1.2026年教科开心英语八年级科学上册完形填空专项卷

2026年教科开心英语八年级科学上册完形填空专项卷考试时间90分钟满分100分姓名班级学号得分一、基础科普完形（共30小题，每题2分，共60分）Passage1:TheScientificMethodWhenyouworkonascienceproject,thescientificmethodhelpsyoufindanswersinalogicalway.First,youneedtoaska___1___aboutsomethingyounoticeintheworld.Forexample,youmightwonderwhysomeleavesturnredinautumn.Next,youdobackground___2___tolearnwhatscientistsalreadyknowaboutthistopic.Then,youproposeahypothesis,whichisa(n)___3___thatyoucantestthroughexperiments.Aftermakingahypothesis,youneedtodesignanexperimentto___4___ifitiscorrect.Youmustcontrolvariables:onlychangeonefactoratatime,soyoucanbesurewhatcausestheresult.Youalsoneedto___5___detaileddataduringtheexperiment,suchasmeasurementsandobservations.Oncetheexperimentisfinished,youanalyzethedatatoseeifyourhypothesisissupported.Ifthedatadoesnotsupportyourhypothesis,youcan___6___itanddesignanewexperiment.Thisisnotafailure—itishowscienceworks.___7___,youshareyourresultswithothersbywritingareportorgivingapresentation.Thescientificmethodisnotjustforscientists.Youcanuseittosolve___8___problemstoo.Forexample,ifyourbikechainkeepsfallingoff,youcanguessthecauseandtestit.Youmight___9___thetightnessofthechainfirst,thencheckthealignmentofthegears.Stepbystep,youwillfindthe___10___.Thisisthescientificmethodindailylife.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。1.A.questionB.answerC.lessonD.game2.A.homeworkB.researchC.exerciseD.vacation3.A.opinionB.guessC.factD.secret4.A.testB.breakC.sellD.forget5.A.deleteB.recordC.forgetD.sell6.A.keepB.changeC.ignoreD.break7.A.FinallyB.SuddenlyC.UnluckilyD.Usually8.A.nationalB.dailyC.ancientD.future9.A.checkB.breakC.paintD.clean10.A.problemB.causeC.questionD.answerPassage2:PlantandAnimalCellsAlllivingthingsaremadeofcells.Cellsarethesmallestbasicunitsoflife.Therearemany___11___ofcells,butplantandanimalcellsarethemostcommononeswelearninmiddleschoolscience.Plantcellshavearigidcellwall___12___thecellmembrane.Thiscellwallismadeofcellulose,whichgivesplantstheirshapeand___13___themfromharm.Animalcellsdonothaveacellwall,sotheycanchangetheirshapemoreeasily.Thatiswhysomeanimalcells,likewhitebloodcells,can___14___aroundtocatchbacteria.Anotherbigdifferenceisthechloroplast.Plantcellshavechloroplastswhichare___15___incolor.Theyusesunlighttomakefoodfortheplantthroughaprocesscalledphotosynthesis.Animalcellsdonothavechloroplasts,___16___animalsneedtoeatfoodtogetenergy.Bothplantandanimalcellshaveanucleus,whichislikethe"brain"ofthecell.It___17___allthecell'sactivities.Theyalsohavemitochondria,whichmakeenergyforthecell.Thecytoplasmisthegel-likesubstancethatfillsthecell,andalltheorganelles(细胞器)floatinit.Plantcellsusuallyhaveonelargecentralvacuole.Itstoreswaterandothermaterials,andhelpskeeptheplantfirm.___18___theplantdoesnotgetenoughwater,thevacuoleshrinksandtheplantwilts.Animalcellshavesmallervacuoles,andtheymayhavemanyofthem___19___ofonebigone.Learningaboutcellshelpsusunderstandhowlivingthings___20___.Itisoneofthemostimportanttopicsinlifescience.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。