2026吉林省医疗卫生系统招聘考试（英语）历年参考题库含答案详解

2026吉林省医疗卫生系统招聘考试（英语）历年参考题库含答案详解一、选择题从给出的选项中选择正确答案（共100题）1、Thephysicianprescribedanewmedicationforthepatient'schroniccondition.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prescribed"mean?A.CancelledB.RecommendedandorderedC.AdministeredD.Withdrew2、Selectthecorrectoptiontocompletethesentence:Thepatientwasadmittedtothehospitalwithsevere_symptoms,includinghighfeveranddifficultybreathing.A.respiratoryB.resistiveC.respectiveD.responsive3、Whichofthefollowingisabenigntumor?A.CarcinomaB.LipomaC.SarcomaD.Melanoma4、Theword"etiology"inmedicalterminologyrefersto:A.TreatmentofdiseaseB.StudyofdiseasecausesC.SurgicalprocedureD.Painreliefmethod5、Identifythecorrectspelling:Thedoctordiagnosedthepatientwith_diabetes.A.MellitusB.MellatousC.MelliteusD.Melletus6、Whatisthemeaningof"idiopathic"?A.CausedbyexternaltraumaB.OfunknowncauseC.HereditaryinnatureD.Resultingfrominfection7、Choosethecorrectsentence:A.Thenursetakethepatient'svitalsigns.B.Thenursetakesthepatient'svitalsigns.C.Thenursetakingthepatient'svitalsigns.D.Thenursetakenthepatient'svitalsigns.8、"Hypertension"isdefinedas:A.LowbloodpressureB.NormalbloodpressureC.HighbloodpressureD.Irregularheartrhythm9、Whichtermdescribesinflammationofthestomachlining?A.GastritisB.GastroenteritisC.ColitisD.Hepatitis10、Selecttheappropriatepreposition:Theinjectionwasadministered_theupperarm.A.inB.atC.intoD.on11、Whatdoestheabbreviation"BMI"standfor?A.BodyMassIndexB.BloodMovementIndexC.BasicMetabolicInsightD.BiochemicalMuscleInspection12、Theprefix"brady-"means:A.FastB.SlowC.AboveD.Below13、Whichofthefollowingisanantibiotic?A.IbuprofenB.AmoxicillinC.AspirinD.Paracetamol14、Choosethecorrectform:Ifthepatient_fever,heshoulddrinkplentyofwater.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.having15、"Myocardialinfarction"iscommonlyknownas:A.StrokeB.HeartattackC.LungfailureD.Kidneystone16、Whichorganisprimarilyaffectedby"cirrhosis"?A.KidneyB.LiverC.HeartD.Lung17、Selectthecorrectmedicaltermfor"bloodsugar":A.GlucoseB.LipidC.ProteinD.Hemoglobin18、Theterm"contraindication"refersto:A.ArecommendedtreatmentB.AreasonnottouseatreatmentC.AsideeffectD.Adiagnostictest19、Whichwordbestcompletesthesentence:Thesurgeonmadeanincision_theabdominalregion.A.inB.onC.aboveD.through20、Whatisthepluralformof"analysis"?A.AnalysissB.AnalysesC.Analysies21、Thedoctorrecommendedthatthepatientimmediately.A.operatesB.beoperatedC.isoperatedD.willbeoperated22、Bythetimeshearrives,wefortwohours.A.waitB.arewaitingC.willhavebeenwaitingD.waited23、Itisessentialthatappropriatemeasurestakentopreventthediseasefromspreading.A.areB.beC.wereD.willbe24、Themedicinebythenursecorrectlyaccordingtothedoctor'sprescription.A.mustadministerB.mustbeadministeredC.mustadministeringD.musthasadministered25、Notuntiltheresultswereannouncedrealizedtheimportanceofregularhealthcheckups.A.didtheyB.theydidC.theyhadD.hadthey26、Theresearcherisinterestedintheeffectsofthenewdrugonpatientswithchronicdiseases.A.investigateB.investigatedC.investigatingD.toinvestigate27、Neitherthepatientsnorthedoctorsawareofthenewhospitalpolicy.A.isB.areC.wasD.werebeing28、Theprofessoraskedustowriteareportonthehumanimmunesystemworks.A.thatB.whichC.howD.what29、Hadthevaccinebeendevelopedearlier,millionsoflivessaved.A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.willhavebeenD.hadbeen30、Thedatacollectedfromtheclinicaltrialstatisticallysignificant.A.proveB.provesC.provedD.proving31、Shesuggestedthatheasecondopinionfromaspecialistbeforemakinganydecisions.A.seeksB.shouldseekC.soughtD.hassought32、Thenurseremindedthepatienthisbloodpressureregularly.A.monitorB.monitoringC.tomonitorD.monitored33、Thestudyfoundthatpeopleexercisehavealowerriskofheartdisease.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose34、Nosoonerthehospitalthantheemergencycallcamein.A.hadhereachedB.hehadreachedC.didhereachD.hereached35、Theeffectivenessofthetreatmentdependsonthepatientfollowsthedoctor'sinstructions.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.how36、Thenewequipment,togetherwithseveraltrainingprograms,toimprovepatientcare.A.isdesignedB.aredesignedC.designedD.designing37、Hardlyhadthesurgerycompletedwhenthepatientbegantorecoverquickly.A.beenB.beingC.beD.is38、Theepidemiologistisstudyingtherelationshipbetweendietandofchronicdiseases.A.prevalenceB.prevalentC.prevalentlyD.prevelancy39、Itwasinthelaboratorytheimportantbreakthroughincancerresearchwasmade.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what40、Thepatientwasadmittedtothehospitalwithacuteappendicitis.Theterm"acute"inthiscontextmeans:A.Chronicandlong-lastingB.SevereandsuddenonsetC.MildandgradualD.Recurringovertime41、Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectabbreviationfor"beforemeals"?A.p.c.B.p.r.n.C.a.c.D.q.d.42、Thenurseadministeredthemedicationintravenously.Theabbreviation"IV"standsfor:A.IntramuscularB.IntravenousC.SubcutaneousD.Oral43、"Hypertension"refersto:A.LowbloodpressureB.HighbloodpressureC.NormalbloodpressureD.Irregularheartbeat44、"Dyspnea"isamedicaltermmeaning:A.DifficultbreathingB.RapidbreathingC.SlowbreathingD.Absenceofbreathing45、Thepatientwasdiagnosedwithpneumonia.Thisconditionaffectsthe:A.HeartB.LungsC.KidneysD.Liver46、"Nausea"and"vomiting"arecommonlyabbreviatedas:A.N&VB.N&VomC.NA/VMD.N/V47、Theterm"benign"inmedicaldiagnosismeans:A.MalignantB.CancerousC.Non-cancerousD.Infectious48、"Prophylaxis"refersto:A.TreatmentofdiseaseB.PreventionofdiseaseC.DiagnosisofdiseaseD.Surgeryfordisease49、Theabbreviation"BP"inmedicalcontextstandsfor:A.BloodpressureB.BloodplasmaC.BodytemperatureD.Bloodpercentage50、"Fever"ismedicallytermedas:A.PyrexiaB.HypothermiaC.ApneaD.Bradycardia51、Thephysicianprescribedanalgesicsforthepatient."Analgesics"aremedicationsusedto:A.ReducefeverB.RelievepainC.KillbacteriaD.Reduceinflammation52、"Chronic"bronchitisischaracterizedby:A.SuddenonsetB.Long-lastingsymptomsC.AcuteinfectionD.Singleepisode53、Themedicalterm"idiopathic"means:A.CausedbyinfectionB.OfunknowncauseC.HereditaryconditionD.Drug-induced54、"Edema"refersto:A.DehydrationB.FluidaccumulationintissuesC.BloodlossD.Bonefracture55、Theabbreviation"O2"inmedicalcontextrefersto:A.CarbondioxideB.OxygenC.NitrogenD.Hydrogen56、"Morbidity"raterefersto:A.DeathrateB.DiseaserateC.CurerateD.Birthrate57、Theterm"contraindication"means:A.IndicationfortreatmentB.ReasonagainsttreatmentC.SideeffectD.Dosagerequirement58、"Placebo"refersto:A.ActivemedicationB.InactivesubstanceusedintrialsC.SurgicalprocedureD.Diagnostictest59、选择正确答案填空：Thedoctorsuggestedthatsheathoroughexaminationimmediately.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.having60、选择正确答案填空：Notuntilthereportwassubmittedthedetailsofthecase.A.didheknowB.heknewC.hedidknowD.knewhe61、选择正确答案填空：Thenumberofpatientsinthishospitalincreasingsteadilyoverthepastfiveyears.A.isB.areC.wasD.havebeen62、选择正确答案填空：Bythetimethepatienttothehospital,thesurgeryhadalreadybeencompleted.A.arrivedB.arrivesC.hadarrivedD.hasarrived63、选择正确答案填空：Itisessentialthateverymedicalworkerprotectiveequipmentduringtheoutbreak.A.wearsB.wearC.woreD.wearing64、选择正确答案填空：Theresearcherfounddifficulttodrawaconclusionwithoutsufficientdata.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one65、选择正确答案填空：Neitherthepatientsnorthedoctorsawareofthenewregulationsatthattime.A.wasB.wereC.isD.hasbeen66、选择正确答案填空：Themedicineshouldbekeptinacoolplaceitlosesitseffectiveness.A.sothatB.incaseC.aslongasD.evenif67、选择正确答案填空：Hardlyhadthenurseenteredthewardthealarmwentoff.A.whenB.thanC.thenD.after68、选择正确答案填空：Thestudyrevealedthatregularexercisecansignificantlytheriskofheartdisease.A.reduceB.reducetoC.reducebyD.reduced69、选择正确答案填空：Theprofessor'slectureonepidemiologywassothateventhebeginnerscouldunderstanditclearly.A.obscureB.intricateC.lucidD.ambiguous70、选择正确答案填空：fromhisaccent,hemustbefromthenortheasternprovinceofChina.A.JudgedB.JudgingC.BeingjudgedD.Tojudge71、选择正确答案填空：Thenewlypublishedguidelinesaretoreplacetheoldonesnextmonth.A.dueB.aboutC.goingD.likely72、选择正确答案填空：Thesideeffectsofthedrugwerethantheresearchershadinitiallyexpected.A.moreseriousB.seriousestC.mostseriousD.seriously73、选择正确答案填空：Itwastherapiddevelopmentofmedicaltechnologymadeearlydiagnosispossible.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what74、选择正确答案填空：Thegovernmenthasinvestedheavilyinpublichealththespreadofinfectiousdiseases.A.tocontainB.containedC.containingD.forcontain75、选择正确答案填空：Despitethechallengingcircumstances,themedicalteamremainedandcompletedthemissionsuccessfully.A.composedB.composingC.composeD.composition76、选择正确答案填空：Thedoctoraskedthepatienttokeepadiaryoftheirdailysymptomstheycouldtracktheprogressoftheillness.A.sothatB.althoughC.howeverD.unless77、选择正确答案填空：Betweenthetwotreatmentplans,thesecondoneappearedtobeeffectiveintermsofpatientrecoveryrate.A.moreB.mostC.muchD.very78、选择正确答案填空：Theepidemiologistthepopulationdataforthreedaysbeforepublishingthefinalreport.A.hadanalyzedB.hasanalyzedC.analyzedD.wasanalyzing79、Thedoctorsuggestedthatthepatientimmediately.A.operateB.operatedC.beoperatedD.beoperatedon80、Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherintheclassroomnow.A.isB.areC.wasD.were81、Bythetimewegottothehospital,thepatientalready.A.has;diedB.had;diedC.has;beendeadD.had;beendead82、Themedicineproperlyshouldbekeptinacoolplace.A.tostoreB.storingC.storedD.beingstored83、Itishightimethatwemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.A.takeB.tookC.havetakenD.willtake84、Hardlythehospitalwhenthephonerang.A.hadIreachedB.IhadreachedC.didIreachD.Ireached85、Thenumberofdoctorsinthishospitalincreasingyearbyyear.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.were86、fromspace,theearthlookslikeablueball.A.SeeingB.SeenC.BeingseenD.Tosee87、Thediseaseisdifficulttocure,butnothingcanitsspread.A.stopB.keepC.preventD.hold88、Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherinterestedinthelecture.A.isB.areC.wasD.were89、IwishIharderwhenIwasatschool.A.studiedB.havestudiedC.hadstudiedD.wouldstudy90、Thedoctorrecommendedthathesmokingassoonaspossible.A.giveupB.gaveupC.givesupD.givingup91、Thereisnodoubtthenewdrughasbeenproveneffective.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether92、Theprofessoraskedustheexperimentcarefully.A.todoB.doingC.didD.done93、HadIknownthetruth,Iyouaboutit.A.wouldtellB.wouldhavetoldC.willtellD.hadtold94、Thepatientcomplainedthathebadlytreatedinthehospital.