贵州2025-2026学年4月高三年级适应性考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1贵州2025-2026学年4月高三年级适应性考试英语试卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhereLanguagesAreDyingDatafromtheEndangeredLanguagesProjectanalyzedbyStatistarevealsthatthousandsoflanguagesfromaroundtheworldarecurrentlyindangerofdyingout.TheroleoflanguagesintheDNAofculturescannotbeoverstated,norcantheimportancetheyholdasframeworks(框架)uponwhichoursocietiesdevelop.Languagesevolvetoreflecttheenvironmentinwhichtheyareapplied,aswellasthepeopleandtheculturesthatareusingandadaptingthemastimepassesby.Thefollowinginfograpicshowsthelanguagesclassifiedasthreatenedandendangeredin2022(byregion).Globalizationisasignificantkilleroflanguages,asaresearchpaperbyAmanoetal.states:“Thedominatingeffectofasinglesocioeconomicfactor,GDPpercapita(人均),onspeakergrowthratesuggeststhateconomicgrowthandglobalizationareprimarydriversofrecentlanguagespeakerdeclines.Thishasbeenthecasemainlysincethe1970sonwards,forinstance,viaassociatedpoliticalandeducationaldevelopmentsandglobalizedsocioeconomicdynamics.”Despitethedeclineofmanylanguages,wecanfindhopeknowingthatit’spossibleforalmostextinctlanguagestobounceback.Awakeninglanguagesmightnotbemorethanthenumberofendangeredones,buttheyprovideanencouragingsignthattherighteffortsandresourceshavethepowertobringdyinglanguagesbacktolife.1.Whyistheroleoflanguageimportantinsociety?A.Itboostsglobaleconomy.B.Itshapeshowsocietydevelops.C.Itreflectsbioenvironment.D.Itdetermineshowcultureschange.2.Whichregionhadthemostendangeredlanguagesin2022?A.Europe. B.SouthAmerica. C.Africa. D.Oceania.3.Whatdoestheauthortrytotellusbymentioningsavingendangeredlanguages?A.There’slittlepossibilitytoawakenthem. B.There’shopewithrightaction.C.Thegovernmentdominatestheprogress. D.Globalizationisakeyfactor.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球语言面临消亡的现状、原因及复苏希望。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheroleoflanguagesintheDNAofculturescannotbeoverstated,norcantheimportancetheyholdasframeworks(框架)uponwhichoursocietiesdevelop.(语言在文化基因中的作用怎么强调都不为过，它们作为我们社会发展的框架所具有的重要性也不容忽视。)”可知，语言在社会中很重要是因为它塑造了社会发展的方式。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第一张图表数据：North/CentralAmerica(222)、SouthAmerica(226)、Europe/Russia(148)、Africa(428)、Asia(693)、Oceania(733)可知，Oceania(大洋洲)的濒危语言数量最多。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despitethedeclineofmanylanguages,wecanfindhopeknowingthatit’spossibleforalmostextinctlanguagestobounceback.Awakeninglanguagesmightnotbemorethanthenumberofendangeredones,buttheyprovideanencouragingsignthattherighteffortsandresourceshavethepowertobringdyinglanguagesbacktolife.(尽管许多语言在衰落，但当我们知道几乎灭绝的语言有可能复苏时，我们就能找到希望。复苏的语言可能并不比濒危语言的数量多，但它们提供了一个令人鼓舞的迹象，即正确的努力和资源有能力让濒危语言起死回生。)”可知，作者提到拯救濒危语言是想告诉我们采取正确的行动就有希望。故选B。