广东省大湾区2025-2026学年下学期名校共同体第二次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省大湾区2025-2026学年下学期名校共同体第二次模拟考试英语试题第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMostpasswordsarestillweak.AstudybySpecopsfoundthat98.5%ofreal-worldpasswordsareobjectivelyweak.Only1.5%ofpasswordsmadeitintothe“strong”zone,definedasbeingatleast15characterslongandusingtwoormorecharactertypes.Only3.3%ofpasswordswerelongerthan15characters.Thismeansthatmostpasswordscanbecrackedquicklyusinginexpensivepowerfulcomputertools.Themostcommonpasswordswereeightcharacterslongwithjusttwocharactertypes,suchas“Summer22”or“Office99”.About8%ofallpasswordsfellintothisdangerouslybasiczone.Closebehindwereeight-characterpasswordswithonlyonecharactertype,mostoftenlettersalone,andinmanycaseslowercaselettersonly.Theseaccountedforanother7.6%ofallpasswords.Whenpasswordlengthisheldconstant,securitydependslargelyonthevarietyofcharactersused.Thetablebelowillustratesthiseffect.CharactersetSizeofsetTotalcombinationsHowlongtocrack?15characterspasswordoflowercaseonly(a-z)262615~1.68×1021Easilycrackedwithpowerfultoolsindaysorweeks15characterspasswordoflowercase+uppercase(a-z,A-Z)525215~2.53×1025Muchhardertocrack,butstillpossibleovertime15characterspasswordofalphanumeric(a-z,A-Z,0-9)626215~7.70×1026Verystrongpasswordsformostpracticalusecases15characterspasswordofallprintablecharacters(a-z,A-Z,0-9,symbols)949415~2.25×1029NearlyimpossibletocrackInadditiontocharactervariety,passwordlengthalsoplaysanimportantroleinsecurity.Usingpasswordsof16to20characterswithatleasttwodifferentcharactertypes-letters,numbers,orsymbols-pushesthenumberofpossiblecombinationsintothetrillions.Evenhigh-endcrackingfarmswouldtakeyearsorcenturiestobreakthem.Inreality,however,weakpasswordsarestillverycommon.AsDarrenJames,SeniorProductManageratSpecops,notes,“Manyusersarestilllow-hangingfruitforonlinethieves,whocancracktheirpasswordsinseconds.”1.Whatpercentageofpasswordsarethemostcommontype?A.1.5%. B.3.3%. C.7.6%. D.8%.2.Whatisthemainfactorthetablecompares?A.Thesizeofset. B.Useofletters.C.Thecrackingmethod. D.Passwordlength.3.WhydoestheauthorquoteDarrenJames?A.Tointroducehiscompany. B.Towarntheonlinethieves.C.Tostresstheworryingreality. D.Tocriticizeusersforpoorchoices.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文字介绍一项研究，研究显示绝大多数现实密码强度很弱，仅少数符合强密码标准。密码长度与字符种类决定安全性，弱密码极易被破解，用户账号仍面临巨大风险。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Themostcommonpasswordswereeightcharacterslongwithjusttwocharactertypes,suchas“Summer22”or“Office99”.About8%ofallpasswordsfellintothisdangerouslybasiczone.(最常见的密码长度均为8个字符，且仅包含两种字符类型，例如“Summer22”或“Office99”。约8%的所有密码都处于这种极其简单的危险区域)”可知，最常见的密码占密码总数的百分比的8%。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenpasswordlengthisheldconstant,securitydependslargelyonthevarietyofcharactersused.Thetablebelowillustratesthiseffect.(当密码长度保持不变时，安全性主要取决于所使用的字符种类的多样性。下面的表格说明了这一现象)”以及表格第一列：Characterset，第二列：Sizeofset，可知，整表都是在对比：不同字符集大小→组合数多少→破解时间。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inreality,however,weakpasswordsarestillverycommon.AsDarrenJames,SeniorProductManageratSpecops,notes,“Manyusersarestilllow-hangingfruitforonlinethieves,whocancracktheirpasswordsinseconds.”