11.A.sizesB.kindsC.colorsD.names12.A.insideB.outsideC.behindD.under13.A.protectsB.pullsC.pushesD.teaches14.A.sitB.moveC.sleepD.eat15.A.redB.yellowC.greenD.blue16.A.soB.butC.becauseD.though17.A.stopsB.controlsC.breaksD.follows18.A.IfB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.Because19.A.insteadB.becauseC.inspiteD.aswell20.A.growB.workC.feelD.soundPassage3:TheWaterCycleWaterisessentialforalllifeonEarth.Thewateronourplanetkeepsmovinginanever-endingcycle___21___thewatercycle.Thiscyclehasfourmainstages:evaporation,condensation,precipitation,andcollection.Thefirststageisevaporation.Thesun___22___theEarth'ssurface,especiallytheoceans,lakes,andrivers.Whenwatergetswarmenough,itturnsintowatervapor,agas,andrisesintotheair.Thisprocessiscalledevaporation.Evenwaterfromplantsandtreesenterstheairthroughtranspiration,whichisliketheplant"___23___"water.Asthewatervaporriseshigherintotheatmosphere,itgets___24___.Coldaircanholdlesswatervaporthanwarmair.Sothewatervaporturnsbackintotinyliquidwaterdroplets.Thesedropletssticktogethertoformclouds.This___25___iscalledcondensation.Youcanseecondensationathomewhencoldglassgetswetonahotday—watervaporintheairturnsintoliquidonthecoldglass.Whenthecloudsgettooheavywithwaterdroplets,thewaterfallsbacktoEarthasprecipitation.Precipitationcanbe___26___differentforms:rain,snow,sleet,orhail.Theformdependsonthetemperatureinthecloudsandneartheground.Ifitiswarm,itfallsasrain.Ifitisverycold,itfallsassnow.Oncethewaterfallstotheground,someofitseepsintothesoilandbecomesgroundwater.Someflowsintorivers,lakes,andoceans.Thisiscalledcollectionorrunoff.Thewaterthatflowsbacktotheoceanwill___27___again,andthecyclestartsallover.Thewatercycleisveryimportantforourplanet.It___28___freshwaterforalllivingthings.Withoutthewatercycle,wewouldnothavecleanwatertodrink.Farmersdependonprecipitationto___29___theircrops.Wealsousewaterformanythingsinourdailylife,fromwashingtocooking.Scientistsstudythewatercycletopredictweatherand___30___waterresources.Understandinghowthewatercycleworkshelpsustakebettercareofourplanet'swater.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。21.A.calledB.namedafterC.knownasD.madeof22.A.coolsB.heatsC.coversD.cleans23.A.drinkingB.breathingC.sweatingD.eating24.A.warmerB.colderC.drierD.wetter25.A.problemB.processC.projectD.product26.A.inB.onC.atD.for27.A.freezeB.condenseC.evaporateD.precipitate28.A.providesB.wastesC.usesD.takes29.A.harvestB.waterC.plantD.sell30.A.wasteB.manageC.polluteD.forget二、实验应用完形（共20小题，每题2分，共40分）Passage4:ChangesofStateMatterisanythingthathasmassandtakesupspace.Allmatterismadeoftinyparticlescalledatomsandmolecules.Thewaytheseparticlesmove___31___thestateofmatter.Therearethreemainstatesofmatter:solid,liquid,andgas.Inasolid,theparticlesareveryclosetogetherandvibrateinplace.Theydonotmovearoundmuch.Thatiswhysolidshavea___32___shapeandvolume.Forexample,apieceoficeissolidwater.Ifyouputitinacup,itdoesnotchangeitsshapetofitthecup.Inaliquid,theparticlesarealittlefartherapartandcanmovearoundeachother.Liquidsdonothaveafixedshape—they___33___theshapeoftheircontainer.Buttheydohaveafixedvolume.Ifyoupour100mlofwaterintoabigbowl,itisstill100ml.Inagas,theparticlesarefarapartandmovearoundveryfast.Gasesdonothaveafixedshape___34___afixedvolume.Theywillspreadouttofillanycontaineryouputthemin.Watervaporisthegasformofwater.Youcannotseeit,butitisallaroundus.Mattercanchangefromonestatetoanotherwhenthe___35___changes.Whenyouheatasolid,itsparticlesmovefasterandfaster