2026年江苏省南京市外国语学校八年级英语第12单元语法练习题及答案

2026年江苏省南京市外国语学校八年级英语第12单元语法练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年江苏省南京市外国语学校八年级英语第12单元语法练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallycorrect?A.Hedon'tlikeplayingfootball.B.Hedoesn'tlikeplayingfootball.C.Hedoesn'tlikesplayingfootball.D.Hedon'tlikesplayingfootball.参考答案：B2.IfIwereabird,Iwould______inthesky.A.flyB.flyingC.fliesD.flew参考答案：A3.Choosethecorrectformoftheverbtocompletethesentence:"Shehas______anewcar."A.buyB.boughtC.buyingD.buys参考答案：B4.What______youdolastweekend?A.didB.doesC.didD.are参考答案：A5.Theteacheraskedus______wehadfinishedourhomework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what参考答案：C6.Selectthecorrectsentenceusingthecorrecttense:"I______tothelibraryyesterday."A.goB.goesC.wentD.going参考答案：C7.Completethesentencewiththecorrectmodalverb:"You______driveacarifyouareunder18."A.mustB.canC.mayD.will参考答案：B8.Whichsentenceiscorrect?A.Heisthemosttallestboyintheclass.B.Heisthetallestboyintheclass.C.Heisthemoretallerboyintheclass.D.Heisthemosttallerboyintheclass.参考答案：B9.Fillintheblankwiththecorrectpreposition:"Thebookis______thetable."A.onB.atC.inD.under参考答案：A10.Choosethecorrectsentence:"Sheis______happytoseeherfriends."A.veryB.soC.tooD.verymuch参考答案：D二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Sheoften______(go)tothelibraryafterschool.参考答案：go2.Bythetimetheyarrived,thetrain______(alreadyleave).参考答案：hadleft3.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.参考答案：rains4.Mybrother______(be)busywithhishomeworknow.参考答案：is5.Theywill______(build)anewbridgeacrosstherivernextyear.参考答案：willbuild6.Thecat______(sleep)onthesofaallafternoon.参考答案：hasbeensleeping7.WhenI______(get)homeyesterday,myfamilywasalreadyasleep.参考答案：got8.He______(notfinish)hishomeworkyet.参考答案：hasn'tfinished9.Ifyou______(study)harder,youwillpasstheexam.参考答案：study10.We______(watch)amovietogetherthisweekend.参考答案：aregoingtowatch三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Therelativepronoun"which"canbeusedtorefertopeopleaswellasthings.参考答案：×2.Inreportedspeech,theverbtenseusuallychangeswhenthereportingverbisinthepasttense.参考答案：√3.Theadverb"too"isplacedbeforethemainverbinasentence.参考答案：×4.It'scorrecttosay"Heisinterestedinthebook."参考答案：√5.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.参考答案：√6.Theword"however"isusedtoshowcontrastbetweentwoideas.参考答案：√7.Whenmakingarequest,themodalverb"must"isoftenused.参考答案：×8.Thesentence"Shewenttothestoreyesterday"isanexampleofthesimplepasttense.参考答案：√9.Thepossessivepronoun"yours"isusedtoshowownershipofsomething.参考答案：√10.Theconjunction"and"isusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauses.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Pleasebrieflydescribetheusageofthepresentperfecttense.参考答案：Itisusedtodescribeactionsorsituationsthatstartedinthepastandcontinueuptothepresentmoment,oractionsthathavebeencompletedrecentlybuthaverelevancetothepresent.Itisalsousedforlifeexperiences.2.Howcanthepastcontinuoustensebeusedtodescribeanactioninprogressataspecifictimeinthepast?参考答案：Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwasinprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.Itoftenintroducesabackgroundactioninastoryornarrative.3.Listthreecommonirregularverbsandtheirpastsimpleandpastparticipleforms.参考答案：Threecommonirregularverbsare:go-went-gone;see-saw-seen;eat-ate-eaten.4.Explainthedifferencebetween"can"and"may"intermsofabilityandpermission.