(然而实际上，弱密码仍然非常常见。正如Specops公司的高级产品经理达伦·詹姆斯所指出的那样：“许多用户仍然是网络窃贼容易下手的目标，他们能在几秒钟内破解这些密码。”)”可知，作者引用达伦·詹姆斯的话以强调这一令人担忧的现实。故选C。BDearMom,It’sme,FaisalAbdullahMalik,yoursonfromPakistan,whocrossedtheborderforahearttransplant.Yousavedmylifeadecadeagobymakingadecisionthatonlyamotherasextraordinaryasyoucouldmake.On26December2014,bothourliveschangedforever.Karthick,yourbelovedson,wasbroughttoTirupurGovernmentHospital,nearCoimbatore,insouthernIndia,afteratragicroadaccident.HewaslatertransferredtoG.KuppusamyNaiduMemorial(GKNM)Hospital.Whenthedoctorsdeclaredhimbraindead,youhadtofacetheunthinkable,holdinghishand,sayingyoursilentgoodbyes.Inthedepthsofthatunimaginablegrief,Mom,youmadeachoicethatspeaksofboundlesscourageandselflessness.YounotonlygavemeKarthick’sheartbutalsodonatedfiveotherorgans,givingthegiftoflifetosixstrangers.Youmadethisdifficultdecisionwithouteverquestioningtherace,religion,ornationality.Yourdecisionwassolelyaboutsavinglives.Today,asafatheroftwogrowingchildren,Icantrulyunderstandthemagnitudeofyoursacrifice.Icanonlyimaginethestormofemotionsyoumusthavebattled.Didyouquestionifitwastherightdecision?Didyoufearitwastoomuchtobear?Andyet,inthedarkesthourofyourlife,youchoselifeforothers.Youchosehope.IknowKarthickmustbesoproudofyou,asamI,Mom.Iamalivetodaybecauseofyourstrength.Tearingapartthepoliticaldivide,Ihavelongedtomeetyou,Mom.IhavetravelledtoChennaiseveraltimessincereceivingKarthick’sheart,alwayshopingtosomehowfindawaytoCoimbatore.ButmymedicalvisarestrictsmefromtravellingoutsideChennai.YoumightbewonderingwhyIdon’tevencallyou?Namesofdonorsandrecipientsarekeptconfidential,andIfeelhelpless.AllahtellsusinTheQur’an,“Whoeversavesalife,itisasiftheysavedallofhumanity.”Mom,youembodyit.Iloveyou,Mom,foreverandalways.Yoursalways,Faisal4.WhatcanwelearnaboutKarthickfromthetext?A.Hedonatedallhisorganstosixstrangers. B.HereceivedtreatmentinGKNMHospital.C.Hediedimmediatelyintheroadaccident. D.Hewasamanofcourageandselflessness.5.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethemother?A.Nobleandopen-minded. B.Friendlyandhard-working.C.Loyalandstrong-willed. D.Modestandwarm-hearted.6.WhydidFaisalfeel“helpless”intheletter?A.Hispoorhealthpreventedhistraveling. B.HelosttouchwithhismotherinIndia.C.Hewaslimitedinhistravelandcontact. D.Thegovernmentbannedbordercrossing.7.Whatistheauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthisletter?A.Toaskformedicalassistance. B.Toadvocatefororgandonation.C.Torecordhistransplantexperience. D.Toexpresshissinceregratitude.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。巴基斯坦男子FaisalAbdullahMalik写信给一位印度母亲，感谢她十年前在痛失爱子Karthick后，毅然决定捐献儿子器官，使包括Faisal在内的六人重获新生。信中表达了Faisal对这位母亲无私大爱的深深感激，以及因签证限制无法亲自登门致谢的遗憾。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Karthick,yourbelovedson,wasbroughttoTirupurGovernmentHospital,nearCoimbatore,insouthernIndia,afteratragicroadaccident.HewaslatertransferredtoG.KuppusamyNaiduMemorial(GKNM)Hospital.(Karthick，您心爱的儿子，在一场悲惨的交通事故后被送往了印度南部Coimbatore附近蒂鲁普尔的政府医院。之后，他又被转至古·库普苏马·奈杜纪念医院（GKNM医院）)”可知，Karthick在GKNM医院接受过治疗。