广东2026年11月高中高一英语期中试卷及答案

广东2026年11月高中高一英语期中试卷及答案第1页共1页广东2026年11月高中高一英语期中试卷及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.IfIwereadoctor,Iwouldliketoworkinahospitalbecause______.A.IthinkitisverydangerousB.IwanttohelpthesickandinjuredC.IcanearnalotofmoneyeasilyD.Ienjoyworkingwithchemicals参考答案：B2.Theboy,whoisinterestedinmedicine,oftenreadsbooksaboutthehumanbodybecause______.A.hewantstobecomeafamouswriterB.hethinksitisveryboringC.hewantstounderstandhowdiseasesworkD.hewantstocollectrarebooks参考答案：C3.Ifyouwanttobecomeanurse,youneedtostudyhardinschoolbecause______.A.thejobisveryeasyB.youneedtolearnalotofmedicalknowledgeC.youcanworkfromhomeD.youwillmeetmanyfamouspeople参考答案：B4.ThewomanthatIspoketoyesterdayworksinahospitalandsheisverykindbecause______.A.shewantstobefamousB.sheloveshelpingpeopleC.sheneedsalotofmoneyD.shewantstostudymedicine参考答案：B5.Whatarethethreemainformsofmedicaltreatmentthatdoctorsuse?A.surgery,medicine,andphysicaltherapyB.cooking,swimming,anddancingC.reading,writing,anddrawingD.playing,singing,anddancing参考答案：A6.Describethefunctionofarelativeclauseinasentence.A.Itaddsextrainformationaboutanoun.B.Itchangesthemeaningofthesentencecompletely.C.Itisusedtoaskquestions.D.Itisusedtogivecommands.参考答案：A7.Explaintheconceptofsubject-verbagreementinEnglishsentences.A.Itmeansusingthesameverbformforallsubjects.B.Itmeansusingdifferentverbformsfordifferentsubjects.C.Itmeansnotusinganyverbsinthesentence.D.Itmeansusingonlyirregularverbsinthesentence.参考答案：B8.HowdoyouexpressfuturepossibilitiesinEnglishusingmodals?A.byusing"will"or"would"B.byusing"can"or"could"C.byusing"may"or"might"D.byusingalloftheabove参考答案：D9.Whattechnologyshouldbeusedtoimprovecommunicationbetweendoctorsandpatients?A.emailandtextmessagesB.socialmediaandchatroomsC.videocallsandtelemedicineD.alloftheabove参考答案：D10.Whatisoneofthekeyconsiderationswhenchoosingamedicalcareer?A.thesalaryandbenefitsB.theworkhoursandjobstabilityC.thetrainingrequiredandjobresponsibilitiesD.alloftheabove参考答案：D二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Ifyou_______tobeadoctor,youshouldhaveastrongsenseofresponsibility.A.wantB.wantedC.willwantD.wouldwant参考答案：A2.Thepatientwasadvisedto_______morewaterandlesscoffee.A.drinkB.drinksC.drinkingD.drank参考答案：A3._______sheisyoung,shehasalotofexperienceinthisfield.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.SoD.If参考答案：A4.Thedoctoraskedthepatientto_______slowlyandbreathedeeply.A.lieB.lyingC.liesD.lain参考答案：A5.Thepatient'sconditionimprovedsignificantlyafterhe_______themedication.A.tookB.takeC.takingD.takes参考答案：A6.Thenursewillcallyouwhenthedoctor_______.A.willcomeB.comesC.comeD.coming参考答案：B7.Itisimportanttofollowthedoctor'sinstructions_______.A.carefulB.carefullyC.careD.caring参考答案：B8.Thepatientshouldavoid_______spicyfoodsforthenextfewdays.A.eatB.eatingC.eatsD.ate参考答案：B9.Thedoctorwill_______thepatient'sprogressatthenextappointment.A.checkB.checksC.checkingD.checked参考答案：A10.Thepatientfeltmuchbetterafter_______thetreatment.A.receiveB.receivedC.receivingD.receives参考答案：C三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Ifyouwanttobeadoctor,youmustworkhardatschool.