高频考点词类1　动词

专题四语法填空【把握考情——3年新高考命题统计分析】【专家谈高考——知命题新趋势】2025年高考英语语法填空在保持传统题型框架的基础上，呈现出文化融合深化、语境逻辑强化、思维品质提升三大创新趋势，具体变化可从以下维度深入解读：高频考点词类1动词动词提示类设空是历年高考的必考点，也是难点之一。因此备考时对动词提示类的训练仍是重中之重。【动词提示类宏观思维3大方向】解法1如何判断谓语动词谓语是高考语法填空的一个重要考点，谓语形式的变化主要涉及动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此类题目的考查侧重于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时的时态、语态和主谓一致；偶有考查过去完成时及含有情态动词的被动语态。典例印证(2025·全国二卷)Andintheprocess,I'veexperiencedthingsthatreallysurprisemeattimes.The“sunshinescent(香味)”offreshlysunnedclothes61.________(be)oneofthem.[解析]第一步：确定谓语动词该句是简单句，主语为The“sunshinescent(香味)”，此处缺少谓语动词。第二步：确定谓语动词的形式1．根据上句谓语动词haveexperienced、surprise暗含语境可知，本句描述的是现在的情况，故用一般现在时。2．主语The“sunshinescent”是单数，谓语动词应该填第三人称单数。[答案]is解题攻略考向1如何确定谓语动词时态考生要结合句意、时间标志词或上下文时态的提示，找准语境中动作发生的时间信息；结合时态的基本用法和时间信息确定用何种时态。典例印证(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Further，theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60.________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad，bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor61.thefirsttime.TheseplantsincludedmodernWestern62.favouritessuchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.Thepathoffersover300plantspeciesforvisitorstosee,too.[解析]第一步：先判定是否作谓语本句主题句为Further，theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60.________(walk)visitorsthroughajourney，空处在句中作谓语。第二步：再判定谓语的具体形式本句描述了theSilkRouteGarden的客观情况，时态用一般现在时；此处时态也可以根据下文中的“contains...guides...offers”判断；walk与主语theSilkRouteGarden之间为主动关系；主语表示第三人称单数。[答案]walks解题攻略通过“时间标志词＋语境暗示＋并列连词＋固定句式”4个技巧，可系统攻克时态难点，结合典题强化应用，逐步形成时态敏感度。技巧1利用时间标志解题典题试做1.(2025·全国一卷)Adecentwinneralways________(try)tobeattheopponentbynomorethanoneortwopointsasagesture(姿态)ofrespectfortheotherside.2.(2025·北京卷)However,accordingtoareportbytheWorldWildlifeFund,tourists________(leave)over1.3billiontonsoffoodwastelastyear,whichaccountedforabout8%ofthetotalglobalgasreleasein2024.3.(2025·湖北“新八校”协作体模拟)However,puttingsystemsandstepsinplacearounditemmanagement________(make)everydaylifeeasierforthosehoarders(囤积者)inthefuture,lesseningsuchtendencies.4.(2025·北京卷)Bythetimeyoubrushedyourteeth,you________(make)severaldecisionsevenwithoutnoticing.快捷思维1.看到often，usually，always，everytime，sometimes等时间状语，要想到用一般现在时。2.看到yesterday,lastyear,in＋过去某一年份，twodaysago,一段时间＋later等，要想到用一般过去时。3.看到tomorrow,nextyear，inaweek，inthefuture，soon等时间状语，要想到用一般将来时。4.看到atthismoment，atpresent，now等时间状语或动词look，listen等，要想到用现在进行时。5.看到since，recently，lately，already，inthelast/pastfewyears，sofar/uptonow，for＋时间段等时间状语，要想到用现在完成时。6.看到bythen，bytheendof等时间状语，要想到用过去完成时或将来完成时，要根据具体表示的是过去还是将来时间来定。技巧2借助语境暗示解题典题试做5.(2025·深圳4月二模)Themuseum________(house)anextensivecollectionofculturalrelics,fromancientclothingtocontemporaryart,displayingthousandsofyearsofChinesecivilization.快捷思维分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下，可以通过正确理解语境，即通过题干中的“语境暗示”解题。技巧3瞻前顾后找并列解题典题试做6.(2025·八省联考)TheUNChineseLanguageDaynotonlyprovidesauniqueplatformfor_theworldtobetterunderstandChina,butalso________(promote)languageandculturalexchangesintheworld.快捷思维1.