贵州省黔西南州部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期第一次质量检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1贵州省黔西南州部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期第一次质量检测英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.WhatwillSuedofortheman?A.Cleanhisdesk. B.Finishhisreport. C.Drivehimtowork.【答案】B【原文】M:Sue,thatreportonmydeskhastobefinishedtoday.ButI’msickandcan’tcometotheoffice.W:Iseethereport,Bill.I’llfinishitforyou.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Buyacake. B.Stopsmoking. C.Changeaseat.【答案】C【原文】W:CanIchangeaseatwithyou?Idon’tlikethemansmokingbesideme.M:Ofcourse.That’sapieceofcake.3.WhendidthemancomebackfromParis?A.Today. B.Yesterday. C.Lastweekend.【答案】B【原文】W:IsawyouandPatatthebasketballgamelastweekend.M:Youmustbemistaken.WewenttoParisforaholidayandjustcamebackyesterday.4.Whatdoesthemanwantnow?A.Water. B.Chocolate. C.Icecream.【答案】A【原文】W:Whatkindoficecreamwouldyoulike,chocolateormilk?M:Neither.Thankyou.IlikethembothbutrightnowallIwantissomewater.5.Wherewillthewomango?A.Thebusstation. B.Thetrainstation. C.Thepolicestation.【答案】A【原文】W:Excuseme,driver.Areyousurewe’regoingtherightway?M:Youwantedtogotothestation,didn’tyou?W:That’sright.Thecitybusstation.M:Oh,I’msorry.Ithoughtyousaidthetrainstation.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatdoesJackhavetodoat10:00am?A.Catchabus. B.Repairhisbike. C.Attendalecture.7.Howdoesthemanusuallygotoschool?A.Bycar. B.Bybus. C.Bybike.【答案】6.C7.C【原文】W:IjustsawJackatthebusstation.Whyishewaitingforabus?M:Hehastogotoalectureat10:00thismorning.W:Iknowthat.Butwhydidhehavetowaitforabus?Youalwaysgotoschoolbybicycletogether,don’tyou?M:That’sright.Buthisbicyclebrokedown,andhehaditrepairedthismorning.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhydoesthemancometotalktoLisa?A.Toordersomepizzas. B.Toinvitehertoaparty. C.Tocelebrateherbirthday.9.WhatisLisalikelytodo?A.Bringabirthdaycard. B.Exercisewiththeman. C.AskJanetocomealong.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】M:Hey,Lisa,waitup.I’vewantedtohaveachancetotalktoyou.W:Hi!What’sup?M:ThisweekendI’mhavingabirthdaypartyforTed.I’dlikeyoutocome.W:I’dloveto.Whenisit?M:We’rehavingitthisSaturdayat8o’clockatmyhouse.We’regoingtoorderapizzaandplaysomegames.Thenwhoeverwantstostaylongercanhangoutandwatchavideo.W:Itsoundslikealotoffun.ButnowthatIthinkaboutit,IpromisedIwoulddosomethingwithJaneSaturdaynight.M:Well,whydon’tyoubringheralong?Itwouldbefun.Tedwouldreallylikethat.I’msure.W:Really?Thatwouldbegreat.OK,I’llaskJanetocomealong.WhatcanIbring?M:Nothing.Justbringyourselves.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.Howdoesthewomanfindthebedroom?A.New. B.Small. C.Bright.11.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouttheapartment?A.Itslivingroom. B.Itsbedroom. C.Itskitchen.12.Whatdoweknowabouttheapartment?A.Itisbig. B.Itisexpensive. C.Itfacesapark.