BIamFrédériqueandIwillneverforgetthatveryfirstdaywhenIsteppedintomyfirstclassroom.Theschoolhadareputationforbeingfilledwiththeworst-disciplinedstudentsinthatparticularsuburbanarea.ThenightbeforethatfirstencounterIspenthoursplanningtheday’slesson,andIevenreferredtomycolleaguesonthebestapproachandmaterialstostrikethestudents’fancy.Iplannedtoteachthe“perfecttenses”.WhenIwalkedin,thestudentsdidn’tevennoticemypresence.Ihadtoknockonthedeskandsaythegreetingfortheday.Inresponsetheyjuststaredatme.Itfeltliketheywereexaminingeveryinchofme,andatthatmoment,Iwantedthefloortoopenupandmakemedisappearfromthefaceoftheearth.Nervously,Ibeganthelesson.IspokeperfectEnglish.Itookoutthechartsandhungthemontheboard.Theclasswassilent.Noonebrokeawayfromhisorherstare.ButwhenIstartedtofingeronestudentatrandomtorespondtomyquestions,therestofclassrestartedtheirownactivities,mostofwhichweregettingintoargumentswiththeirneighbors.AtthatpointIbegantorealizehowinexperiencedIwas.AllthetheoriesIhadlearnedandmemorizedincollegeaboutwonderfullearningbehaviorismandclasscommunicationseemedinappropriateanduseless.Ihadtothinkonmyfeetabouthowtoresolvetheconflictsbetweenthestudentsandtrytodirecttheirshortattentionintomywell-craftedlesson.ThestudentsbegantospeakwitheachotherinThai.ItriedtospeakinMalay.Theydidn’tunderstandme.Theyignoredme.Gratefulforahandfulofstudentswhosatinthefrontrowsandwhoappearedmoreacademicallyfocusedthantherest.TheymanagedtoconversewithmeinMalay.Teachingistough,Isuppose,becausethelearningthatIexperiencedasastudentwasalwaysashelteredenvironment.Iwenttothebestschools,andIhadwonderfulparentsandteacherswhosupportedmylearningprocessonewayortheother.Inowknowthatrealitybites,andIlearnedthatthehardway.4.WhatcanbelearnedaboutFrédériqueinparagraph1?A.Shetookteachingseriously. B.Shehadamindofcuriosity.C.Shelikedstudyinggrammar. D.Shelivedinasuburbanarea.5.WhatdidFrédériquedowhenteachinginherfirstclass?A.Shearguedwithstudents. B.Sheescapedfromthestage.C.Shetriedtoengagestudents. D.Sherandomlyletoffhersteam.6.HowdidFrédériquefinallysurviveherfirstclass?A.Shereceivedsomeresponses. B.Sheputtheoriesintopractice.C.Sheshiftedstudents’attention. D.SheswitchedtospeakingMalay.7.Whatdoesthestorytellus?A.Hardworkpaysoff. B.Romewasn’tbuiltinaday.C.Everycloudhasasilverlining. D.Experienceisthemotherofwisdom.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Frédérique第一天当老师的经历，以及她从中得到的成长与感悟。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“ThenightbeforethatfirstencounterIspenthoursplanningtheday’slesson,andIevenreferredtomycolleaguesonthebestapproachandmaterialstostrikethestudents’fancy.Iplannedtoteachthe“perfecttenses”.(在第一次见面的前一晚，我花了几个小时规划当天的课程，甚至向同事请教了最能吸引学生的方法和材料。我计划教“完成时态”)”可知，Frédérique在上课前精心规划课程、向同事请教，由此可看出她对待教学非常认真。故选A项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“IspokeperfectEnglish.Itookoutthechartsandhungthemontheboard.Theclasswassilent.Noonebrokeawayfromhisorherstare.ButwhenIstartedtofingeronestudentatrandomtorespondtomyquestions,therestofclassrestartedtheirownactivities,mostofwhichweregettingintoargumentswiththeirneighbors.(我说着一口流利的英语。我拿出图表挂在黑板上。全班鸦雀无声。没有人从凝视中移开目光。但当我开始随机指着一个学生回答我的问题时，班上其他学生又开始了自己的活动，其中大多数人都在和邻居争吵)”可知，Frédérique在课堂上努力讲课、展示图表、提问学生，试图让学生参与到课堂中来。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Gratefulforahandfulofstudentswhosatinthefrontrowsandwhoappearedmoreacademicallyfocusedthantherest.TheymanagedtoconversewithmeinMalay.(感谢坐在前排的几个学生，他们看起来比其他人更专注于学习。