagement,customersupport,purchasing,warehousing,financingsupportandsoon.

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:Manufacturerex-factorypriceretailpricedirectpurchaseeaseofshoppingexemptionofthetime-consumingtravelmovementsofgoods/productsupplychaineachnodeinthesupplychainflowandstorageofgoodslogisticsprofessionalsplan,implementandcontrolpointoforiginpointofconsumptiontomeetcustomers’requirements生产厂家出厂价零售价直接采购轻松购物免除耗时的旅行商品/产品的流转供应链供应链中的每个节点商品的流动及储存物流专业人士规划、实施及控制原产地消费地满足客户要求

3.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish:运输库存管理客户支持融资支持仓储采购实体配送实体物资的配送资源的整合与优化提高效率降低成本增值过程transportinventorymanagementcustomersupportfinancingsupportwarehousingpurchasephysicaldistributiondistributionofphysicalgoodsintegrationandoptimizationofresourcesefficiencyincreasecostreductionavalue-addedprocess4.Subjectforself-study:Alogisticsfunctionchart物流功能图LogisticsanalysisProposedoptionsSystemdesign

TransportationDistributionWarehousingAdministrativeServicesTracking/ReportingLogisticsanalysisProposedoptionsSystemdesign

TransportationDistributionWarehousingAdministrativeServicesTracking/Reporting分析发展服务及整合物流分析所提议的选择方案系统设计运输配送仓储行政服务跟踪/报告TheEnd《物流专业英语教程》Unit2Movementofgoods商品的流转Keytotheexercises练习答案

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

1.Howdoyouunderstandcustomerinclination?Acustomercanexhibithisinclinationinmanyaspects,e.g.inbrand,quality,size,colour,service,etc.,buthisfirstinclinationisavailabilityofgoods,whichmeanshedesirestoseetheproductonshelfwhenheentersthestore.Withoutavailabilityofgoods,customerinclinationwouldbeoutofthequestion.2.Whatisproduction?Productionistheactorprocessofconvertingrawmaterialsintosemi-finishedgoodsorfinishedgoodsreadyforsale/delivery.3.Whatisdistribution?Distributionistheactorprocessofmovinggoods/product(semi-finishedorfinished)tovariouslocations/customers.Usuallymanufacturersfocusonproduction,whilelogisticscompaniesengageindistributionofgoods.4.Whatisthe“7R”theory?Logisticsissometimesdescribedasachievingthe“sevenrights”:gettingtherightthing,intherightquantity,intherightquality,totherightplace,attherighttime,intherightcondition,attherightprice.5.Whatarethefourkeyaspectsoflogistics?Inplanninganymovement-relatedoperations,thelogisticsmanagermustbeawareofthefourkeyaspectsoflogistics,namely,outcome,sequence,timingandlocation,andconsiderthemcomprehensivelyinconjunctionwiththepracticalsituationofhisindividualcompany.Onlyinsodoing,canthebestoutcomebeproduced.

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:customerinclination

barringaccidents

availabilityofgoods

retailoutlet

movementofgoods

brand,quality,size,colour

productionanddistribution

rawmaterials

semi-finishedgoods

finishedgoods

客户倾向如无意外商品的现货性零售网点商品的流转品牌、质量、大小、颜色生产及流通原材料，原料半成品成品11.distributionofgoods

12.complexityandsubstantiality

13.outsource

14.aspecializedcompany

15.ThirdPartyLogistics(3PL)

11.商品的流通（配送）12.复杂性及艰巨性13.使外包14.专业公司15.第三方物流

3.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish:核心生产经营专门技术设计、协调及控制与流转相关的活动结果、顺序、时机选择及地点综合考虑…制订前瞻性的计划以结果为导向的困难及制约因素提高效率core

productionoperation

expertise

design,coordinateandcontrol

movements-relatedactivities

outcome,sequence,timingandlocation

consider…comprehensively

makeforward-lookingplans

outcome-oriented

difficultiesandconstraints

enhanceefficiency

11.避免僵局或混乱12.提高总体绩效13.使整个经营停止14.时序安排和时序再安排15.制订最佳方案11.avoiddeadlockorchaos

12.improveoverallperformance

13.haltthewholeoperation.