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【原文】M:Whatdoyouthinkofthisapartment?W:It’snotverygood.Thebedroomisalittlesmallforus.M:Itshouldbeenoughforourneeds,Ithink.W:Andthere’snohotwateraftertenatnight.SometimesIliketohaveashowerbeforegoingtobed.M:That’strue.ButIlovethelivingroom.It’slargeandfilledwithsunshine.W:Ilikethekitchenbest.It’snew.M:Look!Fromherewecangetaviewofthepark.W:Oh,theviewisgreat.Butthatbedroomissmall.Wecan’tgetallofourthingsinit.M:Maybewecangetsomenewfurniture.W:Iagree.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。13.WhydoesTommakethephonecall?A.Toaskabouttheresultofanexam.B.TopracticeEnglishwithMissLi.C.Toexpresshisheartfeltthanks.14.WhydoesTomfeelstressedout?A.Hetoldalietothewoman.B.HeforgotanEnglishexam.C.Hedidbadlyintheexam.15.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestionfortheman?A.Communicatingwithhisparents.B.Correctingthemistakesatonce.C.Payingmoreattentionnexttime.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Bossandsecretary.【答案】13.A14.C15.C16.B【原文】M:ThisisTom.MayIspeaktoMissLi?W:Tom?Gladtohearyourvoice.M:MissLi,IwonderiftheresultofthelastEnglishexamhascomeout.YouknowIdowellinEnglish,butIwassocarelessthatImademanymistakesthistime.NowI’mreallystressedout.W:Justtakeiteasy,Tom!Theresulthasn’tcomeoutyet.Assoonasitcomesout,I’lltellyou.Maybeyoudidn’tdosobadly.M:Ihopeso.WhatifIgetabadgrade?Ifeelnervousaboutit.W:Don’tworry.Itdoesn’tmatter.Youknowthemistakesyoumade.Paymoreattentionnexttime.M:Thanksalot,MissLi.Youalwaysgiveusmuchencouragement.W:I’mgladtohearthat.Cheerup.M:Iwill.Seeyounextweek.W:Haveaniceday!Pleasegivemyregardstoyourparents.Seeyou.M:Thankyousomuch.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Howmanyforeignstudentsarevisitingtheschool?A.Over30. B.About20. C.About13.18.Whydoestheschoolorganizethemusicweek?A.Tosellmusicalinstruments.B.Towelcometheforeignstudents.C.Tomarktheopeningofaconcert.19.Whenshouldstudentssignupfortheactivities?A.BeforeSeptember15th.B.InthelastweekofSeptember.C.InthefirstweekofDecember.20.Wherewillthemusicweekbeheld?A.Inthelibrary. B.Inthegarden. C.Intheclassroom.【答案】17.A18.B19.A20.B【原文】Hello,everyone.Ihaveanannouncementtomake.Asyouknow,wehavemorethan30studentsfromAmerica,England,CanadaandFrancevisitingourschool.Inordertohelpthemenjoytheirtimehere,theStudents’UnionhasdecidedtoorganizeaEuropeanmusicweek.ItwillbeheldthelastweekofSeptember.Youcansingpopsongsandplaymusicalinstruments,sodon’tforgettobringalongyourmusicalinstrumentifyouhaveany.Therewillalsobeaninterestingmusiccontest.Duringthecompetition,thevisitingstudentswillsingthefirstsentenceofasongandyouwillberequiredtoguesswherethesongcomesfromandwhat’sthenameofthesong.PleasecometotheStudents’UnionofficetosignupbeforeSeptember15thifyouwanttotakepartinanyoftheactivities.Themusicweekwillbeheldinthegardentotheleftofthelibrary.Ihopeallofyouwillhaveagreattime.That’sall!