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.is95、theweather,wedecidedtogoforawalk.A.InspiteofB.AlthoughC.DespiteofD.However96、Themedicineshouldbetakenafter.A.eatB.eatingC.beingeatenD.eaten97、Itisessentialthateverypatientinformedofthetreatmentplan.A.beB.isC.wasD.were98、Themorecarefulyouare,mistakesyouwillmake.A.thefewerB.thelessC.thefewD.thelittle99、Iftheoperationsuccessfully,thepatientwouldhavesurvived.A.isperformedB.wasperformedC.hadbeenperformedD.hasbeenperformed100、ThenurseaskedmewhereIbefore.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.am

参考答案及解析1.【参考答案】B【解析】"Prescribe"意为"开处方、推荐、规定"。在医疗语境中，医生为病人开具药物处方。A项"取消"、C项"管理/施用"、D项"撤回"均不符合医学术语用法。本题主要考查医学英语核心词汇的准确理解。2.【参考答案】A【解析】"Respiratory"意为"呼吸的"，与"difficultybreathing（呼吸困难）"语境吻合。B项"抵抗的"、C项"各自的"、D项"反应敏感的"均不符合句意。本题重点考查易混词辨析。3.【参考答案】B【解析】"Lipoma（脂肪瘤）"属于良性肿瘤。A项"Carcinoma（癌）"、C项"Sarcoma（肉瘤）"、D项"Melanoma（黑色素瘤）"均为恶性肿瘤。本题考查医学英语中肿瘤相关词汇的分类知识。4.【参考答案】B【解析】"Etiology"（病因学）指研究疾病原因的科学。A项"治疗"、C项"外科手术"、D项"止痛"均不正确。该词根"eti-"表示原因，"-logy"表示学科。5.【参考答案】A【解析】"Diabetesmellitus（糖尿病）"是标准医学术语拼写。B、C、D项均为错误拼写。本题重点考查医学核心术语的准确拼写，在医疗卫生考试中常见。6.【参考答案】B【解析】"Idiopathic"意为"特发性的、原因不明的"，用于描述病因未明的疾病。A项"外伤所致"、C项"遗传性"、D项"感染引起"均不符合定义。该词在临床诊断中频繁出现。7.【参考答案】B【解析】主语"Thenurse"为第三人称单数，动词需用"takes"。A项动词形式错误；C项缺少谓语动词；D项使用了过去分词作谓语，语法错误。本题考查主谓一致基本语法。8.【参考答案】C【解析】"Hypertension"意为"高血压"。前缀"hyper-"表示"过高"，"tension"指"压力"。A项"低血压"应为hypotension；B项"正常血压"应为normotension；D项"心律不齐"应为arrhythmia。9.【参考答案】A【解析】"Gastritis"意为"胃炎"，指胃黏膜炎症。B项"Gastroenteritis（胃肠炎）"涉及肠道；C项"Colitis（结肠炎）"涉及结肠；D项"Hepatitis（肝炎）"涉及肝脏。后缀"-itis"表示炎症。10.【参考答案】C【解析】"Administerinto"表示"注入到……内"，注射药物需进入体内组织，用"intraparenchymalinjectionintothearm"更准确。A项"in"表位置较泛；B项"at"表地点；D项"on"表表面。医学英语中常用"administerinto"。11.【参考答案】A【解析】"BMI"即"BodyMassIndex（身体质量指数）"，是衡量体重是否标准的重要指标。计算公式为体重（kg）除以身高（m）的平方。其他选项均为干扰项，不符合医学术语规范。12.【参考答案】B【解析】"Brady-"为表示"慢"的前缀，如"bradycardia（心动过缓）"。A项"快"对应"tachy-"；C项"上"对应"supra-"或"super-"；D项"下"对应"infra-"或"sub-"。前缀辨析是医学英语重要考点。13.【参考答案】B【解析】"Amoxicillin（阿莫西林）"属于青霉素类抗生素，用于治疗细菌感染。A项"Ibuprofen（布洛芬）"为解热镇痛抗炎药；C项"Aspirin（阿司匹林）"为解热镇痛药；D项"Paracetamol（对乙酰氨基酚）"为退热镇痛药。本题区分药物分类。14.【参考答案】A【解析】从句主语"thepatient"为第三人称单数，一般现在时需用"has"。本句为真实条件句，表示客观事实或习惯性动作。B项用于复数主语；C项为过去时；D项为现在分词，不能单独作谓语。15.【参考答案】B【解析】"Myocardialinfarction（心肌梗死）"即俗称的"heartattack（心脏病发作）"。A项"中风"为stroke；C项"肺衰竭"为lungfailure；D项"肾结石"为kidneystone。本题考查医学常见病的英文表述。16.【参考答案】B【解析】"Cirrhosis（肝硬化）"是肝脏慢性疾病的晚期阶段，以肝细胞坏死和纤维化为特征。A项肾脏疾病如nephritis；C项心脏疾病如cardiomyopathy；D项肺部疾病如emphysema。本题综合考查器官与疾病的对应关系。17.【参考答案】A【解析】"Glucose（葡萄糖）"即医学上所称的"bloodsugar（血糖）"。B项"Lipid（脂质）"；C项"Protein（蛋白质）"；D项"Hemoglobin（血红蛋白）"负责运输氧气。