14.schedulingandrescheduling

15.workoutanoptimalscheme

4.Subjectforself-study:AdistributionchartAdistributionchart:配送图

运输和物流应用包裹贴标签配送商中心仓库车队管理Adistributionchart:配送图TheEnd《物流专业英语教程》Unit3Thesupplychainconcept供应链概念Keytotheexercises练习答案

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

Whatisasupplychain?Asupplychainisanetworkofretailers,distributors,transporters,storagefacilities,andsuppliersthatparticipateintheproduction,saleanddeliveryofaproducttotheconsumer.Thesupplychainistypicallymadeupofmultiplecompanieswhocoordinateactivitiestosetthemselvesapartfromthecompetition.2.Whatarethethreekeypartsofasupplychain?Asupplychainhasthreekeyparts:Supplyfocusesontherawmaterialssuppliedtomanufacturing,includinghow,when,andfromwhatlocationManufacturingfocusesonconvertingtheserawmaterialsintofinishedproducts.Distributionfocusesonensuringtheseproductsreachtheconsumersthroughanorganizednetworkofdistributors,warehouses,andretailers.3.Whatisthesupplychainstrategy?Asupplychainstrategydefineshowthesupplychainshouldoperateinordertocompeteinthemarket.Thestrategyevaluatesthebenefitsandcostsrelatingtotheoperation.Whileabusinessstrategyfocusesontheoveralldirectionacompanywishestopursue,supplychainstrategyfocusesontheactualoperationsoftheorganizationandthesupplychainthatwillbeusedtomeetaspecificgoal.4.Whatissupplychainmanagement?Supplychainmanagement,then,istheactivemanagementofsupplychainactivitiestomaximizecustomervalueandachieveasustainablecompetitiveadvantage.Itrepresentsaconsciouseffortbythesupplychainfirmstodevelopandrunsupplychainsinthemosteffectivewayspossible.Supplychainactivitiescovereverythingfromproductdevelopment,sourcing,production,andlogistics,aswellastheinformationsystemsneededtocoordinatetheseactivities.

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:retailers,distributors,transporters

storagefacilities

production,saleanddeliveryofaproduct

rawmaterials

finishedproducts

distributedtothefinalusers

retailoutlets

anelementofthesupplychain

differentproductsorsectors

physicaldistribution

recycling

routeforecasts

零售商，配送商，运输商储存设施产品的生产，销售和交付原材料成品配送给最终用户零售网点供应链的要素不同的产品或行业实体配送，实物配送回收线路预测13.infrastructurecapacityassessment

14.loadfactor

15.estimationandcosting

16.vehicleallocation/procurement

13.基础设施容量估算14.装载系数15.估算及成本核算16.车辆布置/采购

3.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish:因特网技术、金融及其它许多行业在市场上竞争效益及成本公司的总方向达到特定目标供应链管理核心理念产品库存累积性努力脱节的供应链最大化客户价值可持续竞争性优势internettechnology,finance,andmanyotherindustries

competeinthemarket

benefitsandcosts

overalldirectionacompany

meetaspecificgoal

supplychainmanagement(SCM)

coreideas

productstocks

cumulativeeffort

disjointedsupplychains

maximizecustomervalue

asustainablecompetitiveadvantage

13.有意识的努力14.实体流，实物流15.信息流16.供应链的上下游13.consciouseffort

14.physicalflows

15.informationflows

16.upanddownthesupplychain

4.Subjectforself-study:anSCMchart售后服务专注于物流全欧洲生产工厂及测试自动化采购及计划新产品引进设计及工程学TheEnd《物流专业英语教程》Unit4Howsupplychainswork供应链的工作原理Keytotheexercises练习答案