第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcometoourschool’safter-schoolactivityclubs!Allclubsstartat4:30p.m.andendat6:00p.m.fromMondaytoFriday.Joiningaclubisagreatwaytomakenewfriendsanddevelopyourhobbies.ArtClubIfyoulikedrawing,paintingormakinghandcrafts,theArtClubisperfectforyou.Wehaveprofessionalartteacherstoteachyoubasicskills.Youcanalsotakepartinschoolartshowseveryterm.OpentoGrade10studentsonly.EnglishSpeakingClubPracticeyouroralEnglishandimproveyourcommunicationskillshere.WedodifferentactivitieslikeEnglishdebates,story-tellingandrole-plays.EveryFriday,weinviteforeignteacherstotalkwithus.OpentoGrade10and11students.SportsClubThisclubisforsportslovers!Weofferbasketball,volleyballandrunningtraining.Wealsoholdfriendlymatcheswithotherschoolseverymonth.Youdon’tneedtohavegoodskills—justlovesports!Opentoallhighschoolstudents.ReadingClubEnjoyreadingandsharingyourideaswithothers.Wereaddifferentkindsofbooks,suchasnovels,poemsandbiographies.Everyweek,wehaveabooksharingmeeting.Wealsohaveasmalllibraryintheclubroom.Opentoallhighschoolstudents.21.Howlongdoeseachclubactivitylast?A.Onehour. B.Oneandahalfhours. C.Twohours. D.Twoandahalfhours.22.WhichclubisonlyforGrade10students?A.ArtClub. B.EnglishSpeakingClub. C.SportsClub. D.ReadingClub.23.WhatactivitydoestheEnglishSpeakingClubhaveeveryFriday?A.Englishdebates. B.Story-telling.C.Talkingwithforeignteachers. D.Role-plays.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。介绍了学校开设的四个课后活动俱乐部，包括各俱乐部的活动内容、面向年级等信息，为学生提供课后活动选择参考。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Allclubsstartat4:30p.m.andendat6:00p.m.fromMondaytoFriday.(所有俱乐部从周一到周五下午4:30开始，6:00结束)”可知，俱乐部活动的时长为一个半小时。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据ArtClub部分“OpentoGrade10studentsonly.(仅对十年级学生开放)”可知，仅面向十年级学生的是艺术俱乐部。故选A。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据EnglishSpeakingClub部分“EveryFriday,weinviteforeignteacherstotalkwithus.(每周五，我们会邀请外教和我们交流)”可知，英语口语俱乐部每周五的活动是和外教交流。故选C。BOnasunnyday,agroupofchildren,four-to-seven-year-old,sitontheirbicycles.Theirmothers,standingnearby,watchthemcloselyforfearthatthechildrenwillfallofftheirbikes.Thechildrenarereadytolearnhowtoride.RachelVarnstillremembershowshefeltridingabicycleforthefirsttime.Shesays,“Itcanboostconfidence.Itgiveskidssuchasenseofindependence.”Nowherjobishelpingchildrenexperiencethatmoment.RachelVarnleftherjobofsellingbicyclestobecomeatrainerforbicycleridinglastyear.ShefoundedPedal(踏板)PowerKidstoteachbicycleeducation.Beforestartingaride,sheteachesthechildrenhowtomakesurethebicyclesareingoodconditionforsafeuse.Shecallsit“theABCquickcheck”.“Aisforair,”sheexplains.“Wehavetocheckourtiresbeforeweride.Bisforbrakes.Wewanttomakesureourbrakesworkbeforewefindourselvesonthetopofahillabouttogodown.AndCisforchain.”Shesaysthechainmustbeclean.Therestofthetrainingismorefun.Thechildrenlearnridingskills,frombalanceandpedalingtoturning,startingandstopping.Andtheylearntokeeptheireyesupandlookaheadwhileriding.Varnsaysmanychildrenstruggletodothis.Theylookdownatthepedalsinstead.Obviouslythatdoesn’tallowthemtoseewhat’sgoingonaroundthem,anditalsodoesn’tallowthemtoturnproperly.Learningtorideabicyclecanopenawholenewworldtochildren.Itgivesthemasenseofaccomplishmentandfreedom.Theybecomemoresensitive(敏感的)totheirsurroundingsandbetterabletomakesafe,smartdecisionsgoingfromoneplacetoanother.JuliaRoelinghadneitherthetimenortheconfidencetoteachherchildrenhowtoride.ShesigneduptwoofherthreechildreninVarn’sbicyclingclass.