他们设法用马来语和我交谈)”可知，Frédérique最终能撑过第一堂课，是因为有几个前排的学生用马来语和她交流，给了她一些回应。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Teachingistough,Isuppose,becausethelearningthatIexperiencedasastudentwasalwaysashelteredenvironment.Iwenttothebestschools,andIhadwonderfulparentsandteacherswhosupportedmylearningprocessonewayortheother.Inowknowthatrealitybites,andIlearnedthatthehardway.(我想，教学是艰难的，因为我作为学生时的学习环境总是很受保护。我上了最好的学校，有很棒的父母和老师，他们以各种方式支持我的学习过程。我现在知道现实是残酷的，我是通过惨痛的经历才明白这一点的)”可推断，这个故事告诉我们，只有亲身经历过，才能获得智慧和成长，即“经验是智慧之母”。故选D项。CFatiguemanagement(疲劳管理)isvitalforeveryone,andstayingalertwhenneededrequiresmorethanjustgood,consistentsleep.Thinkofmomentslikefeelingsleepywhiledrivingorfightingsleepinaboringclass—ourusualfixes,suchaswalkingaround,drinkingcoffeeorstandingatthebackofaroom,areonlyquickshort-termsolutions.However,forthosewhosejobsinvolvemissionsoroff-cycleworkthatpreventadequatesleep,moretailoredstrategiesarenecessary.Thisraisesthequestion:Cansleepextensionhelpwhenyouknowyou’llneedtostayawakeforalongtime?Sleepbanking,thepracticeofextendingsleephoursinthenightsbeforeaknownperiodofsleepdeprivation(剥夺),hasgainedincreasingattention.In2009,anArmystudycomparedpeoplewhogottheirregularhoursofsleepforaweektoagroupthatspent10hoursinbedduringthosesamenights.Thiswasfollowedby3nightsofonly3hoursoftimeinbedallowedforbothgroups.Surprisingly,thegroupthathad“banked”sleep,performedbetteronameasureofalertnessduringthesleeprestrictedtimeperiodandrecoveredfasterfromthesleepdeprivation.Amorerecentstudyalsofoundthataweekofsleepextensionimprovedquickdecision-makingduringa40-hourtotalsleepdeprivationtaskinvolvingemotionalstimuliandattentionaldistraction.Despitesupportingevidence,therearealsoargumentsagainstthetheory.Oneconcernissimplythathumansarenotdesignedtosleepwhentheydon’tneedsleep,thusfromtheperspectiveofphysiologicalinstinct(本能),thenotionofbankingdoesnotmakesense.Anotheristhattheobservedimprovementsmaycomefromresolvingsleepdebtwhichitselfboostscognitionandwakefulnessratherthansleepbanking.Currently,wedon’thaveadefinitiveanswerto“Canyoubanksleep?”Butthereisclearbenefittosleepextensionbeforeplanneddeprivation.Whilethemechanismremainsunproven,eithersleepbankingorresolvingsleepdebtthroughpre-deprivationextensionappearstohelpindividualsperformbetterduringdeprivationandrecovermorequicklyafterward.8.Whatistheeffectofcommonwaystofightsleepiness?A.Theybringlong-termcomfort. B.Theyrelievetemporaryfatigue.C.Theyhelptotackletoughtasks. D.Theyremoveboredominclass.9.Whatisthesharedfindingofthetwostudies?A.Mildsleepshortagefacilitatesdecision-making.B.Sleepextensionincreasesthedegreeofalertness.C.Sleepbankingcontributestomentalreactions.D.Sleepinessresultsfromattentionaldistraction.10.Whyisthesleepbankingtheorybeingquestioned?A.Itgoesagainstbiologicalsense. B.Itdisturbshumancognition.C.Itoverstatestheactualimpact. D.Itdoesn’tpaypeople’ssleepdebt.11.Beforewhichofthefollowingactivitiescanwebanksleep?A.Seeingadoctor. B.Takingadailyquiz.C.Joininginatriathlon. D.Attendingameeting.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍疲劳管理中睡眠储备的概念、相关研究及人们对该理论的支持与质疑。