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Inthedepthsofthatunimaginablegrief,Mom,youmadeachoicethatspeaksofboundlesscourageandselflessness.(在那难以想象的悲痛深渊中，妈妈，您做出了一个彰显无限勇气与无私的选择)”及“Youmadethisdifficultdecisionwithouteverquestioningtherace,religion,ornationality.(您做出这一艰难决定时，从未质疑过受捐者的种族、宗教或国籍)”可推知，这位母亲既高尚又思想开明，跨越国界与宗教藩篱拯救生命。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“ButmymedicalvisarestrictsmefromtravellingoutsideChennai.(但我的医疗签证限制了我，使我无法前往金奈以外的地方)”及“Namesofdonorsandrecipientsarekeptconfidential,andIfeelhelpless.(捐献者与受捐者的姓名是保密的，这让我感到无助)”可知，Faisal的无助源于双重限制：旅行范围受限（签证限制）以及联系方式受限（信息保密）。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，特别是开篇“Yousavedmylifeadecadeagobymakingadecisionthatonlyamotherasextraordinaryasyoucouldmake.(十年前，是您做出了一个只有像您这样非凡的母亲才会做出的决定，从而救了我的命)”以及结尾“Iloveyou,Mom,foreverandalways.(妈妈，我永远爱您)”可知，本文是一封饱含深情的感谢信，核心目的是向这位印度母亲表达真挚谢意。故选D。CAstudyledbyProfessorMichaelT.Frenchshowsthatthereisastrongconnectionbetweenhighschoolgradesandhowmuchmoneypeopleearnlaterinlife.Theresearch,whichwaspublishedintheEasternEconomicJournal,foundthateachadditionalpointonahighschoolgradepointaverage(GPA)canincreaseaperson’searningsbyabout12%formenand14%forwomenwhentheybecomeadults.Previousresearchhasalreadyshownthathigherlevelsofeducationareconnectedtohigherearnings,buttheexactrelationshipbetweenhighschoolgradesandincomewasn’twellunderstood.Frenchnotesthatwhilegoodgradesareimportantforgettingintocollege,thisstudyisthefirsttoshowtheirimpactonhowmuchmoneypeoplemakelaterinlife.ThestudyusedinformationfromtheNationalLongitudinalSurveyofAdolescentHealth,lookingattherecords,demographics(人口特征),andbackgroundsofover10,000people.Theireducationalbackgroundandincomewerecheckedwhentheparticipantswerebetween24and34yearsold,whichwasabouttenyearsaftertheyfinishedhighschool.ThestudylookedatdataformenandwomenseparatelyandfoundthatwomengenerallyhavehigherhighschoolGPAs,butmenearnmoremoneyeachyear.However,nomatterthegender,ahigherGPAmakesittwiceaslikelyforsomeonetofinishcollege.It’salsointerestingtonotethatwithoutconsideringGPAandotherperformancemeasures,studentsfromdisadvantagedbackgroundsseemtohavelowerlevelsofeducationcomparedtotheirpeers(同龄人).However,whenthesefactorsareincluded,thesegroupsofstudentsachievehigherlevelsofeducationiftheyhavesimilarhighschoolGPAstotheirpeers.Thiscouldbebecausestudentswithgoodgrades,regardlessoftheirinitialsocioeconomicstatus,aremoremotivatedtogotocollege.Byunderstandingtheimportanceofhighschoolperformance,teachersandcounselors(辅导员)canhelpstudentsseehowitaffectsboththeirshort-termgoalslikegettingintocollegeandtheirlong-termgoalslikehowmuchthey’llearnasadults.Thefindingsoftheresearchareimportantforpolicymakersandeducatorswhowanttohelpstudentssucceed.8.WhatisthemainvalueofFrench’sstudy?A.Provingthevalueofhighereducation. B.MeasuringGPA’seffectonfutureincome.C.Findingwomengethighergradesthanmen. D.Usingalargenationalsurveyforresearch.9.Whatisparagraph4intendedtodo?A.Toquestionthereliabilityofthedata. B.Tostressthegreatimportanceofcollege.C.Tofocusontheissueofgenderinequality. D.Topresenttwokeyfindingsofthestudy.10.Whatissuggestedaboutdisadvantagedstudentswithgoodgrades?A.Theylackthedrivetoattendcollege. B.TheirGPAsshouldbeassesseddifferently.C.Theycanachieveeducationalsuccessequally. D.Theirfamilybackgroundstillholdsthemback.