山东省泰安市泰山区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期第一次学情调研英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省泰安市泰山区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期第一次学情调研英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThisiswhereyoucanexplore(探索)unknownandthemostinterestingfactsaboutourlivingplanet,theuniverse,andpeople’slifestyles.Herearesometopunmissablefestivalsfromaroundtheworld.RioCarnival,BrazilItisafive-dayfestivalwhichtakesplacefortydaysbeforeEaster.RiodeJaneirohasearneditstitleastheCarnivalcapital(首都)oftheworldwithitsfamoussambadancing,colourfuleye-catchingclothesandlivemusic.St.Patrick’sDay,IrelandHeldonMarch17everyyear,itisacelebrationtomarkthedeathofIreland’spatronsaint(守护神)SaintPatrick.Since1996,anentirefestivalofparades,fireworksaswellasfoodanddrinkshassurroundedthecelebration.Enjoytraditionalsongsanddances,watchmusicalstreettheatreshowsandgetdressedinallgreenasyoucelebrateIrishheritage(遗产)andculture.HoliFestival,IndiaHoliisaHinduspringfestival,alsoknownasthe“festivalofcolours”.Itisasignofthevictory(胜利)ofgoodoverevil,theendofwinter,andthearrivalofspring.Startingwithanighttimebonfirewherepeoplegather,singanddance,Holiiscelebratedthenextdaybypeoplethrowingcolouredpowderandwaterateachother.BurningManFestival,UnitedStatesAsaweek-longeventattheendofAugustintheBlackRockDesertofNevada,itattractstensofthousandsofpeoplefromallovertheworldeachyear.TicketstoBurningManarenotcheap.Butonceyou’rethere,youwillsurelyhaveanunforgettableexperience.Themaineventisburningalargewoodenstatue(雕像)onSaturdaynight,followedbyabigdancepartythatlastsallnightlong.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTpresentedonSt.Patrick’sDay?A.Streettheatreperformances. B.Greenclothes.C.Traditionalartshows. D.Traditionalsongsanddances.2.Whichfestivallaststhelongestincelebration?A.BurningManFestival. B.RioCarnival.C.HoliFestival. D.St.Patrick’sDay.3.Whatdothefestivalshaveincommon?A.Peoplearealldressedintraditionalclothes. B.Thereisnoneedtobuytickets.C.Danceisacommonwaytocelebrate. D.Theycentreonspecificreligiouscustoms.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了巴西里约狂欢节、爱尔兰圣帕特里克节等四个世界顶级不容错过的节日及其庆祝方式。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据St.Patrick’sDay,Ireland中“Enjoytraditionalsongsanddances,watchmusicalstreettheatreshowsandgetdressedinallgreenasyoucelebrateIrishheritage(遗产)andculture.(欣赏传统歌舞，观看音乐街头戏剧表演，身着全绿色服饰，以此庆祝爱尔兰的传统与文化。)”以及选项可知，文中并未提到传统艺术展览。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据RioCarnival,Brazil中“Itisafive-dayfestivalwhichtakesplacefortydaysbeforeEaster.(这是一个为期五天的节日，在复活节前四十天举行。)”、HoliFestival,India中“Startingwithanighttimebonfirewherepeoplegather,singanddance,Holiiscelebratedthenextdaybypeoplethrowingcolouredpowderandwaterateachother.(胡里节以人们欢聚一堂、唱歌跳舞的夜间篝火开始，第二天人们互相抛洒彩色粉末和水来庆祝节日。)”、St.Patrick’sDay,Ireland中“HeldonMarch17everyyear,itisacelebrationtomarkthedeathofIreland’spatronsaint(守护神)SaintPatrick.(该活动于每年3月17日举行，旨在纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克的逝世。)”以及BurningManFestival,UnitedStates中“Asaweek-longeventattheendofAugustintheBlackRockDesertofNevada,itattractstensofthousandsofpeoplefromallovertheworldeachyear.