可根据并列连词and，but，or，ratherthan，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...等前后的谓语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态。2.同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词时态要一致。技巧4巧用固定句式解题典题试做7.(2025·安徽部分学校4月联考)Allinall,________youareinterestedinmartialartsorwantanall-roundapproachtowell-being,MazeFistensuresyouarewardingexperience.8.Withoutcomplexdecoration(s),itcombinesbuildingswithscenerysowell__________thewholegardenappearstobenaturallyendowed(赋予).快捷思维固定句式法确定状语从句引导词：1.so/such...that...如此……以至于……2.not...until...直到……才……3.Itwill/won'tbe＋一段时间＋before...过了多长时间才/没过多长时间就……4.Itissometime(一段时间)＋since...自从……以来已经多长时间了5.whether...or(not)...无论……还是……考向2如何确定谓语动词语态高考英语对语态的考查核心聚焦于主动语态与被动语态的辨析及正确运用，尤其侧重被动语态在不同语境、时态中的灵活使用，是语法填空的高频考点。而且，对语态的考查并非孤立出题，而是结合时态、主谓一致、固定搭配等语法点综合考查。典例印证(2025·全国一卷)“Theplayers'personalities60.________(reveal)duringthegame,andone'sweaknessesareexposedtotheopponent，”sheadds.[解析]第一步：找出句子的主语Theplayers'personalities，谓语动词是设空动词reveal。第二步：判断主语和谓语之间的逻辑关系本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语Theplayers'personalities与动词reveal之间为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态。[答案]arerevealed解题攻略考向3如何确定谓语动词的单复数高考英语对主谓一致的考查主要围绕语法一致、就近一致和意义一致原则，常将其与动词的时态、语态等结合起来进行考查，是语法填空的高频考点。典例印证(2025·浙江卷1月)Theconcept62.________(be)certainlynotnew—menhavebeenrentinggoodsuitsfordecades—butforfemaleshoppers,itisjusttakingoff.[解析]第一步：主语Theconcept是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。第二步：确定谓语动词的单复数形式：系动词be作谓语，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Theconcept是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。[答案]is解题攻略掌握以下主谓一致的核心解题3原则，帮助你准确判断谓语动词的单复数形式。【主谓一致解题三原则】原则典题试做快捷思维语法一致1.(2025·北京卷)Somechoicesarequick,whileotherstakemorethought.Usually,betteroutcomes________(achieve)throughathoroughunderstandingofstrategieslikerisktolerance.主语是一个单数名词、一个不可数名词、一个非谓语动词或从句时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数名词、两个及以上非谓语动词或从句时，谓语动词多用复数形式就近一致2.(2025·广东部分高中高三大联考)Notonly________(be)thesedragonsdecorations,buttheyalsocarrytheessenceofChinese.由neither...nor...,either...or...,notonly...but(also)...,not...but...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数要和位置最近的主语保持一致意义一致3.(2025·安徽蚌埠适应性考试)Usingshortwoodenpiecestocoverlargedistances________(require)exceptionalskill,andmulti-spandesignslikeWan'anBridgedemandevengreaterexpertise,whichshowcasesancientwisdom.4.(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic，I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto________(be)AlaskaAirlines.1.不定式、动名词或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。2.“half/most/part/therest/分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据名词的数来确定。【谓语动词题3大思维方向】解法2如何确定作非谓语非谓语动词指的是在句子中不能作谓语的动词，它没有人称和数的变化，主要包括不定式、现在分词(动词-ing)和过去分词。非谓语动词具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。典例印证(2024·浙江卷1月)Overthelasttwoyears，somesupermarketshavestartedsellingchickenorsaladinpacks63.________(design)withtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).[解析]第一步：提示词是动词，句中已有谓语动词havestarted，所以此处应考虑填非谓语动词。