山东省济南市实验中学八年级英语第7单元语法专项训练习题及答案

山东省济南市实验中学八年级英语第7单元语法专项训练习题及答案第1页共1页山东省济南市实验中学八年级英语第7单元语法专项训练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.Ifitissunnytomorrow,wewillgotothepark.Thissentenceisa(n)______sentence.A.simpleB.compoundC.complexD.interrogative参考答案：B2.Thebookisinteresting.Iwanttoreadit.Whichsentencecombinesthetwosentencescorrectlyusingaconjunction?A.Thebookisinteresting,Iwanttoreadit.B.ThebookisinterestingandIwanttoreadit.C.Thebookisinteresting,soIwanttoreadit.D.Iwanttoreadthebookisinteresting.参考答案：C3.Shesaid,"Iamtired."Whichsentenceisthecorrectreportedspeech?A.Shesaidthatshewastired.B.Shesaidthatsheistired.C.Shesaidthatshetired.D.Shesaidthatshehastired.参考答案：A4."Whatdidyoudoyesterday?""I______tothelibrary."Whichverbformcorrectlycompletesthesentence?A.goB.wentC.goesD.going参考答案：B5.Theteacherasked,"Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?"Thisisa(n)______question.A.yes/noquestionB.wh-questionC.tagquestionD.indirectquestion参考答案：A6."Iwillcallyoulater."Whichsentenceisthecorrectpassivevoiceform?A.Itwillbecalledbymelater.B.Iwillbecalledlater.C.Itwillcallmelater.D.Iwillbecallinglater.参考答案：B7.Thestudentsareplayingbasketball.Thissentenceisinthe______tense.A.presentsimpleB.presentcontinuousC.pastsimpleD.pastcontinuous参考答案：B8."Canyouhelpmewiththis?"Thisisa(n)______question.A.imperativeB.interrogativeC.declarativeD.exclamatory参考答案：B9.Thecatissleepingonthesofa.Whichsentenceisthecorrectinterrogativeform?A.Isthecatsleepingonthesofa?B.Thecatissleepingonthesofa?C.Sleepingonthesofaisthecat?D.Thecatonthesofaissleeping?参考答案：A10.Shesaid,"Iwasbornin2005."Whichsentenceisthecorrectreportedspeech?A.Shesaidthatshewasbornin2005.B.Shesaidthatshehasbeenbornin2005.C.Shesaidthatsheisbornin2005.D.Shesaidthatshewasbornin2006.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Sheoften______(go)tothelibraryafterschool.参考答案：goes2.WewillhaveapartynextSaturday.You______(come)too,won'tyou?参考答案：willcome3.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillstayathome.参考答案：rains4.He______(notfinish)hishomeworkyet.参考答案：hasn'tfinished5.Mysisteristallerthanme.She______(be)twoyearsolderthanme.参考答案：is6.Theboyisplayingfootballintheparknow.He______(play)footballeveryday.参考答案：plays7.They______(go)tothecinemalastnight.参考答案：went8.Ifyouwanttobehealthy,you______(exercise)regularly.参考答案：shouldexercise9.ThisisthefirsttimeI______(eat)Japanesefood.参考答案：haveeaten10.I______(notsee)himfortwoweeks.参考答案：haven'tseen三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Ifitissunnytomorrow,wewillgotothepark.参考答案：×2.Theboyisplayingfootballintheschoolyardnow.参考答案：√3.WewillhaveapartynextSaturday.参考答案：√4.Sheoftengoestothelibraryafterschool.参考答案：√5.Ifyouwanttobehealthy,youshouldexerciseeveryday.参考答案：√6.ThisisthefirsttimeIhavevisitedthismuseum.参考答案：×7.Ihavenotseenhimfortwoweeks.参考答案：√8.Mysisteristallerthanme.Sheisthetallestinourfamily.参考答案：×9.Theywenttothecinemalastnight.参考答案：√10.IfyouwanttobegoodatEnglish,youneedtopracticealot.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.PleasedescribethestructureofarelativeclauseinEnglish.参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofdependentclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanounornounphrase.Itusuallybeginswitharelativepronounsuchas"who,""which,""that,"or"whose."Forexample,"ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting."2.Whatisthefunctionoftheword"which"inasentence?参考答案：Theword"which"canfunctionasarelativepronouninasentence,referringtothingsoranimals.Forexample,"ThecitywhichhasthetallestbuildingsisShanghai."3.Howdoyouformthepastperfecttenseofaregularverb?参考答案：Thepastperfecttenseofaregularverbisformedbyusing"had"followedbythepastparticipleoftheverb.Forexample,"Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewentout."4.Canyougiveanexampleofasentenceusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustense?参考答案：Anexampleofasentenceusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseis"HehasbeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears."5.Explainthedifferencebetween"too"and"either."参考答案："Too"means"also"or"excessively,"while"either"means"both"or"noteitherofthetwo."Forexample,"Ilikecoffee,too."and"Youcanhaveeitherteaorcoffee."6.Whatisthecorrectwaytouse"so"inasentence?参考答案："So"isusedtoshowaresultorconsequence.Forexample,"Itrained,sowestayedinside."7.Describetheroleofaconjunctioninasentence.参考答案：Aconjunctionisawordthatconnectswords,phrases,orclauses.Forexample,"and"connectstwowords,"but"connectstwoclauses.8.HowdoyouchangeastatementintoaquestioninEnglish?参考答案：TochangeastatementintoaquestioninEnglish,youcanusequestionwords,changethewordorder,oraddaquestionmark.Forexample,"Sheisastudent"becomes"Issheastudent?"五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）（先阅读下面材料，再根据材料内容作答，答案写在对应题目下方的横线上）Deareditor,Iamwritingtoexpressmyconcernabouttheincreasingnumberofplasticbagsusedindailylife.Plasticbagsarewidelyusedbecausetheyarecheap,convenient,andlightweight.However,theyareharmfultotheenvironment.Whenplasticbagsarenotrecycledproperly,theycantakehundredsofyearstodecompose.Theypollutethesoilandwater,andcanharmanimalsthatmistakethemforfood.Inmanycountries,governmentshaveintroducedlawstoreducetheuseofplasticbags.Forexample,somecountrieshaveimposedataxonplasticbags,whileothershavebannedthementirely.Ibelievethatreducingtheuseofplasticbagsiseveryone'sresponsibility.Wecanallmakeadifferencebyusingreusablebagswhenweshop,recyclingplasticbags,andsupportingpoliciesthataimtoreduceplasticwaste.Let'sworktogethertoprotectourplanetforfuturegenerations.Bestregards,LiHua1.Whatisthemaintopicoftheletter?A.TheimportanceofusingreusablebagsB.TheharmfuleffectsofplasticbagsontheenvironmentC.Thegovernment'sroleinreducingplasticbaguseD.Thebenefitsofshoppingatlocalstores参考答案：B2.Whyareplasticbagswidelyused?A.TheyareexpensiveandheavyB.TheyarenotconvenientanddurableC.Theyarecheap,convenient,andlightweightD.Theyaremadefromrecycledmaterials参考答案：C3.Whathappenstoplasticbagsthatarenotrecycledproperly?A.TheydecomposequicklyB.Theypollutethesoilandwater,andcanharmanimalsC.TheyareusedtomakenewplasticbagsD.Theyareburnedinincinerators参考答案：B4.Whathavesomegovernmentsdonetoreducetheuseofplasticbags?A.TheyhaveencouragedpeopletousemoreplasticbagsB.TheyhaveimposedataxonplasticbagsandbannedthementirelyinsomecasesC.TheyhaveprovidedfreeplasticbagstoeveryoneD.Theyhaveignoredtheproblemofplasticbagwaste参考答案：B5.Whatcanindividualsdotoreducetheuseofplasticbags?A.UsedisposableplasticbagswheneverpossibleB.Usereusablebagswhentheyshop,recycleplasticbags,andsupportpoliciesthataimtoreduceplasticwasteC.ThrowplasticbagsinthetrashinsteadofrecyclingthemD.Buymoreplasticbagstohaveasupplyforfutureuse参考答案：B6.