广东省广州市某中学2025届高三下学期三模考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省广州市某中学2025届高三下学期三模考试英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATotrulyhelpourplanet,weneedtoconnectwithit.Andthegoodnewsisyoudon’thavetobeaqualifiedexperttosupportthecause.Herearesomeofthemanyincredibleprojectslookingforvolunteers.BigButterflyCountScheduledbetween18Julyand10Augustin2025,involvementinthisprojectrunbyButterflyConservationismoreimportantthanever,asthe2024resultsindicateasignificantdropofthesebeautifulbiodiversityindicators.Participantsareaskedtospend15minuteseverydayrecordingbutterfliestheysee,eitherviatheirwebsitetrackerorapp.Headtotojoinin.TheGreatUKWaterBlitzThistwice-a-yearcampaignfromtheFreshWaterWashaimstoassesswaterqualityacrosstheUK.Thenextonerunsfrom25-28April2025,andasksvolunteerstorecordthewaterqualityinlocalfreshwatersources.Tohelpintheupcomingcampaign,simplyregisteryourinterestat.uk/greatukwaterblitztoreceivemoreinformation,alongwithyourownwatertestingkit.TheBigGardenBirdwatchOrganisedbyRSPB,theworld’slargestgardenwildlifesurveyrunsinJanuaryeachyear,andasksvolunteerstosignuptosimplywatchtheirgardensforanhoureachday,recordingthebirdstheysee.In2024,morethan600,000peopleparticipatedintheUK,andrecordedanincredible9.7millionbirds.Visit.ukformoredetails.Nature’sCalendarThisinitiativebytheWoodlandTrustlookstotrackseasonalshiftsandpatterns,toseehowclimatechangeisaffectingourecosystems.Theeasy,three-stepprocessrequiresyoutopickaspeciesandbehaviour,decidetheareayou’rerecording,andmakeanoteontheonlinesystemofthedatesoftheseactions.Getinvolvedbyvisitingthe.uk.1.Whichprojectequipsparticipantswithtools?A.BigButterflyCount B.TheGreatUKWaterBlitzC.TheBigGardenBirdwatch D.Nature’sCalendar2.WhatisthemaingoalofNature’sCalendar?A.Toinformthepublicofseasonalshifts.B.Todemonstratebiodiversityonacalendar.C.Tomonitortheimpactsofclimatechange.D.Toprotectthewildlifelivinginyourarea.3.Whatdothefourprojectshaveincommon?A.Theytakeplaceonayearlybasis.B.Theyarelimitedtonaturereserves.C.Theycollectdatarecordedbyparticipants.D.Theyaskexpertstoguidevolunteers.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个招募志愿者的环保项目。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TheGreatUKWaterBlitz部分中“Tohelpintheupcomingcampaign,simplyregisteryourinterestat.uk/greatukwaterblitztoreceivemoreinformation,alongwithyourownwatertestingkit.(要参与即将到来的活动，只需在.uk/greatukwaterblitz网站注册，即可收到更多信息，以及你自己的水质检测工具包。)”可知，TheGreatUKWaterBlitz项目为参与者配备工具。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Nature’sCalendar部分中“ThisinitiativebytheWoodlandTrustlookstotrackseasonalshiftsandpatterns,toseehowclimatechangeisaffectingourecosystems.(林地信托基金的这项倡议旨在追踪季节变化和模式，以了解气候变化如何影响我们的生态系统。)”可知，Nature’sCalendar的主要目标是监测气候变化的影响。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据BigButterflyCount部分中“Participantsareaskedtospend15minuteseverydayrecordingbutterfliestheysee,eitherviatheirwebsitetrackerorapp.(参与者被要求每天花费15分钟，通过他们的网站追踪工具或应用程序来记录自己所看到的蝴蝶。)”、TheGreatUKWaterBlitz部分中“Thenextonerunsfrom25-28April2025,andasksvolunteerstorecordthewaterqualityinlocalfreshwatersources.(下一项活动将于2025年4月25日至28日开展，届时将邀请志愿者记录当地淡水水源的水质情况。)”；TheBigGardenBirdwatch部分中“OrganisedbyRSPB,theworld’slargestgardenwildlifesurveyrunsinJanuaryeachyear,andasksvolunteerstosignuptosimplywatchtheirgardensforanhoureachday,recordingthebirdstheysee.(该活动由英国皇家鸟类保护协会组织，这是全球规模最大的花园野生动物调查活动，每年于一月份开展，活动邀请志愿者报名参与，只需每天花一小时观察自家花园，并记录下所看到的鸟类。)”以及Nature’sCalendar部分中“Theeasy,three-stepprocessrequiresyoutopickaspeciesandbehaviour,decidetheareayou’rerecording,andmakeanoteontheonlinesystemofthedatesoftheseactions.(这个简单易行的三步流程要求你选定一个物种及其行为表现，确定要记录的区域，并在在线系统中记录下这些行为发生的日期。)”可知，这四个项目的共同之处是它们收集参与者记录的数据。故选C。BABritishwoman,Dr.Mantri,growingupinIndiastartedtonoticehisson,Dhruv,wasstrugglingwithsimplearithmeticwhenhewasinfifth-grade.Afternoticingthis,shestartedemployinganabacus(算盘)tohelphersonvisuallycomprehendmathematics.“Iwouldaskhimsomethinglike35minus13andhecouldn’tdoit.”saidDhruv’smomDr.Mantri.“Idecidedtochangethewayhelookedatnumbers,”shesaid.“Anabacusisatriedandtestedmethod,andtheEgyptiansusedthemforbuildingthepyramid.”Injustsixdayshestartedtoshowprogresswiththeabacusandwouldgoontobecomeawhizzkidwithnumbers,withevenhisclassmates’parentsreachingoutforhelp.Sheneverthoughtshewouldteachhersonusinganabacus,whichsheusedasachildinIndiaanditwasalwayshelpful.Withinsixdaysshestartedtonoticeadifferenceandseeresults.Sodramaticwastheturnaround,thatschoolstaffaskedhimtoperformwiththeabacusatanassembly,wheresomeparentsevencametoaskforadviceonusingitfortheirkids.ITspecialistDr.Mantrisaidthehumbleabacuscanbeusedforcalculationsintothetrillionsandkidsenjoylearningonitbecauseit’slikeagame.“Itbecomesaplayingtoolforyoungerchildren,foritfeelslikeagame.Ithinkthesuccesscomesbecausechildrencantouchandfeelanabacusandvisualizethem.”Sheadded.Bytheageof12,Dhruvwasgivingonlinecybersecurityseminarsandisnowpursuingacareerindatascienceandanalytics.Dhruvhasnowlandedanapprenticeship(实习)ataninternationalfirm.Duringthefour-yearapprenticeship,hewillspendonedayaweekstudyingDataScienceandArtificialIntelligenceatGlasgowCaledonianUniversity.“HeissoconfidentnowandIamsoproud,”shesaid,withDhruvadding“Idon’tthinkmyteacherswouldhaveguessedthatIwouldbefollowingacareerindatascienceatthattime.”4.WhydidDhruvhavedifficultyinlearningmathematics?A.Hewasfacedwithlanguagebarrier. B.Hedidn’tfindaproperway.C.Hesufferedfromeyesightproblems. D.Helackedacademicsupportfromthefamily.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“whizz”inparagraph2mean?A.Careful. B.Diligent. C.Outstanding. D.Struggling.6.Whydokidslikelearningonabacusaccordingtothetext?A.Theyfinditappealing. B.Theycancalculatefaster.C.Theyenjoyplayinggames. D.Theyareeagerforsuccess.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Dhruvwasaddictedtotheinternetat12.B.Dhruvisteachingdatascienceandanalyticsnow.C.Dhruvisafull-timestudentatGlasgowCaledonianUniversity.D.Dhruv’scareerchoicewasbeyondhisteachers’expectation.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述一位英国女性Mantri用算盘帮助不擅长数学的儿子取得进步的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Afternoticingthis,shestartedemployinganabacus(算盘)tohelphersonvisuallycomprehendmathematics.