第二步：分析句子结构可知，此处考查非谓语动词短语作后置定语：design和逻辑主语packs之间构成动宾关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。[答案]designed解题攻略技法1根据逻辑关系，速判分词作定语、状语考向典题试做快捷思维分词作定语1.(2025·江西师大附中毕业班三模)Thecitywalls,believedtodatebacktothe16thcentury,hadfiveentrancegates,asopposedtothetraditionalfourinoldChinesecities,anditswidestreetscontain265archways________(feature)stoneworkofdragons,phoenixesandlions.2.(2025·山东威海模拟)Participantscaninteractwiththeir________(choose)animals,learnabouttheirhabits,andsupporttheirprotection—allfromhome.3.(2025·河北三模)Thesitefeaturesprominentlyinthehistoryofbotanicalresearchandwastheobjectofinternationalplant________(collect)expeditionsinthe19thand20thcenturies.1.动词-ing形式作定语①动词-ing形式作定语表示主动、正在进行。②若表示被动且正在发生的动作用beingdone结构。2.动词-ed形式作定语①动词-ed形式作定语表示被动、完成。②动词-ed形式的形容词，意为“(人)感到……的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的名词，如：look，expression，face，voice等。分词作状语4.(2025·广州某校高三综合测试三)______(adopt)camerasandmicro-devices,thissmarttechnologytrackseachchicken'smovements.5.(2025·福州第四次质量检测)________(combine)withstressfulurbanlifeandwork,Igraduallypiledonthepounds.6.________(compare)withotherglobalcompetitors,Chinaispositionedbettertoachievehigheroutputofhumanoidrobotsatlowercosts.1.动词-ing形式作状语①句子的主语是分词动作的逻辑主语，而且与该动词为主动关系。②表示自然而然的意料之中的结果。③分词的动作早于谓语动词发生，要用havingdone形式。2.动词-ed形式作状语句子的主语是分词动作的逻辑主语，而且与该动词为被动关系。技法2根据固定搭配，速判分词作宾语、宾补考向典题试做快捷思维宾语1.(2025·浙江卷1月)“Ireallywanttomakethisworkforpeople'slivestoday,andIknowthatdoesn'talwaysmean________(return)adressontheMondayafteraspecialweekend，”shesays.2.(2025·重庆七校联盟三诊)Interestingly,theonlyrobotwithahumanoidface,called“Huanhuan，”fellduringpreparationsbutcontinuedtheraceafter________(check).3.(2023·全国乙卷)Asaphotographer，Ihavespentthelasttwoyears________(record)everythingIdiscovered.4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Toeatone，youhavetodecidewhether________(bite)asmallholeinitfirst，releasingthesteamandriskingaspill(溢出)...5.(2024·全国甲卷)Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel，thenationalparks，inparticular，tend________(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.1.作介词或动词(短语)的宾语时，用非谓语动词(doing/todo)。2.形式选择依据①逻辑主谓关系：主动意义，用doing/todo②逻辑动宾关系：被动意义，用beingdone/tobedone3.固定结构速记①后面只能接todo的高频动词：agree,afford,choose,decide,fail,hope,manage,offer,wish等②后面只能接-ing的高频动词/短语：avoid,admit,advise,escape,enjoy,include,mind,miss,practice,recommend,suggest,feellike,getdownto,can'thelp(情不自禁)③形式宾语结构：believe/consider/find/feel/make/think＋it＋adj.＋todosth.宾补6.(2025·青岛二模)Themakingofthepicture,apackageprocessfromdrafting,woodcut,painting,tohandpaintingtouch-ups,keepsmillionsofitslovers________(lose)initsstrikingbeauty.7.(2025·福建高中毕业班练习卷)Butononerecentcoldwinternight,duringawalkthroughawell-traveledhutongthere,Ifoundmyselfsuddenly________(transport)backtomychildhoodyears.8.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem，though，onesteamerbasketisrarelyenough，yettwoseemsgreedy，andsoIamalwaysleft________(want)morenexttime.1.现在分词(doing)作宾补表主动、进行，常与下列动词构成“v.＋宾语＋补足语”结构：①感官动词：feel/hear/listento/see/lookat/watch/notice/observe②使役动词：get/have③其他：catch/find/keep/leave2.