2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元阅读理解练习题及答案

2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元阅读理解练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元阅读理解练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.ThehistoryofcomputersB.ThedevelopmentoftheinternetC.ThefutureoftechnologyD.Theimportanceoflearningprogramming参考答案：B2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofusingcomputers?A.Theycanhelppeoplelearnnewthings.B.Theycansavepeoplealotoftime.C.Theycanmakepeople'slivesmorecomplicated.D.Theycanhelppeoplecommunicatewithothers.参考答案：C3.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Topersuadepeopletobuycomputers.B.Toinformpeopleabouttheadvantagesofcomputers.C.Toentertainpeoplewithstoriesaboutcomputers.D.Tocriticizepeopleforusingcomputerstoomuch.参考答案：B4.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthefirstcomputerlike?A.Itwasverysmallandportable.B.Itwasverylargeandexpensive.C.Itwasveryeasytouse.D.Itwasverydifferentfrommoderncomputers.参考答案：B5.Whatdoestheword"revolutionary"meaninthepassage?A.NewanddifferentB.OldandtraditionalC.ExpensiveanddifficultD.Slowandinefficient参考答案：A6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthebiggestchallengesfacingtechnologytoday?A.ThecostoftechnologyB.ThelackoftechnologyC.ThespeedoftechnologyD.Thecomplexityoftechnology参考答案：D7.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledointhefuture?A.Stopusingtechnology.B.Usetechnologymorewisely.C.Ignoretechnology.D.Onlyusetechnologyforfun.参考答案：B8.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthebenefitsofusingtheinternet?A.Itcanhelppeoplelearnnewthings.B.Itcansavepeoplealotoftime.C.Itcanmakepeople'slivesmorecomplicated.D.Itcanhelppeoplecommunicatewithothers.参考答案：A9.Whatdoestheword"advancements"meaninthepassage?A.NewdevelopmentsB.OldproblemsC.DifficultchallengesD.Slowprogress参考答案：A10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthebiggestchallengesfacingthefutureoftechnology?A.ThecostoftechnologyB.ThelackoftechnologyC.ThespeedoftechnologyD.Thecomplexityoftechnology参考答案：D二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.TheweatherinShanghaiisusually______inspring.参考答案：warmer2.Myfatheroften______tothegymafterwork.参考答案：goes3.Sheisinterestedinplayingthe______.参考答案：piano4.TheyareplanningtovisittheGreatWallnext______.参考答案：summer5.Therestaurantnearmyhomeserves______food.参考答案：Chinese6.Hereceivedabirthdaygiftfromhis______.参考答案：uncle7.Mybrotheristallerthanme.参考答案：__8.Pleasepassthebooktomeonthe______.参考答案：right9.Myfatherwenttothesupermarketthis______.参考答案：morning10.Whatdoesthepassagemainly______?参考答案：tell三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Thedoctorsuggestedthatsheshouldtakemoreexercisetoimproveherhealth.参考答案：√2.It'simportanttoprotecttheenvironmentbecauseweonlyhaveoneEarth.参考答案：√3.Myfatheroftenlistenstothenewsontheradiointhemorning.参考答案：√4.Sheisinterestedincollectingstampsbecausetheyarecolorfulandvaluable.参考答案：√5.Thelibraryopensat8:00a.m.andclosesat5:00p.m.onweekends.参考答案：×6.Hereceivedabirthdaygiftfromhisbestfriendlastweek.参考答案：√7.Mybrotheristallerthanme.参考答案：√8.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?参考答案：×9.Sheisinterestedinplayingthepianobecauseitisabeautifulinstrument.参考答案：√10.TheweatherinShanghaiisusuallysunnyandrainy.