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

1.WhatarethethreeflowsinSCM?SCMcanbedividedintothreemainflows:Theproductflowormaterialsflowincludesmovinggoodsfromsuppliertoconsumeraswellasdealingwithcustomerserviceneeds.Theinformationflowincludesorderinformationanddeliverystatus.Thefinancialflowincludespaymentsschedules,credittermsandadditionalarrangements.2.WhatistheBullwhipEffect?Thebullwhipeffect(orwhiplasheffect)isanobservedphenomenoninforecast-drivendistributionchannels.Itreferstoatrendoflargerandlargerswingsininventoryinresponsetochangesindemand.TheconceptfirstappearedinJayForrester'sIndustrialDynamics(1961)andthusitisalsoknownastheForrestereffect.Sincetheoscillatingdemandupstreamasupplychainisreminiscentofacrackingwhip,itbecameknownasthebullwhipeffect.3.WhatistheMTOsystem?Themake-to-order（MTO）system,alsoknownasthepullsystem,meansthatthemanufacturerdoesnotbegintomaketheproductuntilorunlessafteritreceivestheorderfromthecustomer.MTOisanorder-drivensupplychainmodelinwhich,themanufacturerdoesnotholdinventoriesinusualcases.4.WhatistheMTSsystem?AsopposedtoMTO,themake-to-stock(MTS)system,orpushsystem,isasupplychainmodelinwhichthemanufacturermakestheproductionanddistributiondecisionsonthebasisofmarketforecasts.Productionplannersforecastandestimatetheeffectivedemandandinventoriesareheldinwarehousesandattheretailers.MTSisaforecast-drivensupplychainmodel.5.WhatisVMI?Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowthinVMI(vendor-managedinventory),inwhichvendorsmonitorcustomersales(orconsumption)andinventoriesthroughelectronicdatainterchange(EDI),anddecidewhenandhowtoreplenishtheircustomers.Vendorsarethusabletoachievecostsavingsthroughabettercoordinationofcustomerdeliverieswhilecustomersdonotneedtoallocatecostlyresourcestoinventorymanagement.6.Whatareforwardlogisticsandreverselogistics?Forwardlogisticsisasupplychainprocessinwhichtheproducttravelsfrommanufacturertocustomerviadistributors,retailersetc.However,therearecaseswheregoodsneedtobereturnedandmakeareversetravelfromcustomertothemanufacturer.Thisiscalledreverselogistics.7.Whatareinbound,intra-organdoutboundlogistics?Thesupplyofmaterialstothemanufacturingprocessisinboundlogistics.Movementofmaterialswithintheplantasinpackingandstorageprocessesisinternalorintra-orglogistics.Theonwardmovementofmaterials(orfinishedproducts)tothenextnode(distributorsorcustomers)inthesupplychainisoutboundlogistics.

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:integration,coordinationandcontrol

financialflow

paymentsschedules

creditterms

bullwhipeffect

distributionchannels

swingsininventory

oscillatingdemand

misreadormiscalculate

orderbatching

recession

make-to-order（MTO）system

整合、协调及控制资金流，金流付款安排时间表赊账条款牛鞭效应流通渠道存货量的摇摆震荡的需求量误读或误算订单计量萧条，不景气订货型生产系统，按订单生产系统13.make-to-stock(MTS)system

14.anorder-drivensupplychainmodel

15.marketforecasts

16.forecast-drivensupplychainmodel

13.备货型生产系统，按库存生产系统14.订单驱动式供应链模型15.市场预测16.预测驱动型供应链模型

3.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish:最小化库存量广泛的销售网络监控存货量下订购单供应商管理库存电子数据交换网给客户进货取得成本节约把昂贵的资源分配给存货管理正向物流逆向物流商品的逆向流转minimizethestocklevels

anextensivesalesnetwork

monitortheinventorylevels

placepurchaseorders

VMIvendor-managedinventory

EDIelectronicdatainterchangereplenishthecustomers

achievecostsavings

allocatecostlyresourcestoinventorymanagement

forwardlogistics

reverselogistics

reversemovementofgoods

13.在缺陷商品，问题商品14.再利用或回收15.未交付或无法交付的商品16.内向物流17.内部或公司内物流18.外向物流13.faultygoods

14.reuseorrecycling

15.undeliveredorundeliverablegoods

16.inboundlogistics

17.internalorintra-orglogistics

18.outboundlogistics

4.Subjectforself-study:aprocurementchartAprocurementchart:

Aprocurementchart:材料供应图

索尼材料供应活动通过做一个好法人公民的努力来促进索尼的品牌价值通过创新技术和零件来达到具有竞争力的产品通过降低材料成本和提高运营效率来强化赢利能力TheEnd《物流专业英语教程》Unit5Informationtechnologyinlogistics信息技术在物流中Keytotheexercises练习答案