参考答案：√2.Thepatientshoulddrinkmorewaterwhenhehasafever.参考答案：√3.Thedoctoraskedthepatienttotakearestfortwodays.参考答案：√4.Itisimportanttofollowthedoctor'sadvice.参考答案：√5.Thepatientshouldavoideatingspicyfoodwhenhehasastomachache.参考答案：√6.Thenursewillcallyouwhenthedoctorcomes.参考答案：×7.Ifyoufeelsick,youshouldseeadoctorassoonaspossible.参考答案：√8.Thepatient'sconditionimprovedaftertakingthemedicine.参考答案：√9.Thedoctorwillcheckthepatient'sbloodpressure.参考答案：√10.Itisnotnecessarytofollowthedoctor'sadvice.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.Pleasebrieflydescribethestructureofatypicalhumancell.参考答案：①Cellmembrane:controlswhatentersandleavesthecell;②Cytoplasm:containsorganellesandiswheremostcellularactivitiesoccur;③Nucleus:containsgeneticmaterial(DNA)andcontrolscellactivities;④Mitochondria:generatesenergyforthecell;⑤Ribosomes:synthesizeproteins.2.Whatarethethreemainfunctionsofthecirculatorysystem?参考答案：①Transportofoxygenandnutrientstocells;②Removalofwasteproductsfromcells;③Immuneresponsetoprotectthebodyfrompathogens.3.Explainthedifferencebetweenmitosisandmeiosisintermsoftheiroutcomes.参考答案：①Mitosisresultsintwoidenticaldaughtercells,whilemeiosisresultsinfourgeneticallydiversedaughtercells;②Mitosisisusedforgrowthandrepair,whilemeiosisisusedforsexualreproduction;③Mitosismaintainsthesamechromosomenumber,whilemeiosisreducesthechromosomenumberbyhalf.4.Howdoestherespiratorysystemworktosupplyoxygentothebody?参考答案：①Nasalcavity:filters,warms,andhumidifiesair;②Tracheaandbronchi:conductairtothelungs;③Lungs:exchangeoxygenandcarbondioxidewiththeblood;④Alveoli:tinyairsacswheregasexchangeoccurs.5.Describetheroleofthekidneysinmaintaininghomeostasis.参考答案：①Filterwasteproductsfromblood;②Regulatebloodpressure;③Maintainelectrolytebalance;④Controlbloodvolume.6.Whataretheprimarysymptomsofdehydrationandhowcanitbeprevented?参考答案：①Symptoms:thirst,drymouth,fatigue,dizziness,decreasedurineoutput;②Prevention:drinkplentyofwater,especiallyinhotweatherorduringexercise,eatfruitsandvegetableswithhighwatercontent.7.Explaintheconceptofosmosisanditsimportanceinlivingorganisms.参考答案：①Osmosisisthemovementofwateracrossasemipermeablemembranefromanareaoflowsoluteconcentrationtoanareaofhighsoluteconcentration;②Itisimportantformaintainingcellturgorpressure,nutrientabsorption,andwasteremoval.8.Discusstheimpactofexerciseonthecardiovascularsystem.参考答案：①Exerciseincreasesheartrateandstrokevolume,improvingbloodcirculation;②Itstrengthenstheheartmuscle,makingitmoreefficient;③Regularexercisehelpslowerbloodpressureandreducestheriskofcardiovasculardiseases.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）（先阅读下面材料，再根据材料内容作答，答案写在对应题目下方的横线上）Apatientgoestothedoctorforacheck-up.Thedoctorasks,"Howhaveyoubeenfeeling?"Thepatientreplies,"I'vebeenfeelingtiredandweaklately."Thedoctorexaminesthepatientandasks,"Haveyoubeeneatingwell?"Thepatientanswers,"Notreally.I'vebeeneatingalotoffastfood."Thedoctorsuggests,"Youshouldeatmorefruitsandvegetablesandgetmoreexercise."Thepatientasks,"WhatshouldIdoifIfeelsick?"Thedoctorsays,"Youshouldrestmoreanddrinkmorewater."Thepatientleavesthedoctor'sofficefeelingbetterandmoreinformedabouthowtotakecareofhishealth.