(注意到这一点后，她开始用算盘来帮助儿子直观地理解数学)”及第二段中“Injustsixdayshestartedtoshowprogresswiththeabacusandwouldgoontobecomeawhizzkidwithnumbers(在短短6天里，他开始在算盘方面取得进步，并成为了数字方面的能手)”可知，Dhruv五年级时在算术方面很吃力，他的妈妈用算盘来帮助他直观地理解数学，他取得了很大进步，由此可知一开始Dhruv在学习算术方面有困难是因为他没有找到合适的方法。故选B。【5题详析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Injustsixdayshestartedtoshowprogresswiththeabacus(在短短6天里，他开始在算盘方面取得进步)”及后面“withevenhisclassmates’parentsreachingoutforhelp(甚至他同学的父母都向他求助)”可知，此处指Dhruv在使用算盘后成为了数字方面的能手，whizz意为“优秀的，出色的”。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ITspecialistDr.Mantrisaidthehumbleabacuscanbeusedforcalculationsintothetrillionsandkidsenjoylearningonitbecauseit’slikeagame.“Itbecomesaplayingtoolforyoungerchildren,foritfeelslikeagame.Ithinkthesuccesscomesbecausechildrencantouchandfeelanabacusandvisualizethem.”Sheadded.(IT专家Mantri博士说，简单的算盘可以用来计算万亿，孩子们喜欢学习它，因为它就像一个游戏。‘对于年幼的孩子来说，它变成了一个游戏工具，因为它感觉像一个游戏。我认为成功的原因在于孩子们可以触摸和感觉算盘，并将其形象化。’她补充道)”可知，孩子喜欢用算盘学习是因为它就像一个游戏，对孩子来说有吸引力。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Idon’tthinkmyteacherswouldhaveguessedthatIwouldbefollowingacareerindatascienceatthattime.(我认为我的老师当时不会想到我会从事数据科学的职业)”可知，Dhruv的职业选择超出了老师的预期。故选D。CYouleanbackfromthedinnertable,feelinglikeyouphysicallycouldn’tfitanotherbite.Butthensomeoneofferspieandyoujustcan’tsayno.Scientistshavenowidentifiedtheneurons(神经元)behindthe“dessertstomach”phenomenon.Intheirstudy,scientistsattheMaxPlanckInstituteforMetabolismResearchfoundthatmicekepteatingsugarevenwhentheyshouldhavefeltfull.Investigationsoftheirbrainsshowedthatagroupofnervecells,knownasthepro-opiomelanocortin(POMC)neurons,becameactive.Theseneuronsreleaseachemicalcalledβ-endorphin,whichactslikeanaturalrewardandmakesthemicefeelgood.Asaresult,theykeepeatingsugardespitefeelingfull.Interestingly,thiseffectonlyhappenswithsugar,notwithothertypesoffoodlikenormalmealsorfattysnacks.Inafollow-upexperimentwithhumans,researchersgavevolunteersasugardrinkandfoundthatthesamethinghappensinthebrainaswithmice.Thissuggeststhatthe“dessertstomach”isarealthingforbothmiceandhumans.Whydoesthishappen?AccordingtoHenningFenselau,ascientistwholedthestudy,thismakessensefromanevolutionaryperspective.Sugarisrareinnaturebutprovidesquickenergy.Ourbrainsareprogrammedtomakeuswanttoeatsugarwheneverwefindit.Thismighthavebeenhelpfulinthepastbecauseoffoodshortage,buttodayitcanleadtoovereatingandhealthproblems.Thefindingscouldshedlightontreatingobesitybyprovidingathoroughunderstandingoftheurgeforsugar,andcouldevenleadtopotentialmedicalsolutions.Developingdrugstoblockthebrain’srewardsystemforsugarmighthelppeoplecontroltheircravings(渴望).Yet,itistoosoontosaythatthefullpicturehasbeendrawn.Otherstudieshavefoundthatsignalsfromyourdigestivesystemcouldinfluencewhytherealwaysseemstoberoomforadessert.8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A.Bydescribinganeatingbehaviour. B.Byintroducingascientificstudy.C.Bydefiningacertainterm. D.Bycomparingdifferenteatinghabits.9.WhatisthemainfunctionofPOMCneuronsinthemice’sbrains?A.Tellingthebodiesthemicehaveeatenenough. B.Managingthedesireforfattyandsaltyfoods.C.Creatingarewardsystemtoencouragedieting. D.Producingachemicallinkedtopositiveemotions.10.Whydoestheauthormentionthat“sugarisrareinnature”inparagraph4?A.Toblamemodernfoodproductionforhealthissues.B.Toexplaintheevolutionarybasisofsugarcravings.C.Tocomparenaturalsugarwithartificialsugar.D.Towarnpeopleabouteatingtoomuchsugar.11.Whatissuggestedinthelastparagraph?A.Sugar-blockingdrugsshouldbesoldonstoresrightnow.B.Brainactivitiesalonecoulddeterminedessertcravings.C.Moreresearchisneededbeforetheapplicationofthestudy.D.Cravingsforsugaronlyoccurredinmoderntimes.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。主要以生活化的场景引入并介绍了人类和动物对甜食的“dessertstomach”现象的神经科学机制。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Youleanbackfromthedinnertable,feelinglikeyouphysicallycouldn’tfitanotherbite.Butthensomeoneofferspieandyoujustcan’tsayno.Scientistshavenowidentifiedtheneurons(神经元)behindthe“dessertstomach”phenomenon.(你从餐桌上向后靠，感觉自己再也吃不下一口了。但如果有人请你吃派，你就不能拒绝。科学家们现在已经确定了“甜点胃”现象背后的神经元)”可知，作者通过描述“饱餐后仍无法拒绝甜点”这一具体饮食行为引入主题。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theseneuronsreleaseachemicalcalledβ-endorphin,whichactslikeanaturalrewardandmakesthemicefeelgood.(这些神经元释放出一种叫做β-内啡肽的化学物质，它就像一种自然的奖励，让老鼠感觉良好)”可知，POMC神经元的主要功能是释放与积极情绪相关的化学物质β-内啡肽。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“AccordingtoHenningFenselau,ascientistwholedthestudy,thismakessensefromanevolutionaryperspective.Sugarisrareinnaturebutprovidesquickenergy.(领导这项研究的科学家HenningFenselau表示，从进化的角度来看，这是有道理的。糖在自然界中很罕见，但能快速提供能量)”可知，作者提到“自然界中糖分稀少”是为了从进化角度解释人类对糖的渴望。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet,itistoosoontosaythatthefullpicturehasbeendrawn.Otherstudieshavefoundthatsignalsfromyourdigestivesystemcouldinfluencewhytherealwaysseemstoberoomforadessert.(然而，现在说事情的全貌已经被描绘出来还为时过早。其他研究发现，消化系统发出的信号可能会影响你为什么总是有吃甜点的空间)”可知，研究尚未完全明确，需进一步探索。即在应用这项研究之前还需要更多的研究。故选C。DWhatifeverythinghappensforareason?It’satheorythatwe’veallheardmorethanonce.Andinmanyways,burnttoasttheorycanbeseenasamoderntakeonthisclassicidea,implyingthateverylittleinconvenienceweexperienceinourday-to-dayliveshappensforabiggerreason.We’veallbeenthere.Sayyouaccidentallyburnyourtoastbeforeleavingforwork.Accordingtoburnttoasttheory,thissingle,tinyinconvenienceisenoughtohaveadominoeffect(多米诺效应).Yourmorningisthenpushedbackbywhat,maybethreetofiveminutes?Perhapsthatisenoughtimetoleavethehousealittlebitlaterthanusual,andtoavoidgettinginacaraccident.Oritmightmeanyouendupgettingalatertrain,andavoidbumpingintosomeonewhoyou’dreallyratheravoid.Inotherwords,theburnttoasttheoryisaremindertoshiftyourthinkingpattern.Whenwechoosetoviewtheworldinamorepositivelight,wecanhelptoreducefeelingsofanxiety,andreleaseourfearofbeingoutofcontroloftheworldaroundus.Itpreventsusfromthinkingoversomethingthatisn’treallyallthatbadinthegrandperspectiveofthingsandencouragesustomakemeaningofchallengeswemayexperience,thusmakingusmoreadaptivetothefuturesetbacks.Thenexttimeyoufeelyourselfbecomingannoyedorfrustratedbyaninconvenienceinyourlife,tryreshapingyourthoughtsbytellingyourselfwhyyou’regratefulfortheinconvenience.Whilemaintainingapositivemindsetcangoalongway,burnttoasttheoryisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Bemindfulthatonlyallowingyourselftofocusonpositivethoughtscanmeanthatyouaredenyingyourselfthechancetoproperlyengagewithchallengingordifficultemotions,insteadfocusingoncreatingafalsepositiveprofile.12.Whatmaybeacaseoftheburnttoasttheory?A.Gainingrewardsafterpayingefforts.B.Losingajobafterforgettingtosetanalarm.C.Meetingafutureemployeraftermissingaflight.D.Mendingfriendshipafterclearingmisunderstandings.13.Whatistheresultofapplyingtheburnttoasttheoryaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Betterjudgementonfears. B.Richerexperiencefromfailures.C.Theremovalofdailyinconveniences. D.Theharvestofapositivemindset.14.Whichaspectofthetheorydoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A.Would-beprojects. B.Real-worldapplications.C.Potentialweaknesses. D.Practicaladvantages.15.Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthetext?A.LessIsMore B.MakeaLemonLemonadeC.OnceBitten,TwiceShy D.BetterLateThanNever【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是“烧焦的面包理论”，即通过积极视角看待生活中的不便，将其视为有意义的转折点，同时也探讨了该理论的潜在局限性。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Andinmanyways,burnttoasttheorycanbeseenasamoderntakeonthisclassicidea,implyingthateverylittleinconvenienceweexperienceinourday-to-dayliveshappensforabiggerreason.(而且在许多方面，烧焦面包理论可以被视为这一经典思想的现代诠释，暗示着我们在日常生活中经历的每一个小不便都出于更大的原因)”可知，烧焦面包理论暗示着我们在日常生活中经历的每一个小不便都出于更大的原因，结合第二段中的“Perhapsthatisenoughtimetoleavethehousealittlebitlaterthanusual,andtoavoidgettinginacaraccident.Oritmightmeanyouendupgettingalatertrain,andavoidbumpingintosomeonewhoyou’dreallyratheravoid.(也许这足够让你比平时晚一点出门，从而避免了一场车祸。或者这意味着你赶上了稍晚的火车，避开了一个你宁愿避开的人)”可知，错过航班后遇到未来雇主是符合该理论的案例。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Inotherwords,theburnttoasttheoryisaremindertoshiftyourthinkingpattern.Whenwechoosetoviewtheworldinamorepositivelight,wecanhelptoreducefeelingsofanxiety,andreleaseourfearofbeingoutofcontroloftheworldaroundus.(换句话说，烧焦面包理论提醒我们要转变思维方式。当我们选择以更积极的态度看待世界时，我们可以帮助减轻焦虑感，并释放对周围世界失控的恐惧)”可知，烧焦面包理论提醒我们要转变思维方式，用更积极的态度看世界。由此可知，应用该理论的结果是收获积极心态。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Whilemaintainingapositivemindsetcangoalongway,burnttoasttheoryisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Bemindfulthatonlyallowingyourselftofocusonpositivethoughtscanmeanthatyouaredenyingyourselfthechancetoproperlyengagewithchallengingordifficultemotions,insteadfocusingoncreatingafalsepositiveprofile.(虽然保持积极的心态可以走得很远，但烧焦面包理论并非没有缺点。要注意，只允许自己专注于积极的想法可能意味着你正在剥夺自己正确面对挑战或困难情绪的机会，而是专注于创造一个虚假的积极形象)”可知，烧焦面包理论并非没有缺点，进而分析了其危害，由此可知，最后一段聚焦于该理论的潜在弱点。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。结合全文内容，尤其是首段“Whatifeverythinghappensforareason?It’satheorythatwe’veallheardmorethanonce.Andinmanyways,burnttoasttheorycanbeseenasamoderntakeonthisclassicidea,implyingthateverylittleinconvenienceweexperienceinourday-to-dayliveshappensforabiggerreason.(如果每件事的发生都有其原因呢？这是一个我们都不止一次听过的理论。在许多方面，“烧焦面包理论”可以被视为这一经典思想的现代诠释，暗示我们在日常生活中遇到的每一个小麻烦都可能是出于某种更大的原因)”可知，全文围绕“烧焦的面包理论”展开，强调通过积极视角看待生活中的不便，将挑战转化为机遇，同时指出其潜在的局限性。