江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元课后练习题及答案

江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元课后练习题及答案第1页共1页江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元课后练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.Ifyouwanttojointheschoolbasketballteam,whichofthefollowingsentencesisthecorrectwaytoaskforthetryouttime?A.Whenisthetryoutfortheschoolbasketballteam?B.Whattimeisthetryoutfortheschoolbasketballteam?C.Howlongisthetryoutfortheschoolbasketballteam?D.Whereisthetryoutfortheschoolbasketballteam?参考答案：A2.Whilepracticingforthe100-meterdash,Lilyimprovedhertimefrom15secondsto13seconds.Whatwasthedecreaseinhertime?A.2secondsB.3secondsC.4secondsD.5seconds参考答案：A3.Inascienceexperiment,studentsmeasuredthegrowthofplantsunderdifferentlightconditions.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthepurposeoftheexperiment?A.Tofindouthowmuchwaterplantsneed.B.Tocomparethegrowthofplantsunderdifferentlightconditions.C.Tomeasuretheheightofplantsincentimeters.D.Todeterminetheweightoftheplants.参考答案：B4.Duringaschoolproject,studentswereaskedtobuildasmallbridgeusingonlypopsiclesticksandglue.Whichofthefollowingstepsismostimportantforensuringthebridge'sstability?A.Usingmoregluethanpopsiclesticks.B.Makingthebridgeaslongaspossible.C.Designingastrongsupportstructureatthebase.D.Paintingthebridgetomakeitlookattractive.参考答案：C5.Afarmerneedstoirrigatehiscropsusingacanal.Whichofthefollowingfactorswillhelphimdeterminethebestwaytochannelthewater?A.Thetypeofcropsheisgrowing.B.Thelengthofthecanal.C.Theslopeoftheland.D.Thecolorofthesoil.参考答案：C6.Inaphysicaleducationclass,studentsarelearningaboutdifferenttypesofexercises.Whichofthefollowingexercisesismosteffectiveforimprovingcardiovascularhealth?A.StretchingB.WeightliftingC.RunningD.Yoga参考答案：C7.Aconstructionteamisbuildinganewhouse.Whichofthefollowingstepsshouldtheytakefirst?A.Laythefoundation.B.Installthewindows.C.Paintthewalls.D.Installtheroof.参考答案：A8.Duringawaterconservationproject,studentsareaskedtodesignasystemtocollectrainwater.Whichofthefollowingcomponentsismostimportantforthissystem?A.Alargetanktostorewater.B.Apipetocarrywater.C.Afiltertopurifywater.D.Apumptomovewater.参考答案：A9.Inabiologyclass,studentsarestudyingthelifecycleoffish.Whichofthefollowingstagesismostcriticalforthesurvivalofthespecies?A.BirthB.GrowthC.ReproductionD.Death参考答案：C10.Agroupofstudentsisplanningaschoolevent.Whichofthefollowingstepsshouldtheytakefirst?A.Decideonthedateandtime.B.Plantheactivities.C.Inviteguests.D.Createabudget.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Thefarmerneedsto______thefieldwithwaterbecauseofthedrought.参考答案：irrigate2.Howmanyminutesdoesittaketowalkfromtheschoolgatetothelibrary?参考答案：153.Abasketballteamneedstopractice______toimprovetheirskills.参考答案：hard4.Theconstructionteamisbuildingabridgeacrosstheriver.Theyhavealreadyfinished______ofthework.参考答案：half5.Thestudentsareplantingtreesintheschoolgarden.Theyhaveplanted20treessofar.Howmanymoretreesdotheyneedtoplanttofinishtheproject?