(该活动于每年8月底在内华达州的黑岩沙漠举办，为期一周，每年都会吸引来自世界各地的数万人参加。)”可知，BurningManFestival持续一周，时间最长。故选A项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据RioCarnival,Brazil中“RiodeJaneirohasearneditstitleastheCarnivalcapital(首都)oftheworldwithitsfamoussambadancing,colourfuleye-catchingclothesandlivemusic.(里约热内卢凭借其著名的桑巴舞、鲜艳夺目的服饰和现场音乐，赢得了“世界狂欢节之都”的称号。)”、St.Patrick’sDay,Ireland中“Enjoytraditionalsongsanddances,watchmusicalstreettheatreshowsandgetdressedinallgreenasyoucelebrateIrishheritage(遗产)andculture.(欣赏传统歌舞，观看街头音乐戏剧表演，身着一身绿色服饰，以此庆祝爱尔兰的传统与文化。)”、HoliFestival,India中“Startingwithanighttimebonfirewherepeoplegather,singanddance,Holiiscelebratedthenextdaybypeoplethrowingcolouredpowderandwaterateachother.(胡里节以人们欢聚、载歌载舞的夜间篝火拉开序幕，次日人们互相抛洒彩色粉末与水来庆祝节日。)”以及BurningManFestival,UnitedStates中“Themaineventisburningalargewoodenstatue(雕像)onSaturdaynight,followedbyabigdancepartythatlastsallnightlong.(主要活动是在周六晚上焚烧一座巨大的木质雕像，随后是一场通宵的大型舞会。)”可知，舞蹈是这些节日共同的庆祝方式。故选C项。BSandoval,whocomesfromLosAngeles,hastraveledandfilmedinover50countriesacrosssevencontinentsandnowlivesinChina.“In2008,tiredofmystudioworkintheU.S.,IcametoChina,withthehopeoftryingsomethingdifferentformyself.”hesaid.SandovalisaprofessionalphotographerandhewenttoChengduinSouthwestChinatoliveinOctober2008andhastraveledthroughoutthecountrysincethen.Tohim,Chengduisthecapitalofalaid-backlifestyle.Hewasdelightedtoseethatresidents,dressedstylishlyorcomfortably,strolledinthestreets“asslowlyassnails”.Almosta“walkingencyclopedia”ofChengdu,SandovalcoveredeverycornerofChengduandrecordedChengdueseandtheirliveswithhiscamera,listeningtothesoundofmahjongbeingplayedandmusicfromtraditionalstringedinstruments.Healsogoesfromplacetoplacewithhisheavytravelkit.Thevariouscultureandvast,beautifullandhaskepthiminChinamuchlongerthanhehadplannedinthebeginning.HeremembersawiderangeofadventureslikeexploringalocalvineyardandlocalwineinYinchuanCity,aridingperformancebyaMongolianethnicgroupintheShuidonggouHorseRidingShow,andthenthetotallydifferentexperienceofvisitingtheHainanFreeTradePortinthesouth.Hethinkshehasdonealotin“thisbeautifulandvastcountry”withhis“travelphotos”.“ItrytoshowpeoplethebeautyofwhereIgo.Itrytoinspirethemtotravelandgotoplaces.I’mhopingtodomoreinternationalwork,”hesaid.4.WhydidSandovalcometoChinain2008?A.HewasattractedbyChina’snaturalscenery.B.HewasnotgoodatstudioworkintheU.S.C.Hewantedtoseekforsomethingdifferent.D.Hehadapreferenceforinternationalwork.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“laid-back”inParagraph3referto?A.Simple. B.Fast-paced. C.Healthy. D.Leisurely.6.Sandoval’sexperiencesaroundChinaarementionedinParagraph4toshow________.A.hisdiversehobbies B.hisfascinationforChinesecultureC.hissuperbphototechnique D.hisdesirefornewcareers7.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthispassage?A.TopraiseSandovalforhisstudioworkintheU.S.B.TofacilitatethedevelopmentoftourisminChengdu.C.TointroducetheexperienceofaforeignphotographerinChina.D.Tocallonreaderstotakeupphotographyasahobby.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了外国摄影师桑多瓦尔在中国的经历与感悟。