本题考查人体基本生化物质的英文名称。18.【参考答案】B【解析】"Contraindication（禁忌症）"指阻止某种治疗或用药的理由或情况。A项为建议治疗；C项为副作用；D项为诊断检查。该词由前缀"con-"（否定）+"indicate"（指示）构成，临床用药前需详细评估。19.【参考答案】A【解析】"Incisionintheabdominalregion"表示在腹部区域进行切口，"in"表示在某个区域内。B项"on"强调表面接触；C项"above"表示上方；D项"through"表示穿过。医学英语中描述手术部位常使用"in+部位"结构。20.【参考答案】B【解析】"Analysis"为希腊语源名词，其复数形式为"analyses"。此类以"-sis"结尾的词变复数时将"-sis"改为"-ses"，如"diagnosis→diagnosesparenthesis→parentheses"。这是医学英语常见的语法考点。21.【参考答案】B【解析】recommend后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，结构为"(should)+动词原形"。此处patient与operate之间是被动关系，故选B。should可以省略，故正确形式为beoperated。其他选项不符合虚拟语气的用法要求。22.【参考答案】C【解析】"Bythetime+一般现在时"引导的时间状语从句表示将来时，主句要用将来完成时。此处强调从过去持续到将来某一点的等待动作，需用将来完成进行时，结构为"willhavebeen+现在分词"。故选C。23.【参考答案】B【解析】essential后接that引导的主语从句时，从句需使用虚拟语气，结构为"(should)+动词原形"。should可省略，故填be。这是典型的"形容词+that从句"虚拟语气用法，如important,necessary,essential等词后的从句都用此规则。24.【参考答案】B【解析】medicine与administer之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。情态动词must后接动词原形，被动语态结构为"mustbe+过去分词"。administer的过去分词为administered，故选B。25.【参考答案】A【解析】"Notuntil"置于句首时，主句需部分倒装，即将助动词或情态动词提到主语前。句中realized为一般过去时，故用助动词did构成倒装。句意为：直到结果公布，他们才意识到定期体检的重要性。26.【参考答案】C【解析】介词in后需接动名词作宾语。investigate的动名词形式为investigating。beinterestedindoingsth.是固定搭配，意为"对做某事感兴趣"。其他选项词性不符合介词后的语法要求。27.【参考答案】B【解析】neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，即与最近的主语保持一致。doctors为复数，故谓语动词用复数形式are。句意为：病人和医生都不知道新的医院政策。28.【参考答案】C【解析】介词on后接宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，需用how引导。句意为：教授让我们写一篇关于人体免疫系统如何工作的报告。that在从句中不作成分；which需有范围限定；what需在从句中作主语或宾语，均不符合句意。29.【参考答案】B【解析】本句为与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，if条件句用过去完成时被动的倒装形式（Had+主语+过去分词），主句应用"wouldhavebeen+过去分词"。句意为：如果疫苗更早开发出来，数以百万计的生命本可以被挽救。30.【参考答案】B【解析】data在此处作单数名词使用，表示"数据"这一整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式。proves为第三人称单数形式，符合主谓一致原则。句意为：从临床试验中收集的数据被证明具有统计学意义。31.【参考答案】B【解析】suggest后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气，结构为"(should)+动词原形"。should可省略。此题考查suggest作"建议"讲时的用法，其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气。故选B。32.【参考答案】C【解析】remindsb.todosth.是固定搭配，意为"提醒某人做某事"。此处需用不定式tomonitor作宾语补足语。其他选项不符合remind的用法结构。33.【参考答案】A【解析】定语从句修饰people，从句缺少主语，应用who引导。whom作宾语；which指物；whose表示所属关系。句意为：研究发现经常锻炼的人心脏病风险较低。who在此引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。34.【参考答案】A【解析】"Nosooner...than..."结构中，nosooner置于句首时主句需部分倒装，且用过去完成时。结构为"Nosooner+had+主语+过去分词+than..."。故选A。35.【参考答案】B【解析】dependson后接宾语从句，根据句意应表达"是否"的概念，用whether引导。句意为：治疗效果取决于病人是否遵循医嘱。that引导的从句表示肯定的事实；what和how在此处语义不通。36.【参考答案】A【解析】主语为Thenewequipment，togetherwith...