参考答案：“Can”isusedtoexpressabilityorskill,while“may”isusedtoaskfororgivepermission.Forexample,"Icanswim."(Ihavetheabilitytoswim.)and"MayIuseyourphone?"(Iamaskingforpermissiontouseyourphone.)5.Whatisthefunctionofthemodalverb"must"inasentence?参考答案：“Must”isusedtoexpressstrongnecessityorobligation.Forexample,"Youmustfinishyourhomework."(Youhaveastrongobligationtofinishyourhomework.)6.Describethestructureofasimplefuturetensesentenceusing"will".参考答案：Asimplefuturetensesentenceusing"will"hasthestructure:Subject+will+baseverb.Forexample,"Shewillgotothestoretomorrow."7.Howdoyouformthenegativeandinterrogativeformsofthepresentsimpletense?参考答案：Thenegativeformofthepresentsimpletenseis:Subject+do/doesnot+baseverb.Forexample,"Hedoesnotplayfootball."Theinterrogativeformis:Do/Does+subject+baseverb?Forexample,"Doesheplayfootball?"8.BrieflyexplaintheuseofthesecondconditionalinEnglish.参考答案：Thesecondconditionalisusedtotalkabouthypotheticalorunlikelysituationsinthepresentorfutureandtheirpossibleresults.Thestructureis:If+simplepresent,...would+baseverb.Forexample,"IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldbuyahouse."五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）1.Youareorganizingaschoolparty.Writeashortparagraph(about50words)toyourclassmates,invitingthemtotheparty.Includethedate,time,andplaceoftheparty.参考答案：Dearclassmates,IamexcitedtoinviteyoualltoourschoolpartyonFriday,June8th,at7PMintheschoolhall.Therewillbemusic,food,andgames.Joinusforafunevening!2.Readthefollowingdialoguebetweentwofriends,TomandLucy.TomasksLucyforhelpwithherhomework.Writeashortparagraph(about50words)todescribewhatLucymightsaytohelpTom.Tom:HiLucy,canyouhelpmewiththismathproblem?Lucy:Sure,what'stheproblem?参考答案：Lucymightsay,"Ofcourse,I'dbehappytohelp.Letmeseetheproblem.Wecanworkonittogether."3.Yourschoolisholdingaspeechcontest.Youwanttojoin,butyouarenotveryconfident.Writeashortparagraph(about50words)toyourEnglishteacher,askingforadviceonhowtoprepareforthecontest.参考答案：DearTeacher,Iwanttojointhespeechcontest,butIamnotveryconfident.Couldyoupleasegivemesomeadviceonhowtoprepare?Iwouldreallyappreciateit.4.Readthefollowingemailfromyourpenpal.He/Shewantstoknowaboutyourhobbies.Writeashortparagraph(about50words)toyourpenpal,tellinghim/herabouttwoofyourhobbies.DearPenPal,Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.Iamveryinterestedinyourcountry.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutyourhobbies?Bestwishes,[PenPal'sName]参考答案：DearPenPal,Ihavetwohobbies.Iloveplayingthepianoandreadingbooks.Playingthepianorelaxesme,andreadingbookshelpsmelearnnewthings.Ihopeyouhaveinterestinghobbiestoo!5.Youaregoingtovisitamuseumwithyourclassmates.Writeashortparagraph(about50words)toyourclassmates,suggestingtwothingsyoucandoorseeatthemuseum.参考答案：Dearclassmates,atthemuseum,wecanexploredifferentexhibitsandlearnabouthistory.Ialsosuggestwetakealotofphotostorememberourvisit.Itwillbeagreatexperience!6.Readthefollowingnotice.Writeashortparagraph(about50words)totellyourfriendsabouttheschoolactivityday.Notice:SchoolActivityDayDate:NextSaturdayActivities:Sportscompetition,musicperformance,andbookfair.参考答案：Dearfriends,Ihavegreatnews!OurschoolishavinganactivitydaynextSaturday.Therewillbesportscompetition,musicperformance,andabookfair.Itwillbeafundayforeveryone.Let'slookforwardtoit!7.Yourfriendismovingtoanewcity.Writeashortparagraph(about50words)tohim/her,expressingyourfeelingsandofferingtostayintouch.