过去分词(done)作宾补表被动、完成，常与下列动词构成“v.＋宾语＋补足语”结构：①感官动词：同现在分词②使役动词：get/have/make③其他：find/keep/leave技法3如何掌握基本用法，专项攻克不定式典题试做快捷思维1.(2025·河南部分学校三模)__________(preserve)thehistoricalinformationabouttherockpaintings,Gansuhasestablishedarockartdigitalimagedatabase.2.(2025·湖北新高考信息卷)Theywerealsotaskedwithseekingwaystoturnsandintosoilfertileenoughforplants________(take)roots.3.(2025·深圳测试一)TheChineseproductionisthefirstnon-Hollywoodfilm________(break)intotheall-timeglobaltop10ofhighest-grossingfilms.4.(2025·山东泰安三模)HisinnovationsmadeiteasiertolearntoweaveZhuangbrocade,allowingvillagers,especiallywomen,________(work)fromhomewhileearningincome.1.作目的状语；2.在下列名词后作定语：way(方法),ability,chance/opportunity,possibility,plan,attempt,decision,right,courage,time等；3.名词前有序数词thefirst/thesecond,thelast等或形容词最高级等修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语；4.“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构；5.动词不定式用在固定搭配“sb.besaid/reported/thoughttodo”中；6.主语＋be＋表情绪的形容词(excited，happy，anxious，satisfied，delighted，angry等)＋todosth.；7.在hope/expect/manage/decide等动词后面作宾语；8.在某些动词后作宾补：allow/inspire...sb.todosth.。技法4如何根据分类对比，判断with复合结构典题试做快捷思维1.(2025·山东临沂一模)SurroundingtheForbiddenCityisa10-meter-highwall,withamoat(护城河)52meterswide________(serve)asanadditionallayerofdefense.2.(2025·湖南高三质量检测)TobecomeaqualifiedprofessionalbakerinGermany,onemustundergooccupationaleducationandtraining,withlearningskillsbothatschoolandonthejob________(need).with复合结构1.“with＋宾语＋todo”表示动作还未发生；2.“with＋宾语＋doing”表示主动、动作正在进行；3.“with＋宾语＋done”表示被动、动作已完成。【非谓语动词题3大思维方向】解法3如何确定动词词性转换如果所给动词既不作谓语，也不作非谓语，要考虑是否为动词的词性转换。根据修饰语和所作句子成分，结合句意，迅速判定其形式。典例印证(2025·浙江卷1月)Tanya'sshopoffersfashionclothesforwomen60.to_rentratherthanpurchasethemoutright,providingalessexpensive61.________(solve)toone-timeeventdressing.[解析]第一步：确定动词词性转换该句有谓语动词offers，有非谓语动词providing，故判断此处考查动词词性转换。第二步：确定动词转换的形式提示词作provide的宾语，用名词solution，意为“解决方案”，有冠词a修饰，用单数形式。[答案]solution解题攻略【动词词性转换题的2大思维方向】练重点练难点创新应用体验(2025·济南高三模拟)London'sfoodscenehaswitnessedaninrushnotonlyoftraditionalCantonese(广东的)restaurantsbutalsoadiverserangeofregionalChinesecuisines.Fordecades,London'sChinatownhasbeencloselyassociatedwithclassicdishes1.________(root)inGuangdongprovince,whileLondon'sChinesefoodhasexpandedfarbeyondthat,reflectingamuch2.________(broad)culturalshift.WhileCantonese-centricofferingshavelaidthefoundationoffamiliaritywithChineseculinary(烹饪的)culture,theincreasingvarietymakesit3.________bigchallengeforrestaurantstomeetlocalBritishtastes.Toadapttothetrend,theymanagetointroducenewdishesandenhanceexistingones4.________(continuous)forbetteringthemenu.Additionally,largerculinaryschoolscommittoteachingauthentic(地道的)Chinesecooking,5.________(strengthen)greaterappreciationandmasteryofthecuisine.Hotpot,atypicalChinesedish,hastakencentrestageinLondon,describedasan“adventure”6.________localscouldenjoygenuineSichuancuisineandunfamiliarculturalexperiences.Meanwhile,heartyhand-pullednoodlesofXi'anarealsomakingwaves,drivenbythegrowing7.