北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年高一上学期期末检测英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年高一上学期期末检测英语试题第一部分知识运用(共三节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Afriendcalledmethe“angel”(天使)ofmarathonbecauseI“rescued”arunnerduringamarathon.Forme,nothingismore____1____thanseeingsomeoneintearsbytheroadsideturnintoamedal-weareratthefinish.ThememorableincidenttookplaceattheBrightonMarathon.IwasjoggingalongsideMarian,afellowwalk-runner,whenwesawayoungparticipant____2____atthesideoftheroad.Wewentovertoseeifshewasokay.“I’mrunningwithmytwosisters,butIjustcan’tgoon,”shesaid.Afterensuringthatshewasn’t____3____,Icheeredheron,“Ifyourunwithus,I’msureyou’llbesleepinginyourmedaltonight.JustfocusonthestoriesI’mgoingtotellyouandtheselastthreemileswill____4____.”Duringthenexttwomiles,mystoriesliftedthegirl’sspirits,turninghertearsintoasmile.Her____5____returnedandsheaskedifshecouldgoaheadwithoutus.“Ofcourse,”Isaid,“aslongasyou____6____towaitforusatthefinishsowecantakeaphotoofyouwithyourmedal!”Thegirlandhersistersdidwaitforusandtheyprobablydidn’trealizetheyhadsavedme!Byencouragingmetorecallmy____7____runningstories,shemademeforgetaboutthelegpain.Marian,too,had____8____performedarunnerrescue—notachatrunnerlikemyself,shewasaquietlistener,andwe’dformedanunspokenpartnership.Ifyou,too,fancydoingaspotoflife-saving,don’tforgetthegolden____9____:checkwhethertherunnerisalrightandwhetherthey’dliketoruninsilenceorwouldprefertobe_____10_____.And,makesureyourstoriesareinterestingenough—mostwillhappilyenjoyyourstories.1.A.relaxing B.interesting C.shocking D.satisfying2.A.running B.cheering C.crying D.shouting3.A.injured B.scared C.annoyed D.defeated4.A.goon B.breakdown C.flyby D.dragon5.A.attention B.curiosity C.confidence D.excitement6.A.start B.expect C.offer D.promise7.A.deepest B.funniest C.strangest D.saddest8.A.fortunately B.carefully C.independently D.unknowingly9.A.rules B.plans C.chances D.choices10.A.surprised B.entertained C.protected D.challenged第二节选词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。11.IpromisedthatI______(attend)themeetingthefollowingweek.(所给词的适当形式填空)12.Hisambitionis______(become)aprofessionalpianistinthefuture.(所给词的适当形式填空)13.Itisourduty______(take)careoftheenvironmentforfuturegenerations.(所给词的适当形式填空)14.AwonderfulEnglishparty______(organize)inourschoolhalllastFriday.(所给词的适当形式填空)15.Agroupofvisitorsvisitedthefactory______thefamouselectriccarsaremade.(用适当的词填空)16.Anewbridge______(build)overtherivernextyeartoeasethetrafficpressure.(所给词的适当形式填空)17.Ourclassvotedforthestudent______positiveattitudehasinfluencedthewholeclass.(用适当的词填空)18.Mybrotherenjoys______(play)chessbecauseitcanimprovehisconcentration.(所给词的适当形式填空)19.Theyoungmansavedpocketmoneyformonths______(buy)abirthdaygiftforhismother.(所给词的适当形式填空)20.Withtheirclassmates’support,theplayersfelt______(encourage)beforethefinalmatch.(所给词的适当形式填空)第二节选词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。prohibit;select;shock;reward;inspire;aheadof;becapableof;avarietyof;applyfor;putup21.Theshoppingmalloffers______goodstomeetthedifferentneedsofcustomers.22.Smokingisstrictly______oncampusaccordingtotheschoolrules.23.Withaclearplanandfullpreparations,youwillsurelystay______yourcompetitors.24.Asa______forhisexcellentacademicperformance,theschoolofferedhimascholarship.25.We______severaltentsinthebackyardfortheupcomingcampingpartylastnight.26.Itcameasa______tomethatthehotfavouritecamethirdinthefinalcompetition.27.Thejudges______thebestthreepaintingstodisplayinthecityartgallerysofar.28.Seniorhighschoolstudentsshould______takingresponsibilityfortheirlearningchoices.29.Currently,webadlyneedsomeonewhocan______ourteamtosethighergoals.30.Manystudentshopeto______theexchangeprogramtoexperiencedifferentcultures.