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingtheletter?A.TopersuadereaderstousemoreplasticbagsB.ToinformreadersaboutthebenefitsofplasticbagsC.ToexpressconcernabouttheharmfuleffectsofplasticbagsontheenvironmentandtosuggestwaystoreducetheiruseD.Tocriticizegovernmentsfornotdoingenoughtoreduceplasticbaguse参考答案：C7.Whatisthetoneoftheletter?A.InformativeB.PersuasiveC.DescriptiveD.Narrative参考答案：B8.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleoftheauthor'sopinion?A.Plasticbagsarewidelyusedbecausetheyarecheap,convenient,andlightweight.B.Whenplasticbagsarenotrecycledproperly,theycantakehundredsofyearstodecompose.C.Reducingtheuseofplasticbagsiseveryone'sresponsibility.D.Somecountrieshaveimposedataxonplasticbags,whileothershavebannedthementirely.参考答案：C标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“并列句的构成”。题干中的两个句子“如果明天晴天，我们会去公园”和“书很有趣”可以并列连接，表示两个独立但相关的陈述。选项A是两个简单句的简单并列，没有连接词；选项C使用了“so”表示因果关系，不符合题意；选项D语序错误；选项B使用“and”连接两个简单句，构成并列句，符合题意。2.参考答案：C解析：本题考查“并列连词的用法”。题干中的两个句子“书很有趣”和“我想读它”可以并列连接，表示两个独立但相关的陈述。选项A是两个简单句的简单并列，没有连接词；选项B使用“and”连接，但缺少连词前的逗号；选项C使用“so”表示因果关系，符合题意；选项D语序错误。干扰项A、B、D均存在语法错误，符合学生典型错误。3.参考答案：A解析：本题考查“直接引语与间接引语的转换”。题干中的直接引语“她说了‘我累了’”转换为间接引语时，需要将第一人称改为第三人称，并将现在时态改为过去时态。选项A正确地将直接引语转换为间接引语，符合题意；选项B保留了第一人称，不符合题意；选项C缺少系动词；选项D使用了现在完成时，不符合题意。4.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“一般过去时态的用法”。题干中的句子“昨天你做了什么？”是对过去的询问，因此回答时需要使用一般过去时态。选项A使用一般现在时，不符合题意；选项B使用一般过去时，符合题意；选项C使用第三人称单数形式，不符合题意；选项D使用现在进行时，不符合题意。5.参考答案：A解析：本题考查“特殊疑问句的构成”。题干中的句子“老师问‘你昨天做完作业了吗？’”是一个特殊疑问句，询问具体动作的完成情况。选项A是一个一般疑问句，询问是否完成作业；选项B是一个特殊疑问句，询问具体做了什么；选项C是一个反义疑问句；选项D是一个间接疑问句。干扰项B、C、D均不符合题意。6.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“被动语态的构成”。题干中的句子“‘我会给你打电话的’”转换为被动语态时，需要将主语和谓语动词进行转换。选项A语序错误；选项B正确地将主动语态转换为被动语态，符合题意；选项C保留了主动语态；选项D使用了现在进行时，不符合题意。7.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“现在进行时态的用法”。题干中的句子“学生们正在打篮球”描述的是正在进行的动作，因此需要使用现在进行时态。选项A使用一般现在时，不符合题意；选项B使用现在进行时，符合题意；选项C使用过去时态，不符合题意；选项D使用过去进行时，不符合题意。8.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“疑问句的构成”。题干中的句子“你能帮我吗？”是一个疑问句，询问对方是否能够提供帮助。选项A是祈使句；选项B是疑问句，符合题意；选项C是陈述句；选项D是感叹句。干扰项A、C、D均不符合题意。9.参考答案：A解析：本题考查“特殊疑问句的构成”。题干中的句子“猫正在沙发上睡觉吗？”是一个特殊疑问句，询问猫是否正在沙发上睡觉。选项A正确地构成了特殊疑问句，符合题意；选项B语序错误；选项C语序错误；选项D语序错误。10.参考答案：A解析：本题考查“直接引语与间接引语的转换”。题干中的直接引语“她说‘我2005年出生’”转换为间接引语时，需要将第一人称改为第三人称，并将一般过去时态改为过去完成时态。选项A正确地将直接引语转换为间接引语，符合题意；选项B使用了现在完成时，不符合题意；选项C使用了现在时态，不符合题意；选项D将年份错误。干扰项B、C、D均存在语法错误，符合学生典型错误。二、填空题1.参考答案：goes解析：本题考查一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。主语是She，动词go的第三人称单数形式是goes。2.参考答案：willcome解析：本题考查一般将来时。主句是WewillhaveapartynextSaturday，从句是You______(come)too,won'tyou?，从句用一般将来时。3.参考答案：rains解析：本题考查一般现在时的条件状语从句。主句是WewillhaveapartynextSaturday，从句是Ifit______(rain)tomorrow，从句用一般现在时。4.参考答案：hasn'tfinished解析：本题考查现在完成时的否定形式。主语是He，动词finish的现在完成时否定形式是hasn'tfinished。5.参考答案：is解析：本题考查一般现在时。主语是She，动词be的第三人称单数形式是is。6.参考答案：plays解析：本题考查一般现在时。主语是He，动词play的第三人称单数形式是plays。7.参考答案：went解析：本题考查一般过去时。主语是They，动词go的过去式是went。8.参考答案：shouldexercise解析：本题考查情态动词should的用法。句意是如果你想让身体健康，你应该经常锻炼。9.参考答案：haveeaten解析：本题考查现在完成时。主语是I，动词eat的现在完成时是haveeaten。10.参考答案：haven'tseen解析：本题考查现在完成时的否定形式。