湖北孝感市楚天协作体2025-2026学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北孝感市楚天协作体2025-2026学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Windy. B.Cold. C.Warm.【答案】B【原文】M:Theweatherisalittleunusualforthistimeoftheyear.Don’tyouthink,Janet?W:That’strue,Timothy.Butit’ssupposedtogetwarmerlaterintheweek.Atleastthewindhasstopped.2.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Explorethecity. B.Eatout. C.Gotothelibrary.【答案】B【原文】M:Sowhatdoyoufancytonight,Amber?I’mprettystarving.W:Well,Max,wehaven’ttriedthatnewKoreanplaceacrossfromtheCityLibrary.Sowhydon’twecheckitout?M:Soundsperfect.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atastore. B.Atabank. C.Atahotel.【答案】A【原文】W:Excuseme,couldyouhelpmewiththeself-checkout?M:Ofcourse,I’dbehappytohelp.Pressthestartbuttonandscanyourpurchases.Thenpressthepaybutton.Weacceptcardsandmobilepayments.4.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Ahouseowner. B.Arepairman. C.Ahouseagent.【答案】C【原文】M:Hello,MissCarter.Thanksformeetingmehereattheapartment.W:Oh,I’mexcitedtotakeacloserlook.M:Thisisoneofourmostpopularlistings.Itiswell-maintainedbythecurrentowners,soyoushouldn’thavetoworryaboutmajorrepairsanytimesoon.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theschoolwebsite.B.Theenvironmentalproject.C.Theroofrepairplan.【答案】B【原文】W:Haveyouseenthelatestupdateontheschoolwebsite?Thenewplanlooksgreat.M:Yes,Iliketheideaofbuildingavegetablegardenontheroof.It’saverysustainableproject.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatispeople’sattitudetowardtheman’steam?A.Critical. B.Confident. C.Uncertain.7.Whatdoesthemanseeasthemainchallenge?A.Histeam’sunstableperformances.B.Theopponents’unpredictablestrength.C.Pressurefromincreasedfanexpectations.【答案】6.B7.B【原文】W:Howareyoufeelingaboutthevolleyballnextweek?Yourteam’sdonebrilliantlytogetintothefinal!M:Yeah.Everyone’sprettyconvincedwe’llbebringinghomethewinners’cup,sothere’llbeloadsmorefansatthegamethanwe’reusedto.W:Sowilltherebeanychallenges?M:Well,theteamwe’replayingagainstisabitofanunknownquantity.Wedon’treallyknowwhatthey’recapableof.Imean,iftheyhappentobeontopform,astheywereearlierinthetournament,wemaystruggle.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatpercentageofthewoman’ssleepisdeepsleep?A.88%. B.70%. C.12%.9.Whatisthewoman’smainconcernaboutthesleeptracker?A.Causinganxiety.B.Showingcomplexdata.C.Beinginaccurate.10.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Checkdataweekly.B.Ignorethestatistics.C.Stopusingthetracker.【答案】8.C9.A10.A【原文】W:Thatnewsleeptrackeryourecommendedisfascinating...andslightlyterrifying.M:Howso?Thedata’sbeeneye-openingforme.W:Accordingtothis,for88%ofthetime,Idon’tgetintodeepsleep.M:What’syoursleepefficiency?W:85%lastnight,butitrangesfrom70%to90%.Honestly,knowingthismightbemakingmysleepproblemworse.M:Well,wemonitorsleeptoimproveit,butthemonitoringcausesstress.W:Exactly!Maybeignorancemakesiteasier.M:Tryusingitjustweeklyforsleeppatterns,likeyouraveragesleeptime.