2026年中医执业助理医师考试《中医诊断学》冲刺押题

2026年中医执业助理医师考试《中医诊断学》冲刺押题考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、A1型题（单选题）1.下列哪项不属于“得神”的表现A.面色荣润B.精神饱满C.目光精彩D.面色晦暗E.语言清晰2.面色发青，多主A.寒证B.热证C.惊风D.痰饮E.湿证3.舌淡白胖大，边有齿痕，苔白滑，多属A.湿热内蕴B.脾虚湿盛C.阴虚火旺D.痰火内蕴E.瘀血阻络4.下列哪项不属于“少阳证”的典型脉象A.弦脉B.数脉C.浮脉D.洪脉E.长脉5.湿温病characteristicofsweatingandbodyacheisA.ShanghanB.WendiC.FebrilediseaseD.XiaokeE.Feiyan6.Apatienthasacoughwithexpectorationofyellow,stickysputum.ThepulseisA.ThreadyandrapidB.WiryandrapidC.SlenderandrapidD.ChoppyandrapidE.Surgingandrapid7.淡白舌主A.热证B.寒证C.阴虚D.血瘀E.痰饮8.RuddycomplexionandaredtonguewithscantycoatingindicateA.ColdexcessB.HeatexcessC.DeficiencycoldD.DeficiencyheatE.Phlegmdampness9.ThecharacteristicpulseoftheShaoyangsyndromeisA.FloatingandrapidB.DeepandslowC.WiryandrapidD.TautandslipperyE.Surgingandfull10.Apatientwithhypertensionhasapulsethatfeelstautandhard.Thetongueisredwithyellowcoating.ThisindicatesA.LiverblooddeficiencyB.LiverfireblazingupwardC.KidneyyindeficiencyD.HeartfireE.Spleenqideficiency二、A2型题（单选题）11.A45-year-oldmalepresentswithinsomnia,palpitations,anddream-disturbedsleep.Histongueisredwithlittlecoating,andhispulseisfineandrapid.ThediagnosisisA.HeartblooddeficiencyB.HeartyindeficiencyC.HeartfireD.HeartyangdeficiencyE.Liverfire12.A30-year-oldfemalecomplainsofirregularmenstruation,breastdistension,andirritability.Hertongueisredwithyellowcoating,andherpulseiswiry.ThediagnosisisA.LiverqistagnationB.LiverfireC.Liver-kidneyyindeficiencyD.Damp-heatintheliverandgallbladderE.Phlegm-fire13.Apatientwithtyphoidfeverhasahighfever,thirst,sweating,andarapid,fullpulse.ThediagnosisisA.TaiyangsyndromeB.YangmingsyndromeC.ShaoyangsyndromeD.YindeficiencyE.Bloodstasis14.Achildhassuddenhighfever,convulsions,andastaringgaze.Thetongueisredwithyellowcoating,andthepulseiswiryandrapid.ThissuggestsA.ColdphlegmB.Wind-coldC.Wind-heatD.Wind-dampE.Foodstagnation15.Apatientwithchronicgastritiscomplainsofepigastricpain,bloating,andloosestools.Thetongueispaleandswollenwithteethmarks.ThepulseisA.DeepandthreadyB.SurgingC.TautD.SlipperyE.Weak三、B1型题（配伍题）A.得神B.少神C.失神D.假神E.回光返照16.Apatientwithsevereillnesssuddenlybecomescheerfulandwantstoeat.Thisis17.Apatientwithsevereillnesshasadullexpression,sunkeneyes,andlackofresponse.ThisisA.WhitetonguecoatingB.YellowtonguecoatingC.GreasytonguecoatingD.FrothytonguecoatingE.Notonguecoating18.Indicatesheataccumulationinthestomach19.Indicatesdampnessorphlegm20.Indicatesyindeficiency四、A3/A4型题（病例分析题）(21-23共用题干)A50-year-oldmalehasbeendrinkingalcoholheavilyfor20years.Henowcomplainsofbittertasteinthemouth,distensioninthechestandflanks,irritability,andaredtonguewithyellowgreasycoating.Hispulseiswiryandslippery.21.TheprimarydiagnosisisA.LiverqistagnationB.LiverfireC.Damp-heatintheliverandgallbladderD.Phlegm-fireE.Foodstagnation22.Whichpulseismostcharacteristic?A.TautandrapidB.DeepandslowC.WiryandslipperyD.SurgingE.Choppy23.ThetreatmentprincipleshouldfocusonA.SoothingtheliverandregulatingqiB.ClearingheatanddrainingdampnessC.PromotingbloodcirculationandremovingstasisD.DryingdampnessandresolvingphlegmE.Tonifyingtheliverandkidney(24-26共用题干)A35-year-oldfemalehasafeverthatcomesandgoes.Shefeelschillsfollowedbyfever,accompaniedbybittertaste,drythroat,andapoorappetite.Herpulseiswiry.24.ThediseaselocationisprimarilyA.LungsB.SpleenC.StomachD.LiverandGallbladderE.Kidney25.ThediagnosisisA.ExteriorcoldsyndromeB.ExteriorheatsyndromeC.ShaoyangsyndromeD.TaiyangsyndromeE.Yindeficiency26.ThepulseofthissyndromeisA.FloatingandrapidB.DeepandslowC.WiryD.TautE.Slippery五、X1型题（多选题）27.IndicationsofaredtonguewithlittleornocoatingincludeA.YindeficiencyB.HeatinthebloodC.DeficiencycoldD.SevereheatE.Foodstagnation28.ClinicalmanifestationsofliverfireblazingupwardincludeA.HeadacheB.DizzinessC.RedeyesD.IrritabilityE.Yellowurine29.CharacteristicsofthewirypulseincludeA.LikeastringB.TautC.RapidD.LongE.Hard30.ClinicalmanifestationsofcoldphlegmincludeA.WhitesputumB.ThinsputumC.SweetsputumD.RetchingE.Vomiting31.Indicationsofadeep,thready,andrapidpulseincludeA.YindeficiencywithfireB.DeficiencyofbothQiandYinC.BloodstasisD.ExteriorcoldE.Heartdeficiency32.DiagnosticmethodsofTCMincludeA.InspectionB.AuscultationandOlfactionC.InquiryD.PulsetakingE.Abdominalpalpation33.SignsoftheShaoyangsyndromeincludeA.BittertasteB.DrythroatC.PoorappetiteD.ChestandflankpainE.Feverandchillsalternating34.ClinicalmanifestationsofspleendeficiencyincludeA.FatigueB.LoosestoolsC.AbdominaldistensionD.PaletongueE.Deeppulse35.CharacteristicsofthesurgingpulseincludeA.FeelinglikewaterbeatingadrumB.StrongandfullC.RapidD.TautE.Wiry试卷答案一、A1型题（单选题）1.D2.C3.B4.D5.B6.B7.B8.D9.C10.B二、A2型题（单选题）11.B12.B13.B14.C15.E三、B1型题（配伍题）16.D17.C18.B19.C20.E四、A3/A4型题（病例分析题）21.C22.C23.B24.D25.C26.C五、X1型题（多选题）27.ABD28.ABCD29.AB30.ABD31.AB32.ABCDE33.ABCDE34.ABCD35.AB解析思路：一、A1型题（单选题）1.解析：得神（有神）的表现包括面色荣润、目光精彩、神志清楚、语言清晰等。面色晦暗、精神萎靡是失神的表现。故选D。2.解析：面色发青主寒证、痛证、瘀血、惊风。故选C。3.解析：舌淡白胖大，边有齿痕，苔白滑，多主脾虚湿盛。故选B。4.解析：少阳病（半表半里证）的典型脉象是弦脉。洪脉主阳明热盛，非少阳证主脉。故选D。5.解析：湿温病的特点是湿邪缠绵，其特征症状包括身热不扬、身重、身痛、苔腻等。题目中描述的“sweatingandbodyache”对应的是湿温病的常见症状。故选B。6.解析：患者咳吐黄粘痰，属于热痰或痰热。脉象弦数主肝胆火旺或痰热内蕴。洪脉虽然也主热，但结合黄痰，弦数脉更能反映肝胆湿热或痰热内扰的特点。故选B。7.解析：淡白舌主寒证或血虚、阳虚。故选B。8.解析：红舌主热证，少苔或无苔主阴虚内热或胃气阴两伤。故选D。9.解析：少阳病（半表半里证）的典型脉象是弦脉。故选C。10.解析：高血压患者，脉象弦硬，舌红苔黄，属于肝火上炎或肝阳上亢。故选B。二、A2型题（单选题）11.解析：失眠、心悸、梦多、舌红少苔、脉细数，这是心阴虚内热的表现（心阴虚生内热）。故选B。12.解析：月经不调、乳房胀痛、急躁易怒、脉弦、舌红苔黄，这是肝气郁结化火（肝火）的表现。故选B。13.解析：高热、口渴、汗出、脉洪大，这是阳明经证或阳明腑证的热盛表现。故选B。14.解析：小儿高热、惊厥、舌红苔黄、脉弦数，这是热极生风（风热）的表现。故选C。15.解析：胃痛、腹胀、便溏、舌淡胖大齿痕、脉弱，这是脾虚湿盛的表现。故选E。三、B1型题（配伍题）16.解析：垂危病人突然出现精神好转、想吃东西，这是“假神”，又称回光返照，是正气将绝的