汽车车身焊装夹具的设计要点外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

PAGE32附录(英文文献及中英文对照)ThedesigningfeaturesofautomobilebodyweldingfixtureAutobodyclampisrequiredfortheamorphousbodystampingrequiredtolocateandclamp,toformthebodycomponents,combinedparts,sub-assemblyandassembly,Whiletakingadvantageofsuitableweldingmethodtoformtheirownweldingpiecesofthewhole.Weldingfixtureweldingprocessisasecondarydevice,butintheprocessofmassproductioncarbody,thedeviceisessential.Itnotonlycanimproveweldingproductivity,butalsotoensurethedimensionalaccuracyofweldingproductsandappearancerequirementsoftheimportantdevices.Theassemblyandweldingfixturesthereisnouniformspecificationsandstandardization,arenon-standardequipment.Design.andmanufacturingprocessaccordingtothestructuralcharacteristcsofthespecificmodels,productionconditionsandtheactualdemandfromthelineofdesignandmanufacturing.1.asonabledecompositionofautobodypartsweldedtogethertodeterminethetypeoffixturerequired.Twoormoreofthestampingprocessbytheassemblyandweldingofcomponentsisobtainedbyweldingtogetherpiecesofseveralrelatedsmallweldingweldinglargepiecesofformedpieces,thenweldedtogethertoformthefollowingfourparts:Aroundbeforeweldingparts,weldingpartsaroundtheback,floorandroofweldingpartsweldingparts,weldingtogetherfourpiecesofthefinalweldingintovehiclecabassembly.Therefore,accordingtothecabassemblyformationprocessofthecorrectweldingpiecesofreasonablydivided,andonthisbasis,thecorrespondingpiecesofweldingfixturedesign.Thiswillnotonlyhelpensureproductquality,alsocanincreaseweldingproductivity.2.Determinethelevelofautomationofassemblyandweldingfixtures.Annualoutputdependsonthelevelofautomationandassemblyandweldingfixturesweldersbitconfiguration.Productioncycletimemainlybyclampingaction,theassemblytime,weldingtimeandhandlingtimeandothercomponents.Amongthem,thejigfixtureoperatingtimedependsonthedegreeofautomation.Toimproveproductivity,considerclampingfixtureandreleasetimetocompletetheactionbythecylinder,andbetweenstationandstationautomationtransport.Butthisincreasesthemanufacturingcostoffixtures.Therefore,thedesignoffixturestobeabletoreasonablybalancethelevelofautomationandweldingfixturescontradictionbetweenthemanufacturingcost.3.Forlargeweldingjigs,fixturesmustfirstdeterminethedesignbasis,withthesamecarbodydesignbasis.Fixturenthelocationofallthecomponentsaredetermineddirectlyfromthedesignbasis,theultimateguaranteetocreateaqualifiedweldingtoolingstructure.Accordingtoapreliminarydecisionheightoperationsfixturefloorheight,theheightoftheclampedposition;Second,drawtheassemblyandweldingpartsdiagram,itisincludedinthestationinneedofassemblyandweldingofstampingthesolderjointshapeandlocationrequirementsasthebasisforsettingfixture;Thenextstepisareasonablearrangementoffixtureposition,thismustbeclearlygraspthestampingofthespaceshape,compositionrelationships,assemblyandweldingsequenceandthesolderjointlayout,rationaldesignoffixtureplacementandgeneralstructure;overalldesignofthefinaldrawsketches.4.Rationalchoiceoffixtureposition.Asthecarbodyshapecomplexity,poorrigidity,deformation,fixturepositioninghasbeenintroducedonalargenumberofwaystoenhancetherigidityofweldedparts,reducetheweldingdeformation.Positioningofweldingfixturesgenerallyincludepositioningandsidepositioningoftwokindsofholes.Positioningholepunchingprocesstogiveprioritytoconsiderthepositioninghole,thesizeandlocationoftheseholesisrelativelyaccurateandreliable;Trytouseundertheproceduresofmountingholes,astheseholesthesizeofthemarginoferrorwillaffectthenextprocessoftheassembly.Therefore,thedesignoffixtureswithpositioningholesnotonlytounderstandthestampingprocess,assemblyprocessmustalsoconsiderthekeyunderthechannelsize.Largelectionofpositioningholesastheholes,sothatpinscanhavesufficientstrength,oreasilybrokenpins.Stampingonthepreferredshapetoareliable,stablesurfaceasapositioningsurface,positionedtodoasmuchaspossibletheuseofflatsurfaces,butmostofthespacebodystampingsurface,whichrequiresthefixturecomponentsoftheworksurfacemustbepositionedwiththecorrespondingsurfaceofthecarbodyconsistentshape,soastoensurethebodyintheprocessofassemblyandweldingshape.Positioningofpartswithsurfacetoguaranteeacertainaccuracy,adjustthepositionofpositioningblocksarecoarsetofine-tunemorecomplex,thisblockcanbeaddedtofine-tunethepositioningfunction,thatispositionedtoaddathinspacerblock,andgasketthicknessisthatyoucanadjusttheaccuracy.Inaddition,thesetshouldalsobeconsideredwhenpositioningtheweldingpositionandtheuseofweldingequipment,weldingcannotaffectthefinalpieceout,butalsoallowsweldingclamporweldingtorchtoreachthelocation.Forthereallyinfluentialtoconsidertheuseofpinsandotherpinscanbeactive.5.Properlydesignedclampingmechanism.Whenthestampingonthecorrectpositioningofthefixture,inordertomaintaintheweldingprocessintheassemblyoftheworkpiecepositionandovercometheelasticdeformationoftheworkpiece,usuallyrequiresacertainclampingbody.Withthisdevice,youcanmaketheworkpieceandthebearingsurface,workpieceandpositioningtheworkpieceandtheworkpiecesurfaceandtightfitbetween.Forthicknessbelow1.2mmsteelplate,eachclampingpointoftheclampingforceisgenerallyintherangeof300~750N;Forthe1.5~2.5mmbetweenthestampings,eachclampingpointoftheclampingforceintherangeof500~3000N.Toreducetheauxiliarytimeloadingandunloadingtheworkpiece,theclampingdeviceshouldbefastandefficientinstallationsandmulti-pointlinkageinstitutions.Forsheetmetalparts,theclampingforceactingonthebearingsurfacepointshouldbeonlyagoodpieceofrigidroleallowedafewpointsofsupportintheplaneformedinordertoavoidbendingorclampingforcefromtheworkpiecepositioningreference.Alsodesignedtopreventtheclampingmechanismtoopentheclampinggriphand.6.Otherdesignelements.Asthestampingqualitychecksaresampling,pronetoproblems.Ifpossible,addinsomeweldingfixtureonsomeauxiliarydevices,checkthestampingplaytheroleofcriticaldimensions.Inaddition,assemblyandweldingfixturestructureshouldbeeasytooperate,saving,securityandeasyhandlingcharacteristicsoftheworkpiece.汽车车身焊装夹具的设计要点汽车车身夹具是用来把所需车身冲压件按要求定形、定位并夹紧，组合成车身组件、合件、分总成及总成，同时利用合适的焊接方法使其形成各自焊合件整体。焊接夹具属于焊接工艺过程的辅助装置，但在汽车车身大批量生产过程中，该装置是必不可少的。它不仅可以提高焊接生产率，而且也是保证焊接产品的尺寸精度及外观要求的重要装置。而装焊夹具没有统一规格和标准化，属于非标准设计和制造的工艺装备，要根据具体车型的结构特点、生产条件和实际需求来自行设计与制造。1、合理分解汽车车身焊合件，确定所需夹具的种类。两种或两种以上的冲压件经装焊工序后得到的部件即为焊合件，几种相关的小焊合件组成大的焊合件，再形成以下四种焊合件：前围焊合件、后侧围焊合件、地板焊合件以及顶盖焊合件，这四种焊合件最终组焊成了汽车驾驶室总成。因此，要根据上述驾驶室总成形成过程进行各种焊合件正确合理地分割，并在此基础上进行相应焊合件夹具的设计。这样，不仅有利于保证产品质量，还可以提高焊接生产率。2、确定装焊夹具自动化程度的高低。年产量决定于装焊夹具的自动化水平及焊接工位的配置。生产节拍主要由夹具动作时间、装配时间、焊接时间以及搬运时间等组成。其中，夹具动作时间主要取决于夹具的自动化程度。为提高生产率，可以考虑夹具的夹紧和松开动作由汽缸一次性完成，且工位和工位之间采用自动化运输。但这就提高了夹具的制造成本。因此，设计夹具要能合理地平衡焊接夹具的自动化水平及制造成本之间的矛盾。3、对于大型焊装夹具，首先必须确定夹具的设计基准，它与汽车车身的设计基准一致。夹具上全部元件的位置都是直接根据设计基准确定的，最终保证制造出合格的焊接工装结构。根据作业高度可初步决定夹具底板的高度，即夹具固定位置的高度；其次绘制出装焊工件图，它包括在此工位上需要装焊的冲压件外形以及要求的焊点位置，以此作为夹具设置的基础；下一步是夹具位置的合理布置，为此必须清楚地把握冲压件的空间形状、组合关系、装焊顺序以及焊点布置，合理设计夹具的安放位置和大致结构；最后绘出总体方案设计草图。4、合理地选择夹具的定位。由于汽车车身形状复杂、刚性差、易变形，夹具定位上大量采