主语是I，动词see的现在完成时否定形式是haven'tseen。三、判断题1.参考答案：×解析：本题考查“条件状语从句的用法”。题干中的“ifitissunnytomorrow”是条件状语从句，但主句“wewillgotothepark”缺少主语“we”，因此句子不完整，错误。2.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“现在进行时的用法”。题干中的“isplayingfootball”是现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作，符合语法规则，正确。3.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“将来时态的用法”。题干中的“willhaveapartynextSaturday”是将来时态，表示未来的计划，符合语法规则，正确。4.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“一般现在时的用法”。题干中的“oftengoestothelibrary”是一般现在时，表示经常性的动作，符合语法规则，正确。5.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“条件状语从句的用法”。题干中的“ifyouwanttobehealthy”是条件状语从句，引导词“if”后面用一般现在时，主句“youshouldexerciseeveryday”用情态动词“should”，符合语法规则，正确。6.参考答案：×解析：本题考查“序数词的用法”。题干中的“thefirsttime”是序数词，但后面的动词形式“havevisited”应该是一般过去时“visited”，因为“thisis”表示这一次，不符合语法规则，错误。7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“现在完成时的用法”。题干中的“havenotseen”是现在完成时，表示到目前为止的动作，符合语法规则，正确。8.参考答案：×解析：本题考查“比较级和最高级的用法”。题干中的“istallerthanme”是比较级，但后面的“sheisthetallestinourfamily”是最高级，前后不一致，错误。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“过去时态的用法”。题干中的“wenttothecinema”是过去时态，表示过去的动作，符合语法规则，正确。10.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“情态动词的用法”。题干中的“needtopractice”是情态动词“need”的用法，表示需要做某事，符合语法规则，正确。四、简答题1.参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofdependentclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanounornounphrase.Itusuallybeginswitharelativepronounsuchas"who,""which,""that,"or"whose."Forexample,"ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting."解析：本题考查“定语从句的结构”。定语从句由关系词、先行词和从句本身构成，关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。①定语从句的功能是修饰名词或代词；②关系代词“who”指人，“which”指物；③关系副词“when”“where”“why”分别表示时间、地点和原因。例句中“that”引导定语从句修饰“book”。2.参考答案：Theword"which"canfunctionasarelativepronouninasentence,referringtothingsoranimals.Forexample,"ThecitywhichhasthetallestbuildingsisShanghai."解析：本题考查“关系代词which的用法”。①which指物或动物；②在从句中作主语或宾语；③不能指人。例句中“which”指代“city”，作主语。3.参考答案：Thepastperfecttenseofaregularverbisformedbyusing"had"followedbythepastparticipleoftheverb.Forexample,"Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewentout."解析：本题考查“一般过去时的构成”。①一般过去时结构为“助动词had+动词过去分词”；②常用于表示过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作。例句中“hadfinished”表示“完成作业”发生在“wentout”之前。4.参考答案：Anexampleofasentenceusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseis"HehasbeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears."解析：本题考查“现在完成进行时的用法”。①结构为“助动词have/hasbeen+现在分词”；②表示动作从过去持续到现在，可能继续进行。例句中“hasbeenstudying”强调“学习”动作的持续性。5.参考答案："Too"means"also"or"excessively,"while"either"means"both"or"noteitherofthetwo."Forexample,"Ilikecoffee,too."and"Youcanhaveeitherteaorcoffee."解析：本题考查“too与either的辨析”。①"too"用于肯定句表示“也”，用于否定句表示“太”；②"either"用于否定句表示“也”，常与"neither"连用。例句分别展示了两者在肯定句和否定句中的用法。6.参考答案："So"isusedtoshowaresultorconsequence.Forexample,"Itrained,sowestayedinside."解析：本题考查“so的用法”。①表示因果关系，“所以”；②常用于连接两个句子。例句中“so”连接了原因句和结果句。7.参考答案：Aconjunctionisawordthatconnectswords,phrases,orclauses.Forexample,"and"connectstwowords,"but"connectstwoclauses.解析：本题考查“连词的作用”。①连词用于连接句子成分；②常见连词有"and"、"but"、"or"等。例句展示了"and"和"but"的连接功能。8.参考答案：TochangeastatementintoaquestioninEnglish,youcanusequestionwords,changethewordorder,oraddaquestionmark.Forexa