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

1.WhatisICT?ICT,shortfor‘informationandcommunicationtechnology’,istheuseofelectronicprocessingmediaforthecollection,analysisandevaluationofdata,andthetransferofinformationfromonepointtoanother.2.Whatarethefourkeythemesofthelogistics-relatedinformationtechnology?Thereareavarietyoftechnologicaltrendsandinnovationswhichhaveanimpactontheuseofinformationtechnologyinlogistics.However,themajortrendscanbegroupedintofourkeythemes.Thesethemesareimportanttothecurrentandfutureuseofinformationtechnologytosupportlogisticsoperationsacrossallindustrysectors.Thefourkeythemesareconcernedwith:integrationandflexibility;EDI;hardware;andcommunicationstechnology.3.Whatarethepurposesfortheintegrationoflogisticsinformation?Thesuccessfulintegrationofinformationwithinanorganizationisapowerfulenablerfor:reducedcosts;increasedproductivity;andimprovedcustomerservice.4.Whatistheobjectiveofmakingindividualmodulesofsupplychainsoftwarepackagesassmallaspossible?Individualmodulesneedtobeassmallaspossibleifmaximumflexibilityistobeachieved.Increasingly,supplychainsoftwarepackagesarebeingdeveloped,takingfulladvantageofobject-orientedtechnology.Softwarepackagesarenowbeingstructuredfromhundredsofmodules,eachofwhichcanbeamendedasrequired.Thisenhancedlevelofflexibilityenablesorganizationstomodifyandenhancetheirsupplychainsystemsastheirbusinessneedschange.Theobjectiveistoeliminatetheneedforfull-scalesystemsreplacementorapplicationsredevelopment.

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:competitiveadvantage

distributionchannels

productionprocesses

customers’expectations

enablingfactor

informationtechnology(IT)

marginerosion

beinstrumentalto

ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI)

InformationAndCommunicationTechnology(ICT)

竞争性优势流通渠道生产工序客户期望值促成因素信息技术（IT）利润侵蚀有助于…电子数据交换（EDI）信息及通信技术（ICT）11.collection,analysisandevaluation

12.suppliers,contractors,andcustomers

11.收集、分析和评价12.供应商、承包商和客户

3.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish:一体化及灵活性强有力的促进成因提高生产率降低成本交易处理系统在多国的多个仓库一体化系统提供实时可见性需求预测库存量生产计划先进的决策支持系统integrationandflexibility

apowerfulenabler

increaseproductivity

reducecosts

transactionprocessingsystems

multiplewarehousesinmultiplecountries

integratedsystems

providerealtimevisibility

demandforecast

inventorylevels

productionschedules

sophisticateddecisionsupportsystems

13.模块化解决方案14.最大化灵活性15.以目标为导向的技术16.全方位的系统13.modularsolutions

14.maximumflexibility

15.object-orientedtechnology

16.full-scalesystems

4.Subjectforself-study:aKPIchart

步骤1

确认所需要的结果步骤2

建立目标并测试步骤3

开发KPI并测试步骤4

建立KPI问责制框架步骤5

推出KPI系统开发关键绩效指标（KPIs)你所检测的就是你所得到的

TheEnd《物流专业英语教程》Unit6Informationtechnologyinlogistics信息技术在物流中Keytotheexercises练习答案

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

1.WhatisEDI?ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI)referstothestructuredtransmissionofdatabetweenorganizationsbyelectronicmeans.Itisusedtotransferelectronicdocumentsfromonecomputersystemtoanother,i.e.fromonetradingpartnertoanothertradingpartner.2.WhataretheareasinwhichEDIcanbeapplied?CurrentlyEDIcanbeappliedin:interactive,query-responsetransactions;tradedatainterchange;electronicfundstransfer;andtechnicaldatainterchange.

3.WhatarethemajorbenefitsofEDI?WithalloftheseEDIlinksinplacebetweensuppliers,manufacturers,retailers,customersandthebanks,atotallypaperlesssupplychainisnowpossible.ThisisthekeystrategicbenefitofEDI–asanenablerforclosersupplychainrelationships.EDIlinksorganizationsalongthesupplychainsotheycanworkmorecloselytogethertotheirmutualbenefit.TheotherbenefitofEDIconsistsofimprovedinternaleffectivenessandefficiencyandtheconsequentialreductioninadministrativecosts.ThesavingsintimeandresourcesfromtheuseofEDItoautomateadministrativeprocessesarelargeandimmediate.(Figure1isapracticalEDIsystem.)4.WhatisEPOS?Electronicpointofsale(EPOS)technologyisthecaptureofdataonelectronicfilesatthepointwhereasaletakesplace.EPOSdataissentviaEDItotheretailer’sregionalwarehousesandtotheirheadquarters.