“Now,theycandoitsafely.Andtheyknowhowtogetaroundthecommunity.”24.Howdothemothersfeelwhenthechildrenarereadytolearnriding?A.Excited. B.Relieved. C.Confident. D.Nervous.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boost”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Increase. B.Share. C.Express. D.Weaken.26.Whatdochildrenfindchallengingwhenlearningtoride?A.Keepingbalance. B.Hittingthebrakeproperly.C.Checkingbicyclesafetybeforeriding. D.Keepingtheireyesupandlookingahead.27.What’smainlytalkedaboutinParagraph5?A.Thebicyclestraining. B.TheABCquickcheckforsafety.C.Thebenefitsoflearningtoridebicycles. D.Parents’reactiontoVarn’sbicyclingclass.【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述RachelVarn创办机构教儿童学骑自行车，介绍教学内容及骑车给孩子带来的好处。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theirmothers,standingnearby,watchthemcloselyforfearthatthechildrenwillfallofftheirbikes.(他们的妈妈站在旁边，密切地看着他们，生怕孩子们从自行车上摔下来)”可知，母亲们的心情是紧张的。故选D。【25题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Itcanboostconfidence.Itgiveskidssuchasenseofindependence.(它能boost自信心。它能给孩子们一种独立感)”可知，“boost”与“gives...asenseofindependence(给出独立感)”表意相近，是积极的正向作用。A.Increase增强；B.Share分享；C.Express表达；D.Weaken削弱。故选A。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Andtheylearntokeeptheireyesupandlookaheadwhileriding.Varnsaysmanychildrenstruggletodothis.(他们还要学习骑车时抬头向前看。瓦恩说很多孩子都很难做到这一点)”可知，孩子们觉得有挑战性的是骑车时抬头向前看。故选D。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据第五段中“Learningtorideabicyclecanopenawholenewworldtochildren.Itgivesthemasenseofaccomplishmentandfreedom.Theybecomemoresensitive(敏感的)totheirsurroundingsandbetterabletomakesafe,smartdecisionsgoingfromoneplacetoanother.(学习骑自行车可以为孩子们打开一个全新的世界。这给他们一种成就感和自由感。他们对周围的环境变得更加敏感，从一个地方到另一个地方，他们能够更好地做出安全、明智的决定)”可知，该段主要讲学习骑自行车的好处。故选C。CResearchershavestudiedchangestomealtimes(吃饭时间)inolderadults.Theyfoundthatpeopleexperiencegradualshifts(改变)astheyage(变老),andthesechangesmayshowimportantinformationabouttheirhealth.LeadresearcherHassanDashtisuggestedthatmealtimechanges,especiallyinbreakfast,canbeasimplesignofaperson’shealth.Hesaidthatdoctorsandpatientsshouldusechangesinmealtimeroutinesasearlywarningsofhidden(隐藏的)physicalormentalproblems.Healsonotedthatkeepingaregular(有规律的)eatingschedulemaysupporthealthyagingandlongerlife.Toexplorethisidea,theteamstudied2,945adultsintheUK,aged42to94,whowerefollowedformorethan20years.Theycollectedhealthdataandbloodsamples(样本)toseehowthemealtimemightrelatetohealthproblems.Theyfoundthatasolderadultsage,theytendtoeatmealsespeciallybreakfastanddinnerlaterduringtheday,whilealsonarrowingtheoveralltimewindowinwhichtheyeateachday.Laterbreakfasttimeswerestronglyrelatedtosomehealthproblemssuchasextremesadness,lowenergy,poorsleep,andtroublepreparingmeals.Peoplewhoatelaterwerealsomorelikelytohaveoralhealthproblems.Mostimportantly,laterbreakfastwasconnectedwithahigherriskofdeath.Theresearchersalsofoundthatpeoplewhowerenaturally“nightowls”(preferringlatersleepandwaketimes)tendedtoeatmealsatlatertimes.