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheGenderGapinGradesandIncome B.FinancialBackgroundAffectsAchievementC.HighSchoolGradesmatterforFutureEarnings D.AStudyonEducationEqualityandCareerSuccess【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项研究发现高中成绩与未来收入密切相关，GPA越高收入往往越高，且不受家庭背景影响。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Frenchnotesthatwhilegoodgradesareimportantforgettingintocollege,thisstudyisthefirsttoshowtheirimpactonhowmuchmoneypeoplemakelaterinlife.(弗伦奇指出，虽然好成绩对考上大学很重要，但这项研究首次证明了它们对人们日后收入的影响。)”可知，该研究的主要价值是衡量GPA对未来收入的影响。故选B项。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“ThestudylookedatdataformenandwomenseparatelyandfoundthatwomengenerallyhavehigherhighschoolGPAs,butmenearnmoremoneyeachyear.However,nomatterthegender,ahigherGPAmakesittwiceaslikelyforsomeonetofinishcollege.(该研究分别分析了男性和女性的数据，发现女性通常高中GPA更高，但男性每年挣得更多。然而，无论性别如何，更高的GPA使一个人完成大学学业的可能性翻倍。)”可知，本段旨在呈现该研究的两个关键发现。故选D项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“However,whenthesefactorsareincluded,thesegroupsofstudentsachievehigherlevelsofeducationiftheyhavesimilarhighschoolGPAstotheirpeers.(然而，当把这些因素考虑在内时，如果这些学生的高中GPA与同龄人相似，他们就能获得更高的教育水平。)”可知，成绩好的弱势学生同样可以取得学业上的成功。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“AstudyledbyProfessorMichaelT.Frenchshowsthatthereisastrongconnectionbetweenhighschoolgradesandhowmuchmoneypeopleearnlaterinlife.(迈克尔·T·弗伦奇教授领导的一项研究表明，高中成绩与人们日后的收入之间存在密切联系。)”可知，文章主要说明高中成绩对未来收入很重要，标题“HighSchoolGradesMatterforFutureEarnings(高中成绩对未来收入很重要)”直接点明了文章探讨的高中成绩与收入的核心因果关联，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。DPoetandHarvardProfessorHenryWadsworthLongfellowfamouslysaid,“Musicistheuniversallanguageofmankind.”AnewHarvardstudysuggestshemayhavebeenright.Thestudyconductedbyaresearchteamfoundthatpeoplearoundtheworldcouldidentifylullabies(摇篮曲),dancesongs,andcomfortingsongs—regardlessofthesongs’culturalorigin—afterhearingjusta14-secondclip(片段).Thefindingsuggeststhatnotonlyismusicdeeplyrootedinhumannature,butthatsometypesofsongsbreakculturalboundaries.Thefindingsarebasedonawide-reachingexperimentinwhich750onlineparticipantsin60countrieslistenedtobriefclipsofsongscollectedfromnearly90smallsocietiesaroundtheworld,includinghunter-gatherersandsomespecialfarmers.Participantsthenansweredsixquestions,ratingeachclipaccordingtowhethertheybelievedthesongwasusedfordancing,calmingababy,treatingillness,orexpressinglove.Twoadditionaluses—mourning(哀悼)thedeadandtellingastory—wereincludedascontrols.Thedatashowedthatdespiteparticipants’unfamiliaritywiththecultures,therandomsamplingofeachsong,andtheshortdurationofthesamples,peoplewereabletoreliablyinferthesongs’functions,andthattheirratingswereconsistentacrosstheworld.Thefindingsrancountertoexpertexpectations.Theteamhadalsoaskedprofessionals,includingperformers,composers,psychologists,andscientistsaboutwhethertheybelievedpeoplewouldbeabletoidentifythesongtypes.Theiranswerwasno.Andnotonlythat,buttheypredictedthatpeople’sresponseswillbeinconsistentwithoneanother.