山东省新泰市某中学2025-2026学年高二下学期阶段性考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省新泰市某中学2025-2026学年高二下学期阶段性考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASharedMobility:MakingTravelEasierforAllSharedmobilityservices,suchascarsharesandbikeshares,havepositiveeffectsontheenvironment.However,accesstotheseservicesisnotequalforeveryone.Researchshowsthatsharedmobilityservicesaremorecommonlyavailableinwealthierurbanareas.Mostuserstendtobeyounger,wealthier,andphysicallyable.Tobuildasustainabletransportationsystem,itisessentialtomaketheseservicesinclusiveforallpeople.Somecitieshaveintroducedprogramstosupportlow-incomeresidents.Theseprogramshelpincreasetheuseofsharedvehiclesandreducedependenceonpersonalcars.Recently,about70%ofmicromobilityprogramsintheUShavetakenmeasurestobetterservedisadvantagedgroups,suchasacceptingcashpaymentsandofferingnon-smartphonebookingoptions.Still,manybarriersremain.Surveysindicatethatpeopleinruralareasandthosewithlowerincomesencountermoreobstacleswhentryingtousebikeshares.Cost,lackoffamiliarity,andlimitedavailabilityarecommonproblems,asillustratedintheFigure.Non-profitorganizationsarealsoplayinganimportantrole.Forexample,SharedMobilityInc.,aBuffalo-basedNGO,providesfreee-bikestounderservedcommunitiesandorganizestrainingsessionstopromotecyclingcultureandsafety.MobitwininBelgiumsupportselderlypeopleandthosewithlimitedmobilitybyprovidingaffordableridesbookedviatelephone.Similarly,TimCarsharinginAustriaoffersvehiclessuitableforwheelchairsandprovideschildseatsuponrequest.Inconclusion,understandingdifferentneedsandmakingservicesmoreadaptablearekeystepstowardfairandsustainableurbantransportation.1.Whatisthepurposeofmakingsharedmobilityservicesinclusiveforall?A.Topromotecashpayments.B.Tolowertransportationcosts.C.Tomaketransportationsustainable.D.Toreducerelianceonprivatecars.2.Whichisthemajorobstaclepreventinglow-incomeurbanpeoplefromusingbikeshares?A.Safetyconcerns. B.Highcost.C.Lackoffamiliarity. D.Limitedavailability.3.WhichmeasureistakenbyTimCarsharinginAustria?A.Providingfreee-bikes. B.Bookingridesbysmartphone.C.Organizingtrainingsessions. D.Offeringwheelchair-friendlyvehicles.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍共享出行服务现状，分析使用障碍及为实现可持续交通采取的包容性措施。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sharedmobilityservices,suchascarsharesandbikeshares,havepositiveeffectsontheenvironment.However,accesstotheseservicesisnotequalforeveryone.Researchshowsthatsharedmobilityservicesaremorecommonlyavailableinwealthierurbanareas.Mostuserstendtobeyounger,wealthier,andphysicallyable.Tobuildasustainabletransportationsystem,itisessentialtomaketheseservicesinclusiveforallpeople.(共享出行服务，如汽车共享和自行车共享，对环境有积极影响。然而，并非每个人都能平等地获得这些服务。研究表明，共享出行服务在较富裕的城市地区更为普遍。大多数用户往往更年轻、更富有、身体更强健。为了建设可持续的交通系统，必须使这些服务对所有人都具有包容性)”可知，让共享出行服务具有包容性的目的是实现交通可持续发展。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文中“Surveysindicatethatpeopleinruralareasandthosewithlowerincomesencountermoreobstacleswhentryingtousebikeshares.Cost,lackoffamiliarity,andlimitedavailabilityarecommonproblems(调查显示，农村地区和低收入人群在使用共享单车时遇到更多障碍。