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatisthebenefitofinvolvingkidsinchoresaccordingtothestudy?A.Itcanimprovekids’concentration.B.Itallowsabetterparent-childrelationship.C.Ithelpswithkids’long-termdevelopment.12.Howshouldparentsassignchorestokids?A.Letkidschoosetasks.B.Setruleswithkids.C.Assignage-appropriatetasks.13.Whatdoparentsoftenpaylittleattentionto?A.Makingchoresfun. B.Beingarolemodel. C.Praisingtheirkids.【答案】11.C12.C13.B【原文】W:Dr.Evans,I’mnotsureifIshouldinsistonmykidsdoingchores.Doesitreallymatter?M:Absolutely.AstudypublishedinChildDevelopmentfoundthatchildrenwhoregularlytakeonhouseholdresponsibilitiesaremorelikelytobeambitiousandindependentadults.W:Thatmakessense,buthowdoIgetthemtodochoreswithoutconstantarguing?M:Thekeyistomatchtaskstothechild’sage.Foryoungerkids,startwithsmalljobs—likehavinga2-or3-year-oldputawaytoys.Around10or11,theycanhandlechangingbedsheets.W:AndhowdoIkeepthemmotivated?M:Startbymakingchoresfun,turningthemintoagame.Also,praisetheireffort—astarchartcanworkwell.Butmostimportantly,andthisisoftenoverlooked,betheexampleyouwantyourchildrentofollow.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatdoesElivaluemost?A.Creatingoriginaldesigns.B.Increasingbrandawareness.C.Gettinggoodacademicgrades.15.HowdidEliandhisbrotherinitiallystarttheirbusiness?A.Bycooperatingwithrelatives.B.Byconductingonlinesurveys.C.Bysellingtopeoplearoundthem.16.WhatwasthebiggestchallengeforEli?A.Choosingattractivelogos.B.Placinglargeordersofmaterials.C.Dealingwithcustomers’complaints.17.WhathelpsHabits365growsignificantly?A.Celebrities’promotion.B.Lowpricesofproducts.C.Followers’goodreviews.【答案】14.C15.C16.B17.A【原文】W:Attheageof17,EliZied,theseniorhighschoolstudentfromNewYorkCity,isalsotheCEOoftheup-and-comingfashionbrandHabits365.Eli,howdoyoubalanceyouracademiclifewithyourbusinessgoals?M:Asastudent,gettinggoodgradesisstillmymainpriority.W:Whatweresomeofthefirstthingsyoudidtostartyourbusinessintheverybeginning?M:Istartedoutcreatingdesignsandmakinglogos,andthenmyolderbrotherSpencercametohelpmewiththebusiness.Wegottheballrollingbysellingtoourclassmates,relatives,andthelike.W:Whatwasthebiggestchallengealongtheway?M:I’dsaythebiggestissuewastheriskofbuyinglargequantitiesofmaterialstobemorecost-efficient.Wehadtobeconfidentthatpeoplewouldlikeandbuyourproducts,soweranonlinesurveysamongourearlyfollowerstogetabettersenseofwhattheywanted.W:You’vegainedlotsofpublicitythroughcelebritiesandinfluencers,rangingfromNBAathletestosingers.Howdidyougoaboutcreatingsuchawidebase?M:Ibasicallycontactedmanyathletes,musicians,andotherswithstrongonlineinfluence.Havinginfluencerswearourproductshasbeenoneofthebiggestdriversofgrowth.Now,wehaveover80,000followers!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.WhatissaidaboutthebookTimeforWhatmatters?A.Itwillbepublishedsoon.B.Itshowshowtomasterattention.C.Ithasdifferentlanguageversions.19.WhatistheprimaryfunctionofDr.Martin’smethods?A.Reducingstress.B.Increasingefficiency.C.Discoveringmeaningfulactivities.20.WhatwillDr.Martindoafterherpresentation?A.Answerquestions. B.Meetsomereaders. C.Takeashortbreak.