2026年小学英语词汇拓展与语法应用综合试卷及答案

2026年小学英语词汇拓展与语法应用综合试卷及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共30分）1.—____doyougotothelibrary?—Twiceaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmanyD.Howmuch答案B解析根据回答"Twiceaweek"（一周两次），提问频率应使用Howoften。Howlong提问时长，Howmany提问数量，Howmuch提问价格或不可数名词数量。2.She____inthisschoolsince2020.A.studiesB.studiedC.hasstudiedD.isstudying答案C解析since2020是现在完成时的标志词，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，谓语动词用"have/has+过去分词"。主语She为第三人称单数，用hasstudied。3.Tomis____thananyotherstudentinhisclass.A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest答案B解析than是比较级的标志词，tall的比较级为taller。"比较级+thananyother+单数名词"是常见的比较级句型，表示"比其他任何一个都……"。4.—MustIfinishtheworktoday?—No,you____.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't答案B解析Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn't或don'thaveto，表示"不必"。mustn't表示"禁止"，语气过强；can't表示"不能"；shouldn't表示"不应该"。5.There____abookandtwopensonthedesk.A.isB.areC.hasD.have答案A解析Therebe句型遵循"就近原则"，即谓语动词与最靠近的主语保持一致。此处离谓语最近的主语是abook（单数），因此用is。6.Theteachertoldus____inclass.A.nottalkB.don'ttalkC.nottotalkD.tonottalk答案C解析tellsb.todosth.的否定形式为tellsb.nottodosth.，not必须放在不定式符号to的前面。7.Hewassotiredthathefell____quickly.A.sleepB.sleepyC.asleepD.sleeping答案C解析fallasleep是固定搭配，意为"入睡"。sleep是动词或名词，sleepy意为"困倦的"，sleeping不能与fall搭配。8.Couldyoutellme____?A.whereisthepostofficeB.wherethepostofficeisC.wherewasthepostofficeD.wherethepostofficewas答案B解析宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），排除A和C。主句谓语Couldyoutellme是委婉请求，并非过去时，从句时态不需变为过去时，排除D。9.I'llgototheparkifit____tomorrow.A.won'trainB.doesn'trainC.isn'trainD.don'train答案B解析主将从现——主句用一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来。主语it为第三人称单数，否定形式为doesn'train。10.—____fineweatheritistoday!—Let'sgoforawalk.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa答案A解析weather是不可数名词，感叹句中不加冠词a。What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！11.Thelittlegirlwas__frightened__shecouldn'tsayaword.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.enough;to答案A解析so...that...意为"如此……以至于……"，so后面接形容词或副词。such后面接名词。frightened是形容词，因此用so...that。12.Hespenttwohours____hishomeworkyesterday.A.doB.doingC.todoD.did答案B解析spendtimedoingsth.是固定搭配，意为"花时间做某事"，动名词形式doing不能变为不定式。13.NeitherhenorI____astudent.A.amB.isC.areD.be答案A解析neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循"就近原则"，与靠近的主语保持一致。此处靠近的主语是I，用am。14.Thenumberofstudentsinourclass____fifty.A.areB.isC.hasD.have答案B解析thenumberof意为"……的数量"，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。注意与anumberof（许多）区分，后者谓语动词用复数。15.—Wouldyoumind____thewindow?—Ofcoursenot.A.openB.openingC.toopenD.opened答案B解析minddoingsth.是固定搭配，意为"介意做某事"，mind后接动名词形式。二、词汇运用（每题2分，共20分）用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.Therearemany_____(different)betweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.