2026年北师大版高中英语必修第一册第11单元语法练习题及答案

2026年北师大版高中英语必修第一册第11单元语法练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年北师大版高中英语必修第一册第11单元语法练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whichofthefollowingsentencesiscorrectlyusingthepresentperfecttense?A.Ihaveboughtanewcarlastweek.B.ShehaslivedinBeijingforfiveyears.C.Theyhavegonetotheparkyesterday.D.WehavestudiedEnglishsincewewerechildren.参考答案：B2.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverbinthesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer"?A.wereB.amC.wasD.are参考答案：A3.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepastperfecttense?A.Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforetheteacherarrived.B.Theywereplayingfootballwhenitstartedtorain.C.Shehaseatendinneralready.D.Wewillhavecompletedtheprojectbynextweek.参考答案：A4.Inthesentence"Shehasbeenworkingheresince2010,"whattenseisused?A.SimplepresentB.PresentperfectC.PastperfectD.Futureperfect参考答案：B5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofthesecondconditional?A.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.B.IfIhadknownaboutthemeeting,Iwouldhaveattended.C.Shewillcallyouwhenshearrives.D.TheyhavebeentoParistwice.参考答案：B6.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverbinthesentence"Iftheyhadstudiedharder,theywouldhavepassedtheexam"?A.havestudiedB.studiedC.hadstudiedD.werestudying参考答案：C7.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthefutureperfecttense?A.Bythetimeyouarrive,wewillhavebeenwaitingforanhour.B.Shewillhavefinishedherbookbynextmonth.C.Theyhaveboughtanewhouse.D.Heisgoingtovisithisparentsnextweek.参考答案：B8.Inthesentence"HehasbeenlivinginLondonforthreeyears,"whattenseisused?A.SimplepastB.PresentperfectcontinuousC.PastperfectcontinuousD.Futureperfectcontinuous参考答案：B9.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofthefirstconditional?A.IfIwinthelottery,Iwillbuyanewcar.B.Ifithadrained,wewouldhavestayedinside.C.ShehasbeentoSpainthreetimes.D.TheywillhavefinishedtheprojectbyFriday.参考答案：A10.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverbinthesentence"IfIwereabird,Iwouldflytothemoon"?A.wereB.amC.wasD.are参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thenewrulerequiresallstudents______theirhomeworkontime.参考答案：tohandin2.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillhavetocancelthepicnic.参考答案：rains3.Sheisinterestedincollectingstamps,______shespendsmostofherfreetimedoingit.参考答案：so4.______theweatherisfine,wewillgohikingthisweekend.参考答案：As5.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______satisfiedwiththeresults.参考答案：is6.Mybrotherisgoodatplayingthepiano,______Iamnot.参考答案：but7.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoher.参考答案：were8.BothTomandLucy______goingtotheconcertnextSaturday.参考答案：are9.Thebook______onthetableismine.参考答案：lying10.Itisimportanttokeepapositiveattitude,______helpsyouovercomedifficulties.参考答案：which三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thesimplepresenttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepastandarenotongoing.参考答案：×2.Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,""isreading"isapresentcontinuousverbform.参考答案：√3.Thepastperfecttenseisformedbyusing"had"followedbythepastparticipleoftheverb.参考答案：√4."Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?"isanexampleofaquestiontag.参考答案：×5.Themodalverb"must"isusedtoexpressnecessityorobligation.参考答案：√6.Inthesentence"Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework,""havefinished"isapresentperfectverbform.参考答案：√7.Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthesubjectofthesentenceperformstheaction.参考答案：×8."It'srainingcatsanddogs"isanexampleofasimile.参考答案：×9.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpresswishes,suggestions,orhypotheticalsituations.参考答案：√10.Inthesentence"Hewenttothestoreyesterday,""went"isapastsimpleverbform.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.WhatisthebasicstructureofasentenceinEnglish?