选项B“化挫折为机遇”与这一主题意义相符，最适合作为标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Thesolutiontoanydespairmightbehope,expertssay.It’sbelievinginabrighterfutureandactingtowardsit.____16____Herearestrategiesthatcanhelpcultivatehope.AsHellman,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatSuffolkUniversityinBoston,pointsout,“Hopebegetshope,andithassuchasignificantprotectivefactor.”____17____Makeitapointtoalwaysbeworkingtowardatleastonegoalthat’smeaningful,Hellmanadvises.Inotherwords,itshouldn’tbesomethingyouhavetodobutsomethingyouwanttodo.“Goalscanbeanythingthat’simportanttous,”hesays.Brainstormsolutions.Ifyou’vesetagoalthat’smeaningfultoyou,butyoucan’tfigureoutawaytoachieveit,you’llprobablyfeelprettyhopeless.Peoplewhoarehighinhope,meanwhile,tendtogeneratelotsofways.____18____Ifyou’restrugglingtomakeaplan,Hellmansuggestssittingdownwithapenandpaperandgivingyourselfanhourtobrainstormsolutions.Seekoutsuccessstories.It’ssaidthatpeoplecultivatehopebyseekingsupportfromtheirparentsandspecificteachers.Buttheyalsogotalotoutoflearningaboutotherpeoplewhohavedonewellforthemselves.Hellmansays,“____19____”Tapintoyourimagination.Hellmanthinksofimaginationas“theinstrumentofhope”.Let’ssayyousetagoalfortheweek.Spendafewminutesreflectingonortalkingaboutwhatwouldhappenifyouachievedit.“Howdoesitimpactyou,orhowwoulditbenefitothers?”hesays.“____20____Andwhenyoucanseeyourselfinthefuture,thatistheveryessenceofhope.”A.Dosomethingmeaningful.B.Itcanbetaughtandnurtured.C.Thinkinagoal-orientedway.D.Withthesegoodexamples,peopleareboundtobesuccessful.E.So,ifonedoesn’tworkout,theyhaveanalternativeattheready.F.Byseeingotherpeoplesucceed,theyfeelliketheycouldsucceed.G.YouandIhavethiswonderfulcapacitytoplayamovieinourhead.【答案】16.B17.C18.E19.F20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些培养希望的策略。【16题详析】根据上文“Thesolutiontoanydespairmightbehope,expertssay.It’sbelievinginabrighterfutureandactingtowardsit.(专家表示，任何绝望的解决方案可能都是希望。它是相信一个更光明的未来，并为之行动。)”以及后文“Herearestrategiesthatcanhelpcultivatehope.(这里有一些策略可以帮助培养希望。)”可知，本句主要启示后文，指出希望可以被培养，B选项中It对应上文hope。故B选项“它可以被教导和培养。”符合语境，故选B。【17题详析】根据后文“Makeitapointtoalwaysbeworkingtowardatleastonegoalthat’smeaningful,Hellmanadvises.Inotherwords,itshouldn’tbesomethingyouhavetodobutsomethingyouwanttodo.“Goalscanbeanythingthat’simportanttous,”hesays.(海尔曼建议，一定要朝着至少一个有意义的目标努力。换句话说，它不应该是你必须做的事情，而是你想做的事情。“目标可以是任何对我们来说重要的东西，”他说。)”可知，本段的主旨是通过制定目标来采取行动，故C选项“以目标为导向的方式思考。”符合语境，故选C。【18题详析】根据上文“Brainstormsolutions.Ifyou’vesetagoalthat’smeaningfultoyou,butyoucan’tfigureoutawaytoachieveit,you’llprobablyfeelprettyhopeless.Peoplewhoarehighinhope,meanwhile,tendtogeneratelotsofways.(头脑风暴的解决方案。如果你设定了一个对你来说很有意义的目标，但你却找不到实现它的方法，你可能会感到非常绝望。与此同时，满怀希望的人往往会想出很多办法。)”可知，本句承接上文，构成因果关系，指出想多很多办法的结果。故E选项“所以，如果一个不成功，他们有另一个选择。”符合语境，故选E。【19题详析】根据上文“Seekoutsuccessstories.It’ssaidthatpeoplecultivatehopebyseekingsupportfromtheirparentsandspecificteachers.Buttheyalsogotalotoutoflearningaboutotherpeoplewhohavedonewellforthemselves.Hellmansays,(寻找成功的故事。据说人们通过向父母和特定老师寻求支持来培养希望。但他们也从了解其他为自己做得很好的人中学到了很多。海尔曼说，)”可知，本句主要引用Hellman关于寻找成功事迹的言论和论点，故F选项“看到别人成功，他们觉得自己也能成功。”符合语境，故选F。