答案differences解析many后接可数名词复数，different的名词形式为difference，复数加s。2.Heisoneofthemostfamous_____(science)intheworld.答案scientists解析"oneofthe+最高级+复数名词"是固定结构，science的表示人名词为scientist，此处用复数scientists。3.Thechildrenwere_____(excite)abouttheschooltrip.答案excited解析excite的形容词有excite→excited（人感到兴奋的）和exciting（事物令人兴奋的）。主语是children（人），用excited。4.Mybrotheris_____(interest)inplayingbasketball.答案interested解析beinterestedin是固定搭配，意为"对……感兴趣"，修饰人用interested。5.ShespeaksEnglish_____(fluent)thanbefore.答案morefluently解析than是比较级标志。fluent的副词形式为fluently，比较级在前面加more。6.Eatingtoomuchfastfoodis_____(health),soweshouldeatmorevegetables.答案unhealthy解析根据后文"soweshouldeatmorevegetables"可知句意是"吃不健康的食物"，health加否定前缀un-变为形容词unhealthy。7.The_____(twenty)lessonisthemostdifficultinthisbook.答案twentieth解析表示"第几课"用序数词，twenty的序数词为twentieth（将y改为i，再加eth）。8.Weshouldtryourbesttouse_____(environment)friendlyproducts.答案environmentally解析修饰形容词friendly需用副词形式，environment的副词为environmentally。environmentallyfriendly意为"环保的"。9.His_____(decide)tostudyabroadsurprisedeveryone.答案decision解析his后接名词，decide的名词形式为decision。10.Thestoryisso_____(fun)thatwealllaughed.答案funny解析fun为名词，其形容词形式为funny，意为"有趣的、好笑的"，作表语。三、句型转换（每题2分，共10分）1.Shehasalreadyfinishedherhomework.（改为否定句）→She____finishedherhomework___.答案hasn't;finished;yet解析现在完成时的否定形式在has后加not（hasn't），already在否定句中改为yet，放在句末。2."Iwillcomebacktomorrow,"hesaid.（改为间接引语）→Hesaid______comebackthenextday.答案he;would解析间接引语中人称要变化，I改为he；时态要后退一步，will改为would；tomorrow改为thenextday。3.Theboxisveryheavy.Ican'tcarryit.（合并为一句）→Theboxis___heavy___Ican'tcarryit.答案so;that解析so...that...引导结果状语从句，表示"如此……以至于……"。so修饰形容词heavy，that引出结果。4.Theybuiltthebridgein2020.（改为被动语态）→Thebridge______in2020.答案was;built解析被动语态结构为"be+过去分词"。原句built是一般过去时，主语thebridge是单数，be动词用was，build的过去分词为built。5.Hegoestoschoolbybuseveryday.（对画线部分提问，画线部分为bybus）→______hegotoschooleveryday?答案How;does解析提问交通方式用How。原句谓语goes是一般现在时第三人称单数，疑问句需借助does，goes还原为go。四、完形填空（每题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从各题所给的选项中选出最佳答案。DearTom,Howtimeflies!IthasbeenayearsinceI1._tothisnewschool.Atfirst,Iwasnervousabouteverything.Ididn'tknow2._andIfeltlonely.Butmyclassmateswerevery3._tome.Theyhelpedme4._mylessonsandinvitedmetojointheiractivities.Now,Ihavemademanygood5._.Weoftenplaybasketball6._afterschool.MyfavoritesubjectisEnglish7._ourteachermakeseveryclassinteresting.Shealways8._ustospeakbravelyandneverlaughsatourmistakes.Lastweek,wehadasportsmeet.Itookpartintherelayraceandourteam9._firstprize!Iwassoproud.Ithinkthisschoolyearisthe10._timeofmylifesofar.Pleasewritebacksoon!Yours,LiMing1.A.cameB.comeC.comesD.coming答案A2.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.everybody答案B解析否定句中用anybody，表示"我不认识任何人"。3.A.friendlyB.kindlyC.happilyD.badly答案A解析befriendlytosb.意为"对某人友好"，friendly是形容词。4.A.inB.withC.onD.at答案B解析helpsb.withsth.意为"在某方面帮助某人"。