“Upuntilnow,wehavehadalimited(有限的)insightintohowthemealtimedevelopslaterinlifeandhowthischangerelatestooverallhealthandlongevity,”saidDashti.“Ourfindingshelpfillthatgapbyshowingthatlatermealtimes,especiallyalaterbreakfast,aretiedtobothhealthchallengesandincreaseddeathriskinolderadults.Theseresultsaddnewmeaningtothesayingthat‘breakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday’,especiallyforolderadults.”28.WhatdidDashtisuggestaboutmealtimechanges?A.Theyusuallyhavenoclearreasons. B.Theydependmainlyonsleepinghabits.C.Theycanshowsignsofaperson’shealth. D.Theyarecommonamongyoungpeople.29.WhatdidtheresearchersfindaboutolderadultsaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Theyhavemorefoodeachday. B.Theymissbreakfastmoreoften.C.Theytakelongertimeovermeals. D.Theyeatmealslaterduringtheday.30.Whatcanbeinferredaboutpeoplewhoeatbreakfastlate?A.Theytendtolivelongerlives. B.Theyusuallyfeelmoreenergetic.C.Theyarelesslikelytostayup. D.Theymayfacesomehealthproblems.31.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheresultsofthestudy?A.Disappointing. B.Uncertain. C.Helpful. D.Unexpected.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍研究人员对老年人用餐时间变化的研究，发现用餐时间（尤其早餐）推迟与健康问题及死亡风险相关，可为健康预警提供参考。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“LeadresearcherHassanDashtisuggestedthatmealtimechanges,especiallyinbreakfast,canbeasimplesignofaperson’shealth.Hesaidthatdoctorsandpatientsshouldusechangesinmealtimeroutinesasearlywarningsofhidden(隐藏的)physicalormentalproblems.(首席研究员HassanDashti表示，用餐时间的变化，尤其是早餐时间的变化，可能是一个人健康状况的一个简单标志。他建议医生和患者应将用餐时间规律的变化作为潜在身体或心理问题的早期预警信号。)”可知，Dashti认为用餐时间的变化能反映一个人的健康状况。故选C项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theyfoundthatasolderadultsage,theytendtoeatmealsespeciallybreakfastanddinnerlaterduringtheday,whilealsonarrowingtheoveralltimewindowinwhichtheyeateachday.(他们发现，随着老年人年龄增长，他们往往会把用餐时间（尤其是早餐和晚餐）推迟到一天中更晚的时段，同时也会缩短每天进食的总时间窗口。)”可知，研究人员发现老年人白天用餐时间会更晚。故选D项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Laterbreakfasttimeswerestronglyrelatedtosomehealthproblemssuchasextremesadness,lowenergy,poorsleep,andtroublepreparingmeals.Peoplewhoatelaterwerealsomorelikelytohaveoralhealthproblems.Mostimportantly,laterbreakfastwasconnectedwithahigherriskofdeath.(早餐吃得较晚与极度悲伤、精力不足、睡眠质量差、做饭困难等健康问题密切相关。用餐时间较晚的人也更有可能出现口腔健康问题。最重要的是，早餐推迟与更高的死亡风险相关。)”可知，早餐吃得晚的人可能面临多种健康风险。故选D项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ourfindingshelpfillthatgapbyshowingthatlatermealtimes,especiallyalaterbreakfast,aretiedtobothhealthchallengesandincreaseddeathriskinolderadults.(我们的研究结果填补了这一空白，表明晚吃饭，尤其是晚吃早餐，与老年人的健康挑战和死亡风险增加有关。)”可知，该研究结果填补了相关领域的研究空白，具有重要参考价值，因此“有帮助的”最能描述该研究结果。故选C项。