2026中国进出口银行招聘考试（英语）历年参考题库含答案详解

2026中国进出口银行招聘考试（英语）历年参考题库含答案详解一、选择题从给出的选项中选择正确答案（共100题）1、在下列句子中，哪个词最适合填入空格？Thebankhasastrongintheinternationalfinancialmarkets.A.impactB.influenceC.effectD.impression2、Thereportbythecommitteelastmonthhasbeenwidelydiscussed.A.submittedB.wassubmittedC.hadbeensubmittedD.submitting3、Iftheinterestrateslower,morecompanieswouldhaveexpandedtheiroperationslastyear.A.wereB.hadbeenC.areD.wouldbe4、Theterm"inflation"ismostcloselyrelatedtowhichofthefollowingconcepts?A.DecreaseinpurchasingpowerB.IncreaseinnationaldebtC.ReductioninemploymentD.Riseinstockprices5、Themanagersuggestedthatallemployeesthemeetingbefore9a.m.A.attendB.attendedC.shouldattendD.wouldattend6、Whichwordisclosestinmeaningto"amortize"?A.AccumulateB.GraduallyrepayovertimeC.CancelcompletelyD.Increasegradually7、Thedatacollectedfrom2019to2025showsaclearupwardtrendintradevolume.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom8、Theprefix"re-"intheword"reallocate"indicates:A.OppositeactionB.DoingagainorbackC.StrongemphasisD.Negativemeaning9、Theboardofdirectorswasresponsibleforthenewinvestmentstrategy.A.developingB.todevelopC.developD.developed10、"Fiduciaryduty"inbankingreferstotheobligationto:A.MaximizepersonalprofitsB.ActinthebestinterestoftheclientC.MinimizeoperationalcostsD.Expandmarketshareaggressively11、Thenewpolicywillintoeffectnextquarter,asannouncedbythecentralbank.A.comeB.goC.takeD.become12、在下列选项中，哪个词与"subsidize"（subsidize）意思最接近？A.toborrowB.toprovidefinancialassistancetoreducecostsC.tocollecttaxesfromthepublicD.toinvestinforeignstocks13、Ifthecentralbank_theinterestrateby0.5percentlastmonth,theinflationwouldhavebeencontainedearlier.A.hadloweredB.loweredC.wouldlowerD.haslowered14、Theinternationalsettlementoftradegoodsrequiresbankstohandlecurrencyexchangecarefully.Theword"settlement"inthiscontextmostlikelymeans_A.alegaldisputeresolutionB.thefinalcompletionofpaymentobligationsC.thephysicallocationofabusinessD.aquarterlyfinancialreport15、Bythetimetheannualreportwaspublished,thebank_allthenon-performingloans.A.haswrittenoffB.hadwrittenoffC.wroteoffD.wouldwriteoff16、Thebank'sboardofdirectorsvotedto_thecreditlimitforthemultinationalcorporation.A.expandB.expandableC.expansionD.expansively17、Accordingtothepassagebelow,whatistheprimaryfunctionofacorrespondentbank?

"Acorrespondentbankisafinancialinstitutionthatmaintainsaccountsonbehalfofanotherbank,typicallytofacilitatecross-borderpaymentsandprovideliquidityservicestothecorrespondingbank."A.TosetnationalmonetarypolicyB.Tomaintainaccountsandfacilitatecross-borderpaymentsforanotherbankC.ToissuegovernmentbondsD.Toregulatedomesticbankingoperations18、Theeconomiccommittee,_hadissuedthewarninglastquarter,decidedtolowertheriskratingfurther.