5.A.friendsB.friendC.friendlyD.friendship答案A解析makefriends意为"交朋友"，固定搭配，用复数形式。6.A.togetherB.aloneC.lonelyD.only答案A解析together意为"一起"，playtogether表示"一起玩"。7.A.soB.becauseC.butD.or答案B解析后文解释喜欢英语的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。8.A.makesB.letsC.encouragesD.tells答案C解析encouragesb.todosth.意为"鼓励某人做某事"，符合语境——老师鼓励学生大胆发言。9.A.beatB.wonC.tookD.got答案B解析winfirstprize意为"赢得一等奖"，win后接奖品、比赛等。beat后接对手。10.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well答案C解析the+最高级，表示"最好的时光"，good的最高级为best。五、阅读理解（每题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，从各题所给的选项中选出最佳答案。（A）TheInternethaschangedourlivesinmanyways.BeforetheInternet,peopleusedtowriteletterstocommunicatewithfriendsfaraway.Ittookdaysorevenweeksforalettertoarrive.Now,wecansendemailsormessagesinjustafewseconds.Shoppinghasalsochangedalot.Inthepast,peoplehadtogotostorestobuythings.Today,moreandmorepeopleshoponline.Theycanbuyalmostanything—books,clothes,food,andevencars—withoutleavinghome.However,theInternetalsobringsproblems.Somestudentsspendtoomuchtimeplayingonlinegames.Theydon'thaveenoughtimefortheirstudiesorexercise.Also,notallinformationontheInternetistrue.Weneedtobecarefulwhenwereadonline.Inconclusion,theInternetislikeadouble-edgedsword.Itmakesourliveseasier,butwemustuseitwisely.1.HowdidpeoplecommunicatebeforetheInternet?A.ByphoneB.ByletterC.ByemailD.Bymessage答案B2.Howlongdoesittaketosendanemailnow?A.DaysB.WeeksC.AfewsecondsD.Hours答案C3.Whatcanpeoplebuyonline?A.OnlybooksB.OnlyclothesC.OnlyfoodD.Almostanything答案D4.WhatproblemdoestheInternetbringtostudents?A.Theycan'tfindinformationB.TheyspendtoomuchtimeongamesC.Theycan'tshoponlineD.Theydon'tlikestores答案B5.Whatdoes"double-edgedsword"meaninthispassage?A.SomethingthatisalwaysgoodB.SomethingthatisalwaysbadC.SomethingthathasbothgoodandbadsidesD.Arealswordwithtwoedges答案C解析double-edgedsword（双刃剑）是比喻用法，结合上下文可知，互联网既有好处也有坏处，指事物具有两面性。（B）TheEarthisgettingwarmer.Thisiscalledglobalwarming.Scientistssaythatitismainlycausedbyhumanactivities.Whenweburncoal,oil,andgas,weproducealotofcarbondioxide(二氧化碳).ThisgastrapsheatintheatmosphereandmakestheEarthwarmer.Globalwarminghasmanyeffects.TheiceattheNorthandSouthPolesismelting.Sealevelsarerising.Someanimals,likepolarbears,arelosingtheirhomes.Insomeplaces,therearemoredroughts(干旱)andfloodsthanbefore.Whatcanwedotohelp?First,wecanuselessenergy.Turnofflightswhenwedon'tneedthem.Walkorrideabikeinsteadofdriving.Second,wecanplantmoretrees.Treescanabsorbcarbondioxideandprovideoxygen.Third,wecanrecyclepaper,plastic,andglass.Thishelpsreducewaste.Everyonecandosomethingtoprotectourplanet.Evensmallactionscanmakeabigdifferenceifweallworktogether.6.Whatisthemaincauseofglobalwarming?A.ThesunB.HumanactivitiesC.AnimalsD.Trees答案B7.WhatgasmakestheEarthwarmer?A.OxygenB.NitrogenC.CarbondioxideD.Hydrogen答案C8.Whichanimalismentionedaslosingitshome?A.PandaB.PolarbearC.