参考答案：Dearfriend,Iamsosadtohearthatyouaremovingtoanewcity.Iwillmissyouverymuch.Pleasestayintouchandvisitmewheneveryoucan.Ihopewecankeepintouchandstayfriendsforever.8.Readthefollowingarticleaboutenvironmentalprotection.Writeashortparagraph(about50words)toyourclassmates,encouragingthemtotakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.参考答案：Dearclassmates,Iamwritingtoencourageallofyoutotakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.Wecanrecyclewaste,savewater,andplanttrees.Smallactionscanmakeabigdifference.Let'sworktogethertokeepourplanetclean!标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：选项A和D中动词形式错误，don't是do的否定形式，用于第三人称单数主语时应为doesn't；选项C中动词形式错误，doesn't后应跟动词原形likes；选项B是正确的形式，doesn'tlikeplayingfootball符合第三人称单数现在时的否定句结构。2.参考答案：A解析：此句是虚拟语气中的第二类条件句，从句中应使用动词原形，表示与事实相反的假设，所以应填fly；选项B的flying是动名词形式，不符合虚拟语气要求；选项C和D的动词形式错误。3.参考答案：B解析：此句是现在完成时态，结构为have/has+过去分词，所以应填bought；选项A的buy是动词原形；选项C的buying是动名词形式；选项D的buys是一般现在时第三人称单数形式。4.参考答案：A解析：此句询问过去的行为，应使用一般过去时，所以应填did；选项B和D的does是一般现在时形式，不符合语境；选项C的did重复，不符合语法。5.参考答案：C解析：askeduswhetherwehadfinishedourhomework是正确的宾语从句结构，whether引导宾语从句时，从句用陈述语序，所以应填whether；选项A和C的if也可以引导宾语从句，但whether更正式；选项B的that不能引导宾语从句表示是否。6.参考答案：C解析：此句描述过去发生的动作，应使用一般过去时，所以应填went；选项A和D的go和going是一般现在时和动名词形式，不符合语境；选项B的goes是一般现在时第三人称单数形式。7.参考答案：B解析：此句表示允许或能力，应使用can，所以应填can；选项A的must表示必须；选项C的may表示可能；选项D的will表示意愿或将来时态。8.参考答案：B解析：最高级前不需要重复最高级词，所以应填thetallest；选项A和D中mosttallest是错误的最高级形式；选项C中moretaller也是错误的最高级形式。9.参考答案：A解析：根据句意，书在桌子上，应使用on表示在某个平面上，所以应填on；选项B的at通常用于表示地点的特定点；选项C的in表示在某个空间内；选项D的under表示在某个物体的下方。10.参考答案：D解析：表示程度非常，应使用verymuch，所以应填verymuch；选项A和C的very和too表示程度，但没有much修饰形容词时不够完整；选项B的so需要与表示程度或性质的词连用，如sohappy。二、填空题1.go解析：本题考查一般现在时，表示经常性、习惯性的动作。句中"often"指示使用一般现在时态。2.hadleft解析：本题考查过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。句中"Bythetimetheyarrived"指示使用过去完成时态。3.rains解析：本题考查一般现在时，表示在条件状语从句中的客观事实或一般性情况。句中"Ifitrainstomorrow"表示一般性情况。4.is解析：本题考查现在进行时，表示现在正在进行的动作。句中"now"指示使用现在进行时态。5.willbuild解析：本题考查一般将来时，表示将来要发生的动作。句中"nextyear"指示使用一般将来时态。6.hasbeensleeping解析：本题考查现在完成进行时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。句中"allafternoon"指示使用现在完成进行时态。7.got解析：本题考查一般过去时，表示过去某一时间点发生的动作。句中"yesterday"指示使用一般过去时态。8.hasn'tfinished解析：本题考查现在完成时，表示到目前为止还没有完成的动作。句中"yet"指示使用现在完成时态。9.study解析：本题考查一般现在时，表示在条件状语从句中的客观事实或一般性情况。句中"Ifyoustudyharder"表示一般性情况。10.aregoingtowatch解析：本题考查一般将来时，表示将来要发生的动作。句中"thisweekend"指示使用一般将来时态。三、判断题1.参考答案：×解析：Therelativepronoun"which"istypicallyusedtorefertothings,while"who"isusedforpeople.Using"which"torefertopeopleisgenerallyconsideredincorrectinstandardEnglish.2.参考答案：√解析：Inreportedspeech,theverbtenseusuallychangeswhenthereportingverbisinthepasttense.Forexample,"Hesaid,'Iamhappy'"becomes"Hesaidthathewashappy."3.参考答案：×解析：Theadverb"too"isplacedafterthemainverboraftertheauxiliaryverbinasentence.Forexample,"Heistootired"or"Hecantoodoit."4.参考答案：√解析："Heisinterestedinthebook"isacorrectsentence.Theverb"interested"isusedtodescribethesubject'sfeelingabouttheobject.5.参考答案：√解析：Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.Forexample,"Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforehewentout."6.参考答案：√解析："However"isusedtoshowcontrastbetweentwoideas.Forexample,"Heisrich;however,heisnothappy."7.参考答案：×解析：Whenmakingarequest,themodalverb"should"or"may"isoftenusedinsteadof"must."Forexample,"Youshouldstudyharder"or"Youmayborrowmybook."8.