为插入语，不影响主谓一致。equipment为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。bedesignedtodosth.意为"旨在做某事"，故选A。37.【参考答案】A【解析】"Hardly...when..."结构要求主句用过去完成时倒装。surgery与complete之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态hadbeencompleted。hardly置于句首时，had提到主语前构成倒装。38.【参考答案】A【解析】介词between...and...连接两个并列成分，diet为名词，故and后也需接名词。prevalence为名词，意为"流行、普遍"；prevalent为形容词；prevalently为副词。句意为：流行病学家正在研究饮食与慢性病发病率之间的关系。39.【参考答案】A【解析】本句为强调句型"Itwas+被强调部分+that+剩余部分"，强调地点状语inthelaboratory。强调句的框架为itis/was...that...，不论强调什么成分都用that连接。句意为：正是在实验室里取得了癌症研究的重要突破。40.【参考答案】B【解析】"Acute"在医学英语中意为"急性的"，指发病急骤、症状严重但病程较短的疾病。急性阑尾炎（acuteappendicitis）是指阑尾突然发生的急性炎症，与"chronic"（慢性的）相对。选项A描述的是慢性病特征；选项C描述的是轻度疾病；选项D描述的是复发性疾病。41.【参考答案】C【解析】"a.c."是拉丁语"antecibos"的缩写，意为"饭前"。p.c.（postcibos）意为"饭后"；p.r.n.（prorenata）意为"必要时"；q.d.（quaquedie）意为"每日一次"。医学术语缩写是医护人员必须掌握的基本知识，正确使用可避免用药错误。42.【参考答案】B【解析】"IV"是"intravenous"的缩写，意为"静脉注射"。intramuscular（IM）是肌肉注射；subcutaneous（SC或SubQ）是皮下注射；oral（PO）是口服给药。不同的给药途径影响药物的吸收速度和生物利用度，静脉注射可直接进入血液循环，起效最快。43.【参考答案】B【解析】"Hypertension"由前缀"hyper-"（超过、过度）和词根"tens"（压力）组成，意为"高血压"。hypotension才是低血压；normotension是正常血压；arrhythmia是不规则心跳。高血压是常见的慢性疾病，需要长期监测和管理。44.【参考答案】A【解析】"Dyspnea"源自希腊语"dys"（困难）和"pnea"（呼吸），意为"呼吸困难"。tachypnea是呼吸过快；bradypnea是呼吸过缓；apnea是呼吸暂停。呼吸困难是多种疾病的常见症状，需要详细评估。45.【参考答案】B【解析】"Pneumonia"指肺炎，是肺部的感染性炎症。来自希腊语"pneumon"（肺）。心脏病是cardiacdisease；肾病是renaldisease；肝病是hepaticdisease。肺炎常见症状包括发热、咳嗽、咳痰和呼吸困难。46.【参考答案】D【解析】"N/V"是"nausea/vomiting"的标准医学缩写，意为"恶心/呕吐"。这是临床记录中常用的简写形式。恶心和呕吐是多种疾病的症状，也是化疗等治疗的常见副作用。47.【参考答案】C【解析】"Benign"意为"良性的"，指非癌症性的、不恶性增殖的病变。与"malignant"（恶性的）相对。良性肿瘤通常生长缓慢，不会侵犯周围组织或转移。正确区分良恶性对治疗方案选择至关重要。48.【参考答案】B【解析】"Prophylaxis"源自希腊语"prophylax"（保护），意为"预防"。预防措施包括疫苗接种、服用预防药物等。治疗是treatment；诊断是diagnosis；手术是surgery。预防医学是现代医学的重要组成部分。49.【参考答案】A【解析】"BP"是"bloodpressure"的缩写，意为"血压"。正常成人血压标准为收缩压90-140mmHg，舒张压60-90mmHg。血桨是bloodplasma；体温是bodytemperature；血细胞比容是hematocrit。50.【参考答案】A【解析】"Pyrexia"是"fever"的医学术语，意为"发热"。hypothermia是体温过低；apnea是呼吸暂停；bradycardia是心动过缓。发热是机体对感染或炎症的常见反应，体温超过37.5℃可诊断为发热。51.【参考答案】B【解析】"Analgesics"意为"镇痛药"，用于缓解疼痛。解热药是antipyretics；抗生素是antibiotics；抗炎药是anti-inflammatorydrugs。正确选择镇痛药物对提高患者生活质量很重要。52.【参考答案】B【解析】"Chronic"意为"慢性的"，指病程持续较长的疾病。慢性支气管炎定义为每年咳嗽咳痰至少3个月，连续2年或以上。与"acute"（急性的）相对，慢性病需要长期管理。53.【参考答案】B【解析】"Idiopathic"源自希腊语"idio"（自己的）和"pathos"（疾病），意为"特发性的"，即病因不明的疾病。感染性是infectious；遗传性是hereditary；药物性是drug-induced。特发性疾病是医学研究的重点。54.【参考答案】B【解析】"Edema"意为"水肿"，指组织间隙过多液体积聚。常见于下肢、肺部或脑部。脱水是dehydration；出血是hemorrhage；骨折是fracture。水肿可能是心脏、肾脏或肝脏疾病的体征。55.【参考答案】B【解析】"O2"是氧气的化学符号，医学上指"氧气"。二氧化碳是CO2；氮气是N2；氢气是H2。氧疗是呼吸系统疾病的重要治疗手段，维持血氧饱和度对抢救危重患者至关重要。56.