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:transferelectronicdocuments

tradingpartner

billoflading

check

query-responsetransaction

electronicfundstransfer

technicaldatainterchange

purchaseorder

deliverynotification

invoice

apaperlesssupplychain

effectivenessandefficiency

传输电子文件交易伙伴提单，提货单支票询问答复式交易电子资金转账技术数据交换订购单交货通知单发票无纸传输信息的供应链，无纸化供应链效力与效率13.administrativecost

14.savingsintimeandresources

15.automateadministrativeprocesses

16.electronicpointofsale(EPOS)technology

17.captureofdata

18.leadtime

13.管理成本14.时间和资源方面的节约15.使管理程序自动化16.电子销售点（EPOS）17.采集数据18.前置期

3.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish:缺货更小、更快、更廉价计算机内存和处理器硬件性能计算能力成本限制空间限制手提式条型码扫读器自动识别贴标签可追溯性，可跟踪性可靠和灵活stockout

smaller,fasterandcheaper

computermemoryandprocessor

hardwareperformance

computingpower

costconstraint

spaceconstraint

hand-heldbarcodescanner

automaticidentification

labeling

traceability

secureandresilient

13.是…的前提14.增值网15.移动通信16.接续传播17.车辆地点18.交货状况19.口头信息20.分组交换移动信息13.beaprerequisitefor

14.valueaddednetwork

15.mobilecommunication

16.relay

17.vehiclelocation

18.deliverystatus

19.verbalinformation

20.packetswitchedmobiledata

4.Subjectforself-study:anEDIchart

遗产系统联接EDI/XML您的供应商您的公司您的客户具有EDI/XML的供应商任何其它数据库客户数据库WMS不具有EDI/XML的供应商通过网络形式不具有EDI/XML的供应商通过网络形式具有EDI/XML的客户数据通信数据通信交换业务文件交换业务文件遗产系统联接EDI/XML本图中的一些缩写提示：

1.CRM:客户关系管理(CustomerRelationshipManagement)

2.ERP:企业资源计划(EnterpriseResourcePlanning)

3.XML:可扩展标记语言（eXtensibleMarkupLanguage）。指计算机所能理解的信息符号，通过此种标记，计算机之间可以处理包含各种信息的文章等。

4.WMS:仓贮管理系统（WarehousingManagementSystem）TheEnd《物流专业英语教程》Unit7E-businessanditsapplicationinlogistics电子商务及其在物流中的应用Keytotheexercises练习答案

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

1.Whatise-business?E-business,ore-commerce,referstotheprocessingofbusinesstransactionsviaelectronicmeansandwithdigitalizeddata.2.Whatsortofdatacanbetransmittedine-business?Thisdatacanbetexts,images,sound,videoorthecombinationthereof,whicharetransmittedovereitheropennetworksliketheWorldWideWeb,oroverclosednetworksliketheIntranetandExtranet.3.Whatarethefeaturesoflogisticsine-business?Incomparisonwiththeconventionallogisticssystem,thee-basedlogisticssystemhasthefollowingfeatures:ThewholesystemisinfinitelyopenInformationmanagementisfulfilledinallnodesoflogisticsTheinformationflowplaystheroleofdirectingandintegratinginthelogisticsprocess4.Whataretherequirementsofe-basedlogistics?Whileupgradingthelogisticsperformance,thee-basedlogisticssystemalsoposesspecificrequirementstoeachlinksoflogisticsoperationinafulldimensioninthate-basedlogisticsrequiresthat:theleveloflogisticsoperationbeupliftedstandardization,informationthecapabilityofspeedyresponsebeelevatedhighspeed,systemizationthelogisticsdynamicschedulingcapacitybeimprovedindividuality,flexibilitythestatusoflogisticrunningbetransformedsocialization,globalization

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:businesstransactionelectronicmeansdigitalizeddatatransmitWorldWideWebopennetworksclosednetworksIntranetExtranete-basedvendorquotationsysteminfinitelyopennodesoflogistics业务交易电子方式数字化数据传输，传播万维网开放式网络封闭式网络企业内部互联网，内网企业外部互联网，外网电子商务供应商报价系统无限开放物流节点