【答案】18.C19.A20.A【原文】W:Ladiesandgentlemen,thankyouforjoiningouronlinesession.Today,wewillbediscussingtimemanagementstrategies.Ourspeaker,Dr.SusanMartin,isarenownedexpertintimemanagement.Shehaswrittenseveralbestsellingbooksonthetopic,includingTheFocusedMind,whichshowsreadershowtomastertheirattention,andTimeforWhatMatters,apracticalguidetopriority-basedliving.Bothworkshavebeentranslatedintomultiplelanguagesandarereachingaglobalreadership.Thepresentationwilllastforabout45minutes,followedbya15-minuteQ&Asession.Duringthetalk,Dr.Martinwillcoverkeystrategies,includingsettingcleargoals,prioritizingtasks,andusingtimeblockingtechniques.Thesemethodsaredesignedtoincreaseefficiencyandcreatespaceformeaningfulactivities,and,aboveall,toreducestress—abenefitthatmanyfindbothfreshandvaluable.Tomakethemostofthissession,pleasetypeyourquestionsintothechatboxthroughoutthepresentation.Iwillselectsomeofthemostrepresentativequestions,andDr.Martinwilladdressthemafterhertalk.Thankyouagainforbeinghere—let’sbegin.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANonalcoholic(无酒精)WhiteRussian1serving（makes1drink）WhilenotaperfectcopyoftheoriginalWhiteRussian,thisversionringsmanyofthesamesensorybells.Tomakeitfeelevenmorespecial,springforthebestrootbeeryoucanfind;usingonemadewithqualityingredientsmakesanoticeabledifference.Wheretobuy:RockyMountainSodaCo.orSprecherBreweryCompanyrootbeercanbefoundatwell-stockedsupermarkets,specialtymarketsandonline.Totaltime:5minsFromfoodwriterAllisonRobicelli:Ingredients●4ouncescoldrootbeer,preferablyahigh-qualitycraftbrand(seeWheretobuy)●1teaspooninstantcoffeepowder(regularordecaf),plusmoreasneeded●Ice●2ouncesheavycreamSteps●Inarocksglass,gentlystirtogetherhalfoftherootbeerandthecoffeepowderuntilfullydissolved.Themixturewillfoamandbubbleandriseupintheglass.Letthefoamingsettle,thenaddtheremainingrootbeerandstirtocombine.●Addicetofill,thengentlypourinthecream.Ifyouwanttogetadistinctlayeredeffect,pourthecreamoverthebackofaspoon.Taste,andaddmorecoffeepowder,1/4teaspoonatatime,ifdesired.Serverightaway,stirringthesodamixtureandcreamtogetherjustbeforedrinking.Substitutions●Regularrootbeer>>dietrootbeer.●Dairy-free?>>Usenondairyheavycream.21.Whatisrecommendedformakingthedrinkmorespecial?A.Makethedrinkin5minutes. B.Mixthesodawithheavycream.C.Chooseahigh-qualityrootbeer. D.Addmoreinstantcoffeepowder.22.Whichofthefollowingstepsisinrightordertomakethedrink?①Addcream.②Dissolvecoffeepowder.③Fillglasswithice.④Stirinremainingbeer.A.②①③④ B.②④③① C.③④②① D.③①②④23.Whatcanbeusedasasubstituteifsomeoneavoidsdairy?A.Icecream. B.Dietrootbeer.C.Regularcoffeepowder. D.Nondairyheavycream.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了无酒精版白俄罗斯鸡尾酒的配方，包括所需原料、制作步骤及替代选项等内容。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Tomakeitfeelevenmorespecial,springforthebestrootbeeryoucanfind;usingonemadewithqualityingredientsmakesanoticeabledifference.(为了让它感觉更特别，选择你能找到的最好的根汁啤酒；使用由优质原料制成的会有明显区别。)”