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom19、Theprefix"de-"intheword"deregulation"mostlikelyindicates_A.anincreaseoradditionB.areversalorremovalC.acompletetransformationintosomethingnewD.agradualimprovement20、Nosoonerhadthetreasurerannouncedthemerger_thestockpricesurgedby15percent.A.whenB.thanC.untilD.before21、Inbankingterminology,"collateral"refersto_A.atypeofinterest-bearingdepositB.anassetpledgedassecurityforaloanC.theannualdividenddistributedtoshareholdersD.agovernment-mandatedreserverequirement22、Whichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallycorrect?A.Thedataisbeingrevisedbytheauditteam.B.Thedataarebeingrevisedbytheauditteam.C.Thedatawerebeingrevisedbytheauditteam.D.Thedatasarebeingrevisedbytheauditteam.23、Thebankisrequiredtosubmitadetailed_ofallcross-bordertransactionsexceedingthereportingthreshold.A.disclosureB.discloseC.disclosedD.disclosing24、Shouldthecounterpartyfailtomeetitspaymentobligations,thebankwill_thecollateralandinitiatelegalproceedings.A.liquidateB.legitimateC.legalizeD.liquefy25、Thephrase"adouble-edgedsword"inthecontextoffinancialinnovationmostappropriatelymeans_A.atoolthatiscompletelysafeandrisk-freeB.aninnovationthatbringsbothbenefitsandriskssimultaneouslyC.aweaponusedexclusivelybymilitarybanksD.aswordmadeoftwodifferentmetals26、Notonlydidthebankimproveitsdigitalpaymentsystem,_italsointroducedanewcustomerriskassessmentmodel.A.soB.butC.andD.yet27、Inaformalbusinessletter,whichofthefollowingclosingsismostappropriate?A.Cheers!B.SincerelyC.LaterD.Whatever28、Theverb"arbitrate"inthecontextofinternationaltradedisputesmeans_A.tomakealegallybindingdecisionbyaneutralthirdpartyB.toignorethedisputeandcontinuetradingC.tonegotiateonlybetweenthetwooriginalpartiesD.tofileacomplaintwiththelocalpolice29、Thebank'sliquiditycoverageratio_at115percent,wellabovetheregulatoryminimumof100percent.A.stoodB.wasstandingC.hasstoodD.stands30、Whichwordbestcompletesthesentence:"TheFederalReserveraisedthebenchmarkrateto_theupwardspiralofinflation."A.curtailB.cureC.curetD.curtly31、Bythetimethenewpolicyisimplementednextyear,thecompany_itsoverseasoperationsforoveradecade.A.willexpandB.willhavebeenexpandingC.hasexpandedD.hadexpanded32、_theexperimenthadbeenconductedunderoptimalconditions,theresultswouldhavebeenmoreaccurate.A.IfB.UnlessC.AlthoughD.Since33、Themanagerrequestedthatallemployees_thesafetyguidelinesstrictly.A.followB.followedC.willfollowD.havefollowed34、Theeconomiccrisishasresulted_asignificantdeclineininternationaltradevolumes.A.inB.atC.onD.with35、Notuntilthereportwaspublished_theseriousimplicationsoftheenvironmentaldamage.A.didthepublicrealizeB.thepublicrealizedC.thepublicdidrealizeD.realizedthepublic36、Thenewlyestablishedfundaimstopromotesustainabledevelopmentand_economicgrowthacrosstheregion.A.fosterB.fosteringC.tofosteringD.fosters37、Thedatasuggeststhatconsumerspendinghasincreasedsteadily,_thegovernment'sfiscalstimulusmeasures.A.contributingtoB.inspiteofC.regardlessofD.owingto38、Itisessentialthateverystakeholder_fullyinformedabouttherestructuringplanbeforethemeeting.A.beB.isC.wasD.being39、Thecentralbank'sdecisiontoraiseinterestrateswasprimarily_therisinginflationrate.A.inresponsetoB.byvirtueofC.onbehalfofD.forthesakeof40、Thetradedeficitisexpectedtonarrowsignificantlythisyear,_theappreciationofthedomesticcurrency.A.thankstoB.insteadofC.ratherthanD.apartfrom41、TheCEOemphasizedthatthecompanyshouldnot_short-termgainsattheexpenseoflong-termsustainability.A.compromiseB.settleC.submitD.concede42、Theboardofdirectorsapprovedtheproposal,_somemembersexpressedconcernsaboutpotentialrisks.A.eventhoughB.aslongasC.incaseD.providedthat43、Effectiveriskmanagement_theidentification,assessment,andmitigationofpotentialthreatstoorganizationalobjectives.A.entailsB.involvesC.includesD.comprises44、Theforeignexchangereserveshavebeenmaintainedata_leveltoensureliquidityandstability.A.sufficientB.adequateC.plentifulD.abundant45、Theannualfinancialreport,_withcomprehensivedataonrevenueandexpenditures,wassubmittedaheadofschedule.A.compiledB.composedC.constructedD.concluded46、_thevolatilityinglobalmarkets,investorsareincreasinglyseekingsafe-havenassets.A.OwingtoB.RegardlessofC.ContrarytoD.Inspiteof47、Theregulatoryframeworkhasbeenupdatedto_thegrowingcomplexityofcross-borderfinancialtransactions.A.addressB.solveC.resolveD.settle48、Thequarterlyearningsexceededanalysts'expectations,_apositiveoutlookfortheupcomingfiscalyear.A.signalingB.indicatingC.suggestingD.implying49、Themergerbetweenthetwofinancialinstitutionswascompletedsuccessfully,_aneweraofconsolidatedoperations.A.usheringinB.bringingaboutC.givingrisetoD.leadingto50、Thestrategicpartnershipwasdesignedto_marketaccessandenhancecompetitivenessintheAsiansector.A.expandB.stretchC.extendD.widen51、Choosethebestanswertocompletethesentence:Thecentralbankhasdecidedtointerestratesinanefforttocurbinflation.A.increaseB.liftC.raiseD.elevate52、Selectthecorrectoption:Bythetimethereport,theboardmembershadalreadyreachedaconsensusonthematter.A.cameoutB.hadcomeoutC.comesoutD.wascomingout53、Whichofthefollowingwordsbestcompletesthesentence?Thecompany'sstrategyinvolvesexpandingintoemergingmarketsacrossSoutheastAsia.A.aggressiveB.expansiveC.extensive54、Identifythesentencewiththecorrectusage:A.Thedatashowsthattheeconomyaregrowingsteadily.B.Thedatashowthattheeconomyisgrowingsteadily.C.Thedatashownthattheeconomyisgrowingsteadily.D.Thedatashowedthattheeconomiesisgrowingsteadily.55、Choosethemostappropriateword:Thetreasureremphasizedtheimportanceofmaintainingabalancebetweenriskandreturnintheinvestmentportfolio.A.desirableB.optimalC.sufficientD.adequate56、Whatistheclosestmeaningoftheword"liquidity"inafinancialcontext?A.TheabilityofassetstobequicklyconvertedintocashB.TheamountofwaterinachemicalsolutionC.ThestabilityofinterestratesD.ThegrowthrateofGDP57、Selectthecorrectphrasetocompletethesentence:TheCEOdecidedtowiththeannualreport,providingadetailedanalysisofthepreviousfiscalyear'sperformance.A.proceedB.followupC.moveon58、WhichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyCORRECT?A.Neitherthemanagersnorthedirectorareawareofthechanges.B.Neitherthemanagersnorthedirectorisawareofthechanges.C.Neitherthemanagersnorthedirectorwereawareofthechanges.D.Neitherthemanagersnorthedirectorhasbeenawareofthechanges.59、Theword"remittance"inbankingterminologyrefersto:A.AloanprovidedbyabanktoacustomerB.Thetransferofmoneybyonepartytoanother,especiallyacrossbordersC.TheinterestratechargedonamortgageD.Atypeofstockcertificate60、Choosethebestoption:Despitetheeconomicconditions,thecompanymanagedtoincreaseitsprofitsby15percentlastquarter.A.adverseB.beneficialC.favorableD.advantageous61、Whichwordbestreplaces"mitigate"inthesentence:Thebankintroducednewpoliciestomitigatetheriskofdefault?A.increaseB.reduceC.eliminateD.assess62、Readthepassageandanswer:"ThedepreciationoftheyuanagainstthedollarhasmadeChineseexportsmorecompetitiveininternationalmarkets,whilesimultaneouslyincreasingthecostofimportedgoods."Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?A.ChineseconsumersbenefitfromcheaperimportedgoodsB.China'sexportsectorgainsfromyuandepreciationC.ThedollarhasappreciatedagainstallcurrenciesD.ImportcostshavedecreasedforChinesecompanies63、Choosethecorrectpreposition:Thebankiscommittedprovidingsustainablefinancingsolutionstosupportgreenenergyprojects.A.toB.withC.forD.at64、Whatdoestheterm"fiduciary"meaninabankingcontext?A.RelatingtoatrustoragencyrelationshipinvolvingloyaltyandcareB.Describinghigh-riskinvestmentproductsC.Referringtogovernment-regulatedbankingoperationsD.Characterizinganonymousfinancialtransactions65、Selectthesentencethatusesthesubjunctivemoodcorrectly:A.Themanagersuggestedthathegoestothemeeting.B.Themanagersuggestedthathegotothemeeting.C.Themanagersuggestedthathewenttothemeeting.D.Themanagersuggestedthathewillgotothemeeting.66、Thephrase"atpar"infinancialcontextsmeans:A.BelowthefacevalueofasecurityB.AtexactlythefacevalueofasecurityC.AbovethemarketvalueofacommodityD.Atadiscountedpricecomparedtocompetitors67、Whichofthefollowingisthemostformalandappropriatewaytoexpress"wewanttostartanewproject"?A.Weintendtoinitiateanewundertaking.B.Weaimtocommenceafreshenterprise.C.Weproposetoembarkuponanewinitiative.D.Wedesiretolaunchanovelventure.68、Choosethecorrectwordtofillintheblank:Thefinancedepartmentneedstothebudgetconstraintsbeforeapprovinganynewexpenditures.A.takeintoaccountB.takeaccountofC.takeinconsiderationD.takeconsiderationinto69、Whatisthefunctionofa"letterofcredit"(信用证)ininternationaltrade?A.ItguaranteespaymenttotheselleroncespecifieddocumentsarepresentedB.ItservesasaloandocumentbetweentwobanksC.ItrecordsthedailytransactionsofacorporateaccountD.Itcertifiestheauthenticityofabusinesscontract70、Identifythesentencethatcontainsanerror:A.Theboardofdirectorshasapprovedtheproposedmerger.B.Eachoftheshareholdershavesignedtheagreement.C.Theteamisworkingdiligentlyontheproject.D.Neitherofthecandidateswassuitablefortheposition.71、Choosethecorrectoptiontocompletethesentence:"Thecommitteeadecisionbytheendofnextmonth."A.willreachB.willhavereachedC.isreachingD.hasreached72、Selectthebestreplacementfortheunderlinedpart:"Thecompanyhasinvestedconsiderableamountofmoneyinrenewableenergy."A.aconsiderableamountB.considerableamountsC.aconsiderablenumberD.Nochangeneeded73、Whatdoestheword"fluctuate"mostlikelymeaninthecontext:"Oilpricesfluctuateaccordingtoglobaldemand."?A.RemainstableB.ChangeirregularlyC.IncreasesteadilyD.Decreasegradually74、Choosethecorrectsentence:A.Neitherthemanagersnortheworkerwaspresent.B.Neitherthemanagersnortheworkerswerepresent.C.Neitherthemanagersortheworkerswerepresent.D.Neitherthemanagersnortheworkerswaspresent.75、Whichwordbestcompletesthesentence:"Thegovernmenthasimplementedvariousmeasurestoinflation."?A.escalateB.curbC.stimulateD.exacerbate76、Identifythesentencewiththecorrectuseofpunctuation:A.Thereport,whichwasdelayed,hasfinallybeensubmitted.77、Whatisthesynonymof"prudent"inthesentence:"Aprudentinvestordiversifiestheirportfolio."