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.Whatarethemainbenefitsofrecycling?参考答案：Recyclinghasmanybenefits,suchassavingenergy,reducingpollution,andconservingnaturalresources.Italsocreatesjobsandreducestheamountofwastesenttolandfills.2.Howdoesrecyclinghelpprotecttheenvironment?参考答案：Recyclinghelpsprotecttheenvironmentbyreducingtheamountofwastethatendsupinlandfills,whichcanreleaseharmfulgases.Italsoreducestheneedfornewresources,whichcanbeenvironmentallydamagingtoextract.Recyclingcanalsohelptopreserveecosystemsandbiodiversity.3.Whyisitimportanttoconservewater?参考答案：Itisimportanttoconservewaterbecausewaterisafiniteresource,andfreshwaterisbecomingincreasinglyscarceinmanypartsoftheworld.Conservingwaterhelpstoensurethatthereisenoughwaterforfuturegenerationsandforecosystems.4.Howcanindividualsreducetheircarbonfootprint?参考答案：Individualscanreducetheircarbonfootprintbyusingpublictransportation,walking,orbikinginsteadofdriving,usingenergy-efficientappliances,reducingwaste,andrecycling.5.Whyisitimportanttoplanttrees?参考答案：Plantingtreesisimportantbecausetheyabsorbcarbondioxide,whichhelpstomitigateclimatechange.Theyalsoprovideoxygen,improveairquality,andprovidehabitatforwildlife.6.Howdoesusingreusablebagsbenefittheenvironment?参考答案：Usingreusablebagsbenefitstheenvironmentbyreducingtheamountofplasticwastethatendsupinlandfillsandoceans.Italsoreducestheneedformanufacturingnewbags,whichcansaveenergyandresources.7.Whataresomecommonhouseholditemsthatcanberecycled?参考答案：Somecommonhouseholditemsthatcanberecycledincludepaper,cardboard,glass,plasticbottles,andaluminumcans.8.Howcanschoolspromoterecyclingamongstudents?参考答案：Schoolscanpromoterecyclingamongstudentsbyimplementingrecyclingprograms,educatingstudentsabouttheimportanceofrecycling,andprovidingconvenientrecyclingfacilities.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）（先阅读下面材料，再根据材料内容作答，答案写在对应题目下方的横线上）Whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool?Manystudentshavedifferentafter-schoolactivities.Somegotoschoolclubs,whileothersplaysportsordohomework.Inmyneighborhood,thereisasmallcommunitycenterwherepeopleofallagescanlearnandhavefun.Thecenteroffersvariousclasses,suchascooking,dancing,andpainting.Lastweek,Ivisitedthecenterandsignedupforapaintingclass.TheclassisheldeverySaturdaymorning,andit'sverypopular.Thereareabout20studentsintheclass,andtheteacherisverypatientandtalented.Sheteachesushowtomixcolorsandcreatedifferentartworks.Ienjoytheclassbecauseithelpsmerelaxandbemorecreative.Ifyouareinterestedinpainting,youcanjoinusnextSaturday.Thecenteralsohasalibraryandacomputerroom,whichareveryusefulforstudentswhowanttostudyordoresearch.Thecommunitycenterisagreatplaceforpeopletospendtheirfreetimeandmakenewfriends.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thewriter'sexperienceinapaintingclassB.TheactivitiesavailableatthecommunitycenterC.Theimportanceofafter-schoolactivitiesD.Thebenefitsofjoiningaschoolclub参考答案：B2.Howoftenisthepaintingclassheld?A.EverydayB.EverySundayC.EverySaturdaymorningD.Everyafternoon参考答案：C3.Whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutthepaintingclass?A.ItisboringB.ItisdifficultC.ItisrelaxingandcreativeD.Itisonlyfortalentedstudents参考答案：C4.Whatotherfacilitiesdoesthecommunitycenterhave?A.AgymandaswimmingpoolB.AlibraryandacomputerroomC.AplaygroundandabasketballcourtD.Acafeteriaandastudyhall参考答案：B5.Whydoesthewriterrecommendthecommunitycenter?A.BecauseitisclosetohishomeB.BecauseitisveryexpensiveC.BecauseitisagreatplaceforpeopletospendtheirfreetimeD.Becauseithasmanyfamousartists参考答案：C6.Whatisthenameofthewriter?A.LilyB.TomC.DavidD.Wedon'tknow参考答案：D7.Whatistheagerangeofthestudentsinthepaintingclass?A.5-10yearsoldB.10-15yearsoldC.15-20yearsoldD.Allages参考答案：D8.