成本、缺乏熟悉度和供应有限是常见问题)”及图表中对应Lowerincome(urban)的BARRIER2：Highcostofthebikesharesystem对应的是40%，占比最高，所以高成本是阻碍低收入城市人群使用共享单车的主要障碍。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Similarly,TimCarsharinginAustriaoffersvehiclessuitableforwheelchairsandprovideschildseatsuponrequest.(相似地，奥地利的TimCarsharing提供适合轮椅的车辆，并根据要求提供儿童座椅)”可知，奥地利的TimCarsharing采取的措施是提供适合轮椅的车辆。故选D。BAugustLamm,awriter,artistandformerartinfluencer,hasn’townedasmartphonesince2022.Herjourneytogiveupthesmartphonebeganshortlyaftergraduatingfromcollege,whenshestartedpostingpicturesofherartonlineandgothundredsofthousandsoffollowers.“EverythingthatIsharedonline—allthesepicturesandwordsaboutmylovelife,myvacationsormyhouse—wasfeedingintomybusiness,helpingtogeneratesales,”Lammsaid.Finally,shesaid,thepressuretokeepthatupbecametoomuch,andshereachedabreakingpoint.Atfirst,Lammtriedtoputherphoneinadrawerandavoidusingitforawholeday,which,shesaid,madelifeinconvenientforeveryonearoundher.Ittookheraboutayeartoquithersmartphoneandfullydevoteherselftothedumbphonelifestyle,whichoffersonlybasiccallingandtexting.Still,therearecertainthingsthatmayfeelimpossibletodealwithwithoutsmartphones,sincetheyaremorethanjusttextingandsurfingsocialmedia.In2025,thesesmartphonesfunctionasvirtualwallets,healthtrackers,identificationtools,andevenpersonalassistants.However,Lammhasfoundsolutionstothechallenges.“Youworkouttheseproblemsbyasking,”Lammsaid,“likeaskingtheparkingcompanyiftheycanofferyouanalternativewhenyoucan’tuseparkingmeter(停车收费表),andalotofthetimetheywill.”Whenitcomestohercareer,Lammsayssheearnsmoremoneynowthansheeverdidasaninfluenceronline.That’sbecausenowsheonlydoestheactualwork,ratherthanspendinghoursandhourscraftingposts.“WhenIstoppedposting,Ifoundoutincomesourcesthatexistedbeforesocialmedia:agencies,magazines,galleries,publishers,”shesaid.“IfIhadn’tspentthousandsofhourstryingtobuildahugefollowing,Icouldhavespentthattimegoingtogalleries,takingclasses,meetingpeople,makingconnections,organizingevents,takingpartinexhibitionsandotherwisemakinganameformyselfintherealworld.IcouldhaveimprovedmorequicklyifIhadnotplacedonlinepopularityabovecreativedevelopment.”4.WhatmadeAugustLammdecidetogiveupthesmartphone?A.Heraddictiontothesmartphone.B.Thestressfromsocialnetworking.C.Herpressurefromthebusycollegelife.D.Herconcernoverthedownsidesoftechnology.5.Whydoestheauthormentionthesituationsin2025inparagraph3?A.Toexplainwhysmartphonesaredevelopingveryfast.B.Toadvisepeopletodependlessonmoderntechnology.C.Toshowthewideuseofvirtualwalletsandhealthtrackers.D.Tostresstheimportantrolessmartphonesplayindailylife.6.HowcanwebestdescribeAugustLammaccordingtothetext?A.Confidentanddemanding.B.Creativeandambitious.C.Determinedandadaptable.D.Generousandefficient.7.WhatmessagedoesAugustLammwanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Socialmediadomoreharmthangood.B.Dumbphonesaremakingacomeback.C.Usesmartphonesonlywhennecessary.D.Onecanbelessdependentonsocialmedia.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作家兼艺术家奥古丝特·拉姆（AugustLamm）放弃智能手机的缘由、过程及放弃后事业更成功的经历。