?A.CarelessB.CautiousC.RecklessD.Impulsive78、Choosethecorrectform:"IfIricher,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld."A.amB.wasC.wereD.havebeen79、Whichwordisclosestinmeaningto"sustainable"?A.TemporaryB.RenewableC.ExhaustibleD.Destructive80、Selectthecorrectlyorderedsentence:A.Thebankhasrecentlyopenedanewbranchinthecitycenter.B.Thebankhasopenedrecentlyanewbranchinthecitycenter.C.Recentlythebankhasanewbranchopenedinthecitycenter.D.Thebankrecentlyhasopenedanewbranchinthecitycenter.81、Whatdoes"tradedeficit"mean?A.WhenexportsexceedimportsB.WhenimportsexceedexportsC.WhentradeisbalancedD.Whenthereisnointernationaltrade82、Choosethecorrectpreposition:"Theinterestrateincreased2percentlastquarter."A.toB.byC.atD.for83、Whichsentenceusesthecorrectcomparativeform?A.Thedollarhasbecomemorestrongeragainsttheeuro.B.Thedollarhasbecomestronger.C.Thedollarhasbecomestrongest.D.Thedollarhasbecomeasstronger.84、Whatistheantonymof"abundant"?A.PlentifulB.ScarceC.SufficientD.Ample85、Choosethebestword:"Thecentralbankaimstomaintainprice_."A.stabilityB.stableC.stabiliseD.stabilizer86、Identifythesentencethatcontainsadanglingmodifier:A.Walkingdownthestreet,thetreeslookedbeautiful.B.Walkingdownthestreet,Ienjoyedthebeautifultrees.C.AsIwalkeddownthestreet,thetreeslookedbeautiful.D.Iwalkeddownthestreetandsawbeautifultrees.87、Whatdoes"exchangerateappreciation"mean?A.ThecurrencylosesvalueB.ThecurrencygainsvalueC.ThecurrencyremainsunchangedD.Thecurrencyisprintedmore88、Choosethecorrectconjunction:"theeconomicsituationimproved,manycompaniesremainedcautious."A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.SinceD.As89、Whichwordbestcompletes:"Thefinancialcrisishadaprofoundontheglobaleconomy."A.effectB.causeC.reasonD.resultof90、Selectthesentencewithcorrectsubject-verbagreement:A.Thedatashowsthatinflationisrising.B.Thedatashowthatinflationarerising.C.Thedatashowsthatinflationarerising.D.Thedatashowthatinflationisrising.91、Shehasbeenworkinginthefinancialsectorforoveradecade,andshe_themarkettrendsverywell.A.understandsB.understoodC.hasunderstoodD.wasunderstanding92、Bythetimethenewpolicy_intoeffectnextmonth,manycompanieswillhaveadjustedtheirstrategiesaccordingly.A.comesB.willcomeC.cameD.iscoming93、Thecentralbankhasdecidedto_interestratesby25basispointsinordertostimulateeconomicgrowth.A.cutB.reduceC.lowerD.drop94、_thevolatilityinglobalmarkets,investorsremaincautiousaboutmakinglong-termcommitments.A.DespiteB.AlthoughC.HoweverD.Whereas95、Theboardofdirectorsapprovedthemerger,_wasanticipatedbymostanalysts.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what96、Iftheexchangerate_depreciatefurther,thetradedeficitcouldwidensignificantlythisquarter.A.shouldB.wouldC.shallD.will97、Thequarterlyearningsreportrevealedthatthebank'snon-performingloanratiohad_to1.8percent,thelowestlevelinfiveyears.A.declinedB.decreasedC.reducedD.fallen98、TheCEOstressedthatmaintainingliquidityremainsatoppriority,_thecurrentmacroeconomicuncertainties.A.givenB.consideringC.takingD.regarding99、Notonly_thedividendunchanged,butthebankalsoannouncedasharebuybackprogramworth$500million.A.diditkeepB.itkeptC.itkeepsD.doesitkeep100、Thesupervisoryauthorityrequiresallmemberbankstocomplywiththecapitaladequacystandards_bytheBaselCommittee.A.prescribedB.definedC.stipulatedD.determined