________(present)ofChinesecustomersandLondoners'appetiteforauthenticregionalflavors.ChenXin,thechieforganizerofthe2024LondonChineseCuisineInternationalDevelopmentConvention,8.________(emphasize)thatLondonwasbecomingatrueglobalcentreofChinesecuisine,stayingtrue9.________onesinglemission—providingChinesecustomerswithatasteofhomeandshowcasingthedepthofChineseculinaryculturetointernational10.________(diner).高频考点词类1动词解法1如何判断谓语动词考向11．tries考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语adecentwinner为第三人称单数。故填tries。2．left考查时态。根据“lastyear”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填left。3．willmake考查时态。这里考查谓语动词，主语puttingsystemsandstepsinplacearounditemmanagement与make为主动关系，根据inthefuture可知，句子描述的是将来的事情，应用一般将来时。故填willmake。4．hadmade考查时态。根据时间状语“Bythetimeyoubrushedyourteeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时。故填hadmade。5．houses考查时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，谓语动词用一般现在时，主语Themuseum为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填houses。6．promotes考查动词的时态，语态和主谓一致。主语为TheUNChineseLanguageDay，promote与provides并列作谓语，应用一般现在时，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数。故填promotes。7．whether考查状语从句。根据句意可知此处是whether...or...引导的让步状语从句，表示“不管……还是……”。故填whether。8．that考查状语从句。so...that是固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that。考向31．areachieved考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语betteroutcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语betteroutcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填areachieved。2．are考查主谓一致。本句Notonly放在句首需要倒装，主语为空后的thesedragons，且这里时态应与后面保持一致用一般现在时。故填are。3．requires考查动词时态和主谓一致。句子“Usingshortwoodenpiecestocoverlargedistances”作主语，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。陈述客观事实，此处用一般现在时。故填requires。4．was考查时态和主谓一致。根据前一句的谓语动词时态和定语从句的谓语动词wrote可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；“oneof＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”结构中，谓语动词用单数。故填was。解法2如何确定作非谓语技法11．featuring考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是contain，空格处用非谓语动词，archways和feature之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词作后置定语。故填featuring。2．chosen考查非谓语动词。此处作定语，修饰animals，animals与choose之间为被动关系。故填chosen。3．collecting考查非谓语动词。空处修饰expeditions，表示主动行为，应用现在分词collecting作定语。故填collecting。4．Adopting考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为tracks，此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语thissmarttechnology和adopt“采用”之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填Adopting。5．Combined考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词piled，所以combine用非谓语形式，becombinedwith意为“结合”。故填Combined。6．Compared考查非谓语动词。“(compare)withotherglobalcompetitors”作比较状语，compare（比较）是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语China之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填Compared。技法21．returning考查非谓语动词。根据句意，表示“意味着……”，用固定搭配meandoingsth.，意为“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填returning。2．beingchecked考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词形式担当介词“after”后的宾语，用动名词形式；根据句意可知，空处表示被动关系。故填beingchecked。3．recording考查非谓语