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句““EverythingthatIsharedonline—allthesepicturesandwordsaboutmylovelife,myvacationsormyhouse—wasfeedingintomybusiness,helpingtogeneratesales,”Lammsaid.Finally,shesaid,thepressuretokeepthatupbecametoomuch,andshereachedabreakingpoint.(拉姆说：“我在网上分享的所有东西——所有这些关于我的感情生活、假期或房子的照片和文字——都在为我的生意服务，帮助带来销售额。”她说，最后，维持下去的压力变得太大，她到了崩溃的边缘。)”可知，拉姆因社交媒体分享带来的持续压力，最终决定放弃智能手机。故选B项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“Still,therearecertainthingsthatmayfeelimpossibletodealwithwithoutsmartphones,sincetheyaremorethanjusttextingandsurfingsocialmedia.In2025,thesesmartphonesfunctionasvirtualwallets,healthtrackers,identificationtools,andevenpersonalassistants.(尽管如此，有些事情如果没有智能手机可能会觉得无法处理，因为它们的功能远不止发短信和刷社交媒体。到2025年，这些智能手机充当着虚拟钱包、健康追踪器、身份证明工具，甚至是个人助理。)”可知，作者提及2025年智能手机的多种功能，是为了说明人们的日常生活与智能手机联系紧密。这也服务于后文凸显拉姆放弃智能手机的不易。故选D项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Ittookheraboutayeartoquithersmartphoneandfullydevoteherselftothedumbphonelifestyle,whichoffersonlybasiccallingandtexting.(她花了大约一年时间来放弃智能手机，完全投入到只提供基本的通话和短信服务功能的非智能手机的生活方式中。)”和第三段第三句“However,Lammhasfoundsolutionstothechallenges.(不过，拉姆已经找到了应对这些挑战的办法。)”可知，拉姆花一年时间坚持放弃智能手机，且能解决无智能手机带来的难题，说明她有决心且适应能力强。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三至五句““WhenIstoppedposting,Ifoundoutincomesourcesthatexistedbeforesocialmedia:agencies,magazines,galleries,publishers,”shesaid.“IfIhadn’tspentthousandsofhourstryingtobuildahugefollowing,Icouldhavespentthattimegoingtogalleries,takingclasses,meetingpeople,makingconnections,organizingevents,takingpartinexhibitionsandotherwisemakinganameformyselfintherealworld.IcouldhaveimprovedmorequicklyifIhadnotplacedonlinepopularityabovecreativedevelopment.”(她说，“当我停止发帖时，我发现了在社交媒体出现之前就存在的收入来源：代理商、杂志、画廊、出版商。”“如果我没有花成千上万个小时试图积累大量粉丝，我可能会把这些时间花在去画廊、上课、结识人、建立联系、组织活动、参加展览，或者在现实世界中为自己树立名声上。如果我没有把网络人气置于创意开发之上，我本可以进步得更快。”)”可知，拉姆如果不把时间花在使用社交媒体上，她可以做成很多其它事情，她想表达的应是人们可以不那么依赖社交媒体，在现实中也能实现自身价值。故选D项。CYouforgettobringyourwaterbottletotheairport,soyoubuyaplasticoneandkeeprefillingit.Oryouordertakeoutfordinnerandsavetheblackplasticcontainertopackyourlunchthenextday.Reuseisoneofthecorerulesofsustainability(可持续性).Butshouldyoubereusingthesesingle-useplastics?Expertssayno.Single-useplasticsleach(滤出)chemicalsandshedmicroplastics(微塑料)intoyourenvironment.Thoughstudieshavenotdirectlycomparedsingle-useandreusableplastic,expertssaytheyaremoreworriedaboutsingle-useplasticsbecauseofhowthey’remade.Asingle-useplasticwaterbottleshedsmicroandnanoplasticsintoyourwaterwhenyourefillit,andatakeoutcontainerorfrozenmealtrayshedstheseparticlesintoyourfood.Chemicalexposureincreasesifplasticisheated,typicallyinamicrowave,adishwasherorevenbyplacinghotfoodinatakeoutcontainer.Whenheatisapplied,molecules(分子)movefaster,meaningitcouldbeeasierforsomeoftheseparticlestomakeitswayintoyourfood.Concernswithchemicalsandmicroplasticsprimarilyapplytofood,expertssaid,becauseyouareeatingthem.Reusingsingle-useplasticslikegrocerybagsisnotamajorconcern,theyadded.Themostimportantthingyoushoulddoisavoidheatingyourplastic,expertsagreed.“Aprettyhard-and-fastruleistonevermicrowaveplastic,”Encksaid.