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAfullscholarshipcoversalmosteverythingforthethreeorfouryearsofuniversity.However,itishighlycompetitive.Here’showyoucanimproveyourchancesofearningone.KnowwheretolookUniversitywebsitesStartbyvisitingyourchosenuniversity’sofficialwebsite.Theyoftenlistscholarshipopportunitiesforstudentsfromyourlocationorinyoursubject.QSImpACTscholarshipsQSoffersitsownrangeofImpACTscholarships,includingawardsforexcellenceinstudies,communityservice,leadership,andsocialimpact.ToapplyforaQSImpACTscholarship,youmusthaveanofferfromanaccepteduniversityandhaveattendedaQSEvent(visitthewebsitefordetails).Also,youmustturninanessaystatingyourbackground,interests,andhowyou’llusethescholarship’sthemeinyourstudyorfuturecareer.MakeyourselfstandoutfromotherapplicantsTostandout,it’simportanttoproverealeffortsinbetteringyourself.Thismeanshavingafewout-of-classactivitiestoshowyourpassionsandinterests,aswellasexamplesoftimesyou’vegotinvolvedwiththelocalcommunity.Leadershipskillsarealsohugelyvalued,andyoucanshowthisbyvolunteeringtoleadprojectsinyourafter-schoolactivitiesorcommunitywork.Anotherthingthatcouldreallymakeyoustandoutfromtherestisastrongreportonyourresearchcompetenceandpersonalqualitiesthroughyourlettersofrecommendation.Submitahigh-qualitycoverletterYourcoverletterneedstobethebestqualityitcanpossiblybe.Thismeansit’sclearandbrief,isformatted(格式)correctly,drawsthereaderinwithapowerfulintroduction,staysfocusedonitskeythemeortopic,andhasnospellingandgrammarmistakes.Followthesesteps,andyou’llbemorelikelytosecurethatfullscholarshipyou’reaimingfor!31.ApplicantsforQSImpACTscholarshipsmust________.A.prepareapersonalessay B.performcommunityservice C.winstudyawards D.organizeaQSEvent32.Tobeanoutstandingscholarshipapplicant,youshould________.A.takecoursesinleadershipskills B.showyoureffortsinself-improvementC.doresearchonyoursubject D.reportonyourcommunitywork33.Ahigh-qualitycoverlettershould________.A.haveaflexibleformatB.includemorethanonetopicC.provideasmanydetailsaspossibleD.attractreaderswithastrongintroductionBFrankMunduswasknownasthereal-lifeCaptainQuint,thecoldsharkkillerinthemovieJaws,longbeforethefilmhittheaters.Forover50years,hebuiltareputationforcatchingsomelargesharks.Butmanypeopledon’tknowwhatthisfamousfishermanunderwentinhislateryears.Mundusbeganactivelysupportingsharkconservation(保护)andcallingforlessharmfulfishingmethods,showingthateventhemostsuccessfulcommercial(商业的)fishermencouldchangetheirways.Mundusisn’talone.TakeMichelGoff,whogrewupintheVezofishingvillageinMadagascar.Goffonceparticipatedindamagingfishingpractices,targetingsharks,turtles,andwhales.Today,he’sbecomeoneofMadagascar’sleadingconservationwildlifefilmmakers,usinghiscameratorevealthewonderofsealifeandinspireotherstoprotectit.“Icarealotaboutouroceans.Ihadnoformaleducationbuttheseawastheretoprovideforme,myfamilyandmycommunity,”heexplainedinaninterview.