参考答案：√解析："Shewenttothestoreyesterday"isanexampleofthesimplepasttense.Theverb"went"isthepasttenseformof"go."9.参考答案：√解析："Yours"isapossessivepronounusedtoshowownershipofsomething.Forexample,"Thisbookisyours."10.参考答案：√解析："And"isusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauses.Forexample,"Shelikestoreadandshelikestowrite."四、简答题1.参考答案：Itisusedtodescribeactionsorsituationsthatstartedinthepastandcontinueuptothepresentmoment,oractionsthathavebeencompletedrecentlybuthaverelevancetothepresent.Itisalsousedforlifeexperiences.解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法。现在完成时主要用于描述过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，或最近完成的动作对现在的影响。例如，“Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears.”（我住在这里五年了。）或“Haveyouevertraveledabroad?”（你曾经出国旅行过吗？）解析中明确了现在完成时的两个主要用法，并举例说明，帮助学生理解其应用场景。2.参考答案：Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwasinprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.Itoftenintroducesabackgroundactioninastoryornarrative.解析：本题考查过去进行时的用法。过去进行时用于描述过去某个特定时间点正在进行的动作，常用于描述背景动作或同时发生的动作。例如，“IwaswatchingTVwhenhecalled.”（他打电话时我正在看电视。）解析中解释了其基本用法，并举例说明。3.参考答案：Threecommonirregularverbsare:go-went-gone;see-saw-seen;eat-ate-eaten.解析：本题考查不规则动词的变形。不规则动词的过去式和过去分词需要单独记忆。例如，“go”的过去式是“went”，过去分词是“gone”；“see”的过去式是“saw”，过去分词是“seen”；“eat”的过去式是“ate”，过去分词是“eaten。”解析中列举了三个常见的不规则动词及其变形，帮助学生记忆。4.参考答案：“Can”isusedtoexpressabilityorskill,while“may”isusedtoaskfororgivepermission.Forexample,"Icanswim."(Ihavetheabilitytoswim.)and"MayIuseyourphone?"(Iamaskingforpermissiontouseyourphone.)解析：本题考查“can”和“may”的区别。“can”表示能力或技能，例如“Icanplaythepiano.”（我会弹钢琴。）而“may”表示请求或给予许可，例如“MayIgotothebathroom?”（我可以去洗手间吗？）解析中通过例句明确了两个词的不同用法。5.参考答案：“Must”isusedtoexpressstrongnecessityorobligation.Forexample,"Youmustfinishyourhomework."(Youhaveastrongobligationtofinishyourhomework.)解析：本题考查“must”的用法。“must”表示强烈的必要性或义务，例如“Youmustattendthemeeting.”（你必须参加会议。）解析中解释了其用法，并举例说明。6.参考答案：Asimplefuturetensesentenceusing"will"hasthestructure:Subject+will+baseverb.Forexample,"Shewillgotothestoretomorrow."解析：本题考查简单将来时的结构。使用“will”的简单将来时句子结构为“主语+will+动词原形”，例如“Shewillfinishherworktoday.”（她今天会完成她的工作。）解析中给出了结构，并举例说明。7.参考答案：Thenegativeformofthepresentsimpletenseis:Subject+do/doesnot+baseverb.Forexample,"Hedoesnotplayfootball."Theinterrogativeformis:Do/Does+subject+baseverb?Forexample,"Doesheplayfootball?"解析：本题考查现在简单时的否定和疑问形式。否定形式为“主语+do/doesnot+动词原形”，例如“Hedoesnotlikecoffee.”疑问形式为“Do/Does+主语+动词原形？”，例如“Doyoulivehere?”解析中给出了两种形式，并举例说明。8.参考答案：Thesecondconditionalisusedtotalkabouthypotheticalorunlikelysituationsinthepresentorfutureandtheirpossibleresults.Thestructureis:If+simplepresent,...would+baseverb.Forexample,"IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldbuyahouse."解析：本题考查第二条件式的用法。第二条件式用于描述现在或未来不太可能发生的情况及其可能的结果，结构为“如果+现在简单时，……会+动词原形”，例如“Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldcancelthepicnic.”（如果明天下雨，我们会取消野餐。）解析中解释了其用法，并举例说明。五、应用题1.参考答案：Dearclassmates,IamexcitedtoinviteyoualltoourschoolpartyonFriday,June8th,at7PMintheschoolhall.Therewillbemusic,food,andgames.Joinusforafunevening!解析：本题考查写作能力，要求学生写一篇邀请函。学生需要包含日期、时间和地点，并表达对同学们的邀请。答案中包含了所有必要信息，语言简洁明了，符合邀请函的格式和内容要求。2.参考答案：Lucymightsay,"Ofcourse,I'dbehappytohelp.Letmeseetheproblem.Wecanworkonittogether."解析：本题考查阅读理解和写作能力，要求学生根据对话内容写一段话。学生需要理解Tom的请求，并写出Lucy可能的回应。答案中Lucy的回应礼貌且有帮助，符合语境和语言要求。