参考答案：AsentenceinEnglishtypicallyconsistsofasubjectandapredicate.Thesubjectisthepersonorthingthatperformstheactionorisbeingdescribed,whilethepredicatecontainstheverbandprovidesinformationaboutthesubject.2.Howdoyouusethepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent?参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatbeganinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.Itisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"have"or"has"followedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"ShehaslivedinBeijingforfiveyears."3.Canyougiveanexampleofasentenceusingarelativeclause?参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofdependentclausethatmodifiesanounornounphrase.Itusuallybeginswitharelativepronounsuchas"who,""which,""that,"or"whose."Forexample,"ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting."4.Explainthedifferencebetween"lie"and"lay".参考答案："Lie"isanintransitiveverbmeaningtoreclineorbepositionedinahorizontalposition."Lay"isatransitiveverbmeaningtoputorplacesomethingdown.Forexample,"Heliesonthebed"and"Helaidthebookonthetable."5.Whatisthefunctionofagerundinasentence?参考答案：Agerundisaverbformthatendsin"-ing"andfunctionsasanouninasentence.Itcanbethesubject,object,orcomplementofaverborpreposition.Forexample,"Readingismyhobby"and"Ienjoyreadingbooks."6.Howwouldyouformthepastparticipleoftheverb"toread"?参考答案：Thepastparticipleoftheverb"toread"is"read."Forexample,"Thebookhasbeenreadbyhim."7.DescribetheuseofthesimplefuturetenseinEnglish.参考答案：Thesimplefuturetenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwillhappeninthefuture.Itisformedwiththemodalverb"will"followedbythebaseformofthemainverb.Forexample,"Shewillvisitherparentsnextweek."8.Whatisthepurposeofusingthepassivevoiceinwriting?参考答案：Thepassivevoiceisusedtoemphasizethereceiveroftheactionratherthantheperformer.Itisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"be"followedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyGeorgeOrwell."五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）Thelocalcommunitycenterrecentlyorganizedaseriesofworkshopsaimedatimprovingresidents'digitalliteracy.Theworkshopscoveredvarioustopics,includingbasiccomputeroperations,onlinesafety,anddigitalpaymentmethods.Manyresidents,especiallytheelderly,foundthesesessionsincrediblyhelpfulinnavigatingthemodernworld.Thecenterplanstocontinuetheseworkshopsandevenexpandtheirscopetoincludemoreadvancedtopicslikevideoconferencingandsocialmediamanagement.1.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheworkshopsorganizedbythecommunitycenter?参考答案：Toimproveresidents'digitalliteracy.2.Whobenefitedthemostfromtheworkshopsaccordingtothepassage?参考答案：Theelderly.3.Whattopicswerecoveredintheworkshops?参考答案：Basiccomputeroperations,onlinesafety,anddigitalpaymentmethods.4.Accordingtothepassage,whatplansdoesthecommunitycenterhaveforthefuture?参考答案：Tocontinuetheseworkshopsandexpandtheirscopetoincludemoreadvancedtopics.5.Whydidmanyresidents,particularlytheelderly,findtheworkshopshelpful?参考答案：Becausetheyfoundthesesessionsincrediblyhelpfulinnavigatingthemodernworld.6.Whatadditionaltopicsdoesthecommunitycenterplantoincludeinfutureworkshops?参考答案：Videoconferencingandsocialmediamanagement.7.Howdoesthepassagedescribetheimpactoftheworkshopsonresidents?参考答案：Theworkshopshelpedresidentsnavigatethemodernworldandimprovetheirdigitalliteracy.8.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthecommunitycenter'sapproachtodigitalliteracy?参考答案：Thecommunitycentertakesaproactiveapproachtodigitalliteracybyorganizingworkshopsandplanningtoexpandtheirscope.标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"lastweek"与现在完成时态矛盾，应改为一般过去时；选项C中"yesterday"与现在完成时态矛盾，应改为一般过去时；选项D中"sincewewerechildren"表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，应使用现在完成时，但句子结构错误，应为"havebeenstudyingEnglish"。选项B正确使用了现在完成时态，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在。2.