可知，为了让饮料更特别，建议选择高质量的根汁啤酒。故选C。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据Steps部分中“Inarocksglass,gentlystirtogetherhalfoftherootbeerandthecoffeepowderuntilfullydissolved.(在岩石杯中，将一半的根汁啤酒和咖啡粉轻轻搅拌至完全溶解。)”可知，②“溶解咖啡粉”排在第一步；根据“Letthefoamingsettle,thenaddtheremainingrootbeerandstirtocombine.(让泡沫沉淀，然后加入剩余的根汁啤酒并搅拌混合。)”可知，④“搅拌剩余的啤酒”排在第二步；根据“Addicetofill,thengentlypourinthecream.(加冰至满，然后轻轻倒入奶油。)”可知，③“将玻璃杯装满冰块”排在第三步，①“加入奶油”排在第四步。所以正确的顺序是②④③①。故选B。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Dairy-free?>>Usenondairyheavycream.(不含乳制品？>>使用非乳制品稠奶油。)”可知，如果有人避免乳制品，可以用非乳制品稠奶油作为替代。故选D。BDr.JewellParkerRhodesisapioneeringcreatorinchildren’sliteraturewhotacklessignificantissueslikesocialinequalityforayoungaudience.Dr.Rhodes’schoiceofaudience—youngerreaders—isthefirststepthatmakeshersuccessful.AsDr.Rhodessaid,“Iseechildren’slove.Iseechildren’sempathy,theircompassionforoneanother.”Youngerreadershavenoprejudice,andthereforewouldrespondtothesocialinjusticeinherbookswithoutjudgment.Hersuccessislargelyduetoawritingstyletailoredforchildren.Sheusessimple,conversationallanguagewithabundantdialogue,makinghernarrativeshighlyaccessibleandengaging.Additionally,sheintegratesappealingfantasticelementssuchasmermaids(美人鱼)andghosts,whichdrawyoungreadersandencouragethemtoexplorethedeeperthemeswithinherbooks.InGhostBoys,theblackcharacterJeromeisfatallyshotbyapoliceofficerwhileplayingwithatoygun,atragedyarisingfromracialprejudice.Thesenarrativesrevealsystemicinjusticeandinspirecrucialdiscussionsamongyoungreaders.Notably,Rhodes’sworkgoesbeyondanger,aiminginsteadtopromotecompassionandhope.Shebelievesthatbyaddressingdifficulthistories,childrencanbeempoweredto“maketheworldbetter.”ThisvisionisreflectedincharacterslikeSarahinGhostBoys,thedaughterofthesamepoliceofficer,whogrowsuptoadvocateforjustice.AsnotedbyKirkusReviews,herbooksofferdeepcriticalinsightandchallengereaderstowardself-definition.Insummary,throughherstrategicchoiceofaudience,accessiblestyle,andpowerfulyethopefulstorytelling,Dr.Rhodesservesasagroundbreaker.Herbooksequipthenextgenerationwiththeawarenessandempathyneededtoenvisionandcreateamoreinclusivefuture,embodyingherhopethattheseyoungreaderswillhelpeliminateracialprejudice.24.WhydoesDr.Rhodeschoosetowriteforchildren?A.Childrenneedcompassionforothers.B.Childrenprefersocialinequalityissues.C.Childrenrespondwithnaturalempathy.D.Childrenhavenojudgmentforliterature.25.WhichofthefollowingisapartofRhodes’swritingstyle?A.Formalgrammar. B.Imaginaryfeatures.C.Straightnarratives. D.Abundantvocabulary.26.WhatcanwefindinRhodes’sworkaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Visionofhope. B.Promotionofanger.C.Insightintojustice. D.reflectiononhistory.27.WhatisRhodes’shopeforheryoungreaders?A.Torebuildtheworld. B.Tochallengeinjustice.C.Toavoiddifficulttopics. D.Toadvocatepersonalsuccess.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.B【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍儿童文学先驱JewellParkerRhodes博士的创作理念、写作风格，及其作品对年轻读者的影响与创作愿景。