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thepatientissickandneedsmedicine.B.Thedoctortellsthepatienthowtostayhealthy.C.Thepatientasksthedoctormanyquestions.D.Thedoctorisverybusyanddoesn'thavetimeforthepatient.参考答案：B2.Whydoesthepatientgotothedoctor?A.Thepatientwantstogetanewjob.B.Thepatientwantstobuymedicine.C.Thepatientisnotfeelingwell.D.Thepatientwantstolearnabouthealthyeating.参考答案：C3.Whatdoesthedoctorsuggestthepatientdo?A.Eatmorefastfood.B.Eatmorefruitsandvegetables.C.Sleepless.D.Drinklesswater.参考答案：B4.Whatdoesthepatientaskthedoctor?A.Howtogetanewjob.B.Howtobuymedicine.C.Howtofeelbetter.D.Howtobecomeadoctor.参考答案：C5.Whatdoesthedoctortellthepatienttodoiftheyfeelsick?A.Eatmorefastfood.B.Restmoreanddrinkmorewater.C.Exercisemore.D.Seeanotherdoctor.参考答案：B6.Howdoesthepatientfeelafterleavingthedoctor'soffice?A.Tiredandweak.B.Betterandmoreinformed.C.Angryandupset.D.Sadandlonely.参考答案：B7.Whatisthepatient'smainproblem?A.Theydon'thaveajob.B.Theyarenoteatingwell.C.Theyarenotsleepingwell.D.Theyarenotexercisingenough.参考答案：B8.Whatisthedoctor'sjob?A.Ateacher.B.Anurse.C.Adoctor.D.Apatient.参考答案：C标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气。题干中的"IfIwereadoctor"是虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。选项B"Iwanttohelpthesickandinjured"符合虚拟语气的用法，表达了如果成为医生的真实愿望。选项A、C、D都不符合虚拟语气的用法和语境。2.参考答案：C解析：本题考查非谓语动词。题干中的"whoisinterestedinmedicine"是非谓语动词短语，作后置定语修饰"boy"。选项C"hewantstounderstandhowdiseaseswork"符合语境，表达了男孩对医学的兴趣。选项A、B、D都不符合语境和语法。3.参考答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气。题干中的"Ifyouwanttobecomeanurse"是虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。选项B"youneedtolearnalotofmedicalknowledge"符合虚拟语气的用法，表达了成为护士需要学习的知识。选项A、C、D都不符合虚拟语气的用法和语境。4.参考答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词。题干中的"thatIspoketoyesterday"是非谓语动词短语，作后置定语修饰"woman"。选项B"sheloveshelpingpeople"符合语境，表达了那位女士的性格特点。选项A、C、D都不符合语境和语法。5.参考答案：A解析：本题考查非谓语动词。题干中的"thatdoctorsuse"是非谓语动词短语，作后置定语修饰"formsofmedicaltreatment"。选项A"surgery,medicine,andphysicaltherapy"是医学治疗的常见形式，符合语境。选项B、C、D都不符合语境和常识。6.参考答案：A解析：本题考查非谓语动词。题干中的"functionofarelativeclause"是非谓语动词短语，作主语。选项A"Itaddsextrainformationaboutanoun"符合语境，解释了关系从句的功能。选项B、C、D都不符合语境和语法。7.参考答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词。题干中的"conceptofsubject-verbagreement"是非谓语动词短语，作主语。选项B"Itmeansusingdifferentverbformsfordifferentsubjects"符合语境，解释了主谓一致的概念。选项A、C、D都不符合语境和语法。8.参考答案：D解析：本题考查非谓语动词。题干中的"Howdoyouexpressfuturepossibilities"是非谓语动词短语，作宾语从句的主语。选项D"byusingalloftheabove"符合语境，表达了表达未来可能性的方法。选项A、B、C都不符合语境和语法。9.参考答案：D解析：本题考查非谓语动词。题干中的"technologyshouldbeused"是非谓语动词短语，作主语。选项D"alloftheabove"符合语境，表达了改善医患沟通的技术。选项A、B、C都不符合语境和常识。10.参考答案：D解析：本题考查非谓语动词。题干中的"Whatisoneofthekeyconsiderations"是非谓语动词短语，作主语。选项D"alloftheabove"符合语境，表达了选择医学职业的关键考虑因素。选项A、B、C都不符合语境和常识。二、填空题1.参考答案：A解析：本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意，表示对未来的愿望，应使用一般现在时。故选A。2.参考答案：A解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意，此处应使用动词原形作宾语补足语。故选A。3.参考答案：A解析：本题考查让步状语从句。