参考答案：A解析：句子"IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer"是一个虚拟语气句，表示与事实相反的假设情况。在虚拟语气中，如果表示与现在事实相反的情况，主句应使用"would/could/might+动词原形"，从句应使用"were/had+动词的过去式"。因此，从句中的动词"were"是正确的形式。3.参考答案：A解析：选项A中"hadfinished"是过去完成时的形式，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，符合过去完成时的用法；选项B中"wereplaying"是一般过去时，表示过去正在进行的动作；选项C中"haseaten"是现在完成时，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在；选项D中"willhavecompleted"是将来完成时，表示将来某一时间点之前将完成的动作。因此，只有选项A正确使用了过去完成时。4.参考答案：B解析：句子"Shehasbeenworkingheresince2010"使用了现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并且可能还会继续进行下去。"hasbeenworking"是现在完成进行时的形式，因此选项B是正确的。5.参考答案：B解析：选项B中的"IfIhadknownaboutthemeeting,Iwouldhaveattended"是一个第二条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设情况。在第二条件句中，从句应使用"had+动词的过去式"，主句应使用"would/could/might+动词原形"。因此，选项B是第二条件句的正确形式。6.参考答案：C解析：句子"Iftheyhadstudiedharder,theywouldhavepassedtheexam"是一个第二条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设情况。在第二条件句中，从句应使用"had+动词的过去式"，主句应使用"would/could/might+动词原形"。因此，从句中的"hadstudied"是正确的形式。7.参考答案：B解析：选项B中的"Shewillhavefinishedherbookbynextmonth"使用了将来完成时，表示在将来某一时间点之前将完成的动作。"willhavefinished"是将来完成时的形式，因此选项B是正确的。8.参考答案：B解析：句子"HehasbeenlivinginLondonforthreeyears"使用了现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并且可能还会继续进行下去。"hasbeenliving"是现在完成进行时的形式，因此选项B是正确的。9.参考答案：A解析：选项A中的"IfIwinthelottery,Iwillbuyanewcar"是一个第一条件句，表示一个可能发生的未来情况。"If"从句使用一般现在时，主句使用"will+动词原形"，因此选项A是第一条件句的正确形式。10.参考答案：A解析：句子"IfIwereabird,Iwouldflytothemoon"是一个虚拟语气句，表示与事实相反的假设情况。在虚拟语气中，如果表示与现在事实相反的情况，主句应使用"would/could/might+动词原形"，从句应使用"were/had+动词的过去式"。因此，从句中的"were"是正确的形式。二、填空题1.参考答案：tohandin解析：本题考查非谓语动词。requiresb.todosth.是固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，其中todo是动词不定式作宾补。根据句意“新规定要求所有学生按时交作业”，此处应用动词不定式的主动形式，表示学生主动交作业，故填tohandin。2.参考答案：rains解析：本题考查一般现在时的条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句中，当主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。根据主句willcancel可知，从句应用一般现在时，故填rains。3.参考答案：so解析：本题考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，逗号前后是两个独立的句子，需要用连词连接。根据句意“她喜欢收集邮票，所以她把大部分空闲时间都花在这上面”，表示因果关系，应使用so连接，故填so。4.参考答案：As解析：本题考查连词。分析句子结构可知，逗号前后是两个独立的句子，需要用连词连接。根据句意“只要天气好，我们周末就去远足”，表示条件关系，应使用as连接，故填As。5.参考答案：is解析：本题考查主谓一致。neither...nor...连接的并列主语，谓语动词应与靠近的主语保持一致。此处靠近的是theteacher，是第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用is，故填is。6.参考答案：but解析：本题考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，逗号前后是两个独立的句子，需要用连词连接。根据句意“我哥哥擅长弹钢琴，但我不是”，表示转折关系，应使用but连接，故填but。7.参考答案：were解析：本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件状语从句中，表示与现在事实相反的情况时，从句用一般过去时。根据主句wouldapologize可知，从句表示与现在事实相反，故从句应用一般过去时，故填were。8.参考答案：are解析：本题考查主谓一致。both...and...连接的并列主语，谓语动词应与靠近的主语保持一致。此处靠近的是Tom，是第三人称单数，但both...and...连接的主语视为复数，故谓语动词应用are，故填are。9.参考答案：lying解析：本题考查分词作定语。分析句子结构可知，介词on后面需要跟名词或分词作宾语。根据句意“桌子上的那本书是我的”，此处应用现在分词lying作定语，表示“躺在桌子上的”，故填lying。10.参考答案：which解析：本题考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子。根据句意“保持积极的态度很重要，这有助于你克服困难”，关系代词指代前面整句话，且在从句中作主语，应用which，故填which。三、判断题1.参考答案：×解析：Thesimplepresenttenseisusedtodescribehabitualactions,generaltruths,orscheduledeventsinthepresent,notactionsthathappenedinthepast.Thepasttenseisusedforactionsthatoccurredandarenotongoing.2.参考答案：√解析："isreading"isindeedapresentcontinuousverbform,indicatinganactionthatishappeningatthemomentofspeaking.3.参考答案：√解析：Thepastperfecttenseiscorrectlyformedbyusing"had"followedbythepastparticipleoftheverb,indicatinganactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotherpastaction.4.参考答案：×解析："Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?"isanexampleofapoliterequest,notaquestiontag.Aquestiontagwouldbesomethinglike"Sheisreadingabook,isn'tshe?"5.参考答案：√解析：Themodalverb"must"iscorrectlyusedtoexpressnecessityorobligation.6.参考答案：√解析："havefinished"isapresentperfectverbform,indicatinganactionthathasbeencompletedatsomepointbeforethepresent.7.