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“AsDr.Rhodessaid,“Iseechildren’slove.Iseechildren’sempathy,theircompassionforoneanother.’Youngerreadershavenoprejudice,andthereforewouldrespondtothesocialinjusticeinherbookswithoutjudgment.(正如Rhodes博士所说：“我看到了孩子们的爱。我看到了孩子们的同理心，他们对彼此的同情。”年轻读者没有偏见，因此会不带评判地回应她书中的社会不公)”可知，Rhodes博士选择为儿童写作，是因为儿童拥有天然的同理心，能无偏见地回应书中的社会议题。故选C项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Additionally,sheintegratesappealingfantasticelementssuchasmermaids(美人鱼)andghosts,whichdrawyoungreadersandencouragethemtoexplorethedeeperthemeswithinherbooks.(此外，她融入了吸引人的奇幻元素，如美人鱼和鬼魂，这些元素吸引年轻读者，并鼓励他们探索书中更深层次的主题)”可知，Rhodes博士的写作风格包含奇幻元素，即想象性的特征。故选B项。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Notably,Rhodes’sworkgoesbeyondanger,aiminginsteadtopromotecompassionandhope.Shebelievesthatbyaddressingdifficulthistories,childrencanbeempoweredto“maketheworldbetter.”(值得注意的是，Rhodes的作品超越了愤怒，而是旨在促进同情和希望。她认为，通过讲述艰难的历史，孩子们可以获得力量去“让世界变得更美好”)”可知，Rhodes的作品中蕴含着希望的愿景。故选A项。【27题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Herbooksequipthenextgenerationwiththeawarenessandempathyneededtoenvisionandcreateamoreinclusivefuture,embodyingherhopethattheseyoungreaderswillhelpeliminateracialprejudice.(她的书为下一代提供了构想和创造更包容未来所需的意识和同理心，体现了她希望这些年轻读者能帮助消除种族偏见的愿望)”可知，Rhodes博士希望年轻读者能助力消除种族偏见，即挑战不公。故选B项。CForcenturies,theRhineRiverhasbeencelebratedasthelifelineofEurope,avitalwaterwayforcommerce,culture,andecology.However,astudypublishedinJanuary2026revealsatroublingmodernreality:thishistoricrivernowactsasamassiveconveyorbeltforrubbish,carryingbetween3,000and4,700tonsoflargegarbageintotheNorthSeaeverysingleyear.Howcouldsuchavastamountofwastehavebeenmissed?Theanswerliesinarevolutionarynewresearchmethod.Foranentireyear,researchersworkedwithlocalcitizenscientiststooperateaspecialfloatingdevicecalledalittertrap.Thisdevicefiltered(过滤)waterfromthesurfacedownto80centimetersdeep.Unlikeoldermethodsthatreliedonbriefvisualsurveys,thislong-termphysicalcollectionrecordedthetrue,disorganizedflowofgarbage.Thedatashowedenormouschanges,withtheamountofrubbishcollectedinatwo-weekperiodvaryingwildlyfromasfewas67piecestoover2,700,accountingforwhyshort-termobservationsfailedtogetthefullpicture.Thecollectedgarbagetellsaclearstoryaboutitsorigins.Detailedanalysisshowedthatwhileplasticitemsmadeupabout70%ofallpieces,theyweremostlylightweight,only15%ofthetotalweight.Moreimportantly,over56%ofallrubbishwaslinkeddirectlytothechoicesofindividualconsumers,withitemslikefoodwrappersandbeverage(饮料)bottlesbeingmostcommon.Specificactivitiesalsolefttheirmark,withlitterfromfireworksmakingup10.7%ofthetotalandtobacco-relatedwastelikecigarettebuttscontributinganother6.5%.Thisyear-longproject,poweredinpartbydedicatedvolunteers,provesthatlong-term,hands-onmonitoringisessentialtomeasureenvironmentalchallengesaccurately.Itprovidesapowerfulmodelforhowcommunitiesandscientistscanworktogethertogathertheevidenceneededforaction.TheRhine’sstoryisnolongerjustaboutitsscenicbeautyoreconomicimportance;itisanurgentcalltoaddressthetideofwasteourmodernlifestylecreates,beforeitallwashesouttosea.28.Whatisthemainfindingofthe2026studyontheRhineRiver?A.Ithasavitalstatusinhistory.B.ItflowsintotheNorthSeaeveryyear.C.Itbecomesacarrierofmassiverubbish.D.Itlosestheroleasawaterwayforecology.29.Whichofthefollowingcontributedtooldmethods’failure?A.Notinvolvinglocalvolunteers.B.Lackingrecordeddataofadvancedtools.C.Onlycollectingwaterfromthesurface.D.Missingdramaticchangesinshortsurveys.