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thinkofmomentslikefeelingsleepywhiledrivingorfightingsleepinaboringclass—ourusualfixes,suchaswalkingaround,drinkingcoffeeorstandingatthebackofaroom,areonlyquickshort-termsolutions.(试想一下这样的时刻：开车时昏昏欲睡，或是在枯燥的课堂上强打精神——我们常用的解决方法，比如四处走动、喝咖啡或站在房间后面，都只是快速的短期解决方案)”可知，常见的对抗困倦的方法只能缓解暂时的疲劳，故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ Surprisingly,thegroupthathad“banked”sleep,performedbetteronameasureofalertnessduringthesleeprestrictedtimeperiodandrecoveredfasterfromthesleepdeprivation.(令人惊讶的是进行睡眠储备的小组在睡眠受限期间，在警觉性测试中表现更好，并且从睡眠不足中恢复得更快)”和第四段“Amorerecentstudyalsofoundthataweekofsleepextensionimprovedquickdecision-makingduringa40-hourtotalsleepdeprivationtaskinvolvingemotionalstimuliandattentionaldistraction.(最近一项研究还发现，连续一周延长睡眠时间，能让人在一项包含情绪刺激、注意力干扰、且长达40小时完全不睡的任务中，更快做出决策)”可知，两项研究共同发现睡眠储备有助于提升心理反应能力，故选C项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Oneconcernissimplythathumansarenotdesignedtosleepwhentheydon’tneedsleep,thusfromtheperspectiveofphysiologicalinstinct,thenotionofbankingdoesnotmakesense.(一个担忧是，人类本身并不适合在不需要睡眠的时候强行睡眠，因此从生理本能的角度来看，睡眠储备的概念是不合理的)”可知，睡眠储备理论因违背生理本能而受到质疑，故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sleepbanking,thepracticeofextendingsleephoursinthenightsbeforeaknownperiodofsleepdeprivation(睡眠储备是指在已知即将面临睡眠剥夺的前几晚，延长睡眠时间的做法)”可知，睡眠储备适用于需长时间保持清醒、可能面临睡眠剥夺的活动。铁人三项属于高强度、长时间运动，需提前进行睡眠储备。故选C项。DNow,evolutionhasrealisticallylongsavedcountlessspeciesfromclimateshifts.Thisraisesacriticalquestion:asglobaltemperatureskeeprising,canspeciesadaptquicklyenoughtosurviveclimatechange?Theanswerisdefinitelyyes,atleastfororganismswithshortgenerations.Thelatestevidencecomesfromthemonkeyflower,awildplantthatevolvedtosurviveCalifornia’smegadroughtfrom2012to2015.DanielAnstettatCornellUniversityandhiscolleagueshavestudiedmonkeyflowerssince2010,assessingtheirgrowthatvarioussitesyearlyandtakingsamplesforDNAsequencing.Monkeyflowersarewater-lovingplantsthatgrowalongstreams,sothedroughthitthemextremelyhard.“Ifyouweretoputoneinapotandnotwateritforafewdays,itwouldjustdie,”Anstettexplains.Threelocalpopulationsdiedoutduringthedrought,butmanysurvivorsevolveddroughttoleranceinjustthreeyears,withgenomemutations(基因突变)linkedtoclimateadaptation—andthesepopulationsrecoveredthefastestafterthedrought.Thisiswhatbiologistscallevolutionaryrescue:aspeciessurvivingadeadlythreatviarapidevolution.Thephenomenonhasbeendemonstratedinseverallabexperimentsbefore,butAnstettconfirmsthisisthefirsttimeithasbeenproventohappeninthewild.However,allthissaid,athree-yeardroughtisweather,notclimate.“Demonstratingadaptationtoclimatechangewouldtakeawhile,”saysAndrewStorferatWashingtonStateUniversity.Inotherwords,thefactthatmonkeyflowerswereabletoevolvetosurviveoneextremedroughtdoesn’tnecessarilymeantheywillcopewithacenturyofrisingtemperaturesandevermoreextremeweather.What’smore,whenpopulationsdecline,theylosegeneticdiversity—thefuelforevolution.Asglobalwarmingcontinues,thethreatswillgrowevergreater,butspecies’capacitytoevolvewillgetsmaller.Andlong-livedspecieswithlonggenerationtimeshaveverylittlecapacityforrapidevolutiontobeginwith.Nevertheless,Anstettseeshisfindingsasgoodnews.