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.ToadvertisethecommunitycenterB.TotellastoryaboutthewriterC.Todescribethewriter'sdailylifeD.Toexplainthebenefitsofafter-schoolactivities参考答案：A标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于科技发展的知识点。文章主要讨论了互联网的发展历程和影响，所以B选项“互联网的发展”是正确答案。A选项“计算机的历史”虽然相关，但不是文章的主要内容。C选项“技术的未来”和D选项“学习编程的重要性”虽然与文章有关，但也不是文章的主要内容。2.参考答案：C解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于计算机的优缺点知识点。文章提到计算机可以帮助人们学习新事物、节省时间和与他人交流，但没有提到计算机会使人们的生活变得更复杂。所以C选项“计算机会使人们的生活变得更复杂”是错误选项。A选项“计算机可以帮助人们学习新事物”、B选项“计算机可以节省人们很多时间”和D选项“计算机可以帮助人们与他人交流”都是文章中提到的计算机的优点。3.参考答案：B解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于作者写作目的的知识点。文章的主要目的是informpeopleabouttheadvantagesofcomputers（告知人们计算机的优点），所以B选项“告知人们计算机的优点”是正确答案。A选项“劝说人们购买计算机”、C选项“用计算机的故事娱乐人们”和D选项“批评人们使用计算机太多”都不是文章的主要目的。4.参考答案：B解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于早期计算机的特点知识点。文章提到早期的计算机非常largeandexpensive（很大且昂贵），所以B选项“早期计算机很大且昂贵”是正确答案。A选项“早期计算机很小且便携”、C选项“早期计算机很容易使用”和D选项“早期计算机与现代计算机很不同”都不符合文章的描述。5.参考答案：A解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于词汇理解的知识点。“revolutionary”在本文中的意思是newanddifferent（新颖且不同），所以A选项“新颖且不同”是正确答案。B选项“旧且传统”、C选项“昂贵且困难”和D选项“缓慢且低效”都不符合文章的语境。6.参考答案：D解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于科技挑战的知识点。文章提到科技今天面临的biggestchallenge（最大挑战）是complexityoftechnology（技术的复杂性），所以D选项“技术的复杂性”是正确答案。A选项“技术的成本”、B选项“缺乏技术”和C选项“技术的速度”都不符合文章的描述。7.参考答案：B解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于作者建议的知识点。作者建议peopleusetechnologymorewisely（人们更明智地使用技术），所以B选项“更明智地使用技术”是正确答案。A选项“停止使用技术”、C选项“忽视技术”和D选项“只为乐趣使用技术”都不符合文章的建议。8.参考答案：A解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于互联网的优点的知识点。文章提到互联网的一个好处是itcanhelppeoplelearnnewthings（它可以帮助人们学习新事物），所以A选项“它可以帮助人们学习新事物”是正确答案。B选项“它可以帮助人们节省很多时间”、C选项“它会使人们的生活变得更复杂”和D选项“它可以帮助人们与他人交流”都不符合文章的描述。9.参考答案：A解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于词汇理解的知识点。“advancements”在本文中的意思是newdevelopments（新发展），所以A选项“新发展”是正确答案。B选项“旧问题”、C选项“困难挑战”和D选项“缓慢进展”都不符合文章的语境。10.参考答案：D解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于未来科技挑战的知识点。文章提到未来科技面临的biggestchallenge（最大挑战）是complexityoftechnology（技术的复杂性），所以D选项“技术的复杂性”是正确答案。A选项“技术的成本”、B选项“缺乏技术”和C选项“技术的速度”都不符合文章的描述。二、填空题1.参考答案：warmer解析：本题考查〈上册第10单元：天气与季节〉。题干询问上海春季的天气特点，根据常识和教材内容，上海春季气温较冬季有所回升，故用“warmer”表示“更暖和的”。2.参考答案：goes解析：本题考查〈上册第10单元：日常活动与习惯〉。题干描述父亲下班后的固定动作，需用一般现在时表达习惯性动作，故填“goes”。3.参考答案：piano解析：本题考查〈上册第10单元：兴趣爱好与才艺〉。题干表达“她喜欢弹奏什么乐器”，根据常见搭配和教材内容，填“piano”（钢琴）。4.参考答案：summer解析：本题考查〈上册第10单元：计划与未来活动〉。题干描述计划中的旅行时间，根据“GreatWall”（长城）的旅游季节，通常选择夏季，故填“summer”。5.参考答案：Chinese解析：本题考查〈上册第10单元：饮食与文化〉。题干描述家附近餐厅的菜系，结合上海地域特点，填“Chinese”（中餐）。6.参考答案：uncle解析：本题考查〈上册第10单元：家庭关系与称谓〉。题干描述生日礼物的来源，根据“receivedabirthdaygift”和“fromhis”，推测是叔叔或伯伯，故填“uncle”。7.参考答案：__解析：本题考查〈上册第10单元：比较级用法〉。题干结构为“比较级+than”，需填入形容词或副词的比较级形式，但题干未给出具体比较对象，无法作答。