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthefiguresinparagraph3?A.Fireworkswerethemostpollutedactivity.B.Smokinghadlittleeffectontheenvironment.C.Mostrubbishcamefrompersonalconsumption.D.Plasticsmadeupmostoftheweight.31.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.Toanalyseoriginsofrivergarbage.B.Toemphasizepollutionandurgeaction.C.Toexplainanewmethodtoclearrubbish.D.Topraisetheprojectledbyvolunteers.【答案】28.C29.D30.C31.B【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了2026年一项研究发现莱茵河成为大量垃圾的运输带，新研究方法揭示问题根源并呼吁采取行动应对污染。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,astudypublishedinJanuary2026revealsatroublingmodernreality:thishistoricrivernowactsasamassiveconveyorbeltforrubbish,carryingbetween3,000and4,700tonsoflargegarbageintotheNorthSeaeverysingleyear.(然而，2026年1月发表的一项研究揭示了一个令人不安的现代现实：这条历史悠久的河流现在成了一个巨大的垃圾运输带，每年将3000至4700吨大型垃圾运入北海)”可知，2026年关于莱茵河的研究主要发现是它成了大量垃圾的运输带。故选C。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thedatashowedenormouschanges,withtheamountofrubbishcollectedinatwo-weekperiodvaryingwildlyfromasfewas67piecestoover2,700,accountingforwhyshort-termobservationsfailedtogetthefullpicture.(数据显示，变化巨大，两周内收集的垃圾数量从67件到2700多件不等，这解释了为什么短期观察无法全面了解情况)”可知，旧方法失败的原因是短期调查中错过了巨大的变化。故选D。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Moreimportantly,over56%ofallrubbishwaslinkeddirectlytothechoicesofindividualconsumers,withitemslikefoodwrappersandbeverage(饮料)bottlesbeingmostcommon.(更重要的是，超过56%的垃圾直接与个人消费者的选择有关，其中食品包装纸和饮料瓶最为常见)”可知，从第三段的数据中我们可以了解到大多数垃圾来自个人消费。故选C。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“TheRhine’sstoryisnolongerjustaboutitsscenicbeautyoreconomicimportance;itisanurgentcalltoaddressthetideofwasteourmodernlifestylecreates,beforeitallwashesouttosea.(莱茵河的故事不再仅仅是关于它的风景之美或经济重要性；它是在所有垃圾被冲入大海之前，迫切呼吁解决我们现代生活方式所造成的垃圾潮问题)”可知，文章的主要目的是强调污染问题并呼吁采取行动。故选B。DDidyousplurge(挥霍)onBlackFridaythisyear?Theanswermaydependonyourincome.Inadeparturefromlong-heldconventions,thisyear’sholidayspendingpatternssofarhavebeenlargelydrivenbyhouseholdincome,accordingtonewdataprovidedtoTheWashingtonPostbyConsumerEdge.Therichesthouseholds,withincomesover$150,000,spent3percentmorebetweenBlackFridayandCyberMondaythantheydidayearago.Shopperswithhouseholdincomeslessthan$40,000,meanwhile,pulledback,spending2percentlessthantheydidinthesameperiodlastyear,whentheoppositewastrue:Spendingbylower-incomefamiliespickedupatafasterratethanotherincomegroups.Thisyear,however,stubbornlyhighpriceshaveleftmanyofthesefamiliessittingouttheunofficialshoppingholidayaltogether.Forthefirsttime,thetop10percentofAmericansaccountfornearlyhalfofallspending,upfromabout35percentintheearly1990s.Thatdynamichasbeenparticularlypronouncedthisholidayseason,asretailersturntodeepdiscountstowinovercustomers.Forthewealthy,thisweekendservesasanopportunitytoscoreluxurieslikewinefridgesatdeepdiscounts.Butformuchofthecountry,thosedealsfeelasoutofreachasever,aspeoplestruggletokeepupwitheverydaybills.Thewideningspendingsplitreflectsalargerdivideacrosstheeconomy.Lower-andmiddle-incomeAmericanshavebeenhardhitbyrisingcostsforutilities(水电费),foodandhousing,whicharemakingittoughertoaffordthebasics.Theyareincreasinglyfallingbehindoncreditcardsandcarloansandarepullingbackonspendingasaresult.Meanwhile,wealthierAmericanshavecontinuedtospendgenerously,boostedbyrisinghomevalues,stockmarketgainsandoutsizeincomegrowth.“Thisyearlooksdifferentfromtherest:Nomatterhowyoulookatit,uneveneconomicconditionsareshapingpeople’sspending,”saidMichaelGunther,headofinsightsatConsumerEdge.32.Whatcanbeinferredaboutlastyear’sspendingpattern?A.Itwasdeterminedbyeconomicgrowth.B.Itwaslargelyvariedacrossincomegroups.C.Itwaslessinfluencedbyeconomicinequality.D.Itwasbalancedbetweenincomeandspending.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dynamic”inparagraph3referto?A.Theretailers’deepdiscountsstrategy.B.Thewealthy’snear-halfspendingshare.C.Thestubbornpricesofeverydayessentials.D.Therisingtrendofpurchasingluxurygoods.34.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?A.Itdescribesthestrugglesinpayingbills.B.Itintroducesdifferentconsumptioncustoms.C.Ithighlightstheoverallincreaseofholidaysales.D.Itexplainseconomiccausesforthespendinggap.35.WhyisMichaelGunther’swordsquoted?A.Togiveaconcreteexampleforthetrend.B.Tomakeasummaryofthekeyargument.C.Toofferasolutiontotheeconomicproblem.D.Toprovideanopposingviewforfurtherdebate.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.B【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，主要分析了今年“黑色星期五”期间出现的消费分化新趋势：高收入家庭支出增加，而低收入家庭支出减少。文章探讨了这种分化背后的经济原因（如高物价对低收入家庭的冲击、资产增值对高收入家庭的助推），并指出这反映了更广泛的经济不平等。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Therichesthouseholds,withincomesover$150,000,spent3percentmorebetweenBlackFridayandCyberMondaythantheydidayearago.Shopperswithhouseholdincomeslessthan$40,000,meanwhile,pulledback,spending2percentlessthantheydidinthesameperiodlastyear,whentheoppositewastrue:Spendingbylower-incomefamiliespickedupatafasterratethanotherincomegroups.(年收入超过15万美元的最富裕家庭，在黑色星期五到网络星期一期间的消费比一年前增长了3%。与此同时，家庭收入低于4万美元的消费者却缩减了开支，消费额比去年同期下降了2%。而去年的情况恰恰相反：低收入家庭的消费增速高于其他收入群体。)”可知，去年低收入者消费增长更快，与今年贫富差距导致的消费分化不同，由此可推断去年受经济不平等的影响较小。故选C。【33题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Forthefirsttime,thetop10percentofAmericansaccountfornearlyhalfofallspending,upfromabout35percentintheearly1990s.Thatdynamichasbeenparticularlypronouncedthisholidayseason(首次，收入最高的10%的美国人占所有消费的近一半，而20世纪90年代初这一比例约为35%。这种dynamic在今年假日季尤为明显)”可知，而20世纪90年代初那个dynamic约为35%，这里dynamic指的是前文提到的收入最高的10%的美国人占所有消费的近一半这一情况。选项B“Thewealthy’snear-halfspendingshare.(富人近一半的消费份额。)”符合题意。