“Andthere’salsoasuggestionnottoputplasticintothedishwasherifit’sonahotcycle.”8.Whydoestheauthorlistexamplesinthefirstparagraph?A.Toanalysethereason. B.Toleadintothetopic.C.Toprovetheexperts’opinion. D.Tointroducethebackgroundinformation.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shed”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.giveout B.takein C.putout D.putoff10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingharmshumanhealthmost?A.Heatingfastfoodinaglassbowl.B.Fillingthegrocerybagwithmeat.C.Packingcolddrinkwithsingle-useplastics.D.Eatinghotsoupcontainedinasingle-useplasticbag.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.StopUsingSingle-usePlastics B.ReusingSingle-usePlasticsIsHarmfulC.HowtoCorrectlyUseSingle-usePlastics D.TheAstonishingFactofSingle-usePlastics【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文，文章主要指出不应重复使用一次性塑料，解释其会滤出化学物质和微塑料，并说明购物袋等非接触食品的一次性塑料重复使用无需过度担忧，同时给出避免加热塑料的建议。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Youforgettobringyourwaterbottletotheairport,soyoubuyaplasticoneandkeeprefillingit.Oryouordertakeoutfordinnerandsavetheblackplasticcontainertopackyourlunchthenextday.Reuseisoneofthecorerulesofsustainability(可持续性).Butshouldyoubereusingthesesingle-useplastics?Expertssayno.(你去机场时忘了带水杯，于是买了个塑料杯，之后一直用它接水。或者你点了外卖当晚餐，留着黑色塑料餐盒第二天装午饭。重复利用是可持续发展的核心原则之一，但这类一次性塑料真的能重复使用吗？专家给出的答案是否定的。)”可知，在第一段中，作者先列举“重复使用一次性塑料水瓶、外卖餐盒”的日常场景，再通过转折提出核心问题“这类一次性塑料能否重复使用”，最后引出专家的否定答案。其目的是通过常见例子吸引读者注意，自然引入“一次性塑料重复使用”的主题。故选B。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境“Single-useplasticsleach(滤出)chemicalsandshedmicroplastics(微塑料)intoyourenvironment.(一次性塑料会向周围环境中滤出化学物质，并……微塑料。)”以及下文“Asingle-useplasticwaterbottleshedsmicroandnanoplasticsintoyourwaterwhenyourefillit,andatakeoutcontainerorfrozenmealtrayshedstheseparticlesintoyourfood.(当你用一次性塑料水瓶反复接水时，它会向水中释放微塑料和纳米塑料；而外卖餐盒或冷冻食品托盘则会向食物中释放这些微粒。)”可知，“shed”与前文“leach”为并列关系，且下文明确说明一次性塑料水瓶会向水中释放微塑料和纳米塑料，由此可推断“shed”意为“释放、排出”。选项A“giveout”，意为“释放”，与此相符。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Chemicalexposureincreasesifplasticisheated,typicallyinamicrowave,adishwasherorevenbyplacinghotfoodinatakeoutcontainer.(如果塑料处于受热环境（通常是用微波炉加热、放入洗碗机清洗，甚至是往外卖餐盒里装热食），化学物质的释放量会增加。)”以及第三段“Concernswithchemicalsandmicroplasticsprimarilyapplytofood,expertssaid,becauseyouareeatingthem.(专家说，对化学物质和微塑料的担忧主要适用于食物，因为你正在吃它们。)”可知，一次性塑料接触食品受热后会加速塑料释放化学物质和微塑料，这些有害物质会随食物被人体摄入，危害健康。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Reuseisoneofthecorerulesofsustainability(可持续性).Butshouldyoubereusingthesesingle-useplastics?Expertssayno.(重复利用是可持续发展的核心原则之一，但这类一次性塑料真的能重复使用吗？专家给出的答案是否定的。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要围绕“一次性塑料能否重复使用”展开，先通过日常例子引出问题，再详细说明重复使用会释放化学物质和微塑料，最后补充非接触食品类一次性塑料的使用建议。选项B“ReusingSingle-usePlasticsIsHarmful(重复使用一次性塑料有害)”精准概括了全文内容，适合作标题。故选B。DAnewstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegosayslearningMandarinChinesecanhelpwithmusic.InapaperinDevelopmentalScience,researchersfoundthatpreschoolerswhospeakMandarinfirstarebetteratmusicalpitch(音高)thanthosewhospeakEnglish.Theresultsarenotjustaboutfindingwhomightbegoodatmusicearly.Thestudyshowsthatwhenthebrainlearnsskillsinonearea,itcanaffectlearninginanother.SarahCreel,theleadauthorfromUCSanDiego’sDepartmentofCognitiveScience(认知科学系),said,“Abigquestioniswhetherourmentalabilitiesareseparate.Forexample,dowehavespecialbrainsystemsonlyforlanguage?Ourresearchsuggeststheopposite—there’sakindofinteractionandwecanusecognitiveabilitiesindifferentareas.”TheresearchersdidtwoexperimentswithyoungMandarinlearnersandEnglishlearners.Theytested180childrenontasksaboutpitchpatternsandtimbre(音色).Inthetimbretask,Mandarin-speakersandEnglish-speakersdidsimilarly.Butinthepitchtask,Mandarin-speakersoutperformEnglish-speakers.Mandarinisatonelanguage.TheauthorsthinkthatpayingattentiontotoneshelpsyoungMandarinspeakersnoticepitchinmusicbetter.GailHeyman,aco-authorfromUCSanDiego’sDepartmentofPsychology,said,“Thisshowsthatthelanguageyouspeakaffectshowyouunderstandmusic.Itsupportstheideaofcross-domain(跨领域)learning.”Thestudy’sco-authorswrote,“Weshowforthefirsttimethatlearningatonelanguageisconnectedwithbettermusicalpitchprocessinginyoungchildren.Thisisimportantforneuroscience(神经科学)andbehavior,andourresearchcanhelpdesignbraintrainingprograms.”ButHeymanandCreeladvise:Don’tstopyourchild’smusiclessonstofocusonlyonlanguage,orlanguagelessonsformusic.Tobegoodatmusic,youstillneedtostudymusic.Andlearninganotherlanguageisgoodinitself,whetheritmakesyouabettermusicianornot.12.Whatisthemainfindingofthenewstudy?A.Listeningtomusicearlyisalwaysgood.B.MandarinisbetterthanEnglishinallways.C.Preschoolershavetotallydifferentmentalskills.D.LearningMandarinhelpspeopleunderstandmusic.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outperform”inparagraph3mean?A.Dobetterthan. B.Doworsethan.C.Actdifferentlyfrom. D.Reactsimilarlyto.14.Whatcanthestudy’sfindingshelpdo?A.Makemoreexactlanguagetests. B.Createbettercognitivetrainingplans.C.Findoutkids’musicalabilityveryearly. D.Makemusicteachingmoreinteresting.15.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Topointoutthestudy’sproblems. B.Tosuggesttopicsforfutureresearch.C.Topreventoverinterpretingtheresults. D.Totellpeopletovalueearlyeducation.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。加州大学圣地亚哥分校研究发现，学龄前普通话使用者的音乐音高感知优于英语使用者，因普通话声调学习助力音高识别，证实跨领域认知关联，且研究可辅助设计大脑训练项目。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegosayslearningMandarinChinesecanhelpwithmusic.(加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的一项新研究表明，学习汉语普通话对音乐能力有益)”可知，这项新研究的主要发现是学习普通话有助于人们更好地理解音乐。故选D。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Inthetimbretask,Mandarin-speakersandEnglish-speakersdidsimilarly.(在音色测试中，说普通话的人和说英语的人表现得大致相同)”可知，在音色任务中，说普通话和英语的儿童表现相似，但在音高任务中，说普通话的儿童outperform说英语的儿童，通过“but”的转折逻辑可推断，outperform意为“表现优于”。故划线词意思是“表现优于”。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thestudy’sco-authorswrote,“Weshowforthefirsttimethatlearningatonelanguageisconnectedwithbettermusicalpitchprocessinginyoungchildren.Thisisimportantforneuroscience(神经科学)andbehavior,andourresearchcanhelpdesignbraintrainingprograms.”(该研究的合著者写道：“我们首次证明，学习一种声调语言与幼儿对音乐音高的处理能力的提高有关。这在神经科学和行为学领域都具有重要意义，而我们的研究有助于设计大脑训练方案。”)”