参考答案及解析1.【参考答案】B【解析】influence强调长期、广泛的影响力和控制力，常用于描述机构或人在某领域的地位；impact多指突然或显著的影响；effect指产生的结果或效果；impression指主观印象。句中表达该银行在国际金融市场具有强大的影响力和话语权，用influence最为恰当。2.【参考答案】B【解析】句中时间状语为lastmonth，表示过去的时间，且主语report与submit之间为被动关系，因此应使用一般过去时的被动语态wassubmitted。A为过去分词，缺少助动词；C为过去完成时，需有明确的过去参照点；D为现在分词，不符合语法结构。3.【参考答案】B【解析】此句为与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。从句表示"如果去年利率更低"，是对过去情况的假设，需用过去完成时hadbeen；主句wouldhaveexpanded也印证了这是对过去的虚拟。A和C为现在时，D为情态动词结构，均不符合虚拟语气规则。4.【参考答案】A【解析】inflation指物价总水平持续上升，其核心后果是货币购买力下降，即同样数量的货币能买到的商品减少。B国债增加是财政问题；C就业减少是劳动力市场问题；D股价上涨与通胀无直接因果关系。因此A为最密切相关的概念。5.【参考答案】C【解析】suggest后接that从句时，从句谓语可用"should+动词原形"或省略should直接用动词原形（虚拟语气）。选项中C包含should，语法正确。A单独使用在正式语法中也勉强可接受，但C更规范完整。B为过去时不符合虚拟语气；D为过去将来时，结构错误。6.【参考答案】B【解析】amortize是金融术语，指分期偿还贷款本金，即按一定期限逐步清偿债务。A为积累，C为完全取消，D为逐渐增加，均与amortize含义相反或无关。B"随时间逐步偿还"准确对应了amortize的核心含义。7.【参考答案】B【解析】此句为限制性定语从句，先行词为thedata（物），在从句中作主语。that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，符合语法。which虽也可指物，但当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词等修饰时必须用that；且data为单数概念，that比which更紧凑。who和whom指人，排除。8.【参考答案】B【解析】前缀re-的基本含义为"再次、重新、回"，表示将某个动作重新执行。reallocate即"重新分配"，指对资源进行再次配置。A为反义前缀un-的反向操作；C为强调前缀如well-；D为否定前缀如un-或dis-。B准确描述了re-的词缀含义。9.【参考答案】A【解析】beresponsiblefor是固定搭配，for为介词，后必须接名词或动名词。developing为动名词形式，符合语法要求。todevelop为不定式不能作介词宾语；develop为原形不合法；developed为过去分词在此语境下语义不通。10.【参考答案】B【解析】fiduciaryduty是信托义务，要求受托人（如银行、基金经理）以委托人（客户）的最大利益为行事准则，避免利益冲突，保持忠诚和谨慎。A追求个人利润与fiduciary义务相悖；C和D为一般商业目标，并非fiduciaryduty的核心定义。B准确概括了信托义务的实质。11.【参考答案】A【解析】comeintoeffect是固定搭配，意为"生效、开始实施"。gointoeffect虽偶见使用，但标准搭配为comeintoeffect。takeintoeffect非正确搭配；becomeintoeffect语法错误。centralbankannounce新政策"生效"，用comeintoeffect最为规范。12.【参考答案】B【解析】subsidize意为"补贴、资助"，指通过提供财政支持来降低某项活动或产品的成本。A选项borrow意为"借款"，方向相反；C选项collecttaxes意为"征税"，属于政府收入行为而非支出性支持；D选项investinforeignstocks意为"投资外国股票"，属于商业投资行为。B选项"提供财政援助以降低成本"与subsidize的含义最为贴近，故选B。13.【参考答案】A【解析】本句为虚拟语气中的与过去事实相反的假设。从句中"lastmonth"表明假设发生在过去，主句用"wouldhavebeencontained"也印证了这是对过去的虚拟。因此if条件从句需用过去完成时"had+过去分词"。A选项hadlowered符合语法要求。B选项一般过去时仅用于与现在事实相反的虚拟；C选项would用于主句而非条件从句；D选项现在完成时不用于虚拟语气条件从句。故选A。14.【参考答案】B【解析】在贸易和金融语境中，settlement指"结算"，即完成支付义务的全过程，包括款项的划拨、清算和最终确认。A选项legaldisputeresolution意为"法律纠纷解决"，对应的是arbitration或mediation；C选项physicallocation指物理地址，与语境不符；D选项quarterlyfinancialreport意为"季度财务报告"，对应的是reporting而非settlement。因此B选项"支付义务的最终完成"最准确。故选B。15.【参考答案】B【解析】本句时间状语"bythetimetheannualreportwaspublished"中主句用了一般过去时，而"bythetime+过去时"结构要求主句使用过去完成时，表示"在主句动作之前已经完成的另一过去动作"。writeoff意为"核销"，银行术语中指将无法收回的不良贷款从账面上注销。B选项hadwrittenoff为过去完成时，符合语法。A为现在完成时，时态不匹配；C为一般过去时，无法体现"先于出版"的时间先后关系；D为过去将来时，语义不合。故选B。16.【参考答案】A【解析】votedto后接动词原形构成不定式短语，作vote的宾语。to在此为不定式标志词，后须跟原形动词。A选项expand为动词原形，意为"扩大"，搭配creditlimit（信贷额度）合理。B选项expandable为形容词，意为"可扩大的"；C选项expansion为名词；D选项expansively为副词。三者均不能直接跟在to后作不定式。故选A。17.【参考答案】B【解析】原文明确指出代理行（correspondentbank）的核心职能是"为另一家银行持有账户，以促进跨境支付并为代理行提供流动性服务"。A选项"制定国家货币政策"是中央银行的职能；C选项"发行政府债券"属于政府或财政部行为；D选项"监管国内银行运营"是金融监管机构的职责。