故选B。【34题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Thewideningspendingsplitreflectsalargerdivideacrosstheeconomy.Lower-andmiddle-incomeAmericanshavebeenhardhitbyrisingcostsforutilities(水电费),foodandhousing,whicharemakingittoughertoaffordthebasics.(消费差距的扩大反映了整个经济中更大的分化。中低收入美国人受到水电费、食品和住房成本上升的严重打击，这使得他们更难负担基本生活费用。)”可知，本段主要解释了造成消费差距的经济原因。故选D。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thisyearlooksdifferentfromtherest:Nomatterhowyoulookatit,uneveneconomicconditionsareshapingpeople’sspending(今年看起来与众不同：无论你怎么看，不均衡的经济状况正在影响人们的消费)”以及前文对今年消费模式因收入不同而不同以及造成这种差距的经济原因的阐述可知，引用MichaelGunther的话是对前文关键论点的总结。故选B。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thisscientificallyproventrickisatotalgame-changerforanyonewhocooks.Weallknowthefamiliarsting;youstartchoppinganoniononlytoendupwithtearsstreamingdownyourface.Whydoesthishappen?____36____Whenyoucutanonion,youbreakitscells,releasingsulfur(硫磺)compoundsthatformagas.Thisgasmixeswiththenaturalmoistureinyoureyes,creatingamildacidthatcausesirritation(刺激).____37____Thisisaprotectivereaction,notanemotionalcry.Theothermajorcauseistinydroplets.Asaknife—especiallyablunt(钝的)one—pressesintotheonion,itsqueezestheinnerliquid.Whentheskinbreaks,thisliquidformsdropletsthatsplashupward,directlyintoyoureyes.____38____Asharpknifeslicescleanly,causingfarlesstissuepressureanddropletspraythanadullone.Usingablunttoolmakesthetearproblemmuchworse.Furthermore,theseflyingdropletsposeanadditionalhealthrisk.____39____Ifpresent,thesegermscanbespreadaroundyourkitchenbythesamedropletsthatmakeyoucry,increasinginfectionrisk.Therefore,asharpknifeisatoolforbothcomfortandsafety.Whatisthebestsolution?Simplysharpenyourknives.Thestudytestedcommontipslikewashingonionsincoldwaterorcoolingtheminthefridge,andfoundtheydidnotwork.____40____Butforasimpler,science-backedmethodtominimizetearsandmess,asharpbladeisyourmosteffectivechoice.A.Onionscansometimescarrybacteria.B.Noteveryoneneedsprotectionwhileslicingonions.C.Thisfindinghighlightstheimportanceofyourknife.D.Inresponse,youreyesproducetearstowashtheirritantaway.E.Forcompleteprotection,safetyglassescreateareliablebarrier.F.Researchersnowhaveuncoveredbothachemicalandaphysicalreason.G.Thisuncomfortablesituationkicksyoureyesintofull-onprotectionmode.【答案】36.F37.D38.C39.A40.E【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了切洋葱时流泪的原因，并指出使用锋利的刀是减少流泪和杂乱的最有效方法。【36题详析】上文“Whydoesthishappen?(为什么会这样呢？)”提出了切洋葱时流泪的原因这一问题，空后“Whenyoucutanonion,youbreakitscells,releasingsulfur(硫磺)compoundsthatformagas.Thisgasmixeswiththenaturalmoistureinyoureyes,creatingamildacidthatcausesirritation(刺激).(当你切洋葱时，你会破坏它的细胞，释放出形成气体的硫化合物。这种气体与你眼睛中的天然水分混合，产生一种引起刺激的弱酸。)”具体解释了切洋葱时流泪的化学原因，以及“Theothermajorcauseistinydroplets.(另一个主要原因是微小水滴。)”指出了切洋葱时流泪的物理原因。选项F“Researchersnowhaveuncoveredbothachemicalandaphysicalreason.(研究人员现在发现了化学和物理两个方面的原因。)”符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用。故选F。【37题详析】上文“Thisgasmixeswiththenaturalmoistureinyoureyes,creatingamildacidthatcausesirritation(刺激).(这种气体与你眼睛中的天然水分混合，产生一种引起