8.参考答案：right解析：本题考查〈上册第10单元：方位介词与指示代词〉。题干描述传递物品的位置，根据“onthe”，需填入指示代词“right”（右边）。9.参考答案：morning解析：本题考查〈上册第10单元：时间与日常活动〉。题干描述购物时间，根据“wenttothesupermarket”和“this”，推测是早上，故填“morning”。10.参考答案：tell解析：本题考查〈上册第10单元：阅读理解主旨大意〉。题干询问文章主要目的，根据阅读理解技巧，需填入动词“tell”（告诉）表示文章的告知功能。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“建议与建议的表达方式”。题干中的“suggestedthatsheshouldtakemoreexercise”表明医生建议她多锻炼以改善健康，符合建议的表达方式，故判断正确。2.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“环境保护的重要性”。题干中提到“weonlyhaveoneEarth”，强调地球的唯一性，说明保护环境的重要性，故判断正确。3.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“日常活动描述”。题干中描述了父亲在早晨听新闻的行为，符合日常活动描述，故判断正确。4.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“兴趣爱好”。题干中提到“collectingstampsbecausetheyarecolorfulandvaluable”，说明她对集邮的兴趣及原因，符合兴趣爱好描述，故判断正确。5.参考答案：×解析：本题考查“时间与地点”。题干中提到图书馆周末的开放时间，但并未提到工作日的开放时间，故判断错误。6.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“礼物与人际关系”。题干中提到“receivedabirthdaygiftfromhisbestfriend”，说明他收到了朋友的生日礼物，符合礼物与人际关系的描述，故判断正确。7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“家庭成员比较”。题干中直接比较了“mybrother”和“me”的身高，符合家庭成员比较的描述，故判断正确。8.参考答案：×解析：本题考查“阅读理解主旨”。题干中是一个问句，并未提供文章内容，无法判断文章主旨，故判断错误。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“兴趣爱好与原因”。题干中提到“playingthepianobecauseitisabeautifulinstrument”，说明她对弹钢琴的兴趣及原因，符合兴趣爱好描述，故判断正确。10.参考答案：×解析：本题考查“天气描述”。题干中提到“usuallysunnyandrainy”，描述了上海的天气，但“usually”表示通常，并非绝对，故判断错误。四、简答题1.参考答案：Recyclinghasmanybenefits,suchassavingenergy,reducingpollution,andconservingnaturalresources.Italsocreatesjobsandreducestheamountofwastesenttolandfills.解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于“Recycling”的知识点。解析：Recyclingbenefitstheenvironmentandeconomyinseveralways.First,itsavesenergybyusinglessrawmaterial.Second,itreducespollutionbecauserecyclingprocessesoftenproducelesspollutionthanmakingproductsfromscratch.Third,itconservesnaturalresourcesbyreducingtheneedtoextractnewmaterials.Additionally,recyclingcreatesjobsincollection,processing,andmanufacturingindustries.Finally,itreducestheamountofwastesenttolandfills,whichhelpstoextendtheirlifespanandreduceenvironmentalhazards.2.参考答案：Recyclinghelpsprotecttheenvironmentbyreducingtheamountofwastethatendsupinlandfills,whichcanreleaseharmfulgases.Italsoreducestheneedfornewresources,whichcanbeenvironmentallydamagingtoextract.Recyclingcanalsohelptopreserveecosystemsandbiodiversity.解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于“Recycling”的知识点。解析：Recyclinghelpsprotecttheenvironmentinseveralways.First,itreducestheamountofwastethatendsupinlandfills,whichcanreleasemethaneandotherharmfulgases.Second,itreducestheneedtoextractnewresources,whichcanbeenvironmentallydamaging.Forexample,miningfornewmaterialscanleadtohabitatdestructionandsoilerosion.Third,recyclingcanhelppreserveecosystemsandbiodiversitybyreducingthedemandfornewlandforresourceextraction.3.参考答案：Itisimportanttoconservewaterbecausewaterisafiniteresource,andfreshwaterisbecomingincreasinglyscarceinmanypartsoftheworld.Conservingwaterhelpstoensurethatthereisenoughwaterforfuturegenerationsandforecosystems.解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于“WaterConservation”的知识点。