【20题详析】根据上文“Tapintoyourimagination.Hellmanthinksofimaginationas“theinstrumentofhope”.Let’ssayyousetagoalfortheweek.Spendafewminutesreflectingonortalkingaboutwhatwouldhappenifyouachievedit.“Howdoesitimpactyou,orhowwoulditbenefitothers?”hesays.(发挥你的想象力。海尔曼认为想象力是“希望的工具”。假设你为这一周设定了一个目标。花几分钟思考或谈论一下如果你实现了目标会发生什么。“它如何影响你，或者它将如何使他人受益?”他说。)”以及后文“Andwhenyoucanseeyourselfinthefuture,thatistheveryessenceofhope.(当你能看到未来的自己，这就是希望的本质。)”可知，本段的主旨是在大脑中发挥想象力，从而获得希望。故G选项“你和我都有在脑海中播放电影的奇妙能力。”符合语境，故选G。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Growingupinahouseholdwithsixboyswasnoeasytask.Asthemiddlechild,Ifacednumerous___21___fromanearlyage,includingignoredfeelingsandlearningdisabilities.___22___,itdidn’tleavemediscouragedor___23___.AsIgrewolder,mydreamsofplayingbasketballincollegeandmaybeeventheNBA___24___duetoaseriesofinjuries.JoiningtheArmytofundmyeducationwouldhavebeenaworkable___25___,butforasemi-truckaccident,which___26___metoquitthatdreamaswell.Despitethesehardships,Iremained___27___andkeptworkinghard.AsIreflectonmyjourney,Imust___28___thatmomentsofdoubtonceheldmeback.Thepainanddamagetomybodywereunbearable,andIwas___29___ofwhatthefutureheld.Atmy____30____point,Iweighedover300poundsandformedaterriblelifestyle.Itwasn’tuntilIhitrockbottomthatIrealizedthecrucialrolethat____31____playedinovercomingadversity.Unexpectedly,these____32____ledmetoacareerinsalesandbusinesswhereIlearnttoholdfirm,to____33____rejection,andtokeeppushingforward,which____34____thewayforstartingmyownadvisoryfirm.It’sbeenachallengingjourney,butIhavetransformedmystrugglesinto____35____,perseveredthroughthetoughtimesandcomeoutstrongerontheotherside.21.A.conflicts B.opportunities C.challenges D.interviews22.A.Otherwise B.Therefore C.Besides D.However23.A.defeated B.pleased C.impressed D.feared24.A.wenton B.fellapart C.cametrue D.startedoff25.A.alternative B.process C.balance D.concept26.A.allowed B.forced C.persuaded D.required27.A.surprised B.stressed C.determined D.panicked28.A.remember B.compare C.admit D.appreciate29.A.scared B.fond C.optimistic D.ashamed30.A.proudest B.happiest C.rarest D.lowest31.A.adventure B.imagination C.independence D.perseverance32.A.beliefs B.costs C.struggles D.desires33.A.understand B.defend C.ignore D.handle34.A.paved B.recalled C.checked D.blocked35.A.memories B.strengths C.joys D.questions【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.B27.C28.C29.A30.D31.D32.C33.D34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在六兄弟家庭中长大，历经伤病和挫折，最终将困境转化为力量的励志故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为中间的孩子，我从小就面临许多挑战，包括被忽视的感受和学习障碍。A.conflicts冲突；B.opportunities机会；C.challenges挑战；D.interviews面试。根据下文的“includingignoredfeelingsandlearningdisabilities.”可知，被忽视和学习障碍应该都是成长中的“挑战”。故选C项。【22题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并没有让我气馁或被击败。A.Otherwise否则；B.Therefore因此；C.Besides此外；D.However然而。根据上文的“Asthemiddlechild,Ifacednumerous______fromanearlyage,includingignoredfeelingsandlearningdisabilities.”可知，作者成长中遇到很多挑战，结合下文的“itdidn’tleavemediscouragedor______.”可知，上下文为转折关系，用“However”符合逻辑。故选D项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并没有让我气馁或被击败。A.defeated被击败的；B.pleased高兴的；C.impressed印象深刻的；D.feared害怕的。