【参考答案】B【解析】"Morbidity"意为"发病率"，指特定人群中疾病发生的频率。死亡率是mortalityrate；治愈率是curerate；出生率是birthrate。流行病学常用morbidity和mortality两个指标评估人群健康状况。57.【参考答案】B【解析】"Contraindication"由"contra-"（反对）和"indication"（适应症）组成，意为"禁忌症"，即不宜采用某种治疗的理由。指征是indication；副作用是sideeffect；剂量要求是dosagerequirement。了解禁忌症对用药安全很重要。58.【参考答案】B【解析】"Placebo"意为"安慰剂"，是无药理活性的物质，用于临床试验作为对照。活性药物是activemedication；手术是surgicalprocedure；诊断测试是diagnostictest。安慰剂效应是医学研究中的重要现象。59.【参考答案】B【解析】suggest作"建议"讲时，其后宾语从句需用虚拟语气，结构为"(should)+动词原形"，should可省略。句意为"医生建议她立即做全面检查"。A项为第三人称单数形式，C项为过去式，D项为现在分词，均不符合虚拟语气的用法要求，故选B。60.【参考答案】A【解析】notuntil置于句首时，主句需使用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语前面。本句为一般过去时，因此需要将助动词did提前。B项未倒装，C项语序错误，D项缺少助动词，故正确答案为A。61.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查主谓一致。thenumberof意为"……的数量"，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式；而anumberof意为"许多"，谓语动词用复数。句中有overthepastfiveyears，应用现在完成时，但选项中无符合的复数形式，结合句意此处考查的是主谓一致原则，故选A。62.【参考答案】C【解析】bythetime引导的时间状语从句中，主句用了过去完成时，从句需用一般过去时。hadarrived表示动作在主句动作之前已经完成，即病人到达医院之前手术已完成，符合语境逻辑，故选C。63.【参考答案】B【解析】itisessentialthat...句型中，that从句需用虚拟语气，结构为"(should)+动词原形"，should可省略。句意为"每个医务工作者在疫情期间穿防护服是必不可少的"。故选B。64.【参考答案】C【解析】it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语todrawaconclusion...，这是固定用法。句意为"研究人员发现没有足够的数据很难得出结论"。this和that不能充当形式宾语，one指代人或物，均不符合语法要求，故选C。65.【参考答案】B【解析】neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，即与最近的主语保持一致。就近主语为thedoctors（复数），且atthattime表明为过去时，因此谓语动词用were，故选B。66.【参考答案】B【解析】incase意为"以防"，引导目的状语从句，符合语境。句意为"药物应存放在阴凉处，以防失效"。sothat意为"以便"，aslongas意为"只要"，evenif意为"即使"，均不符合句意，故选B。67.【参考答案】A【解析】hardly...when...是固定搭配，意为"一……就……"，hardly置于句首时主句用部分倒装。than用于nosooner...than句型。句意为"护士刚进入病房，警报就响了"，故选A。68.【参考答案】A【解析】can为情态动词，后接动词原形，排除D项。句意为"研究发现规律锻炼能显著降低心脏病风险"。reducetherisk为固定搭配，意为"降低风险"。reduceto意为"减少到"，reduceby意为"减少了"，后需接具体数值，故选A。69.【参考答案】C【解析】由后半句"即使是初学者也能清楚地理解"可知，讲座应该是清晰易懂的。lucid意为"清晰的、易懂的"，符合语境。obscure意为"晦涩的"，intricate意为"复杂的"，ambiguous意为"模糊的"，均与句意相反，故选C。70.【参考答案】B【解析】judgingfrom...为固定搭配，意为"根据……来判断"，judging在此为副词性用法，不随主语变化。句意为"从他的口音来看，他一定来自中国东北地区"，故选B。71.【参考答案】A【解析】beduetodosth.意为"预计到某时发生/应做某事"，符合语境。句意为"新发布的指南预计将于下月替代旧指南"。beaboutto和begoingto后可直接接动词原形，但通常不与时间状语nextmonth连用，likely前缺少is，故选A。72.【参考答案】A【解析】由句中的than可知此处应用比较级。serious为多音节形容词，其比较级为moreserious。seriouset为错误拼写，mostserious为最高级，seriously为副词，均不符合语法要求，故选A。73.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查强调句型：Itwas+被强调部分+that+其他成分。本句强调主语therapiddevelopmentofmedicaltechnology，应用that引导。who用于强调人，which不能用于强调句，what不能用于强调句，故选B。74.【参考答案】A【解析】invest...in...表示"在……方面投资"，后面接动词不定式表目的。句意为"政府大力投资公共卫生以控制传染病的传播"。tocontain表目的，符合语法和语义要求，故选A。75.【参考答案】