DReasoncan’tfullyexplainwhypeoplekeepreachingfortheirphones,evenwhentheyknownothingimportantislikelytohappen.Anewstudysuggestsabiologicalexplanationforwhycertainpeoplefinditespeciallyhardtoputtheirphonesdown—itinvolvesdopamine,thebrain’s“reward”chemical.Eachtimewecheckamessageorseeanew“like”,ourbrainreceivesatinyburstofdopamine.Overtime,somepeople’sbrainsbecomehighlysensitivetothesesmallrewardsandstartto“ask”forthemmorefrequently.Inthesepeople,researchersreport,thereappeartobemoredopamine-releasingcellsincertainbrainareas—meaningthattheirbrainsmayreleasedopaminemoreeasilyinresponsetodigitalsignals,keepingthemdependentoncheckingtheirphones.Dr.KarenLiu,aneuroscientistatNorthbridgeUniversity,studiedwhetherthebrainsofheavyphoneusersdifferedinanywayfromthosewhousedtheirphonesless.Sheandherteamfocusedonapartofthebrainlinkedtohabit-formingbehavior.Brainscansshowedthatfrequentphonecheckershadstrongerconnectionsbetweenthisareaandtheregionsthatprocessvisualnotifications,suchasscreenlightsandmessageicons.“Theirbrainsseemtotreataphonenotificationassomethingthatdeservesimmediateattention,”Liusays.“It’sanimportantpieceofthepuzzleinunderstandingmodernhabits,”saysDr.MiguelTorres,apsychiatristwhotreatspatientswithtechnology-relatedproblems.Torresbelievesthatrecognizingthebrain’sroleinthesebehaviorsmayreducetheshamesomepeoplefeelabouttheirphoneuseandencouragethemtoseekhelp.Healsosuggeststhatfuturetreatmentsmightincludebothcounselingandsimplechangesinphonedesign,suchaslimitingnotifications,tohelplowerthebrain’srepeateddopamineresponse.32.Whatplaysthemostimportantroleinpeople’saddiction?A.Anew“like”. B.Afancyphone. C.Atinychemical. D.Abrainarea.33.WhatdidLiu’sstudymainlyfocuson?A.Numberofapps. B.Brainareasforhabits¬ifications.C.Eyedamagefromphones. D.Differentphonescreens.34.AccordingtoTorres,howmightfuturetreatmentshelpheavyphoneusers?A.Blocksmartphonescompletely. B.Replacephoneswithotherdevices.C.Changephonesettings. D.Deleteallsocialmedia.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Shameoverphoneuse. B.Brightscreensattractingusers.C.Preventingteens’phoneuseatschool. D.Brainexplanationforphonechecking.【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章从大脑生物学角度，解读人们频繁查看手机的原因及相关研究与改善建议。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Anewstudysuggestsabiologicalexplanationforwhycertainpeoplefinditespeciallyhardtoputtheirphonesdown—itinvolvesdopamine,thebrain’s‘reward’chemical.(一项新研究为某些人特别难以放下手机提供了生物学解释——这与大脑中的“奖励”化学物质多巴胺有关)”和第二段“Eachtimewecheckamessageorseeanew“like”,ourbrainreceivesatinyburstofdopamine.Overtime,somepeople’sbrainsbecomehighlysensitivetothesesmallrewardsandstartto“ask”forthemmorefrequently.Inthesepeople,researchersreport,thereappeartobemoredopamine-releasingcellsincertainbrainareas—meaningthattheirbrainsmayreleasedopaminemoreeasilyinresponsetodigitalsignals,keepingthemdependentoncheckingtheirphones.(每次我们查看一条消息或看到一个新的“点赞”时，大脑都会释放出一小股多巴胺。久而久之，有些人的大脑会对这些微小奖励变得高度敏感，并开始更频繁地“索要”它们。研究人员指出，这类人的某些大脑区域中，多巴胺分泌细胞似乎更多——这意味着他们的大脑更容易对电子信号做出反应、释放多巴胺，从而让他们对频繁查看手机形成依赖)”可知，微量化学物质多巴胺在人们手机成瘾中起关键作用。故选C项。