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中““In2008,tiredofmystudioworkintheU.S.,IcametoChina,withthehopeoftryingsomethingdifferentformyself.”hesaid.(他说：“2008年，我厌倦了在美国的工作室工作，于是来到中国，想给自己找点不一样的体验。”)”可知，桑多瓦尔2008年来中国是因为他想寻求一些不同的东西。故选C。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Tohim,Chengduisthecapitalofalaid-backlifestyle.Hewasdelightedtoseethatresidents,dressedstylishlyorcomfortably,strolledinthestreets“asslowlyassnails”.(在他眼中，成都是一座laid-back生活的代表之城。他很喜欢看到当地人穿着时髦或休闲的衣服，在街上慢悠悠散步，步伐慢得像蜗牛。)”可知，当地人穿着时髦或休闲的衣服，在街上慢悠悠散步。由此可知，桑多瓦尔认为成都的生活方式的悠闲的，laid-back意为“悠闲的”，与leisurely同义。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Healsogoesfromplacetoplacewithhisheavytravelkit.Thevariouscultureandvast,beautifullandhaskepthiminChinamuchlongerthanhehadplannedinthebeginning.HeremembersawiderangeofadventureslikeexploringalocalvineyardandlocalwineinYinchuanCity,aridingperformancebyaMongolianethnicgroupintheShuidonggouHorseRidingShow,andthenthetotallydifferentexperienceofvisitingtheHainanFreeTradePortinthesouth.(他常常背着沉重的摄影行囊四处奔走。丰富多彩的文化、辽阔秀美的大地，让他在中国停留的时间远远超出了最初的计划。他经历过许许多多精彩见闻：探访银川本地酒庄、品尝当地美酒，观看水洞沟马术表演里的蒙古族马术演出，还有去到南方海南自贸港时那种截然不同的独特体验。)”可知，第四段提到桑多瓦尔在中国的经历是为了展示他对中国文化的着迷。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Sandoval,whocomesfromLosAngeles,hastraveledandfilmedinover50countriesacrosssevencontinentsandnowlivesinChina.“In2008,tiredofmystudioworkintheU.S.,IcametoChina,withthehopeoftryingsomethingdifferentformyself.”hesaid.(桑多瓦尔来自洛杉矶，足迹遍布七大洲五十多个国家，一路旅行拍摄，如今定居中国。他说：“2008年，我厌倦了在美国的工作室工作，于是来到中国，想给自己找点不一样的体验。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了外国摄影师桑多瓦尔在中国的经历与感悟。由此推测本文的写作目的是介绍一位外国摄影师在中国的经历。故选C。CYouhavetwobasictypesofmemory:short-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.Thingsyouseeorhearfirstenteryourshort-termmemory.Verylittleofthisinformationpassesonintoyourlong-termmemory.Doesthismeanyouhaveabadmemory?Notatall.Yourshort-termmemoryhasacertainjob.Itsjobistostoreinformationforafewsecondsonly.Yourshort-termmemoryisatworkwhenyoulookupaphonenumber,callthenumber,andthenforgetit.Yourememberedthenumberjustlongenoughtouseit.Thenitdisappearedfromyourmemory.That’sreallyagoodthing.Imagineifyourmemoryheldeverynumber,everyface,andeverywordyoueverknew!However,someinformationisimportanttorememberforalongertime.Thenitmustpassfromshort-termtolong-termmemory.Sometimeswetellourselvestoremembersomething.Wemightalsopracticeit:“OK,don’tforget:555-1212,555-1212.”Usually,wedon’teventhinkaboutit.Ourbrainmakesthedecisionforus.Itdecidestostoretheinformationorletitgo.Thebrainseemstomakethedecisionbyaskingtwoquestions:Doestheinformationaffectouremotions?Thatis,doesitmakeushappy,sad,excited,orupset?Doestheinformationconcernsomethingwealreadyknow,soourbraincanstoreitwithsomethingalreadythere?Ananswerof“Yes”meansthatthenewinformationenterslong-termmemory.Thatmeansthebraincreatesnewconnectionsamongbraincells.Informationdisappearswhenconnectionsamongbraincellsbecomeweak.Theygetweakiftimepassesandtheconnectionsarenotused.That’swhyitisgoodtoreadyourlecturenotessoonaftertheclass.Tokeepthememoryofsomethingstrong,thinkofitoften.Forexample,lookatthoselecturenotesthenextday.Lookatthemthedayafterthat,too.Everytimeyouthinkaboutsomething,theconnectionsinthebraingetstronger.Thenitiseasiertoremembertheinformationwhenyouneedit.8.Whenisyourshort-termmemoryatwork?A.Youlookupanimportantphonenumberandrepeatitagainandagain.B.YoureadEnglishwordseverymorning.C.Whatyou’velearnedisreviewedafterclass.D.Theimpressionofastrangersoondisappearsafteryoumeetwithhim/her.9.Whatinformationenterslong-termmemoryaccordingtothepassage?A.Informationconcerningsomethingunfamiliar.B.Informationaffectingouremotions.C.Informationcreatingbraincells.D.Informationreachingyoufirst.10.Howcanwekeepthelong-termmemoryoflecturenotesstrong?A.Byrememberingthemforalongtimeforonlyonce.B.Bylookingatthemaftermonths.C.Byreferringtothemregularly.D.Byputtingthemawayafterclass.11.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Apopularmagazine. B.Asciencefiction.C.Anewsstory. D.Abookreview.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类的两种记忆类型——短期记忆和长期记忆，阐释了二者的功能区别、信息转化为长期记忆的条件，以及巩固长期记忆的方法。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Yourshort-termmemoryisatworkwhenyoulookupaphonenumber,callthenumber,andthenforgetit.Yourememberedthenumberjustlongenoughtouseit.Thenitdisappearedfromyourmemory.(当你查阅一个电话号码、拨打这个号码然后就忘记它时，你的短期记忆就在起作用。你记住这个号码的时间刚好够使用它，之后它就从你的记忆中消失了。)”可知，短期记忆起作用的特点是信息短暂存储后快速遗忘，遇见陌生人后印象很快消失符合这一特征。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据五至七段“Doestheinformationaffectouremotions?Thatis,doesitmakeushappy,sad,excited,orupset?Doestheinformationconcernsomethingwealreadyknow,soourbraincanstoreitwithsomethingalreadythere?Ananswerof“Yes”meansthatthenewinformationenterslong-termmemory.Thatmeansthebraincreatesnewconnectionsamongbraincells.(这些信息会影响我们的情绪吗？也就是说，它会让我们快乐、悲伤、兴奋还是不安？这些信息是否与我们已经知道的东西有关，所以我们的大脑可以将它与已经存在的东西存储起来？回答“是”意味着新信息进入了长期记忆。这意味着大脑在脑细胞之间建立了新的连接)”可推知，影响我们情绪的信息会进入长期记忆。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Tokeepthememoryofsomethingstrong,thinkofitoften.Forexample,lookatthoselecturenotesthenextday.Lookatthemthedayafterthat,too.Everytimeyouthinkaboutsomething,theconnectionsinthebraingetstronger.(为了牢固记住某件事，要经常回想它。例如，第二天看课堂笔记，之后再看。每次你回想某事，大脑中的连接就会变得更强。)”可知，定期翻看课堂笔记可以巩固长期记忆。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。结合全文可知，本文用通俗易懂的语言讲解记忆相关的科学知识，内容贴近大众生活，语言浅显易懂，符合大众科普杂志的文体特征，并非科幻小说、新闻故事或书评。故选A。DArecentstudysuggeststhateatingcheese(奶酪)mighthaveagoodeffectonhealth,especiallywhenitcomestosleep.Thestudy,publishedintheSleepMedicinejournal,exploredthepossiblerelationshipbetweeneatingcheeseandareducedriskofsleepapnea,aconditionwherebreathingstopsandstartsduringsleep.Whilepastresearchhastalkedaboutthegeneralhealthadvantagesofcheese,thisstudyspecificallylookedatitspossibleconnectiontosleepapnea.Theresearchersnotedthatcheesecontainsimportantnutrients(营养物)likecalcium,protein,andvitamins,whichmaysupportmetabolicandhearthealth—twofactors(因素)relatedtosleepapnea.Toconductthestudy,theresearchersanalyzeddatafromtwolargehealthdatabases:theUKBiobankandtheFinnGen.Theystudiedhealthinformationfrom400,000peopleandfoundthatthosewhoatecheesehada28%lowerriskofdevelopingsleepapneacomparedtothosewhodidnoteatcheese.ThestudyusedamethodcalledMendelianrandomization,whichhelpsrecognizecause-and-effectrelationshipsbetweenriskfactorsandhealthresults.Italsoexaminedhoweatingcheesemightinfluence44differentbiomarkers(生物标志物),suchasbloodpressure.Theresultsshowedthateatingcheeseaffected23biomarkers,withsixofthemdirectlyconnectedtoalowerriskofsleepapnea.Whilethisconnectioniscertainlyexciting,KaelMerrick,aprofessorofCollegiateMental&PhysicalHealthSciences,warnedthatthestudyonlyshowsarelationship,notacause-and-effectrelationship,sowehavealongwaytogo.Dr.KevinShayani,whoisfromLenoxHillHospitalatNorthwellHealthinNewYorkCity,saidthatcheesemightreducesomebadfactorsconnectedtosleepapnea.However,headvisedagainsteatingplentyofcheese,assomecheesesarehigherinfatthanothers.Someexpertssaythatpeoplewithsleepapneamayfeeltiredwhentheywakeupafterafullnight’ssleep.Treatmentmayincludelifestylechanges,medicine,orevenoperations,dependingonhowserioustheproblemis.Alwaysaskadoctorforadviceifyouhaveworries.12.Whatdidthenewstudyaimtoexplore?A.Theconnectionbetweeneatingcheeseandareducedriskofsleepapnea.B.Clearadvantagesofgettingadeepsleep.C.Differentfactorsaffectingthegeneralhealth.D.Therisingrisksofheartproblemsamongtheelderly.13.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodoinparagraph4?A.Introduceresultsofotherfindings. B.Pointoutnewresearchdirections.C.Provideextrainformationconnectedtothestudy. D.Presentapracticalsolution.14.WhatdoesKaelMerrickthinkofthestudy?A.Itremainstobecontinued. B.Itisunexpected.C.Itmakesnosense. D.Itiswell-designed.15.WhatdoesDr.KevinShayanisuggestpeopledo?A.Gotothedoctor’soften. B.Eatcheesereasonably.C.Getenoughsleep. D.Keepabalancedlifestyle.【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新研究表明吃奶酪可能对健康有益，尤其是对睡眠呼吸暂停风险的降低有积极作用，但还需进一步研究。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thestudy,publishedintheSleepMedicinejournal,exploredthepossiblerelationshipbetweeneatingcheeseandareducedriskofsleepapnea,aconditionwherebreathingstopsandstartsduringsleep.(这项发表在《睡眠医学》杂志上的研究，探讨了吃奶酪与降低睡眠呼吸暂停(一种睡眠期间呼吸停止和开始的病症)风险之间的可能关系。)”可知，新研究旨在探讨吃奶酪与降低睡眠呼吸暂停风险之间的联系。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“ThestudyusedamethodcalledMendelianrandomization,whichhelpsrecognizecause-and-effectrelationshipsbetweenriskfactorsandhealthresults.Italsoexaminedhoweatingcheesemightinfluence44differentbiomarkers(生物标志物),suchasbloodpressure.Theresultsshowedthateatingcheeseaffected23biomarkers,withsixofthemdirectlyconnectedtoalowerriskofsleepapnea.(该研究使用了一种称为孟德尔随机化的方法，这种方法有助于识别风险因素与健康结果之间的因果关系。它还研究了吃奶酪如何影响44种不同的生物标志物，如血压。结果显示，吃奶酪影响了23种生物标志物，其中6种与降低睡眠呼吸暂停风险直接相关。)”可知，作者在第四段想提供与该研究相关的额外信息。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Whilethisconnectioniscertainlyexciting,KaelMerrick,aprofessorofCollegiateMental&PhysicalHealthSciences,warnedthatthestudyonlyshowsarelationship,notacause-and-effectrelationship,sowehavealongwaytogo.(虽然这种联系确实令人兴奋，但大学身心健康科学教授KaelMerrick警告说，这项研究只显示了一种关系，而不是因果关系，所以我们还有很长的路要走。)”可知，KaelMerrick认为这项研究还有待继续。