只有B选项完整概括了原文所述功能。故选B。18.【参考答案】B【解析】本句为含有非限制性定语从句的复合句。先行词为"theeconomiccommittee"，指代一个机构/组织，非限制性定语从句中需用which引导，且which在从句中作主语。A选项who指人；C选项whose表所属关系，从句中需要的是主语而非定语；D选项whom作宾语。虽然committee由人组成，但作为整体机构名词，在正式书面语中通常用which。故选B。19.【参考答案】B【解析】词根词缀分析：regulation意为"监管、规制"，前缀de-在英语中表示"去除、解除、降低"，如deactivate（使失活）、decode（解码）。因此deregulation意为"解除管制、减少监管"，核心含义是"撤销或移除"已有的监管措施。A选项"增加"对应前缀如add-、sur-；C选项"完全转变为新事物"语义过强；D选项"渐进改善"不准确。B选项"反转或移除"最贴合de-的构词含义。故选B。20.【参考答案】B【解析】"Nosooner...than..."为固定搭配，意为"一……就……"，表示两个动作紧接着发生。该结构中nosooner后主句用过去完成时（had+过去分词），than后接一般过去时。A选项when搭配"hardly...when..."使用；C选项until表示"直到……才"；D选项before表示"在……之前"，均不符合nosooner的固定搭配。本句意为"财务主管宣布合并的消息刚一公布，股价就飙升了15%"。故选B。21.【参考答案】B【解析】collateral是金融和法律术语，意为"抵押物、担保品"，指借款人向贷款机构提供的、用于保障债权实现的资产（如房产、设备、有价证券等）。若借款人违约，贷款方可处置该资产以弥补损失。A选项"生息存款"对应interest-bearingdeposit；C选项"年度分红"对应dividend；D选项"法定准备金要求"对应reserverequirement。B选项"作为贷款担保而质押的资产"准确定义了collateral。故选B。22.【参考答案】B【解析】data源于拉丁语，严格意义上为复数名词（单数为datum），在正式学术和金融写作中应搭配复数动词。A选项用is（单数），在严格语法下不规范；C选项were虽为复数，但"werebeingrevised"为过去进行时，与一般陈述语境不完全匹配（B的arebeingrevised现在进行时更常用于描述正在进行的审计修订）；D选项datas为错误形式，data本身已为复数，不加s。B选项dataarebeingrevised在正式书面英语中最为规范正确。故选B。23.【参考答案】A【解析】adetailed后需接名词。disclose为动词，其名词形式为disclosure，意为"披露、披露文件"。在银行监管语境中，"提交跨境交易的详细披露报告"是合规要求。B选项disclose为动词原形，不能置于形容词detailed之后；C选项disclosed为过去分词或形容词，不能与a直接搭配作名词使用；D选项disclosing为动名词，虽可作名词但语义上强调"正在披露的过程"，不如disclosure（披露行为或披露文件）正式且常用。故选A。24.【参考答案】A【解析】liquidate在金融语境中意为"清算、变现"，指将抵押资产（collateral）出售或转换为现金以弥补贷款损失。B选项legitimate意为"使合法化"；C选项legalize意为"使合法"；D选项liquefy在金融中意为"使流动性增强"，但不用于指处置抵押物。本句描述的是交易对手违约后银行处置抵押品并启动法律程序的流程，liquidatethecollateral（清算抵押物）为标准搭配。故选A。25.【参考答案】B【解析】"adouble-edgedsword"为英语固定习语，字面意为"双刃剑"，引申义为"具有两面性的事物，既有利弊又有害处"。在金融创新语境中，指某项创新技术或产品在带来效率提升、成本降低等好处的同时，也可能引入系统性风险、市场波动等负面效应。A选项"完全安全无风险"与习语含义矛盾；C选项"军队银行专属武器"为字面曲解；D选项"两种金属制成的剑"亦为字面理解。B选项"同时带来好处和风险的创新"准确对应习语的比喻义。故选B。26.【参考答案】B【解析】"notonly...but(also)..."为固定并列连词搭配，意为"不仅……而且……"。前半句因notonly置于句首而发生倒装（didthebankimprove），后半句需用but连接。A选项so表因果，不搭配notonly；C选项and为并列但无递进含义；D选项yet表转折，与notonly不搭配。完整结构为"Notonlydidthebankimprove...,butitalsointroduced..."。故选B。27.【参考答案】B【解析】正式商务信函的结尾问候语需体现专业性和礼貌性。B选项"Sincerely,"是标准商务信函敬语，相当于中文"此致敬礼"，适用于大多数正式商务通信。A选项"Cheers!"为非正式口语，多用于朋友间或轻松场合；C选项"Later,"极为随意，常见于短信或社交媒体；D选项"Whatever,"带有不耐烦或轻蔑语气，完全不适合正式商务场合。故选B。28.【参考答案】A【解析】arbitrate意为"仲裁"，指在国际贸易争议中，由双方同意的中立第三方（仲裁机构或仲裁员）作出具有法律约束力的裁决。这与negotiate（协商，由当事人自行达成）和litigate（诉讼，由法院判决）有本质区别。B选项"忽略争议继续交易"语义不符；C选项描述的是negotiation而非arbitration；D选项"向当地警方投诉"属于刑事或治安事项，与国际贸易商事争议无关。A选项"由中立第三方作出有法律约束力的决定"准确。故选A。29.【参考答案】D【解析】本句描述银行当前流动性覆盖率（liquiditycoverageratio）的状态，用一般现在时表达当前事实。stand在此为"处于、达到"之意，为状态动词，强调当前水平。A选项stood为一般过去时，表示过去状态；B选项wasstanding为过去进行时，暗示过去某一时刻正在进行；C选项hasstood为现在完成时，强调从过去延续至今的动作过程。本句无过去时间限定词，直接陈述当前指标水平，用一般现在时stands最简洁准确。故选D。30.【参考答案】A【解析】本句意为"美联储上调基准利率以遏制通胀的上升螺旋"。curtail意为"削减、抑制、缩减"，常搭配spiral、expenditure、freedom等，表示抑制某种增长或扩张趋势，搭配"theupwardspiralofinflation"非常地道。B选项cure意为"治愈（疾病）"，一般不搭配inflation；C选项curet并非标准英语单词；D选项curtly为副词，意为"粗鲁地、简略地"，词性不符。故选A。31.【参考答案】B【解析】考查将来完成进行时。句中时间状语"bythetime..."表示到将来某一时间点为止的动作，强调动作从过去持续到现在或将来的某个时刻，并可能继续下去。willhavebeendoing表示将来某时之前一直在进行的动作。A项一般将来时不符合语境；C项现在完成时与将来时间不符；D项过去完成时与将来时间状语冲突。