3.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish:规模优势物流绩效全方位标准化快速响应系统化动态调配能力个性化灵活性物流状况社会化全球化信息流商流金流

advantagesofscale

logisticsperformance

fulldimension

standardization

speedyresponse

systemization

dynamicschedulingcapacity

individuality

flexibility

thestatusoflogistic

socialization

globalization

informationflow

businessflow

financeflow4.Subjectforself-study:ane-basedvendorquotationsystemE-basedvendorquotationsystem电子商务供应商报价系统Figure1:ane-basedvendorquotationsystem创建报价查看现货输入产品确定并维持状况给客户发送报价产品创建活动监督报价状态系统检查现货状况卖方E-basedvendorquotationsystem电子商务供应商报价系统Figure1Ane-basedvendorquotationsystem图1电子商务供应商报价系统TheEnd《物流专业英语》Unit8Thelogisticsoperationprocess物流作业程序Keytotheexercises练习答案

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

Whataretheformsoflogisticsoperationprocess?Themajorformsoflogisticsoperationprocessincluderawmaterials,production,product,packing,warehousing,handling,departure,shipment(road/rail/sea/air),untildeliverytoendcustomer.2.Whatarethemajorformsoflogisticsshipment?Theyareshipper-centeredshipment,railorseacarrier-centeredshipmentandthird-partyfreightforwarder-centeredshipment.3.Whatisshipper-centeredshipment?Inthismode,themanufacturercoordinatewiththetransportoperators,beitroad,rail,sea,orairoperators,andjointlyassumedthemissionofsupplylogisticstotheshipper.4.Whatisrailorseacarrier-centeredshipment?Themanufacturersourcesgoodsandthenarrangesshipment,whichmeansthemanufactureroutsourcesitstrunkmovementtoacarrier.5.Whatisthird-partyfreightforwarder-centeredshipment?Athird-partyfreightforwardersourcesgoodsandofferswhole-courseshipment,providing“all-inclusive”services.

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:freightforwarderwhole-courseshipmentreceiptofordercombinedtransporttrunkmovementallinclusiveservicesshipperfeasibleinusualcasessupplementcarriercompatible货代全程运输收到订单联运干线运输一条龙服务发货人，货主可行的在通常情况下补充承运人匹配的

3.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish:根据，依照…关于…对…产生影响不可避免地，必然地使协调调整偏好普遍的，流行的承担组织货源onthebasisofwithregardtohaveanimpactoninevitablecoordinateadjustpreferenceprevalentassumesourcegoods

4.Subjectforself-study:Alogisticsoperationprocesschart.CargopickupFigure2Asupplementedlogisticsoperationprocess图2经过补充的物流操作程序TheEnd《物流专业英语》Unit9Thelogisticsdistributionprocess(1)物流配送程序(1)Keytotheexercises练习答案

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

1.Whatisthedefinitionofdistribution?Distributionisalogisticsenddeliveryserviceinwhichgoodsmovefromsuppliertouserwithinarelativelyfixeddistanceandtimespan.2.Whatarethemajoractivitiesthatdistributionincludes?Itincludesboththephysicalmovementofgoodsandhandlingofrelatedprocedures.3.Whatdoesdistributionfocuson?Distributionfocusesoncustomersatisfactionandaimsatcostreduction.Itsoperationisoftencentralizedandintegratedwithinaspecificcoverarea.4.Howdoesdistributiondifferfromtransport?Distributiondiffersfromtransportinthat:Transportistrunkmovementbetweentwopoints/places,usuallyoveralongerdistance,whiledistributionisatailendtransportbetweentwoormoreplacesoverashorterdistance,eg.withinatownorseveraltownswithinthereachoftheoperator.Transportisoftenplace-orientedwhiledistributioniscustomer-oriented.Transportisusuallyaone-timeservicewhiledistributionisakindofrepeatingorreoccurringservice.Transportisrelativelysimpleinprocedureswhiledistributionofteninvolvescomplexprocedures.5.Whatarethemajorstepsofatypicaldistributionprocess?Ingeneral,atypicalDCmayexecutethefollowingoperationprocesses:stock-up,storage,processing,shipment,multipartloads,picking/groupageanddeliveryservice.

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:stock-upstorageprocessingshipmentmultipartloadspicking/groupagedeliveryservicefixeddistanceandtimespanprocedurecustomersatisfactioncostreductionspecificcoverarea备货储存加工装运配装分拣/配货交货服务固定距离及时间跨度程序，手续客户满意度成本降低特定覆盖区域

3.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish:末端递送服务干线运输末端运输在运营商的范围内以地点为导向的以客户为导向的配送能力配送驱动型服务有区别化的不无根据enddeliveryservicetrunkmovementtailendtransportwithinthereachoftheoperatorplace-orientedcustomer-orienteddistributioncapacityadistribution-drivense