故选A项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dr.KevinShayani,whoisfromLenoxHillHospitalatNorthwellHealthinNewYorkCity,saidthatcheesemightreducesomebadfactorsconnectedtosleepapnea.However,headvisedagainsteatingplentyofcheese,assomecheesesarehigherinfatthanothers.(来自纽约市NorthwellHealth旗下LenoxHill医院的KevinShayani博士说，奶酪可能会减少一些与睡眠呼吸暂停相关的有害因素。然而，他建议不要吃太多奶酪，因为有些奶酪的脂肪含量比其他奶酪高。)”可知，Dr.KevinShayani建议人们合理吃奶酪。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Self-careincludesintentionalactionstosupportyourwell-being.Itincludesactivitiesdesignedtocareforyourphysical,mental,andemotionalhealth.____16____PhysicalSelf-CareWeneedtotakecareofourbodiesifwewantthemtorunbetter.Rememberthatthere’sastrongconnectionbetweenourbodyandourmind.____17____Physicalself-careincludesfuelingyourbody,gettingenoughsleep,doingenoughphysicalactivity,andcaringforyourphysicalneeds.SocialSelf-CareSocializationiskeytoself-care.____18____Wesometimesignoreourrelationshipswhenlifegetsbusy.Closeconnectionsareimportanttoyourwell-being.Thebestwaytokeepcloserelationshipsistoputtimeandenergyintobuildingourrelationshipswithothers.MentalSelf-CareMentalself-careincludesactivitiesthatkeepyourmindsharp,likepuzzlesorlearningaboutasubjectthatattractsyou.____19____Mentalself-carealsoincludesdoingthingsthathelpyoustaymentallyhealthy.Practicingself-acceptance,forexample,helpsyoumaintainhealthiermentalcondition.EmotionalSelf-CareIt’simportanttohavepracticalskillstodealwithuncomfortableemotions,likeanger,anxiety,andsadness.Emotionalself-caremayincludeactivitiesthathelpusidentifyandexpressourfeelingsregularlyandsafely.____20____Whatworksforyoumightnotbeaseffectiveorhelpfulforsomeoneelse.Thebestwaytosupportyourselfistofindthingsthathelpreduceyourstress,bringyoujoy,andsupportyourphysicalandsocialwell-being.A.Understandingself-carecanhelpyoucreateabalancedwaytocareforyourself.B.Remember,self-careisn’tone-size-fits-all.C.But,often,it’shardtomaketimeforfriends.D.Itmeanstakingthetimetodowhatweenjoy.E.Withoutself-care,ourphysicalhealthwillsufferalot.F.Whenwecareforourbodies,we’llthinkandfeelbetter,too.G.Readingbooksorwatchinginspiringmoviesmightalsorefreshyourmind.【答案】16.A17.F18.C19.G20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自我关怀的定义，并从身体、社交、心理、情绪四个方面具体阐释了自我关怀的内容，同时指出自我关怀方式因人而异，每个人都应找到适合自己的方式。【16题详析】上文“Self-careincludesintentionalactionstosupportyourwell-being.Itincludesactivitiesdesignedtocareforyourphysical,mental,andemotionalhealth.(自我关怀包括有意识地维护自身幸福的行为，涵盖照顾身体、心理与情绪健康的各类活动。)”介绍了自我关怀的内涵。选项A“理解自我关怀有助于你建立平衡的自我照顾方式。”承接上文对自我关怀的定义，总起下文分维度介绍的内容。故选A。【17题详析】上文“Rememberthatthere’sastrongconnectionbetweenourbodyandourmind.(要记住我们的身体和心理之间有着紧密的联系。)”强调身心相连。选项F“当我们照顾好自己的身体时，我们的思维和感受也会变得更好。”具体解释身心之间的相互影响，与上文衔接紧密。故选F。【18题详析】上文“Socializationiskeytoself-care.(社交是自我关怀的关键。)”指出社交的重要性。下文“Wesometimesignoreourrelationshipswhenlifegetsbusy.(生活忙碌时，我们有时会忽视人际关系。)”说明人们在忙碌时难以顾及社交。选项C“但是，我们往往很难抽出时间和朋友相处。”承上启下，体现出现实中社交的困难。故选C。【19题详析】上文“Mentalself-careincludesactivitiesthatkeepyourmindsharp,likepuzzlesorlearningaboutasubjectthatattractsyou.(心理自我关怀包括让思维保持敏锐的活动，比如解谜或学习感兴趣的学科。)”列举了养护心理的活动。选项G“读书或观看鼓舞人心的电影也能让你的精神得到放松。”继续补充同类活动，与上文句式和内容一致。故选G。【20题详析】下文“Whatworksforyoumightnotbeaseffectiveorhelpfulforsomeoneelse.(适合你的方式对别人未必同样有效。)”说明自我关怀的方式因人而异。