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sheandherteamfocusedonapartofthebrainlinkedtohabit-formingbehavior.Brainscansshowedthatfrequentphonecheckershadstrongerconnectionsbetweenthisareaandtheregionsthatprocessvisualnotifications,suchasscreenlightsandmessageicons.(她和团队聚焦于大脑中与养成习惯行为相关的区域。脑部扫描显示，频繁查看手机的人，该区域与处理视觉通知（如屏幕灯光、消息图标）的区域之间联系更紧密)”可知，刘的研究主要关注大脑中负责习惯养成和处理通知的区域。故选B项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Healsosuggeststhatfuturetreatmentsmightincludebothcounselingandsimplechangesinphonedesign,suchaslimitingnotifications,tohelplowerthebrain’srepeateddopamineresponse.(他还表示，未来的治疗方法可能包括心理咨询和简单的手机设计调整，比如限制通知，以帮助降低大脑反复的多巴胺反应)”可知，改变手机设置属于未来治疗方案之一。故选C项。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Anewstudysuggestsabiologicalexplanationforwhycertainpeoplefinditespeciallyhardtoputtheirphonesdown—itinvolvesdopamine,thebrain’s“reward”chemical.(一项新研究为某些人特别难以放下手机提供了生物学解释——这与大脑中的“奖励”化学物质多巴胺有关)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要从大脑层面解释人们频繁查看手机的行为。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SwimSafely!Swimmingisgreatexercise,andatriptoapoolorbeachisagoodwaytohavefunwithfriendsinsummer.____36____,soit’simportanttostaysafeasyoudoit.Hereareafewthingsyoucandotoswimsafely.____37____.Don’tswimunlessthereisalifeguard(救生员)atwork.Ifyou’reonabeachneartheocean,thisisespeciallyimportant.Insomeplacesfast-flowingwatercanmoveswimmersawaywithoutwarning.Soifasignsays“noswimming”,whichmeansnoswimmingisallowed,payattentiontoit.Becarefulwhendiving(跳水)intothewater.____38____.Butinnaturalwater,don’tdiveunlessyouknowthatthewaterisdeepenough.Oryoucouldhurtyourheadonthebottom,causinginjuryordeath.Aroundwater,adultsshouldwatchchildrenatalltimestomakesuretheyaresafe.Thosewhodon’tknowhowtoswimshouldwearlifejackets.Butbythemselvestheyarenotenough,soanadultshouldalwaysbepresent.Ifyouhavetorescueachildfromdrowning(溺水),afewsecondscanmakeabigdifference.Makesureyouhaveafriendwithyouwheneveryouswim.____39____,thatpersoncanmakesureyougethelp.Drinkalotofwater.Thesun’sheatandthephysicalactivitymaymakeyousweat(出汗)morethanyourealize.Byfollowingthesesimplerules,youcanmakesureyourswimmingtimeissafeaswellasfun.____40____!A.ThatwayifsomethingbadhappensB.SwimonlyinsafeareaswhereswimmingisallowedC.MakesureeveryoneinyourfamilyswimswellD.ButsometimesswimmingcanalsobeverydangerousE.Thenyoucangetoutthere,andenjoythewater!F.ManychildrenwhodrownedinhomepoolswereoutofsightwithinminutesG.Mostpoolshavemarkeddeependswheredivingissafe【答案】36.D37.B38.G39.A40.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述游泳是一种很好的运动，不过需要注意安全，列举了一些安全游泳的措施。【36题详析】根据上文“Swimmingisgreatexercise,andatriptoapoolorbeachisagoodwaytohavefunwithfriendsinsummer.(游泳是一项很好的运动，夏天去游泳池或海滩是和朋友们一起玩乐的好方法)”以及后文“soit’simportanttostaysafeasyoudoit(所以游泳时保持安全很重要)”可知，此空是一个表示转折的句子，说明游泳虽然很好，但是也存在危险，选项D“Butsometimesswimmingcanalsobeverydangerous(但有时游泳也会很危险)”符合语境。故选D。【37题详析】此空为段落主题句；根据后文“Don’tswimunlessthereisalifeguard(救生员)atwork.Ifyou’reonabeachneartheocean,thisisespeciallyimportant.Insomeplacesfast-flowingwatercanmoveswimmersawaywithoutwarning.Soifasignsays“noswimming”,whichmeansnoswimmingisallowed,payattentiontoit.