“That’snotwhatwefound,”theresearcherssaid.Theresearchersalsowantedtoknowwhetherlistenerswererecognizingcertainnon-musicalcharacteristicsofthesongs.Totestthat,theteamconductedasecondstudy.Thistime,theyaskedlistenersaboutanumberofcontextualandmusicalfeatures,rangingfromthegenderofthesingerstotherhythmofthesong.Whendatafromthetwostudieswerecombined,theresultsshowedthatsongsofthesamefunctionsharedsimilarcharacteristics—lullabies,forexample,tendedtobeslowerandsimplerthandancemusic—suggestingthatsomethingaboutmusicalcharacteristicscrossesculturalboundaries.12.Whatdidtheparticipantsdointhefirststudy?A.Theydistinguishedfunctionsofthesongs.B.Theyidentifiedtheculturaloriginsofthesongs.C.Theyrecognizedthenon-musicalcharacteristicsofthesongs.D.Theysortedthesongsaccordingtothegenderofthesingers.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“rancounterto”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Wereequalto. B.Weresimilarto.C.Weresuperiorto. D.Wereoppositeto.14.Whydidtheresearcherscarryoutthesecondstudy?A.Totestthemusicalknowledgeofawideraudience.B.Tocollectmorediversesongsfromvariouscultures.C.Toconfirmthesurprisingresultsfromthefirstone.D.Toexploretheunderlyingreasonsbehindthefindings.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthetwostudies?A.Listenersrecognizemusicbyitsrhythm. B.Somethingaboutmusicmightbeuniversal.C.Dancemusicisusuallyslowerandsimpler. D.Culturalsimilaritiesleadtosimilarmusicalfeatures.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了哈佛大学的一项新研究表明，尽管文化背景不同，但人们能识别出不同功能歌曲的共性，音乐可能有共性。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Participantsthenansweredsixquestions,ratingeachclipaccordingtowhethertheybelievedthesongwasusedfordancing,calmingababy,treatingillness,orexpressinglove.(参与者随后回答了六个问题，根据他们认为歌曲是用于跳舞、安抚婴儿、治疗疾病还是表达爱意，对每个片段进行评分)”可知，在第一个研究中，参与者要区分歌曲的功能。故选A。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Thedatashowedthatdespiteparticipants’unfamiliaritywiththecultures,therandomsamplingofeachsong,andtheshortdurationofthesamples,peoplewereabletoreliablyinferthesongs’functions,andthattheirratingswereconsistentacrosstheworld.(数据显示，尽管参与者对这些文化并不熟悉，每首歌曲都是随机选取的，且样本持续时间很短，但人们仍能够可靠地推断出歌曲的功能，而且他们的评分在全球范围内是一致的)”、第五段中“Thefindingsrancountertoexpertexpectations.Theteamhadalsoaskedprofessionals,includingperformers,composers,psychologists,andscientistsaboutwhethertheybelievedpeoplewouldbeabletoidentifythesongtypes.Theiranswerwasno.Andnotonlythat,buttheypredictedthatpeople’sresponseswillbeinconsistentwithoneanother.“That’snotwhatwefound,”theresearcherssaid.(这一发现rancounterto专家们的预期。研究团队还询问了包括表演者、作曲家、心理学家和科学家在内的专业人士，他们是否认为人们能够识别出歌曲类型。他们的回答是否定的。不仅如此，他们还预测人们的回答会相互不一致。“这并非我们的发现，”研究人员说道)”可知，研究结果与专家预期相反，所以rancounterto意思是“与……相反”。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Theresearchersalsowantedtoknowwhetherlistenerswererecognizingcertainnon-musicalcharacteristicsofthesongs.Totestthat,theteamconductedasecondstudy.(研究人员还想知道听众是否通过歌曲的某些非音乐特征来识别。为了验证这一点，团队开展了第二项研究)”可知，研究人员进行第二项研究是为了探索研究结果背后的潜在原因。