选项B“记住，自我关怀并非一刀切。”总领本段，引出下文观点。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asafemalejockey(骑手),IhadalreadyachievedmydreamofwinningtheMelbourneCupandanewworldwasjustopeninguptomebeforeIhadabadfall,anditwastheworst____21____Ihadeverhad.IhadtocompletelyrestforsixweeksbeforeIfinallycamebacktotraining,whichwasbynomeanseasy.Withthe____22____thatIhadtoputintoit,IwasquestioningwhetherIwantedtodoitagain.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwasactuallythinkingaboutquitting.ButthenitoccurredtomethatIdidn’thavealotlongerleftdoingwhatIlove;plus,Iwasn’treadytoretireyetandIknewI’d____23____itinlateryearsifIdidquit.Thatthought____24____metocomebackandbethatresilient(有韧性的)girlonceagain.Ithinkmyresiliencecomesfrommyfamily,having____25____mymumwhenIwasababyandseeingmydad’sfaithand____26____—itwasnevertoohardforhim.Thatwaslifeandhehadtogetonwithit—therewasnoother____27____.Hehad10childrenandhewasasinglefather.Wehadtoworkhardfromayoungage,soatthetime,wefeltwewerealittleharddoneby,buttheolderIgotthemoreIbeganto____28____theworkethichetaughtus.MyoldersisterTinawas15whenmymumpassedawayandshebasically____29____thatrole.Irememberwatchingherandwondering____30____shejustgotthingsdone.Itwassimple.Ifithadtobedone,ithadtobedone.Whenthingsget____31____,IthinkbacktothosedaysandI’msurethathelpsme.Beingafemalejockeyisnevereasy.Yougetsomanypeopleputtingyoudown.Youhearmalejockeysandtrainerssayyou’renotgoodevenwhenyou’ve____32____yourselvessomanytimes.Itrytoturnthosecommentsintoapositive,awayofpushingmetobe____33____—trainharder,tryharder—toreallyprovethemwrong.I’mahugebelieverinthepowerofpositivity.Itcanturnyourlife____34____.I’malsoabigbelieverinperseverance.That’sthe____35____betweenpeoplewhoreallysucceedandpeoplewhodon’t.21.A.practice B.injury C.performance D.harm22.A.effort B.passion C.effect D.training23.A.enjoy B.continue C.regret D.forget24.A.expected B.taught C.pushed D.persuaded25.A.troubled B.annoyed C.left D.lost26.A.strength B.hope C.talent D.experience27.A.lesson B.reason C.chance D.choice28.A.improve B.refuse C.doubt D.appreciate29.A.turneddown B.pickedout C.tookon D.gaveup30.A.whether B.how C.when D.why31.A.pleasant B.ordinary C.exciting D.tough32.A.helped B.proved C.believed D.changed33.A.wiser B.better C.happier D.healthier34.A.around B.on C.up D.over35.A.agreement B.connection C.difference D.approach【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.A27.D28.D29.C30.B31.D32.B33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女骑手经历严重摔伤后差点放弃，受家人影响重拾韧性，克服困难并坚持热爱的骑手事业的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名女骑手，我已经实现了赢得墨尔本杯的梦想，一个全新的世界正为我打开，可我却遭遇了一次严重的摔倒，这是我经历过最严重的伤病。A.practice练习；B.injury伤病；C.Performance表现；D.harm伤害。根据前文“hadabadfall”可知，此处指摔倒带来的伤病。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我必须为之付出的努力，我开始质疑自己是否还想再做下去。A.effort努力；B.passion热情；C.effect影响；D.training训练。根据前文“itwasbynomeanseasy”可知，恢复训练需要付出很多努力。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且，我还没准备好退休，我知道如果我现在放弃，晚年一定会后悔。A.enjoy享受；B.continue继续；C.regret后悔；D.forget忘记。结合前文“wasn’treadytoretireyet”可知，“我”对骑手事业仍有热爱，放弃会留下遗憾，晚年定会后悔。