根据句意，表示尽管年轻，但经验丰富，应使用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。4.参考答案：A解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意，此处应使用动词原形作宾语补足语。故选A。5.参考答案：A解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意，此处应使用动词原形作宾语补足语。故选A。6.参考答案：B解析：本题考查一般现在时。根据句意，表示将来的动作，应使用一般现在时。故选B。7.参考答案：B解析：本题考查副词。根据句意，此处应使用副词carefully修饰动词follow。故选B。8.参考答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意，此处应使用动名词作宾语。故选B。9.参考答案：A解析：本题考查一般现在时。根据句意，表示将来的动作，应使用一般现在时。故选A。10.参考答案：C解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意，此处应使用动名词作宾语。故选C。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：本题考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果你想成为一名医生，你必须在学校努力学习。”这是对将来的假设，所以要用虚拟语气，即“mustworkhard”。2.参考答案：√解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意为“当发烧时，病人应该多喝水。”这里用不定式短语“todrinkmorewater”作宾语补足语，表示目的。3.参考答案：√解析：本题考查倒装句。句意为“医生要求病人休息两天。”这里用“asked”的宾语从句，需要用倒装句式。4.参考答案：√解析：本题考查虚拟语气。句意为“遵循医生的忠告很重要。”这是对将来的假设，所以要用虚拟语气，即“shouldfollow”。5.参考答案：√解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意为“当胃痛时，病人应该避免吃辛辣食物。”这里用不定式短语“toavoideatingspicyfood”作宾语补足语，表示目的。6.参考答案：×解析：本题考查虚拟语气。句意为“当医生来时，护士会给你打电话。”这是对将来的假设，所以要用虚拟语气，即“wouldcall”。7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意为“当你感觉不舒服时，你应该尽快去看医生。”这里用不定式短语“toseeadoctor”作宾语补足语，表示目的。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查虚拟语气。句意为“病人服药后情况有所好转。”这是对将来的假设，所以要用虚拟语气，即“improved”。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意为“医生会检查病人的血压。”这里用不定式短语“tocheckthepatient'sbloodpressure”作宾语补足语，表示目的。10.参考答案：×解析：本题考查虚拟语气。句意为“遵循医生的忠告不是必要的。”这是对将来的假设，所以要用虚拟语气，即“shouldfollow”。四、简答题1.参考答案：①Cellmembrane:controlswhatentersandleavesthecell;②Cytoplasm:containsorganellesandiswheremostcellularactivitiesoccur;③Nucleus:containsgeneticmaterial(DNA)andcontrolscellactivities;④Mitochondria:generatesenergyforthecell;⑤Ribosomes:synthesizeproteins.解析：本题考查细胞结构。人体细胞的基本结构包括细胞膜、细胞质、细胞核、线粒体和核糖体。细胞膜控制物质进出，细胞质包含各种细胞器并进行大部分生命活动，细胞核含有遗传物质并调控细胞功能，线粒体提供能量，核糖体合成蛋白质。这些结构协同工作维持细胞正常运作。2.参考答案：①Transportofoxygenandnutrientstocells;②Removalofwasteproductsfromcells;③Immuneresponsetoprotectthebodyfrompathogens.解析：本题考查循环系统的三大功能。循环系统负责将氧气和营养物质运输到全身细胞，同时将代谢废物从细胞中清除，此外还参与免疫反应保护身体免受病原体侵害。这些功能对维持生命活动至关重要。3.参考答案：①Mitosisresultsintwoidenticaldaughtercells,whilemeiosisresultsinfourgeneticallydiversedaughtercells;②Mitosisisusedforgrowthandrepair,whilemeiosisisusedforsexualreproduction;③Mitosismaintainsthesamechromosomenumber,whilemeiosisreducesthechromosomenumberbyhalf.解析：本题考查有丝分裂与减数分裂的区别。有丝分裂产生两个遗传完全相同的子细胞，用于生长和修复；减数分裂产生四个遗传多样性高的子细胞，用于有性生殖。有丝分裂保持染色体数目不变，而减数分裂使染色体数目减半。4.参考答案：①Nasalcavity:filters,warms,andhumidifiesair;②Tracheaandbronchi:conductairtothelungs;③Lungs:exchangeoxygenandcarbondioxidewiththeblood;④Alveoli:tinyairsacswheregasexchangeoccurs.解析：本题考查呼吸系统如何为身体供氧。呼吸系统通过鼻腔过滤、加温、湿润空气，然后通过气管和支气管将空气输送到肺部。肺部的肺泡是氧气与血液交换二氧化碳的场所，这一过程通过扩散完成。5.参考答案：①Filterwasteproductsfromblood;②Regulatebloodpressure;③Maintainelectrolytebalance;④Controlbloodvolume.解析：本题考查肾脏维持稳态的作用。肾脏通过过滤血液中的废物形成尿液，调节血压，维持电解质平衡，控制血量，这些功能对维持体内环境稳定至关重要。6.参考答案：①Symptoms:thirst,drymouth,fatigue,dizziness,decreasedurineoutput;②Prevention:drinkple