参考答案：306.Theteacheraskedthestudentstomeasurethelengthoftheclassroom.Thelengthoftheclassroomis10meters.Whatisthewidthoftheclassroomiftheperimeteris32meters?参考答案：127.Thestudentsarehavingawaterconservationcompetition.Theyneedtosaveatleast100litersofwaterperday.Sofar,theyhavesaved50liters.Howmanymorelitersdotheyneedtosave?参考答案：508.Thefarmerisplanningtobuyanewirrigationsystem.Hehastwooptions.OptionAcosts500andcanirrigate20hectaresofland.OptionBcosts800andcanirrigate30hectaresofland.Whichoptionismorecost-effective?参考答案：OptionA9.Thestudentsarehavingasportsday.Theyneedtoarrangethetrackandfieldequipment.Thereare10runningtracks,5jumpingpits,and3throwingareas.Howmanypiecesofequipmentdotheyneedtoarrange?参考答案：1810.Theteacheraskedthestudentstowriteareportaboutwaterconservation.Thereportshouldbeatleast500wordslong.Thestudentshavealreadywritten200words.Howmanymorewordsdotheyneedtowrite?参考答案：300三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Theweatherinsummerisalwayshoteverywhereintheworld.参考答案：×2.ManypeoplegoswimmingintheriverduringtheSpringFestival.参考答案：×3.Itisimportanttosavewaterbecausefreshwaterislimitedontheearth.参考答案：√4.Farmersusuallyplantriceinthedryseason.参考答案：×5.Buildingadamcanhelppreventfloodsandprovidewaterforirrigation.参考答案：√6.Sportsaregoodforourhealth,soweshouldexerciseeveryday.参考答案：√7.Playingbasketballismorepopularthanplayingfootballinmanycountries.参考答案：×8.Aconstructionteamneedstoworkcarefullytobuildasafeandstrongbridge.参考答案：√9.Waterconservationmeansusinglesswaterthanweneed.参考答案：×10.Thegovernmentoftenencouragespeopletoplanttreestoprotecttheenvironment.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.PleasebrieflydescribethemaincontentofUnit5intheEnglishtextbook.参考答案：Unit5mainlyfocusesontopicslikewaterconservation,sports,andfitness,introducingimportantvocabularyandgrammarrelatedtotheseareas.2.WhatarethekeyvocabularywordsthatstudentsshouldlearninUnit5?参考答案：KeyvocabularywordsinUnit5include"conservation,""recycle,""sports,""fitness,""environment,""water,"and"exercise."3.HowcanstudentseffectivelypracticethegrammarpointstaughtinUnit5?参考答案：Studentscaneffectivelypracticegrammarpointsbydoingexercises,writingsentences,andparticipatinginrole-playingactivities.4.CanyoulistthreeactivitiesthatarecommonlyincludedinUnit5lessons?参考答案：ThreecommonactivitiesinUnit5lessonsaregroupdiscussions,writingparagraphs,andwatchingvideos.5.Whatisthesignificanceofthetopic"WaterConservation"inUnit5?参考答案：Thetopic"WaterConservation"inUnit5issignificantbecauseitraisesstudents'awarenessofenvironmentalissuesandteachesthemhowtoprotectwaterresources.6.HowdoesthereadingpassageinUnit5helpstudentsunderstandenvironmentalissues?参考答案：ThereadingpassageinUnit5helpsstudentsunderstandenvironmentalissuesbyprovidingreal-lifeexamplesandexplainingtheimpactofhumanactivitiesontheenvironment.7.InUnit5,whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentsimpleandpresentcontinuoustenses?参考答案：Themaindifferencesbetweenthepresentsimpleandpresentcontinuoustensesaretheirusage:thepresentsimpleisusedforhabitsandgeneraltruths,whilethepresentcontinuousisusedforactionshappeningnow.8.WhyisitimportantforstudentstolearnaboutsportsandfitnessinUnit5?参考答案：LearningaboutsportsandfitnessinUnit5isimportantbecauseitpromotesahealthylifestyleandhelpsstudentsdevelopphysicalandmentalwell-being.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）（先阅读下面材料，再根据材料内容作答，答案写在对应题目下方的横线上）Lastweekend,agroupofstudentsfromClass8participatedinacommunityserviceprojectorganizedbytheirschool.Theprojectaimedtoimprovetheenvironmentinalocalpark.Thestudentsworkedtogethertoplanttrees,cleanuplitter,andremoveweedsfromtheflowerbeds.Theyalsopaintedsomeoftheparkbenchestomakethemlookmoreattractive.Despitethehotweather,thestudentswereverymotivatedandenjoyedtheirtimeworkingoutdoors.Theprojectwasagreatsuccess,andtheparklooksmuchbetternow.Thestudentsfeltproudtohavecontributedtotheircommunityandlearnedtheimportanceofteamworkandenvironmentalresponsibility.1.Whatdidthestudentsdointhelocalpark?A.Theyplayedbasketball.B.Theyplantedtreesandcleaneduplitter.C.Theyhadapicnic.D.Theywentforaswim.参考答案：B2.Whendidthestudentsparticipateintheproject?A.Everyday.B.Onlyonweekends.C.Lastweekend.D.Allyearround.参考答案：C3.Howdidthestudentsfeelabouttheproject?A.Theywerebored.B.Theyweretired.C.Theywereproudandmotivated.D.Theyweredisappointed.参考答案：C4.Whatwasthemaingoaloftheproject?A.Tohavefun.B.Toimprovetheenvironment.C.Tocompetewithotherclasses.D.Toearnextracredit.参考答案：B5.Whatdidthestudentsdotomaketheparklookbetter?A.Theybuiltanewplayground.B.Theyplantedtrees,cleaneduplitter,andpaintedbenches.C.Theyinstallednewlights.D.Theyorganizedaconcert.参考答案：B6.Whyisenvironmentalresponsibilityimportant?A.Itmakestheparkmorebeautiful.B.IthelpstoprotecttheEarth.C.Itmakespeoplemorepopular.D.Itsavesmoney.参考答案：B7.Whatdidthestudentslearnfromtheproject?A.Howtoplaybasketball.B.Howtoswim.C.Theimportanceofteamworkandenvironmentalresponsibility.D.Howtopaint.参考答案：C8.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.ADayatthePark.B.ACommunityServiceProject.C.HotWeatherandFun.D.StudentActivities.参考答案：B标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：A解析：本题考查询问具体时间的方式。选项A"Whenisthetryoutfortheschoolbasketballteam?"是正确的问法，直接询问时间。选项B"Whattimeisthetryoutfortheschoolbasketballteam?"也是正确的，但不如选项A常用。选项C"Howlongisthetryoutfortheschoolbasketballteam?"询问的是时长，不是时间。选项D"Whereisthetryoutfortheschoolbasketballteam?"询问的是地点。因此，A是最合适的选项。2.参考答案：A解析：本题考查时间计算。Lily的初始时间是15秒，最终时间是13秒。计算方法为：15秒-13秒=2秒。因此，B是正确答案。选项A、C、D的数值都是错误的。3.参考答案：B解析：本题考查科学实验的目的。实验的目的是比较不同光照条件下植物的生长情况，因此选项B是正确的。选项A、C、D描述的是实验的其他方面，但不是主要目的。4.参考答案：C解析：本题考查桥梁稳定性设计。桥梁的稳定性主要取决于基础结构，因此选项C是正确的。选项A、B、D描述的是其他方面，但不是确保稳定性的关键因素。5.参考答案：C解析：本题考查灌溉系统设计。土地的坡度会影响水的流动方向和速度，因此选项C是重要的考虑因素。选项A、B、D虽然也是相关因素，但坡度对灌溉系统的设计影响最大。6.参考答案：C解析：本题考查有氧运动。跑步是一种有氧运动，能有效提高心肺功能，因此选项C是正确的。选项A、B、D虽然也是运动，但不是最有效的有氧运动。7.参考答案：A解析：本题考查房屋建设顺序。建设房屋的第一步是铺设基础，因此选项A是正确的。选项B、C、D描述的是后续步骤，不是第一步。8.参考答案：A解析：本题考查雨水收集系统。收集雨水需要一个大容量储水罐，因此选项A是正确的。选项B、C、D描述的是系统的其他部分，但不是主要部分。9.参考答案：C解析：本题考查鱼类生命周期。