可知，该研究的成果有助于制定更有效的认知训练计划。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ButHeymanandCreeladvise:Don’tstopyourchild’smusiclessonstofocusonlyonlanguage,orlanguagelessonsformusic.Tobegoodatmusic,youstillneedtostudymusic.Andlearninganotherlanguageisgoodinitself,whetheritmakesyouabettermusicianornot.(但海曼和克里尔建议：不要因为只专注于语言学习而中断孩子的音乐课程，也不要只专注于音乐课程而忽略语言学习。要想精通音乐，你仍然需要学习音乐知识。而且学习另一种语言本身也是有益的，无论它是否能让你成为更出色的音乐家)”可推知，最后一段的目的是避免对结果进行过度解读。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youdon’thavetoquitsugar,goveganorrunamarathontoseerealchangeinyourhealthandwell-being.Instead,sciencesupportsa“gosmall”approach.____16____Tohelpyoumakethisshift,we’veroundedupthesimplest,mostscience-backedmicrohabitsthatcantransformyourphysical,emotionalandmentalhealth.Getadailydoseofnature.Spendingtimeoutside—whetherinapark,yourbackyardornearsomepottedplantsthatfeelwild—haspowerfulbenefits.Studiesshowthatbeinginnaturelowersstress,quietsoverthinkingandliftsyourmood.One2019studycalleditanaturepillandfoundthateven20to30minutesadayworkedwonders.____17____Eatwithchopsticksonsmallplates.____18____Tworesearch-provenwaystodothis:Grabsomechopsticksanddownsizeyourdishes.Chopsticksnaturallyslowyoureatingpace,allowingyoutotellwhenyou’refull.Shrinkingyourplatehelpsyouserve(andeat)lesswithoutnoticing.Bothtrickshelpyouslowdown,eatmoremindfullyandcutcalorieswithoutfeelingasifyou’retrying.Givesomeoneabighug.We’rewiredforconnection,andnothingsays“I’vegotyou”likeagood,longhug.Holdingsomeoneclosefor20secondsboostsoxytocin(thelovehormone)anddropscortisol(thestressone).____19____Bonusbenefitslikedeeperconnection,lowerbloodpressure,andwarm-and-fuzzyfeelingslastlongerthanyourgroupchathigh-fiveemoji.____20____Eachnight,writedownthreethingsyou’rethankfulfor.A2020meta-analysislinksthishabittomorehappiness,lessstress,andmilderdepression(seekotherhelpifneeded).Ithelpsyourbrainshiftfromfocusingonthenegativetorecognizingallthegoodthingshappeninginyourworld.Startnowbychoosingoneortwoofthesemicrohabitsthatresonatewithyou.A.Keepagratitudejournal.B.Prepareyourselfforgoodthings.C.It’sbasicallyanaturalmoodbalancer.D.Littleactions,doneregularly,arewhatcreatelastingchange.E.Changingyourdiningsetupcanmakeeatinglesssecondnature.F.Theyincludeincreasedjoy,accidentalmindfulnessandsmilingatsquirrels.G.Makingsmallchangestoenvironmentleadstosignificanthealthimprovements.【答案】16.D17.C18.E19.F20.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章提出无需大幅改变生活，“从小处着手”的微习惯可改善身心健康，推荐了每日接触自然、用筷小盘进食、拥抱他人、坚持感恩日记等简单且有科学依据的做法。【16题详析】根据上文“Youdon’thavetoquitsugar,goveganorrunamarathontoseerealchangeinyourhealthandwell-being.Instead,sciencesupportsa“gosmall”approach.(你无需完全戒掉糖分、成为纯素食者或者参加马拉松比赛，就能在健康和身心状况方面看到显著的改善。相反，科学研究表明，采取“从小处着手”的方法会更有效)”以及后文“Tohelpyoumakethisshift,we’veroundedupthesimplest,mostscience-backedmicrohabitsthatcantransformyourphysical,emotionalandmentalhealth(为了帮助您实现这一转变，我们精心挑选了最简单且基于科学原理的微习惯，这些微习惯能够改善您的身体、情绪和心理健康状况)”可知，前文提出“无需彻底改变（戒糖、素食等），科学支持‘从小处着手’的方法”，空格后引出“最简单、有科学依据的微习惯”。D项“小行动，常坚持，才能带来持久改变”承接前文“gosmall”的核心观点，同时引出下文“微习惯”的具体内容，起到承上启下的作用。故选D。