根据上文的“discouraged”可知，此处应与discouraged为并列的负面情绪词“被击败的”符合语境。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我想在大学甚至NBA打篮球的梦想因一系列伤病而破灭。A.wenton继续；B.fellapart破裂；C.cametrue实现；D.startedoff开始。根据下文的“duetoaseriesofinjuries”可知，由于一系列的伤病，梦想“破灭”符合语境。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：参军来资助我的学业本来是一个可行的选择，但一场半挂卡车事故迫使我也放弃了这个梦想。A.alternative选择；B.process过程；C.balance平衡；D.concept概念。根据上文的“AsIgrewolder,mydreamsofplayingbasketballincollegeandmaybeeventheNBA______duetoaseriesofinjuries.”可知，作者想在大学甚至NBA打篮球的梦想，结合“JoiningtheArmy”可知，此处指的是参军是实现教育目标的另一种“选择”符合语境。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：参军来资助我的学业本来是一个可行的选择，但一场半挂卡车事故迫使我也放弃了这个梦想。A.allowed允许；B.forced强迫；C.persuaded说服；D.required要求。根据上文的“butforasemi-truckaccident”以及下文的“quitthatdream”可知，事故“迫使”作者放弃梦想，符合语境。故选B项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管经历了这些困难，我仍然坚定，继续努力。A.surprised惊讶的；B.stressed压力大的；C.determined坚定的；D.panicked恐慌的。根据上文的“Despitethesehardships”以及下文的“keptworkinghard”可知，作者并未放弃，而是保持“坚定”符合语境。故选C项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回顾我的旅程，我必须承认，曾经的怀疑时刻阻碍了我。A.remember记得；B.compare比较；C.admit承认；D.appreciate欣赏。根据上文的“AsIreflectonmyjourney”以及下文的“momentsofdoubtonceheldmeback”可知，这是作者反思后“承认”的事实。故选C项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：身体上的疼痛和伤害让人难以忍受，我害怕未来会怎样。A.scared害怕的；B.fond喜欢的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.ashamed羞愧的。根据上文的“Thepainanddamagetomybodywereunbearable”可知，作者对身体上的疼痛和伤害是难以忍受的，结合下文的“whatthefutureheld”可知，此处指的是作者对未知的未来感到“害怕”符合语境。故选A项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我最低谷的时候，我的体重超过300磅，形成了一种糟糕的生活方式。A.proudest最骄傲的；B.happiest最快乐的；C.rarest最罕见的；D.lowest最低的。根据下文的“Iweighedover300poundsandformedaterriblelifestyle.”可知，作者严重超重且形成糟糕的生活方式，由此可知，此处指的是作者人生“最低谷”时期。故选D项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到我跌到谷底，我才意识到坚持在克服逆境中所起的关键作用。A.adventure冒险；B.imagination想象；C.independence独立；D.perseverance坚持。根据上文的“keptworkinghard”以及下文的“perseveredthroughthetoughtimesandcomeoutstrongerontheotherside.”可知，“坚持”在克服逆境中起到关键作用。故选D项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，这些挣扎让我进入了销售和商业领域，在那里我学会了坚定，处理拒绝，并不断前进，这为我创办自己的咨询公司铺平了道路。A.beliefs信念；B.costs代价；C.struggles挣扎；D.desires欲望。根据上文的“Asthemiddlechild,Ifacednumerous______fromanearlyage,includingignoredfeelingsandlearningdisabilities.”、“duetoaseriesofinjuries”以及“butforasemi-truckaccident”可知，上文多次提到作者的挫折，由此可知，此处指这些“挣扎”符合语境。故选C项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，这些挣扎让我进入了销售和商业领域，在那里我学会了坚定，处理拒绝，并不断前进，这为我创办自己的咨询公司铺平了道路。A.understand理解；B.defend防御；C.ignore忽视；D.handle处理。根据下文的“andtokeeppushingforward”可知，在销售和商业领域要不断前行，需要学会“处理”拒绝，符合语境。故选D项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，这些挣扎让我进入了销售和商业领域，在那里我学会了坚定，处理拒绝，并不断前进，这为我创办自己的咨询公司铺平了道路。A.paved铺；B.recalled回忆；C.checked检查；D.blocked阻塞。根据上文的“Unexpectedly,these______ledmetoacareerinsalesandbusinesswhereIlearnttoholdfirm,to______rejection,andtokeeppushingforward”可知，作者的这些成长经历应该是为作者创办咨询公司“铺平道路”符合语境，pavethewayfor为固定搭配，意为“为……铺平道路”。故选A项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一段充满挑战的旅程，但我已经把挣扎转化为力量，在艰难时期坚持下来，从另一边走出来时变得更强大。A.memories记忆；B.strengths力量；C.jo