繁殖是物种延续的关键，因此选项C是正确的。选项A、B、D描述的是生命周期的一部分，但不是最关键的。10.参考答案：A解析：本题考查活动策划步骤。首先需要确定日期和时间，因此选项A是正确的。选项B、C、D描述的是后续步骤，不是第一步。二、填空题1.参考答案：irrigate解析：本题考查动词词组辨析。根据句意“农民需要用水灌溉田地因为干旱”，应填入动词词组irrigatethefield（灌溉田地）。其他选项如waterthefield（给田地浇水）虽然意思相近，但不如irrigatethefield精确，因为irrigate强调的是用灌溉系统等工具进行大规模灌溉。2.参考答案：15解析：本题考查数学计算。根据题意，假设从校门到图书馆的距离为x米，步行速度为v米/分钟，则所需时间为x/v分钟。由于题目未给出具体数值，无法直接计算。但根据常见情境，假设校门到图书馆的距离为600米，步行速度为40米/分钟，则所需时间为600/40=15分钟。3.参考答案：hard解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意“篮球队需要努力练习以提高他们的技能”，应填入副词hard（努力地）。其他选项如often（经常）、late（晚地）等都不符合句意。4.参考答案：half解析：本题考查分数表达。根据句意“建筑团队正在建造横跨河流的桥梁。他们已经完成了工作的一半”，应填入half（一半）。其他选项如one-third（三分之一）、three-quarters（四分之三）等都不符合句意。5.参考答案：30解析：本题考查数学计算。根据题意，假设还需要种植x棵树才能完成项目。已知已经种植了20棵树，总共需要种植50棵树，所以x=50-20=30。因此，还需要种植30棵树。6.参考答案：12解析：本题考查数学计算。根据题意，假设教室的宽度为y米。已知教室的长度为10米，周长为32米，所以2(10+y)=32。解方程得y=12。因此，教室的宽度为12米。7.参考答案：50解析：本题考查数学计算。根据题意，假设还需要节约x升水才能达到目标。已知需要节约至少100升水，已经节约了50升水，所以x=100-50=50。因此，还需要节约50升水。8.参考答案：OptionA解析：本题考查多方案对比择优。根据题意，选项A的成本为500，可以灌溉20公顷土地，所以每公顷土地的成本为500/20=25。选项B的成本为800，可以灌溉30公顷土地，所以每公顷土地的成本为800/30≈26.67。因此，选项A更经济。9.参考答案：18解析：本题考查数学计算。根据题意，假设需要安排x件设备。已知有10条跑道，5个跳远坑，3个投掷区，所以x=10+5+3=18。因此，需要安排18件设备。10.参考答案：300解析：本题考查数学计算。根据题意，假设还需要写x个字才能完成报告。已知报告至少需要500字，已经写了200字，所以x=500-200=300。因此，还需要写300字。三、判断题1.参考答案：×解析：本题考查《江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元》关于天气的描述。题干表述错误，因为不同地区的夏季天气差异很大，有的地方可能很热，有的地方则相对凉爽，不存在“总是热”的情况。正确的表述应该是“Summerweathercanbehotinsomeplacesbutcoolinothers.”（夏季天气在一些地方很热，但在其他地方则凉爽。）2.参考答案：×解析：本题考查《江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元》关于传统节日的活动。题干表述错误，因为春节（SpringFestival）是中国的传统节日，通常在冬季庆祝，而不是夏季。人们通常在春节期间吃团圆饭、放鞭炮、贴春联等，而不是去河里游泳。3.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元》关于水资源保护的重要性。题干表述正确，因为地球上的淡水资源是有限的，节约用水非常重要。正确的表述应该是“Itisimportanttosavewaterbecausefreshwaterislimitedontheearth.”（节约用水很重要，因为地球上的淡水资源是有限的。）4.参考答案：×解析：本题考查《江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元》关于农业生产的季节性。题干表述错误，因为农民通常在雨季（wetseason）种植水稻，而不是在干季（dryseason）。正确的表述应该是“Farmersusuallyplantriceinthewetseason.”（农民通常在雨季种植水稻。）5.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元》关于水利工程的作用。题干表述正确，因为建造水坝可以帮助防止洪水并提供灌溉用水。正确的表述应该是“Buildingadamcanhelppreventfloodsandprovidewaterforirrigation.”（建造水坝可以帮助防止洪水并提供灌溉用水。）6.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元》关于体育运动与健康的关系。题干表述正确，因为体育运动对健康有益，我们应该每天锻炼。正确的表述应该是“Sportsaregoodforourhealth,soweshouldexerciseeveryday.”（体育运动对健康有益，所以我们应该每天锻炼。）7.参考答案：×解析：本题考查《江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元》关于不同体育运动的流行程度。题干表述错误，因为篮球和足球在不同国家的流行程度因地区而异，不能一概而论。正确的表述应该是“Playingbasketballismorepopularthanplayingfootballinsomecountries,butitisnottrueinothers.”（在一些国家，打篮球比踢足球更流行，但在其他国家则不是这样。）8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元》关于建筑工程的重要性。题干表述正确，因为建筑团队需要小心工作来建造一个安全坚固的桥梁。正确的表述应该是“Aconstructionteamneedstoworkcarefullytobuildasafeandstrongbridge.”（建筑团队需要小心工作来建造一个安全坚固的桥梁。）9.参考答案：×解析：本题考查《江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元》关于水资源保护的含义。题干表述错误，因为节约用水并不意味着比我们需要的水量还要少，而是指合理使用水资源。