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“PoetandHarvardProfessorHenryWadsworthLongfellowfamouslysaid,“Musicistheuniversallanguageofmankind.”AnewHarvardstudysuggestshemayhavebeenright.(诗人、哈佛大学教授亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗曾说过一句名言：“音乐是人类通用的语言。”哈佛大学的一项新研究表明，他可能是对的)”以及最后一段中“Whendatafromthetwostudieswerecombined,theresultsshowedthatsongsofthesamefunctionsharedsimilarcharacteristics—lullabies,forexample,tendedtobeslowerandsimplerthandancemusic—suggestingthatsomethingaboutmusicalcharacteristicscrossesculturalboundaries.(当两项研究的数据结合起来时，结果显示，功能相同的歌曲具有相似的特征——例如，摇篮曲往往比舞曲更慢、更简单——这表明音乐特征的一些方面跨越了文化界限)”可知，这两项研究告诉我们音乐的一些方面可能是普遍的。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Duringthejourneyofachievingsuccess,everyoneoftenencountersobstaclesthattesttheirdetermination.Adversityisanunavoidablepartoflife,buttheabilitytomanageitsetsindividualsapart.ThisabilityisoftenreferredtoasAdversityQuotient(AQ).____16____WhileIQandEQfocusoncognitiveandemotionalabilities,AQfocusesonone’scapacitytobouncebackfromfailure.Fortunately,researcherssuggestthatyourAQisnotfixedandcanbestrengthenedthroughseveralkeystrategies.CultivateagrowthmindsetAgrowthmindsetisthebeliefthatyourabilitiescanbedevelopedthroughdedicationandhardwork.Insteadofseeingchallengesasunbeatablebarriers,youshouldviewthemaschancestoimprove.____17____.Byfocusingonlearningandperseverance,individualscansignificantlyenhancetheirAdversityQuotient.Thisshiftinthinkingallowspeopletoseethemselvesasactiveparticipantsintheirgrowthratherthanpassivevictims.____18____Havingastrongsupportnetworkiscrucialintimesofadversity.Surroundingyourselfwithpositiveindividualscanprovideencouragementandguidance.Sharingexperiencesandlookingforsupportfromotherswhohavefacedsimilarchallengescanhelpinbuildingresilienceandenhancingyouradaptability.Knowingyouarenotaloneoftenprovidestheextrastrengthneededtokeepmovingforward.LearnfromeverysetbackEveryfailurepresentsanopportunityforlearningandgrowth.____19____.Reflectingonpastexperiencesandidentifyingareasforimprovementcancontributetothedevelopmentofyourresilience.Thishabitpreventsindividualsfrombeingfrozenbythefearofmakingmistakesagain.____20____.Withtherightmindset,strongexternalsupport,andahabitofreflectingonsetbacks,anyonecannavigatelife’sstormsandemergestrongerthanbefore.Resilience,afterall,isnotaboutneverfalling,butabouthowquicklyyougetbackup.A.LeanonareliablecommunityB.ExpandyoursocialconnectionC.FocusingonthenegativesideofacrisisisanaturaltendencyD.ThisinternalperspectiveactsasaguidethroughhardshipE.HighAQindividualsactivelydrawlessonsfromtheirfailuresF.Itservesasapracticaltooltoevaluateone’sfuturepotentialG.Embracingtheseshiftsinattitudewillleadtolastinggrowth:【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.E20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在追求成功的道路上，逆境商数（AQ）的重要性以及如何通过培养成长型思维、依靠可靠团体、从失败中学习等策略来提高AQ。【16题详析】上文“ThisabilityisoftenreferredtoasAdversityQuotient(AQ).(这种能力通常被称为逆境商数（AQ）)”引出逆商AQ这一概念。空后“WhileIQandEQfocusoncognitiveandemotionalabilities,AQfocusesonone’scapacitytobouncebackfromfailure.(虽然智商和情商侧重认知与情感能力，但逆商侧重人从失败中恢复过来、重新振作的能力)”对比IQ、EQ与AQ的不同。