参考答案：×解析：Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthesubjectofthesentencereceivestheaction,notwhenthesubjectperformstheaction.In"Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework,""They"isthesubjectperformingtheaction.8.参考答案：×解析："It'srainingcatsanddogs"isanexampleofanidiom,notasimile.Asimileuses"like"or"as"tocomparetwothings.9.参考答案：√解析：Thesubjunctivemoodisindeedusedtoexpresswishes,suggestions,orhypotheticalsituations.10.参考答案：√解析："went"isapastsimpleverbform,indicatinganactionthatoccurredandiscompletedinthepast.四、简答题1.参考答案：AsentenceinEnglishtypicallyconsistsofasubjectandapredicate.Thesubjectisthepersonorthingthatperformstheactionorisbeingdescribed,whilethepredicatecontainstheverbandprovidesinformationaboutthesubject.解析：本题考查英语句子基本结构。英语句子由主语和谓语构成，主语是动作执行者或被描述的对象，谓语包含动词，提供关于主语的信息。这是英语语法的基础知识点，理解句子结构是正确表达和理解的必要条件。主语和谓语是句子的核心成分，其他成分如宾语、表语、状语等都是围绕这两部分展开的。2.参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatbeganinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.Itisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"have"or"has"followedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"ShehaslivedinBeijingforfiveyears."解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法。现在完成时由助动词"have/has"加动词过去分词构成，表示过去开始并持续到现在的动作。例如"ShehaslivedinBeijingforfiveyears"表示她从过去开始住在北京，一直住到现在。这个时态常用于描述经验、状态或持续到现在的动作。误用可能是因为混淆现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。3.参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofdependentclausethatmodifiesanounornounphrase.Itusuallybeginswitharelativepronounsuchas"who,""which,""that,"or"whose."Forexample,"ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting."解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。定语从句修饰名词或名词短语，通常由关系代词引导，如"who"（人）、"which"（物）、"that"（人或物）、"whose"（所有格）。例如"ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting"中的"thatIreadyesterday"是定语从句，修饰"Thebook"。误用可能是因为关系代词的选择错误或缺少必要的先行词。4.参考答案："Lie"isanintransitiveverbmeaningtoreclineorbepositionedinahorizontalposition."Lay"isatransitiveverbmeaningtoputorplacesomethingdown.Forexample,"Heliesonthebed"and"Helaidthebookonthetable."解析：本题考查"lie"和"lay"的区别。"Lie"是不及物动词，表示躺或位于水平位置，如"Heliesonthebed"；"Lay"是及物动词，表示放置或放下，如"Helaidthebookonthetable"。混淆这两个词是常见的错误，需要通过动词的及物性来判断使用哪个词。5.参考答案：Agerundisaverbformthatendsin"-ing"andfunctionsasanouninasentence.Itcanbethesubject,object,orcomplementofaverborpreposition.Forexample,"Readingismyhobby"and"Ienjoyreadingbooks."解析：本题考查动名词的用法。动名词是动词的-ing形式，在句子中起名词作用，可以是动词的主语、宾语或介词的宾语。例如"Readingismyhobby"中"Reading"是主语，"Ienjoyreadingbooks"中"reading"是宾语。误用可能是因为将动名词与现在分词或动词原形混淆。6.参考答案：Thepastparticipleoftheverb"toread"is"read."Forexample,"Thebookhasbeenreadbyhim."解析：本题考查动词过去分词的构成。"Read"是"toread"的过去分词，形式与原形相同。例如"Thebookhasbeenreadbyhim"中"read"是过去分词。需要注意的是，不规则动词的过去分词形式需要特别记忆，而规则动词的过去分词通常在原形后加"-ed"。7.参考答案：Thesimplefuturetenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwillhappeninthefuture.Itisformedwiththemodalverb"will"followedbythebaseformofthemainverb.Forexample,"Shewillvisitherparentsnextweek."解析：本题考查一般将来时的用法。一般将来时由"will"加动词原形构成，表示将来要发生的动作。例如"Shewillvisitherparentsnextweek"表示她下周将去看望她的父母。这个时态常用于预测、承诺或安排未来的活动。误用可能是因为混淆将来时与现在进行时的区别。8.参考答案：Thepassivevoiceisusedtoemphasizethereceiveroftheactionratherthantheperformer.Itisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"be"followedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyGeorgeOrwell."解析：本题考查被动语态的用法。被动语态由"be"加动词过去分词构成，强调动作的承受者而非执行者。例如"ThebookwaswrittenbyGeorgeOrwell"中强调书是被乔治•奥威尔写的。使用被动语态可以使句子更客观或当执行者不明确时。误用可能是因为主动语态与被动语态的混淆。五、阅读理解题1.参考答案：Toimproveresidents'digitalliteracy.解析：题干问的是社区中心组织工作坊的主要目的。根据材料第一句“Thelocalcommunitycenterrecentlyorganizedaseriesofworkshopsaimedatimprovingresidents'digitalliteracy.”可知，这些工作坊的目的是提高居民的数字素养。答案依据是该句明确说明了工作坊的目标。2.参考答案：Theelderly.解析：题干问的是根据文章，谁从工作坊中受益最多。根据材料第二句“Manyresidents,especiallytheelderly,foundthesesessionsincrediblyhelpfulinnavigatingthemodernworld.”可知，许多居民，尤其是老年人，发现这些课程在应对现代社会方面非常有帮助。答案依据是该句明确提到了老年人的受益。3.参考答案：Basiccomputeroperations,onlinesafety,anddigitalpaymentmet