故选B。32.【参考答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气中的条件状语从句。根据主句"wouldhavebeen"可知这是对过去的虚拟，从句应用过去完成时。If引导的条件句可省略if并将had提前构成倒装，但此处考查连词选择，故选If。Unless意为"除非"，Although意为"虽然"，Since意为"自从/既然"，均不符合句意。句意：如果实验在理想条件下进行，结果会更准确。33.【参考答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气中request后宾语从句的用法。request/suggest/demand等表示建议、要求的动词后，宾语从句谓语用"(should)+动词原形"。follow为动词原形，符合虚拟语气结构要求。B项过去式不符合；C项将来时错误；D项完成时错误。故选A。34.【参考答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。resultin意为"导致、造成"，后接结果；resultfrom意为"由……造成"，后接原因。句意为经济危机导致了国际贸易量的显著下降，强调结果，故选resultin。resultat/on/with均无此搭配。故选A。35.【参考答案】A【解析】考查部分倒装。notuntil置于句首时，主句需部分倒装，即将助动词/do/does/did等提至主语之前。时间状语为过去时，故用did提前。B项无倒装；C项语序错误；D项动词位置错误。句意：直到报告发布，公众才意识到环境破坏的严重后果。36.【参考答案】A【解析】考查并列结构。and连接两个并列成分，前为动词不定式topromote，故and后也需动词原形。foster为动词原形，符合语法要求。B项为现在分词；C项to为介词后接动名词，结构错误；D项为第三人称单数形式，不符合并列结构。句意：新设立的基金旨在促进该地区的可持续发展和经济增长。37.【参考答案】D【解析】考查逻辑关系和介词短语。句意为政府财政刺激措施使得消费支出稳步增长，前后为因果关系，且后者为原因。oweto意为"归功于、由于"，符合语境。A项contributingto意为"有助于"，因果方向相反；B项inspiteof和C项regardlessof均表让步，不合逻辑。故选D。38.【参考答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。在itisessential/important/necessary等句型中，that从句需用虚拟语气，即"(should)+动词原形"。be为动词原形，符合语法要求。B项是一般现在时，不符合虚拟语气规则；C项为过去时；D项为非谓语形式。故选A。39.【参考答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。inresponseto意为"作为对……的反应"，符合句意"央行加息是对通胀率上升的反应"。B项byvirtueof意为"凭借"；C项onbehalfof意为"代表"；D项forthesakeof意为"为了……起见"。B、C、D均不符合语境。故选A。40.【参考答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。thanksto意为"由于、多亏"，表示原因，符合句意"由于本币升值，贸易逆差预计将大幅收窄"。B项insteadof意为"代替"；C项ratherthan意为"而不是"；D项apartfrom意为"除……之外"。B、C、D均不能表达因果关系，故选A。41.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。compromise意为"损害、危及"，compromiseshort-termgains表示牺牲短期利益，与后文attheexpenseof呼应，符合语境。B项settle意为"解决、安置"；C项submit意为"提交、屈服"；D项concede意为"承认、让步"。B、C、D语义不符，故选A。42.【参考答案】A【解析】考查连词辨析。eventhough意为"尽管、即使"，引导让步状语从句，符合句意"董事会批准了该提案，尽管一些成员对潜在风险表示担忧"。B项aslongas意为"只要"；C项incase意为"以防"；D项providedthat意为"如果、前提是"。B、C、D均不符合让步关系，故选A。43.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。entail意为"必然包含、需要"，强调某事是另一事物的必要组成部分，常用于正式语境，符合风险管理的专业表述。B项involves意为"涉及"，语义稍弱；C项includes意为"包括"，侧重列举部分；D项comprises意为"由……组成"。综合语境和用词正式程度，entail最为恰当，故选A。44.【参考答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。sufficient意为"足够的、充足的"，强调满足特定需求，常用于正式和商业语境，符合外汇储备的专业表述。B项adequate侧重"刚好够用"；C项plentiful和D项abundant均侧重"丰富、大量"，多用于描述自然资源或供应充足。句意强调满足流动性和稳定性的需求，sufficient最为贴切，故选A。45.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。compile意为"汇编、整理"，指将零散信息系统性地收集整理成册，常用于报告、数据等语境。B项compose意为"创作、组成"；C项construct意为"建造、构建"；D项conclude意为"总结、得出结论"。句意为年度报告汇编了全面的财务数据，compile最为准确，故选A。46.【参考答案】A【解析】考查逻辑关系。owingto意为"由于"，引导原因状语，符合句意"由于全球市场的波动，投资者日益寻求避险资产"。B项regardlessof意为"不管"；C项contraryto意为"与……相反"；D项inspiteof意为"尽管"。B、C、D均表示让步或转折关系，与句意因果逻辑不符，故选A。47.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。address意为"处理、应对"，常用于正式语境中表示处理问题或应对挑战，符合监管框架应对复杂交易的表述。B项solve、C项resolve和D项settle均侧重"解决"，语气过重，不适合与complexity搭配。addresscomplexity为常见固定搭配，故选A。48.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。signal意为"预示、标志"，常用于经济和商业语境中表示某种迹象预示未来趋势，正式且精确。B项indicate意为"表明"；C项suggest意为"暗示"；D项imply意为"暗含"。虽然四者都有指示之意，但在描述经济数据预示前景时，signal最为专业和贴切，故选A。49.