空处承接上文，继续介绍AQ的作用。选项F“Itservesasapracticaltooltoevaluateone’sfuturepotential(它是一种评估一个人未来潜力的实用工具)”符合语境。F选项中的“It”指代前文的“AQ”，进一步阐述了AQ的作用，与后文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选F。【17题详析】上文“Insteadofseeingchallengesasunbeatablebarriers,youshouldviewthemaschancestoimprove.(不要把挑战看作是不可战胜的障碍，而应该把它们看作是改进的机会)”阐述了应如何看待挑战。空后“Byfocusingonlearningandperseverance,individualscansignificantlyenhancetheirAdversityQuotient.(通过专注于学习和坚持，个人可以显著提高他们的逆境商数)”说明采取正确看待挑战的方式后带来的结果。空处承接上文，需说明这种看待挑战的内部视角的作用。选项D“Thisinternalperspectiveactsasaguidethroughhardship(这种内部视角在困难中起到指引作用)”符合语境。D选项中的“Thisinternalperspective”指代前文把挑战看作改进机会的这种看待方式，说明了这种视角在应对困难时的作用，与后文通过这种方式提高逆境商数的内容相呼应，逻辑连贯。故选D。【18题详析】后文“Havingastrongsupportnetworkiscrucialintimesofadversity.Surroundingyourselfwithpositiveindividualscanprovideencouragementandguidance.(在逆境中，拥有一个强大的支持网络是至关重要的。与积极的人在一起可以提供鼓励和指导)”强调了拥有强大支持网络的重要性。空处作为段落主题句，应概括这一核心内容。选项A“Leanonareliablecommunity(依靠一个可靠的团体)”符合语境。A选项直接点明了要依靠可靠的团体，与后文提到的拥有强大支持网络以及与积极的人在一起等内容相契合，能够很好地概括段落主旨。故选A。【19题详析】上文“Everyfailurepresentsanopportunityforlearningandgrowth.(每一次失败都是学习和成长的机会)”表明失败具有积极意义。空后“Reflectingonpastexperiencesandidentifyingareasforimprovementcancontributetothedevelopmentofyourresilience.(反思过去的经历并找出需要改进的地方有助于培养你的韧性)”说明反思失败对培养韧性的作用。空处承接上文，需说明高逆商的人在面对失败时的做法。选项E“HighAQindividualsactivelydrawlessonsfromtheirfailures(高逆商的人会积极从失败中吸取教训)”符合语境。E选项中的“HighAQindividuals”与上下文讨论的逆商相关，且说明了高逆商的人会积极从失败中学习，与后文反思失败培养韧性的内容相呼应，进一步阐述了面对失败时的正确做法。故选E。【20题详析】上文分别从培养成长型思维、依靠可靠团体、从失败中学习等方面阐述了提高逆商的方法。空后“Withtherightmindset,strongexternalsupport,andahabitofreflectingonsetbacks,anyonecannavigatelife’sstormsandemergestrongerthanbefore.(有了正确的心态、强大的外部支持和反思挫折的习惯，任何人都能驾驭生活的风暴，比以前更强大)”总结了采取这些方法后的积极结果。空处承接上文，需说明接受这些态度转变带来的影响。选项G“Embracingtheseshiftsinattitudewillleadtolastinggrowth(接受这些态度的转变将带来持久的成长)”符合语境。G选项中的“theseshiftsinattitude”指代前文提到的培养成长型思维等态度的转变，说明了接受这些转变会带来持久的成长，与后文能够驾驭生活风暴、变得更强大的内容相呼应，逻辑合理。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mydadis68andonafixedincome.Heistoo____21____toaskforhelp,butIknowmoneyistight.Yesterday,Iwentgroceryshoppingwithhim.Hespenttwentyminutes____22____everythinginhishead,choosinggenericbrandsand____23____itemsback—doingthatmathmygenerationdoesn’thavetodoanymore.Atcheckout,hiscard____24____.Hewasn’tevensurprised;hejustquietlyaskedthecashiertoremoveitemsuntilthetotal____25____worked.Thewomanbehindusinline,whodidn’tlook____26____atall,suddenly____27____andsaid,“Ringitalluponmine.”Mydadrefused.Butthewoman____28____.Herefusedharder,hisfaceturningslightlyred.Shelookedhim____29____intheeyeandsaid,“Sir,someonedidthisformyfamilywhenIwas7yearsold.Irememberhow____30____itmademydadfeeltobeunabletoprovide.ButIalsorememberhowweatethatweek.Letmepayitforward.Youcanpaymebackbydoingthesameforsomeoneelsewhenyouare____31____”Shepaid$83forhisgroceriesand____32____togivehername.Shejustremarkedthathisturnwouldcomeandleft.Mydadcriedinthecar.Facedwithnumeroushardships,henever____33____inhislife,yetthatstranger’ssilentunderstandingfinallybrokethroughhisdefenses.I’mgoingtorememberthis.NexttimeIseesomeone____34____changeatcheckout,I’mgoingtobethat____35____forthem.Kindness,Irealized,isachainthatshouldneverstopmoving.21.A.tired