解析：Conservingwateriscrucialbecausewaterisafiniteresource,andfreshwaterisbecomingincreasinglyscarceduetopopulationgrowth,climatechange,andpollution.Freshwaterisessentialforhumansurvival,agriculture,andecosystems.Byconservingwater,wecanensurethatthereisenoughwaterforfuturegenerationsandforthehealthofecosystems.4.参考答案：Individualscanreducetheircarbonfootprintbyusingpublictransportation,walking,orbikinginsteadofdriving,usingenergy-efficientappliances,reducingwaste,andrecycling.解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于“CarbonFootprint”的知识点。解析：Reducingone'scarbonfootprintinvolvesmakinglifestylechangesthatdecreasetheamountofgreenhousegasesreleasedintotheatmosphere.Someeffectivewaystoreducecarbonfootprintincludeusingpublictransportation,walking,orbikinginsteadofdriving,whichreducesfuelconsumptionandemissions.Usingenergy-efficientappliancesandlightbulbscanalsosignificantlyreduceenergyconsumptionandassociatedcarbonemissions.Reducingwasteandrecyclinghelptodecreasethedemandfornewproducts,whichoftenrequireenergy-intensivemanufacturingprocesses.Additionally,supportingrenewableenergysourcesandeatingaplant-baseddietcanfurtherreduceone'scarbonfootprint.5.参考答案：Plantingtreesisimportantbecausetheyabsorbcarbondioxide,whichhelpstomitigateclimatechange.Theyalsoprovideoxygen,improveairquality,andprovidehabitatforwildlife.解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于“PlantingTrees”的知识点。解析：Plantingtreesiscrucialforseveralreasons.First,treesabsorbcarbondioxide,amajorgreenhousegas,fromtheatmospherethroughphotosynthesis.Thishelpstomitigateclimatechangebyreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideintheair.Second,treesreleaseoxygen,whichisessentialforhumanandanimallife.Third,treesimproveairqualitybyfilteringpollutants.Additionally,treesprovidehabitatforwildlife,supportingbiodiversityandecosystemhealth.6.参考答案：Usingreusablebagsbenefitstheenvironmentbyreducingtheamountofplasticwastethatendsupinlandfillsandoceans.Italsoreducestheneedformanufacturingnewbags,whichcansaveenergyandresources.解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于“ReusableBags”的知识点。解析：Usingreusablebagsbenefitstheenvironmentinseveralways.First,itreducestheamountofplasticwastethatendsupinlandfillsandoceans,whereitcanharmwildlifeandecosystems.Plasticbagstakealongtimetodecompose,andtheyoftenenduppollutingwaterwaysandharmingmarinelife.Second,usingreusablebagsreducestheneedformanufacturingnewbags,whichcansaveenergyandresources.Theproductionofplasticbagsrequiressignificantamountsofpetroleumandenergy,anditcontributestopollutionandenvironmentaldegradation.7.参考答案：Somecommonhouseholditemsthatcanberecycledincludepaper,cardboard,glass,plasticbottles,andaluminumcans.解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于“RecyclableItems”的知识点。解析：Manyhouseholditemscanberecycledtoreducewasteandconserveresources.Commonrecyclableitemsincludepaper,suchasnewspapers,magazines,andofficepaper;cardboard,suchasboxesandpackaging;glass,suchasbottlesandjars;plasticbottles,whichareoftenlabeledwitharecyclingnumber;andaluminumcans,whicharehighlyrecyclableandcanberecycledrepeatedlywithoutlosingquality.8.参考答案：Schoolscanpromoterecyclingamongstudentsbyimplementingrecyclingprograms,educatingstudentsabouttheimportanceofrecycling,andprovidingconvenientrecyclingfacilities.解析：本题考查《2026年上海市沪教版初中英语八年级上册第10单元》关于“SchoolRecyclingPrograms”的知识点。解析：Schoolscanplayasignificantro