“Ifwedon’timprovethewaythatfisheriesaremanaged,Iamworriedfishwillrunoutandthattherewillbenothinglefttosupportfuturegenerationsandourplanet.ThisiswhatdrivesmetodotheworkthatIdo.Iwanttohelptogivepeopleavoiceandtostandupagainstthosethataredestroyingourenvironment.”Similarsuccessstoriesareappearingworldwide.OnIndonesia’sLombokIsland,formersharkfishermenhavebecomeenvironmentaleducators,teachingthenextgenerationaboutoceanconservation.InItaly’sPugliaarea,localfishermenpartneredwithconservationiststoestablishareserve(保护区)thatnotonlyprotectedsealifebutalsoimprovedtheircatches,provingthatconservationandlivelihoodcangohandinhand.“Wearetheguardians,”ItalianfishermanCosimoDiBiasisaid.“Theseathatkissesourshoresisours.”Throughtheirdeepknowledgeoftheseaanditscreatures,theseformerfishermenbringbrilliantideasandpracticalexperiencetoconservationefforts,helpingbridgethedistancebetweencommercialfishinginterestsandenvironmentalprotection.34.WhatcanwelearnaboutFrankMundusinParagraph1?A.Hecaughtthelargestsharkintheworld.B.Hechangedhisattitudetowardssharkfishing.C.HebecamefamousafterthemovieJawswasshown.D.Hecalledfortraditionalfishingmethodsinhislateryears.35.Accordingtothepassage,MichelGoff______.A.balancestourismandconservationeffortsB.workstorelieveconcernsabouttheoceanC.inspirespeopletospeakupfortheenvironmentD.studiesoceanbiologyforhisfilmmakingcareer36.Whatdoweknowaboutthefishermeninthepassage?A.Theyseethemselvesasownersofthesea.B.Theyrealizetheimportanceofconservation.C.Theyseeconservationasashort-termsolution.D.Theyfocusonbuildingoceanreservesworldwide.37.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofprotectingsealife.B.Theharmofcommercialfishingtotheocean.C.Theshiftoffishermenfromhunterstoprotectors.D.Thehistoryofsharkhuntingindifferentcountries.CPeople’sviewsarebecomingmoreandmoredivided,with“echochambers”—socialenvironmentswhereindividuals’existingbeliefsarestrengthened—causinggreaterdifferencesinopinion.Butsocialmediaisnottheonlycause,accordingtoarecentstudypublishedintheUSA.Itturnsoutthatpeopleusesearchenginesinwaysthatmakeiteasiertoslipinto“echochambers”.Asimpleimprovementtosearchalgorithms(算法),theresearcherssuggest,couldhelpdeliverabroaderrangeofviews.Onlineparticipantswereaskedtoexpresstheirbeliefsonsixtopics,includinghealtheffectsofcaffeine(咖啡因).Theythenchosesearchphrasestolearnmoreabouteachtopic.Theresearchersexaminedthephrases’rangeandfoundthatbetween9and34percentwere“narrow”.Forexample,whenresearchingthehealtheffectsofcaffeine,onlyoneparticipantused“caffeine’snegativeeffects”,whereasothersused“benefitsofcaffeine”.Thesenarrowphrasestendedtoalignwithparticipants’existingbeliefs,andgenerallylessthan10percentdidthisknowingly.“Searchalgorithmsaredesignedtogivethemostrelevantanswersforwhateverwetype,whichendsupdeepeningwhatwealreadythought,”saysEuginaLeungwholedthestudy.“Thesebelief-drivensearchestrapusinthe‘echochambers’thatareusuallyunrecognized.”Whentheresearchersrandomly(随机地)letparticipantswithsimilarbeliefsviewdifferentresults,theysawthoseresultsimpactpeople’sopinionsandevenbehavior.Forinstance,peoplewhosawresultsusing“caffeinehealthbenefits”,ratherthan“risks”,weremorelikelytochooseacaffeinateddrinkafterward.Pointingoutproblemsinthesearchphraseshadonlyasmalleffectonpeople’sfinalopinions.Butchangingthesearchalgorithmeithertoalwaysprovidebroadresultsortoswitchbetweenresultsobtainedwithbroadanduser-providedtermsreducedtheeffectsofnarrowsearches,thusremoving“echochambers”.