B.proud C.lazy D.anxious22.A.calculating B.evaluating C.reviewing D.predicting23.A.taking B.putting C.throwing D.pushing24.A.worked B.disappeared C.broke D.declined25.A.eventually B.constantly C.occasionally D.suddenly26.A.healthy B.wealthy C.friendly D.lonely27.A.turnedup B.lookedaround C.steppedforward D.passedby28.A.hesitated B.wondered C.bargained D.insisted29.A.sharply B.directly C.narrowly D.fixedly30.A.small B.brave C.calm D.restless31.A.lucky B.able C.generous D.stable32.A.promised B.failed C.decided D.refused33.A.tookcredit B.gaveway C.heldground D.tookflight34.A.counting B.trading C.checking D.saving35.A.cashier B.witness C.person D.hero【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.B30.A31.B32.D33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了陌生人帮助父亲结账的善举。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他太骄傲而不愿寻求帮助，但我知道钱很紧张。A.tired疲惫的；B.proud骄傲的；C.lazy懒惰的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据下文“toaskforhelp,butIknowmoneyistight”可知，家里钱很紧，但是父亲不愿接受帮助，他自尊心很强。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他花了20分钟在脑子里计算一切，选择普通品牌，把东西放回去——做我们这一代人不必再做的数学。A.calculating计算；B.evaluating评估；C.reviewing复习；D.predicting预测。根据下文“everythinginhishead,choosinggenericbrandsand______itemsback—doingthatmathmygenerationdoesn’thavetodoanymore.”可知，父亲在脑子里算账，计算要买的一切。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.taking拿；B.putting放；C.throwing扔；D.pushing推。根据上文“choosinggenericbrands”、下文“itemsback”可知，父亲选择普通品牌，把东西放回去。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：结账时，他的卡被拒了。A.worked工作；B.disappeared消失；C.broke打破；D.declined拒绝。根据下文“Hewasn’tevensurprised;hejustquietlyaskedthecashiertoremoveitemsuntilthetotal______worked.”可知，父亲平静地要求收银员把东西拿掉，能判断出父亲的卡被拒了。故选D。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他甚至没有感到惊讶；他只是平静地要求收银员把东西拿掉，直到总额最终够用。A.eventually最终；B.constantly不断地；C.occasionally偶尔；D.suddenly突然。根据下文“Hewasn’tevensurprised;hejustquietlyaskedthecashiertoremoveitems”可知，父亲的卡被拒了，父亲要求收银员把东西拿掉，直到总额最终够用。故选A。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：排在我们后面的那个女人，看起来一点也不富有，突然走上前来说：“都算在我账上。”A.healthy健康的；B.wealthy富有的；C.friendly友好的；D.lonely孤独的。根据上文“Thewomanbehindusinline,whodidn’tlook”下文“Shepaid$83forhisgroceries”可知，虽然她看起来并不富有，她主动付钱，更能体现善良。故选B。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.turnedup出现；B.lookedaround环顾四周；C.steppedforward走上前；D.passedby经过。根据上文“Thewomanbehindusinline”可知，那个女人排在作者家人的后面，走上前来说话。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是那个女人坚持。A.hesitated犹豫；B.wondered想知道；C.bargained讨价还价；D.insisted坚持。根据上文“Mydadrefused.Butthewoman”和下文“Herefusedharder,hisfaceturningslightlyred.”可知，那个女人坚持要为父亲付钱。故选D。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她直视着他的眼睛说：“先生，我7岁的时候，有人为我的家人这样做过。我记得我爸爸因为无法提供食物而感到多么渺小。但我也记得我们那一周吃了什么。让我把它传递下去。等你有能力的时候，你也可以为别人做同样的事来回报我。”A.sharply尖锐地；B.directly直接地；C.narrowly狭窄地；D.fixedly固定地。根据下文“intheeye”可知，她直视着父亲的眼睛。故选B。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.small渺小的；B.brave勇敢的；C.calm冷静的；D.restless不安的。根据下文“itmademydadfeeltobeunabletoprovide”可知，她记得她爸爸因为无法提供