(除非有救生员在工作，否则不要游泳。如果你在靠近大海的海滩上，这一点尤为重要。在一些地方，湍急的水流会毫无预警地把游泳者卷走。因此，如果有标识写着‘禁止游泳’，这意味着不允许游泳，就一定要留意。)”可知，本段主要阐述只在允许的安全区域游泳，选项B“Swimonlyinsafeareaswhereswimmingisallowed(只在允许游泳的安全区域里游泳)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为主题句。故选B。【38题详析】根据上文“Becarefulwhendiving(跳水)intothewater.(跳水时要小心)”和后文“Butinnaturalwater,don’tdiveunlessyouknowthatthewaterisdeepenough.(但是在自然水域中，除非你知道水足够深，否则不要跳水)”可知，此空应该是在说跳水的安全区域，与下文构成转折关系，且与自然水域相对，选项G“Mostpoolshavemarkeddeependswheredivingissafe(大多数游泳池都有标记的深水区，在那里跳水是安全的)”符合语境。故选G。【39题详析】根据上文“Makesureyouhaveafriendwithyouwheneveryouswim.(无论何时游泳，都要确保有朋友陪伴)”以及后文“thatpersoncanmakesureyougethelp(那个人可以确保你得到帮助)”可知，此处指游泳时如果出了问题，有朋友在身边可以帮忙，选项A“Thatwayifsomethingbadhappens(这样，如果出了什么问题)”符合语境，选项中的“Thatway”指代上文中的“haveafriendwithyouwheneveryouswim”。故选A。【40题详析】此处是全文结尾；上文“Byfollowingthesesimplerules,youcanmakesureyourswimmingtimeissafeaswellasfun.(遵循这些简单的规则，你可以确保你的游泳时间既安全又有趣)”说明遵守规则就能安全快乐地游泳，选项E“Thenyoucangetoutthere,andenjoythewater!(现在出去享受水吧)”承接上文，指出遵守上文所讲述的安全规则后，就可以去游泳，享受水的乐趣，符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。NatalieMay,asenioratEastKentwoodHighSchool,wasclearingtablesduringherrestaurantshift(轮班)whenasudden____41____broketheday.“Help!He’schoking(噎住)!”awomanshouted,____42____herhusband.Withoutasecondthought,May____43____over.Justdaysbefore,shehadpracticedtheHeimlichmaneuver(海姆利克急救法)inherschool’s____44____class,earningherCPRcertification.Butthetrainingdummy(假人)feltnothinglikethis—theman,namedJoe,was____45____,hisfaceturningpale.May’sco-workerlatertoldothers,“Hewassobig.Hiswifecouldn’tevenreacharoundhim.”ButthelittlegirlMaydidn’t____46____.ShepositionedherselfbehindJoe,wrappedherarmsaroundhis____47____,andappliedfirmupwardthrusts(推力).Afterafewtenseseconds,thefood____48____cameout.“Thankyou...Yousavedme,”hesaid____49____,withcleargratitudeinhiseyes.May,____50____,repliedsoftly,“IjustdidwhatIlearnedinclass.”Therestaurantsoon____51____thestoryonlinewithaphotoofMayandJoe,titledPerfecttiming—thisweek’slessonbecameareal-life____52____.Herschoolalsohonoredher,praisinghercalmnessandquickaction.May____53____afterward,“ItwasemotionalandshockingthatIcould____54____someonesomuchbiggerthanme.Butinthatmoment,helpjusttookover.”Herstoryisapowerfulreminderthatknowledgegainedintheclassroomcan____55____farbeyondit—preparingusnotjustfortests,butformomentsthattrulymatter.41.A.shout B.laughter C.noise D.alarm42.A.listeningto B.pointingat C.smilingat D.speakingto43.A.fell B.bent C.walked D.rushed44.A.science B.health C.labour D.art45.A.struggling B.blowing C.observing D.screaming46.A.appear B.regret C.hesitate D.react47.A.throat B.waist C.head D.legs48.A.cooked B.eaten C.stuck D.frozen49.A.weakly B.quickly C.sadly D.quietly50.A.annoyed B.disappointed C.confused D.tired51.A.heard B.selected C.exchanged D.posted52.A.discussion B.practice C.problem D.game53.A.argued B.insisted C.recalled D.shouted54.A.guide B.greet C.follow D.save55.A.leave B.remind C.extend D.prevent【答案】41.A42.B43.D4