【17题详析】根据上文“Spendingtimeoutside—whetherinapark,yourbackyardornearsomepottedplantsthatfeelwild—haspowerfulbenefits.Studiesshowthatbeinginnaturelowersstress,quietsoverthinkingandliftsyourmood.One2019studycalleditanaturepillandfoundthateven20to30minutesadayworkedwonders.(在户外度过时光——无论是身处公园、自家后院，还是靠近那些看起来充满野趣的盆栽植物——都有诸多益处。研究表明，身处大自然中能够减轻压力、减少过度思考并提升情绪。2019年的一项研究将其称为“自然药丸”，并发现每天只需20到30分钟就能产生显著效果)”可知，本段主题是“每日接触自然”，前文提到“接触自然能减压、平复过度思考、改善情绪”，且2019年研究称其为“自然药丸”。C项“它本质上是天然的情绪平衡剂”是对前文自然益处的总结，“moodbalancer”与前文“lowersstress...liftsyourmood”形成呼应，逻辑连贯。故选C。【18题详析】根据后文“Tworesearch-provenwaystodothis:Grabsomechopsticksanddownsizeyourdishes.Chopsticksnaturallyslowyoureatingpace,allowingyoutotellwhenyou’refull.Shrinkingyourplatehelpsyouserve(andeat)lesswithoutnoticing.Bothtrickshelpyouslowdown,eatmoremindfullyandcutcalorieswithoutfeelingasifyou’retrying.(有两种经过科学研究证实的方法可以实现这一目标：拿起筷子，缩小你的餐盘尺寸。筷子能自然地减缓你的进食速度，让你能够察觉自己是否已经吃饱。缩小餐盘的大小能帮助你不知不觉地减少食物的摄入量。这两种方法都能让你放慢进食速度，更用心地用餐，并且在不觉得是在刻意控制的情况下减少热量摄入)”可知，本段主题是“用筷子、小盘子吃饭”，空格后具体解释这两种用餐方式如何帮助控制饮食。E项“改变餐具能让少吃成为本能”总领全段，“diningsetup”对应后文“chopsticksanddownsizeyourdishes”，准确概括本段核心方法（通过调整用餐工具/容器改变饮食行为）。故选E。【19题详析】根据上文“We’rewiredforconnection,andnothingsays“I’vegotyou”likeagood,longhug.Holdingsomeoneclosefor20secondsboostsoxytocin(thelovehormone)anddropscortisol(thestressone).(我们天生就渴望与他人建立联系，而没有什么比一个深情而长久的拥抱更能表达“我在你身边”了。将某人紧紧拥入怀中20秒，会促进体内产生更多的催产素（这种“爱的荷尔蒙”）并降低皮质醇（这种“压力荷尔蒙”的水平）)”以及后文“Bonusbenefitslikedeeperconnection,lowerbloodpressure,andwarm-and-fuzzyfeelingslastlongerthanyourgroupchathigh-fiveemoji.(诸如更紧密的联系、更低的血压以及温馨愉悦的感觉等附加益处，其持续时间要远长于你发在群聊中用来表示庆祝的“击掌”表情符号)”可知，前文提到“拥抱20秒能提升催产素、降低皮质醇”，空格后补充“更深的联结、更低的血压等额外益处”。F项“这些益处包括更多愉悦感、不经意的专注力提升和对松鼠微笑的快乐”承接前文“拥抱的好处”，“They”指代前文提到的拥抱带来的生理变化，且“bonusbenefits”与后文形成递进，符合逻辑。故选F。【20题详析】根据后文“Eachnight,writedownthreethingsyou’rethankfulfor.A2020meta-analysislinksthishabittomorehappiness,lessstress,andmilderdepression(seekotherhelpifneeded).Ithelpsyourbrainshiftfromfocusingonthenegativetorecognizingallthegoodthingshappeninginyourworld.(每天晚上，写下你所感激的三件事情。2020年的一项与此相关的元分析表明，养成这个习惯能带来更多的幸福感、更少的压力以及更轻微的抑郁症状（如有需要，可寻求其他帮助）。这有助于你的大脑从专注于消极方面转向认识到你所生活的世界中发生的所有美好事情)”可知，本段核心内容是“每晚写下三件感恩的事”，后文解释该习惯的益处（更快乐、压力更小等）。A项“坚持感恩日记”直接点明本段主题，“gratitudejournal”与“writedownthreethingsyou’rethankfulfor”完全对应，是段落主旨的精准概括。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AbackinjurydroveBritonRoseOlivertotaichi,whichledhertoherhusbandandthentookbothofthemtoChina.Twentyyearsago,Oliver’sbackinjury____21____herchildhooddreamofbecomingaballetdancer.Buttheinjurydid____22____hertotaichi,amartialarttypicallypracticedinslowmotion.Heroriginalhopewastoimproveher____23____;however,itturnedouttobringhermore.Shelatermarriedher____24____,ReyNelson,whotaughtherhowtoplaytaichi,andfoundedaschoolwithhim,teachingthemartialarttomorethan10,000studentsovereightyears.In2000,thecouplemovedtoShanghai.Theytaught____25____inuniversitiesandhappilylearnttaichiundervariousmasterstoenhancetheirskillsinplaying.Afteryearsofpractice,Oliverfoundheroccasional____26____haddisappearedamazingly.Buthergreatestpain____27____whenherhusbanddiedin2003,leavingheralonetofollowtheir____28____passionfortaichi.Shethoughtof____29____.Butshefinallydeterminedtocarryontohonorherhusband.Withthe____30____ofhertaichi“family”—themastersandstudents,OliverspenthertimeoutsidetaichiteachingEnglishasshedidbeforeand____31____cultural-exchangeevents.ShefoundedtheDoubleDragonAlliance,whichenableskungfumasterstoteachmartialartstowesternersandorganizesseminarsandeventsforthemto____32____Chinesemassage,acupuncture,traditionalmedicine,andcalligraphy.Becauseofher____33____toculturalexchange,OliverwasgiventheShanghaiMagnoliaAward,anawardgiventoforeignerswhohavemade____34____contributionstothecity.Andshehasbeenofficially____35____asamemberoftheOrderoftheBritishEmpirebyBritain’sQueenElizabeth—oneofthehighesthonorstoacitizen.21.A.realized B.destroyed C.promoted D.decreased22.A.limit B.cheat C.lead D.devote23.A.figure B.appetite C.appearance D.health24.A.instructor B.colleague C.director D.classmate25.A.sports B.language C.music D.art26.A.backaches B.headaches C.toothaches D.stomachaches27.A.strengthened B.faded C.came D.worsened28.A.previous B.separate C.shared D.present29.A.holdingon B.standingup C.turningaway D.givingup30.A.influence B.support C.education D.agreement31.A.collecting B.attending C.analyzing D.covering32.A.exchange B.experience C.support D.observe33.A.inspiration B.suggestion C.adaptation D.contribution34.A.natural B.professional C.significant D.hopeful35.A.required B.celebrated C.respected D.announced【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A27.C28.C29.D30.B31.B32.B33.D34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国人RoseOliver一家练习太极，不仅改善了她的健康状况，而且给她带来了更多的好处，她对中西文化交流的贡献为她赢得了许多荣誉。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：20年前，奥利弗的背部受伤，这摧毁了她成为一名芭蕾舞演员的童年梦想。A.realized意识到；B.destroyed毁坏；C.promoted提升；D.decreased减少。由上文“Oliver’sbackinjury”和下文“herchildhooddreamofbecomingaballetdancer”可知，奥利弗的背部受伤，这摧毁了她成为一名芭蕾舞演员的童年梦想，故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是这次伤害确实让她学会了太极拳，这是一种典型的慢动作武术。A.limit限制；B.cheat欺骗；C.lead带领；促使；使得；D.devote奉献。由下文“hertotaichi,”和“ReyNelson,whotaughtherhowtoplaytaichi”可知，这次伤害使得她学会了太极拳，故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她最初的希望是改善自己的健康状况，但结果却给她带来了更多的好处。A.figure体形；B.appetite胃口；C.appearance外貌；D.health健康。由上文“Buttheinjurydid________hertotaichi”可知，她背部受伤，所以想练太极，以此来改善自己的健康状况，故选D。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，她嫁给了教练雷·纳尔逊（ReyNelson），他教她打太极拳，并一起创办了一所学校，在8年的时间里教授了1万多名学生武术。A.instructor导师；教练；B.colleague同事；C.director导演；D.classmate同学。由下文“ReyNelson,whotaughtherhowtoplaytaichi”可知，雷·纳尔逊是教她太极的教练，故选A。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在大学里教授语言，并愉快地跟随各位大师学习太极，以提高他们的打太极拳的技巧。A.sports运动；B.language语言；C.music音乐；D.art艺术。由倒数第二段中“OliverspenthertimeoutsidetaichiteachingEnglish”可知，他们在大学里教授语言，故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的练习，奥利弗发现她偶尔的背痛奇迹般地消失了。A.backaches背疼；B.headaches头疼；C.toothaches牙疼；D.stomachaches胃疼。由第一段提到的“Oliver’sbackinjury”可知，通过练太极，奥利弗发现她偶尔的背痛奇迹般地消失了，故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她最大的痛苦是2003年丈夫去世，留下她一个人追随他们共同的太极热情。A.strengthened加强；B.faded褪去；C.came来；D.worsened变坏。