正确的表述应该是“Waterconservationmeansusingwaterreasonablyandnotwastingit.”（节约用水意味着合理使用水资源，而不是浪费它。）10.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《江苏省苏教版八年级英语第5单元》关于环境保护的措施。题干表述正确，因为政府经常鼓励人们种树来保护环境。正确的表述应该是“Thegovernmentoftenencouragespeopletoplanttreestoprotecttheenvironment.”（政府经常鼓励人们种树来保护环境。）四、简答题1.参考答案：Unit5mainlyfocusesontopicslikewaterconservation,sports,andfitness,introducingimportantvocabularyandgrammarrelatedtotheseareas.解析：本题考查Unit5的主要内容。Unit5coversthemessuchaswaterconservation,sports,andfitness,providingstudentswithessentialvocabularyandgrammarrelatedtothesesubjects.Theunitaimstoenhancestudents'awarenessofenvironmentalissuesandpromoteahealthylifestylethroughengagingactivitiesandlessons.2.参考答案：KeyvocabularywordsinUnit5include"conservation,""recycle,""sports,""fitness,""environment,""water,"and"exercise."解析：本题考查Unit5的核心词汇。Unit5introducesvocabularyrelatedtowaterconservation,sports,andfitness,suchas"conservation,""recycle,""sports,""fitness,""environment,""water,"and"exercise."ThesewordsarecrucialforstudentstounderstandanduseinbothwrittenandspokenEnglish.3.参考答案：Studentscaneffectivelypracticegrammarpointsbydoingexercises,writingsentences,andparticipatinginrole-playingactivities.解析：本题考查Unit5语法点的有效练习方法。TomasterthegrammarpointsinUnit5,studentsshouldengageinvariouspracticeactivities,suchascompletingexercises,writingsentencesusingnewvocabulary,andparticipatinginrole-playingscenarios.Thesemethodshelpreinforcetheirunderstandingandapplicationofthegrammar.4.参考答案：ThreecommonactivitiesinUnit5lessonsaregroupdiscussions,writingparagraphs,andwatchingvideos.解析：本题考查Unit5课内的主要活动。Unit5lessonsoftenincludeactivitieslikegroupdiscussionstoencouragecollaboration,writingparagraphstoimprovewritingskills,andwatchingvideostoenhancecomprehensionandengagementwiththetopics.5.参考答案：Thetopic"WaterConservation"inUnit5issignificantbecauseitraisesstudents'awarenessofenvironmentalissuesandteachesthemhowtoprotectwaterresources.解析：本题考查Unit5中“WaterConservation”主题的重要性。The"WaterConservation"topicinUnit5isimportantasiteducatesstudentsaboutenvironmentalchallengesandteachesthempracticalwaystoconservewater,fosteringasenseofresponsibilitytowardstheenvironment.6.参考答案：ThereadingpassageinUnit5helpsstudentsunderstandenvironmentalissuesbyprovidingreal-lifeexamplesandexplainingtheimpactofhumanactivitiesontheenvironment.解析：本题考查Unit5阅读理解的作用。ThereadingpassageinUnit5offersinsightsintoenvironmentalissuesbypresentingreal-lifescenariosandexplaininghowhumanactionsaffecttheenvironment,helpingstudentsdevelopadeeperunderstandingofthesetopics.7.参考答案：Themaindifferencesbetweenthepresentsimpleandpresentcontinuoustensesaretheirusage:thepresentsimpleisusedforhabitsandgeneraltruths,whilethepresentcontinuousisusedforactionshappeningnow.解析：本题考查Unit5中现在简单时和现在进行时的区别。Thepresentsimpletenseisusedtodescribehabitsandgeneraltruths,whereasthepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthemomentofspeaking.UnderstandingthesedifferencesiscrucialforaccurateEnglishusage.8.参考