.Whentheygetenoughenergy,theybreakfreefromtheirfixedpositionsandthesolid___36___intoaliquid.Thisiscalledmelting.Thetemperatureatwhichasolidmeltsiscalleditsmeltingpoint.Forwater,themeltingpointis0°C.Ifyoukeepheatingaliquid,theparticlesmoveevenfaster.Someparticlesatthesurfacegetenoughenergytoescapeintotheairasgas.Thisisevaporation.Whentheliquidreachesitsboilingpoint,bubblesforminsidetheliquidanditboils.Theboilingpointofwateris100°Catsealevel.Whenagascoolsdown,itsparticlesslowdownandgetclosertogether.Theyturnbackintoliquid.Thisiscalled___37___.Youcanseethiswhenwaterdropletsformontheoutsideofacolddrink.Thewarmwatervaporintheairhitsthecoldglassandturnsintoliquidwater.Ifyoucoolaliquidenough,itturnsintoasolid.Thisiscalledfreezing.Thefreezingpointofwateris0°C,whichisthe___38___asitsmeltingpoint.Thatmakessense—meltingandfreezingarejustoppositeprocesses.Sometimes,asolidcanturndirectlyintoagaswithoutbecomingliquidfirst.Thisiscalledsublimation.Dryice(frozencarbondioxide)isagood___39___.Itturnsdirectlyintocarbondioxidegasatroomtemperature.Understandingchangesofstatehelpsusinmanyways.Weusethesechangestomakefood,tokeepthingscold,andeventomakeelectricity.Itisabasic___40___ofphysicalscience.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。31.A.dependsonB.looksforC.putsoffD.takesaway32.A.softB.fixedC.bigD.small33.A.changeB.keepC.takeD.make34.A.andB.orC.butD.so35.A.pressureB.temperatureC.weightD.color36.A.turnsB.fallsC.runsD.breaks37.A.evaporationB.meltingC.condensationD.freezing38.A.differentB.sameC.highD.low39.A.exampleB.experimentC.problemD.answer40.A.methodB.problemC.conceptD.toolPassage5:WeatherObservationWeatheristheconditionoftheatmosphereatacertainplaceandtime.Itincludestemperature,wind,rain,snow,andsunshine.Observingtheweatherisimportantformanyreasons.Farmersneedtoknowtheweathertotakecareoftheircrops.Pilotsandshipcaptainsneedweatherinformationtotravel___41___.Evenwechecktheweathereverydaytodecidewhattowear.Toobservetheweather,scientistsusemanyspecialtools.Themostcommononeisthethermometer,whichmeasures___42___.Traditionalthermometershaveaglasstubewithliquidinside.Whenitgetswarm,theliquidexpandsandrises.Whenitgetscold,itshrinksand___43___.Thenumberonthescaleshowsthetemperature.Anotherimportanttoolisthebarometer,whichmeasuresairpressure.AirpressureistheweightoftheairpressingdownonEarth.Highairpressureusuallymeansclear,sunnyweather.Lowairpressureoftenbringscloudsandrain.___44___airpressurechanges,itcanmeanastormiscoming.Tomeasurewindspeed,scientistsuseananemometer(风速计).Ithascupsthatspinwhenthewindblows.Thefasterthewind,the___45___thecupsspin.Themachinecountshowmanytimesthecupsspintocalculatethewindspeed.Winddirectionismeasuredwithawindvane.Itpointstothedirectionthewindiscoming___46___.Rainfallismeasuredwitharaingauge.Itisasimplecontainerwithmarksontheside.Whenitrains,watercollectsinthegauge.Youcanreadthemarktoseehow___47___rainfell.Forsnow,scientistsmeltthesnowandmeasurethewateritmakes.Usually,10cmofsnowmakesabout1cmofwater.Scientistsalsouseweatherballoonstostudytheatmospherehighabovetheground.Theballoonscarryinstrumentsthatmeasuretemperature,pressure,andhumidity.Theycangoupto40kmhigh.___48___theyreachacertainheight,theballoonpopsandtheinstrumentsfallbacktoEarthwithaparachute.Satel