“Alotofthesecurrentpredictionsaboutspeciesdeclinedon’ttakeevolutionintoaccount,”hesays.“Thisisastoryofhope.”12.Whatisthe“criticalquestion”inparagraph1basedon?A.Afact. B.Anassumption. C.Atheory. D.Adefinition.13.Whatdoweknowaboutevolutionaryrescue?A.Labexperimentshavefailedtoproveit.B.DanielAnstettandhiscolleaguesopposeit.C.Monkeyflowerslendfurthersupporttoit.D.Genomemutationsplayaminorroleinit.14.WhatdoStorfer’swordsinparagraph4imply?A.Evolutionaryrescuedemonstratesbiodiversity.B.Mostpeoplecannottellweatherfromclimate.C.Extremeweatherbesttestsflowers’tolerance.D.Species’capacitytoevolvetakestimetoexamine.15.WhydoesAnstettsay“Thisisastoryofhope”inthelastparagraph?A.Hewinshugesupportfrombiologists. B.Hisresearchprovidesanewperspective.C.Hefindsthesecretoflong-livedspecies. D.Hisresearchhighlightscurrentpredictions.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍进化能帮助物种应对气候变化，并以猴面花为例说明，同时也指出其局限性与希望。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now,evolutionhasrealisticallylongsavedcountlessspeciesfromclimateshifts.Thisraisesacriticalquestion:asglobaltemperatureskeeprising,canspeciesadaptquicklyenoughtosurviveclimatechange?(现在，进化实际上长期以来拯救了无数物种免受气候变化的影响。这就提出了一个关键问题：随着全球气温持续上升，物种能否足够快地适应以在气候变化中生存下来？)”可知，这个关键问题是基于“进化长期拯救物种免受气候变化影响”这一事实提出的。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Threelocalpopulationsdiedoutduringthedrought,butmanysurvivorsevolveddroughttoleranceinjustthreeyears,withgenomemutationslinkedtoclimateadaptation—andthesepopulationsrecoveredthefastestafterthedrought.Thisiswhatbiologistscallevolutionaryrescue(在干旱期间，三个当地种群灭绝了，但许多幸存者在短短三年内进化出了耐旱性，其基因突变与气候适应有关——而且这些种群在干旱后恢复得最快。这就是生物学家所说的进化拯救)”可知，猴面花的案例为“进化拯救”提供了进一步的支持。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Demonstratingadaptationtoclimatechangewouldtakeawhile,”saysAndrewStorferatWashingtonStateUniversity.Inotherwords,thefactthatmonkeyflowerswereabletoevolvetosurviveoneextremedroughtdoesn’tnecessarilymeantheywillcopewithacenturyofrisingtemperaturesandevermoreextremeweather.(华盛顿州立大学的安德鲁・斯托弗说：“证明对气候变化的适应需要一段时间。”换句话说，猴面花能够进化以度过一次极端干旱，并不一定意味着它们能应对一个世纪的气温上升和越来越极端的天气)”可推断，斯托弗的话暗示，物种的进化能力需要时间来检验，一次极端干旱的适应不能代表对长期气候变化的适应。故选D项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Alotofthesecurrentpredictionsaboutspeciesdeclinedon’ttakeevolutionintoaccount,”hesays.“Thisisastoryofhope.”(他说：“目前许多关于物种减少的预测都没有考虑到进化。这是一个充满希望的故事。”)”可知，安斯特特认为他的研究发现（物种能通过快速进化应对威胁）提供了一个新的视角，打破了人们对物种减少的悲观预测，因此他说这是一个充满希望的故事。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。GivingandreceivingpositivefeedbackYourmanagercalledyouandsaidshewouldwanttodiscussyourperformanceinrecentprojects.____16____.OnMondaymorning,whenyouwalkedintoheroffice,shefirstpraisedyourexcellentwork,andyouimmediatelygotready—isthisacommonsettingforthefrightening“feedbacksandwich”?Youareveryfamiliarwiththispattern:startingwithpraise,offeringgenuinecriticism,andendingwithmorepraise.____17____.However,whenfeedbackfollowsthispredictableformula,employeesbegintoseepraiseasafillerforcriticism,deprivingitofitstruemeaning.Positivefeedbackisbetterthanbeingdowngradedtoabuffer(缓冲)responsibility.Itshouldbeusedindependentlyasatoolformotivation.Belowarethreetipstohelpyoumakepositivefeedbackcount.