“Wehavethoughtthroughhowthesetechnologiescouldbeimprovedforthebenefitofusers,”saysKathleenHallJamiesonoftheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Forsearchtechnologytodowhatweneedittodo,thiskindofresearchisveryimportant.”Participantsconsideredthebroaderresultsasjustasusefulandrelatedasstandardsearches.“Peopleareabletobringindifferentinspirationswhenthey’reexposedtothem,whichisencouraging,”Leungsays.Theresearchersrecommendapplyingsuchstrategies,possiblyas“searchbroadly”buttons.“Thiswouldbereallyhelpful,”Leungsays,butwhetheritwilleverhappen“ishardtopredict”.38.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesearchphraseschosenbyparticipants?A.Theychallengedparticipants’beliefs. B.Theywereshapedbysocialmedia.C.Theymade“echochambers”worse. D.Theywerediverseamongparticipants.39.Whatdoesthephrase“alignwith”underlinedinParagraph3probablymean?A.Match. B.Remove. C.Question. D.Change.40.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodobywritingthispassage?A.Makeacomparison. B.Giveasuggestion. C.Explainaconcept. D.Predictatrend.41.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheCharmofBroadSearching B.TheSecretofSearchAlgorithmsC.HowYouCanImproveSearchPhrases D.HowYouSearchCanDeepenYourBeliefsDThereisapopularsayinginmoderntherapy(治疗)culturethatyoushouldn’ttrytochange—youareperfectlyimperfect,andthattherightpeoplewillenjoyallthelittlethingsthatmakeyouunique.Relatedly,personalityhastraditionallybeendefinedasaprettystablecollectionofcharacteristics.Yetplentyofevidenceshowsthatourpersonalitiesaremorechangeablethanexpected,fuellingthedrivetolearntheskillsofpersonalitychangetoimproveourlives.Forexample,a2024studyfoundthatthreemonthsofdigitalcoachingincreasedcharacteristicslikeemotionalstabilityandresponsibility.Othercharacteristicsprovidefurthersupportfortheflexibilityofpersonality.CarlJungsaidthereisno“pure”introvert(内向)orextrovert(外向)andthattheyareaspectrum(光谱).Somenaturallytakecenterstageinsocialsettings,whileotherspreferobservingthingsquietlyinthecorner—yetthesetendenciesarenotfixed.WhoyouareonacoldwinterWednesdayislikelytobedifferentfromwhoyouareonasunnySaturday.Whereveryouareonthisspectrum,researchshowsthatgettingenoughsocialconnectioniscrucial.Displayingextrovertedcharacteristicsislinkedwithbeingbetterabletocopewiththephysicaleffectsofstress,likehigherbloodpressureandheartrate.TheHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopment,an80-yearprojecttrackingthelivesofabout700mentounderstandthecorecomponents(组成部分)ofahappyandhealthylife,foundthatnothingmattersmoretothatendthanstrongsocialrelationships.Evenifyou’vealreadyfiledyourselfasahardcoreintrovert,adoptingamoresocialapproachmaybeeasierthanyouthink.Researchfrom2022showsthatitisthestrengthofsomeone’sidentityasanintrovert,morethanhowhighlytheyscoreoncharacteristicsofintroversion,thatmakesthemuncomfortablewhenpushedtoactmoreoutgoing.Thisshowsthatcaringlessaboutyourself-imagehelpsmakechangesonpurpose.Alreadyhighlyextroverted?Perhapsyouwouldbenefitfromworkingtoboostyourcapacityforreflection,acharacteristicoftenfoundinthosewhopreferaquieterlife.Similarly,enhancingothercharacteristicslinkedwithwell-being,likebecomingmoreopentonewexperiences,hasrepeatedlybeenshowntobepossible.Challengingthebeliefthatpersonalitytypesarefixedmightleadtogreaterhappiness.Makingpeacewithwhowearenowwhileremainingopentowhowemightbecomeisperhapsthetruestpathtofreedom.42.Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Introvertscanbecomeextroverts.B.Moderntherapyculturehasbecomepopular.C.Digitalcoachinghelpswithpersonalitystability.D.Personalityaffectsourviewsonweatherchange.43.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Introvertshandlementalstresswell.B.Socialrelationshipsinfluencehappiness.C.Extroversionisnecessaryforphysicalhealth.D.Caringaboutself-imageensuressocialcomfort.44.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspersonalitychange?A.Neutral. B.Doubtful. C.Uncertain. D.Supportive.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Solitudeisthestateofbeingalone.Timealonemightbe“voluntaryorinvoluntary—pleasantorunpleasant—alldependingonthesituation”,explainspsychologistThuy-vyNguyen.Nguyenandherteamhavebeenstudyinghowsolitudeshapesourinnerexperiences.____45____Italsomakespeoplefeelmoreindependentandincontrol,allowingthemtointeractwiththeirsurroundingsintheirownway.Buthowdopeoplemakeuseofthesebenefits?ToNguyen,solitudeonlyhelpswhenitisamatterofchoice.Ina2023study,sheandhercolleagueslookedatthebenefitsandharmsofsolitude.____46____Theresearchersfoundthatmoretimealonegenerallyreducedsatisfaction,butthosewhochosetobealonefeltjustassatisfiedaswhentheywerenotalone.AnotherresearcherMorganRossencouragesadeeperlookatwhatitmeanstobealone.Ina2024paper,heintroducedtheideaof“shades(程度)ofsolitude”,whichrangefromdeepsolitude—suchasbeingaloneinacabin(小木屋)withoutaphone—tolightsolitude,likespendinganafternoonalonewatchingvideosorreading.Inthelightestshade,you’restillengagedwithsomeoneelse’sthoughts,whetherwritteninabookorpostedonsocialmedia.____47____Youcantalktothembeforeorafter.Solitudecanbebeneficialineverydaymoments.____48____Asolitary(独自的)walkinthepark,afewminutesinyourroomwithabookandacupoftea,withyourphonenearbyifyouchoose,canalsoofferbenefits.____49____Thatis,solitudehelpsifyouseekitoutratherthanfindyourselfstuckinit.Tomakethemostofyouralonetime,Nguyensuggestsexploringwhatworksbestforyou,makingsureitfeelspurposeful.A.Itisjustashortbreakfromyoursocialties.B.Thereisnoidealbalancebetweensolitudeandsocialization.C.Youdon’tneedtospendaweekinacabintoenjoythebenefitsoftimealone.D.Theyasked178participantstoreporttheirdailyactivitiesandsatisfactionlevels.E.Inthisnewsocialaloneness,peoplearedisconnectedbothphysicallyandvirtually.F.RossandNguyenagreethatgettingthemostfromalonetimerequirespurposeandchoice.G.They’vefoundthatbeingalonehelpspeoplemanagestrongfeelingslikeexcitementandanger.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Ihavebeenastutterer(口吃的人)sinceIwasabout7yearsold.Asachild,Iavoidedspeaking.Ilearnedspeechtherapytechniques,butIwascomfortableinmyownmindanddidn’treallyneedtosharemythoughts.ThenIfellinlovewithscience,whereaccuracymatterednotonlyinexperiments,butalsoincommunication.Soduringgraduateschool,Irestartedspeechtherapyandworkedhardtogainconfidenceinmyownvoice.IthoughtIhaditundercontrol.AsIbecameanassistantprofessor,facingthechallengesofstartingaresearchgroup,mystutteringreturned.Betweenstressessuchasfunds,papers,projectmanagement,andpaperwork,andbeingafatheroffouryoungchildren,Ihadtoolittlementalspacelefttodevotetopreparingtospeak.Oneday,inmyclass,Ifoundmyselfunabletosay“equilibrium”.Laterthatday,Istruggledtotellacolleaguethenameofmynewborndaughter.Thestudentsseemedtobrushasidemydifficulty,andmycolleaguechanged