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个想法促使我重新回来，再次成为那个有韧性的女孩。A.expected期待；B.taught教；C.pushed推动，促使；D.persuaded说服。根据前文“didn’thavealotlongerleftdoingwhatIlove”和“wasn’treadytoretire”可知，不想放弃热爱的想法推动着“我”重新出发，符合语境。故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为我的韧性来自我的家庭——我小时候就失去了妈妈，见证了爸爸的信念和力量——对他来说，没有什么是太难的。A.troubled麻烦；B.annoyed使恼怒；C.left离开；D.lost失去。根据后文“whenmymumpassedaway”可知，此处指小时候失去了妈妈。故选D。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为我的韧性来自我的家庭——我小时候就失去了妈妈，见证了爸爸的信念和力量——对他来说，没有什么是太难的。A.strength力量；B.hope希望；C.talent天赋；D.experience经验。根据后文“itwasnevertoohardforhim”可知，爸爸独自抚养10个孩子，展现出了强大的力量。故选A。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是生活，他必须继续下去——没有其他选择。A.lesson教训；B.reason理由；C.chance机会；D.choice选择。结合前文“Hehad10childrenandhewasasinglefather.”可知，爸爸是单身父亲，要抚养10个孩子，他没有其他选择，只能努力生活、坚持下去。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们从小就必须努力工作，所以那时，我们觉得自己有点受委屈，但随着年龄的增长，我越来越感激他教给我们的职业道德。A.improve提高；B.refuse拒绝；C.doubt怀疑；D.appreciate感激。根据前文“wefeltwewerealittleharddoneby”和转折词but可知，长大后“我”理解了爸爸的不易，感激他教给我们的品质。故选D。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我妈妈去世时，我的姐姐蒂娜15岁，她基本上承担了妈妈的角色。A.turneddown拒绝；B.pickedout选；C.tookon承担，担当；D.gaveup放弃。结合前文妈妈去世，爸爸独自抚养孩子，15岁的姐姐应该是承担起了妈妈的责任，照顾家人。故选C。【30题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我记得看着她，想知道她是怎么把事情都做好的。A.whether是否；B.how如何，怎样；C.when何时；D.why为什么。根据后文“Itwassimple.Ifithadtobedone,ithadtobedone.”可知，“我”好奇姐姐是如何把事情做好的，强调方式。故选B。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当事情变得艰难时，我就会回想起那些日子，我相信这会帮助我。A.pleasant愉快的；B.ordinary普通的；C.exciting令人兴奋的；D.tough艰难的。结合前文“beingafemalejockeyisnevereasy”可知，此处指遇到困难、事情艰难时，回想过去的经历给自己力量。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会听到男骑手和教练说你不够好，即使你已经多次证明了自己。A.helped帮助；B.proved证明；C.believed相信；D.changed改变。根据前文“you’renotgood”和even（即使）表转折可知，此处指“我们”已经多次证明过自己的能力，却依然被否定。故选B。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我努力把这些评论转化为积极的力量，一种推动我变得更好的方式——更努力地训练，更努力地尝试——去真正证明他们是错的。A.wiser更明智的；B.better更好的；C.happier更快乐的；D.healthier更健康的。根据后文“trainharder,tryharder”可知，“我”想通过努力变得更好，证明自己。故选B。【34题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：它能改变你的生活。A.around围绕；B.on在……上面；C.up向上；D.over超过。根据前文“I’mahugebelieverinthepowerofpositivity.

”可知，此处指积极的心态能改变生活，turnaround为固定搭配，意为“使好转，改变局面”。故选A。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是真正成功的人和不成功的人之间的区别。A.agreement同意；B.connection联系；C.difference区别，差异；D.approach方法。根据前文“I’malsoabigbelieverinperseverance.”可知，坚持不懈是成功与不成功的人之间的关键区别。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。XuXiakewasknowninChinaasagreatexplorer,geographerandtravelwriter.Born____36____1587,helovedreadingbooksaboutgeographyandnature,andwishedtoseethenaturalwondersofthecountry.Xustartedtotravelatageof22.Aswellasexploringfamousmountainsandrivers,hewenttoplaces____37____hadneverbeenvisitedbefore.Hisfirstjourneyslastedonlyafew____38____(month),sothathecouldreturnhomeregularly.Butby1639,abouttwoyearsbeforehis____39____(die),Xuhadbeentravellingforyearsatatime,coveringalmosthalfofmodernChina.Xutravelledonfootandshowedgreatcourageduringhisjourneys.Despitedifficulties,hiscuriosityaboutthenaturalworldkepthimgoing.Xuwro