●SeparatepositivefromnegativefeedbackWhenpraisealwayscomesbeforecriticism,itlosesitspower.____18____.Letitbeofferedwithoutashadow—nocomparison,nosubtlecorrection.Justthesimple,honestactofappreciation.●____19____PsychologistCarolDweckemphasizedourbrain’sadaptabilityandourcapacitytodevelopnewabilities.Ratherthanpraisingfixedtraitslike“youhaveanaturaleyefordetail,”focusontheprocess—celebratingeffort,creativeapproaches,andproblem-solvingpersistence.●CreateacultureofofferingpositivefeedbackIntegratepositivefeedbackintodailyinteractions,notjustformalreviews.Offercasualappreciationduringhallwayconversationsorcoffeebreaks.Encourageteammemberstorecognizeeachother’scontributions.____20____.Transformingaworkplaceskepticalofpositivefeedbacktakespatience,buttherewardsextendbeyondimprovedperformancetoagenuinelyenrichedprofessionallife.A.PraiseacreativemindsetB.DevelopagrowthmindsetC.ShebegancriticizingwithouthesitationD.EnsurethatpraisesometimesexistsindependentlyE.SuchhabitscreateanenvironmentwherepraiseflowsinalldirectionsF.YouspendtheentireweekendanxiousandquestionwhatyoudidwrongG.Manymanagersusethistechnique,wrappingnegativefeedbackbetweentwopositives【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.B20.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章以“反馈三明治”现象引入，指出积极反馈不应沦为批评的缓冲，并给出三条建议：正负反馈分离、培养成长型思维、营造积极反馈文化，以提升职场激励效果。【16题详析】上文“Yourmanagercalledyouandsaidshewouldwanttodiscussyourperformanceinrecentprojects.(你的经理打电话给你，说她想和你谈谈你近期项目的表现。)”提到经理打电话说要和你谈近期项目表现。下文“OnMondaymorning,whenyouwalkedintoheroffice…(周一早上，当你走进她的办公室时…)”提到周一早上走进办公室。可推知，接到这种通知，人会先焦虑、担心自己出错，度过不安的周末。F选项“Youspendtheentireweekendanxiousandquestionwhatyoudidwrong.(你整个周末都很焦虑，怀疑自己是不是哪里做错了。)”符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。【17题详析】上文“Youareveryfamiliarwiththispattern:startingwithpraise,offeringgenuinecriticism,andendingwithmorepraise.(你对这种模式非常熟悉：先以赞扬开始，接着给出真诚的批评，最后再以更多的赞扬结束。)”介绍了“表扬—批评—表扬”的反馈三明治模式。下文“However,whenfeedbackfollowsthispredictableformula,employeesbegintoseepraiseasafillerforcriticism,deprivingitofitstruemeaning.(然而，如果反馈遵循这种可预测的模式，员工就会将赞扬视为批评的填充物，从而剥夺了其真正的意义。)”However转折，说这种固定模式会让赞美失去意义。G选项“Manymanagersusethistechnique,wrappingnegativefeedbackbetweentwopositives.(许多管理者使用这种技巧，把负面反馈夹在两段正面评价之间。)”先说明很多管理者都在使用这种方法，再转折讲问题。thistechnique指代前面的feedbacksandwich，指代清晰，衔接紧密。故选G项。【18题详析】段落主旨“Separatepositivefromnegativefeedback(区分积极反馈和消极反馈)”把正面反馈和负面反馈分开。上文“Whenpraisealwayscomesbeforecriticism,itlosesitspower.(当赞扬总是先于批评出现时，它就会失去效力。)”提到赞美总是放在批评前面就会失去力量。下文“Letitbeofferedwithoutashadow—nocomparison,nosubtlecorrection.(让它自然地呈现出来——不要比较，不要微妙的纠正。)”提到让赞美不带阴影、没有对比、没有修正，只是真诚欣赏。D选项“Ensurethatpraisesometimesexistsindependently.(要确保赞美有时可以独立存在。)”可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，independently对应段落主题separate，完美呼应。故选D项。【19题详析】下文“Ratherthanpraisingfixedtraitslike“youhaveanaturaleyefordetail,”focusontheprocess—celebratingeffort,creativeapproaches,andproblem-solvingpersistence.(与其称赞诸如“你天生就善于关注细节”这类固定特质，不如关注过程——赞美努力、创新的方法以及解决问题的毅力。)”本段讲“如何正确给出积极反馈”，重点是赞美思维与过程。B选项“Developagrowthmindset(培养成长型思维)”为总结该段内容，适合作为该段小标题。故选B项。【20题详析】段落主旨“Createacultureofofferingpositivefeedback(营造积极反馈的文化。)”上文“Integratepositivefeedbackintodailyinteractions,notjustformalreviews.Offercasualappreciationduringhallwayconversationsorcoffeebreaks.Encourageteammemberstorecognizeeachother’scontributions.(将积极反馈融入日常交流中，而不仅仅是形式上的评估。在走廊交谈或咖啡休息时间里给予随意的赞赏。鼓励团队成员相互认可彼此的贡献。)”提到把赞美融入日常交流、走廊闲聊、鼓励同事互相认可。E选项“Suchhabitscreateanenvironmentwherepraiseflowsinalldirections.(这些习惯会营造出赞美四处流动的环境。)”可知，Suchhabits指代前面的日常赞美行为，总结自然。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分；满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ihadn’tfeltthisdisconnectedfromaplaceforalongtime.Ihadtraveledto27countriesandthoughtIwasskilledatbeingastranger,movingthroughplaceslike____21____.ButinChina,thewindstopped.Asaforeigner,IwasstaredatwhereverIwentinChinaonthefirstday.Kidspointedatmeandpassers-bygazedatmewithstrangefaces.Ifelt____22____,oldmemoriesofbeingjudgedcomingbacktomesoclearly.Atthebeginning,I____23____consideredtheirexpressionsas____24____andevenhostility(敌意).Actuallydeepinside,Ijustwantedtofitinandbe____25____.Onmysecondday,abig____26____toescaperoseinmyheart.Butthen,asIcheckedflights,IrealizedeverytimeIencountereddiscomfort,I____27____.Here,however,Icouldnothideorbecome____28____.Ihadtomakeadecision:letthestarescontrolmeor____29____theirmeaningmyself.Ithenwillinglychoseto____30____andrespondwithkindness.SoonIlearnedthatpeople’s____31____wereonlyoutofcuriosity,notprejudice.Theysmiledwarmlyandofferedhelp.ItturnedoutthatIhadbeentheone____32____themoutoffear.Chinaactedlikea____33____,forcingmetofacemytrueself.IoriginallythoughtIwasmerelyheretovisitacountry,butChinaletmeknowmyselfbetter.Truefreedomcomesnotfromothers’____34____,butfromacceptingwhoIam.____35____isnotaboutfindinganswers,butaskingbetterquestionsforustogetconnectedtotheplacevisited.21.A.sound B.wind C.cloud D.water22.A.sympathetic B.pessimistic C.uneasy D.guilty23.A.wrongly B.pleasantly C.hardly D.nervously24.A.trust B.disappointment C.politeness D.criticism25.A.noticed B.praised C.ignored D.underestimated26.A.hope B.urge C.effort D.chance27.A.ranaway B.heldon C.walkedaround D.calmeddown28.A.silent B.invisible C.unique D.brilliant29.A.dismiss B.guess C.collect D.define30.A.wait B.settle C.relax D.stay31.A.comments B.suggestions C.expressions D.doubts32.A.judging B.refusing C.pitying D.hating33.A.greenhouse B.door C.mirror D.port34.A.permission B.recognition C.explanation D.ambition35.A.Travelling B.Sporting C.Writing D.Filming【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.B29.D30.D31.C32.A33.C34.B35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者初到中国因被注视而感到不安，甚至想逃离，后来选择以善意回应，发现路人只是好奇。这段旅程如镜子般让作者直面内心，懂得真正的自由源于自我接纳，旅行的意义是与所到之地建立联结。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾游历过27个国家，自认为很擅长做一个“陌生人”，像风一样穿梭于各地。A.sound声音；B.wind风；C.cloud云；D.water水。根据后文明确出现“ButinChina,thewindstopped”可知，此处前后呼应，作者把自己比作风，穿梭于各地。故选B项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到不安，那些关于被评判的旧记忆清晰地涌上心头。A.sympathetic同情的；B.pessimistic悲观的；C.uneasy不安的，不自在的；D.guilty内疚的。根据前文“Kidspointedatmeandpassers-bygazedatmewithstrangefaces.”提到“无论去哪都被盯着、路人用奇怪的眼神看我”，可知，这种处境会让人感到不自在、局促。故选C项。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，我错误地将他们的表情视为批评甚至是敌意。A.wrongly错误地；B.pleasantly愉快地；C.hardly几乎不；D.nervously紧张地。根据后文Actually表转折以及“SoonIlearnedthatpeople’s______wereonlyoutofcuriosity”，说明作者后来发现自己一开始误解了路人的表情，因此是“错误地”认为。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我错误地将他们的表情视为批评甚至是敌意。A.trust信任；B.disappointment失望；C.politeness礼貌；D.criticism指责，评判。根据空格后有“evenhostility”可知，此处需填与“敌意”并列的负面含义，作者误以为路人的表情是指责、评判。故选D项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，在内心深处，我只是想融入其中，被忽视就好。A.noticed被注意、被关注；B.praised被表扬；C.ignored被忽视；D.underestimated被低估。根据语境以及上文“Ijustwantedtofitin”可知，作者因被注视感到不安，内心希望不被关注，即“被忽视”。故选C项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，一种强烈的想要逃离的冲动在我心中升起。A.hope希望；B.urge强烈的冲动、欲望；C.effort努力；D.chance机会。根据句意以及下文“toescaperoseinmyheart”可知，此处为固定搭配abigurgetodosth表示“做某事的强烈冲动”，此处指内心涌起强烈的逃离冲动。故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但随后，当我查看航班时，我意识到每次遇到不适，我都会逃避。A.ranaway逃跑、逃避；B.heldon坚持；C.walkedaround四处走动；D.calmeddown冷静下来。根据后文“however,Icouldnothide”提到“但这次我不能躲”，说明以往遇到不适时，作者的做法是逃避、跑开。故选A项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而在这里，我无法隐藏自己，也无法变得隐形。A.silent沉默的；B.invisible隐形的、不被看见的；C.unique独特的；D.brilliant杰出的。根据上文“Icouldnothide”可知，作者是外国人，外貌显眼，无法隐藏、无法变成“隐形人”不被注意，与前文hide呼应。故选B项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须做出一个决定：让这些注视控制我，还是自己去定义它们的意义。A.dismiss摒弃；B.guess猜测；C.collect收集；D.define定义、解读。根据上文“Ihadtomakeadecision:letthestarescontrolme”可知，作者面临选择：要么被异样目光左右，要么自己主动解读目光的含义，而非被动臆测。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我心甘情愿地选择留下来，并以友善的态度回应。A.wait等待；B.settle定居、解决；C.relax放松；D.stay留下。根据上文“asIcheckedflights,IrealizedeverytimeIencountereddiscomfort,Iranaway.”提到每次遇到不适，作者都会逃避，以及下文“andrespondwithkindness”可知，现在作者心甘情愿地选择留下来，并以友善的态度回应。故选D项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我了解到人们的表情只是出于好奇，并非带有偏见。A.comments评论；B.suggestions建议；C.expressions表情、神态；D.doubts怀疑。根据前文多次提到“theirexpressions”，此处呼应，指人们的表情只是出于好奇。故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：原来是我出于恐惧而评判他们。A.judging评判；B.refusing拒绝；C.pitying同情；D.hating憎恨。根据前文提到“oldmemoriesofbeingjudged”（被评判的回忆），此处形成对比：是作者出于恐惧在评判他人。故选A项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国就像一面镜子，迫使我面对真实的自己。A.greenhouse温室；B.door门；C.mirror镜子；D.port港口。根据后文“forcingmetofacemytrueself”提到“迫使我面对真实的自己、让我更了解自己”，可知，镜子的比喻最贴切，照见内心。故选C项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：真正的自由并非来自他人的认可，而是源于接受真实的自我。A.permission允许；B.recognition认可；C.explanation解释；D.ambition野心。根据下文“butfromacceptingwhoIam”可知，作者不再在意他人的眼光，领悟到真正的自由并非来自他人的认可，而是接纳自我。故选B项。【35题详析】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：旅行并非是为了寻找答案，而是为了通过提出更好的问题，让我们与所到之处建立联系。A.Travelling旅行；B.Sporting运动；C.Writing写作；D.Filming拍摄。通读全文可知，全文围绕作者在中国的旅行经历展开，结尾升华旅行的意义。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AustralianvloggerAmyLyonsseemedsurprisedthatthesmallcityofTongreninChina’s____36____(southwest)Guizhouprovinceexportsmatchaabroad.Inhervideo,shopwindowsarefilledwithlocallyproducedmatchaproducts,fromtheemerald-coloredpowder____37____(it)tomatcha-flavoredicecream—evenm