江西九江市2026届下学期第二次高考模拟统一考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西九江市2026届下学期第二次高考模拟统一考试英语试卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASharedmobilityserviceslikecarsharesandbikesharesbenefittheenvironmentgreatly,yetthey’refarfromequallyaccessibletoeveryone.InEuropeanandUScities,suchservicesgatherinwell-offareas,mainlyservingyounger,wealthier,able-bodiedgroups.Disabled,elderly,low-incomepeople,orthosewithoutsmartphonesandcreditcardsoftenstruggletousethem,creatingabigaccessibilitygap.Asakeypartofsustainabletransportation,sharedmobilitycouldcuturbanvehiclesby90%andemissionsby50%ifitwidelyreplacesprivatecars.Butobviousgapsexist:whiteAmericanshavefarmoresharedmobilityspotsnearbythanAfricanAmericans,whoalsowaitlongerforride-hailing(网约车)services.Cost,lackofdigitalaccessandunfamiliaritywiththesystemsaremajorbarriersforlow-incomepeopleofcolor.Thankfully,solutionsareemerging.Publieagenciesofferingsubsidiesandcashpaymentoptionsfordisadvantagedcommunities.NonprofitslikeSharedMobilityInc.settingupfreee-bikelibrarieswithtrainingfornewriders.EuropeanprogramssuchasMobitwinprovidingvolunteerrideservicesfortheelderlyviaphonecalls,valuinghumanconnectionoverdigitalapps.AustriancarshareTimaddingwheelchair-friendlyvehiclesandfreechildseatstocatertowomenandfamilies.Truesustainablesharedmobilitystartswithmeetingeveryone’sneeds,notjustchasingprofits.1.Whoarethemainusersofsharedmobilityservices?A.Youngandrichpeople. B.Disabledelderlypeople.C.Peoplewithlowincome. D.Peoplewithoutsmartphones.2.Whatisthetotalpercentageoflow-incomepeopleofcolorfacingthreebarriers?A.48%. B.53%. C.69%. D.104%.3.Whichcanprobablyhighlighthumanbond?A.Publicagencies. B.SharedMobilityInc. C.Mobitwin. D.Tim.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。共享出行虽环保却存在易使用性差距，低收入有色人种面临多重障碍，多地正通过补贴、人工服务等方式改善，以满足所有人需求。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“InEuropeanandUScities,suchservicesgatherinwell-offareas,mainlyservingyounger,wealthier,able-bodiedgroups.Disabled,elderly,low-incomepeople,orthosewithoutsmartphonesandcreditcardsoftenstruggletousethem,creatingabigaccessibilitygap.(在欧美城市，此类服务主要集中在富裕地区，主要服务于年轻、富有、身体健全的群体。残疾人、老年人、低收入人群，或者没有智能手机和信用卡的人往往难以使用这些服务，造成了巨大的可及性差距)”可知，共享出行服务的主要用户是年轻且富裕的人群。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据图表数据：障碍1（不熟悉系统）34%，障碍2（成本高）48%，障碍3（担心骚扰或犯罪）22%。计算：34%+48%+22%=104%，可知，面临三种障碍的低收入有色人种的总比例是104%。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据表格中“EuropeanprogramssuchasMobitwinprovidingvolunteerrideservicesfortheelderlyviaphonecalls,valuinghumanconnectionoverdigitalapps.(诸如“Mobitwin”之类的欧洲项目通过电话为老年人提供志愿乘车服务，重视人际联系而非数字应用程序)”可知，Mobitwin可能突出人类的情感纽带。故选C。BAteacherexplainedonsocialmediathatfornearly30years,she’susedthesameapproachwithstudentswhoalreadyarrivewithareputation.Youknowtheones—thekidseveryteacherhearsaboutbeforetheschoolyearevenbegins.Insteadofpretendingshehasn’theardthewarnings,shedoessomethingunexpected.Beforetheyearstarts,shefindsoutwhothose“notorious”(名声在外的)studentsare—nottojudgethem,buttounderstandthem.Thenshevisitstheirformerteachersandasksjustonequestion:“Iknowtheyweredifficult,butwhat’ssomethinggoodaboutthem?”Sometimesit’s“he’sagoodfootballplayer,”or“she’satalentedartist.”Allsheneedsisonestrength.Onthefirstdayofclasswhenthatstudentwalkedin,shegreetedhimwith,“I’veheardaboutyou.”Atthispoint,thekidwasreadyfortheusualspeech:“You’dbetternotcausetroubleinmyclass…”Butshechangedthescript.“You’rethatgreatfootballplayerI’vebeenhearingabout.”Instantly,hiswholefacechanged.Fromthere,shepraisedhiminclassandtoldhim,“Ifyoukeepthisupallweek,I’mcallingyourmomordadwithgoodnews.”The13-year-oldboy’smotherinitiallyavoidedhercall,assumingitwasbadnews.Insteadofcomplaining,theteacherflippedthescript.Whentoldhersonwasamazing,themothercried.Theteachercaughthimbeinggoodandthatkidspenttherestoftheyeartryingtoliveuptothatversionofhimself.Goodnewsispowerful.Andthatlessongoesfarbeyondtheclassroom.Findingthegoodisn’tjustforteachersworkingwith“troubled”students.Itcantransformfamilies,friendships,workplaces,andeverypartoflife.4.Whydoestheteacheraskabout“notorious”students?A.Tofigureouttheiradvantage.B.Toknowtheiracademicresults.C.Toconfirmtheirbadreputation.D.Tochecktheirfamilybackground.5.Whatcanweinferaboutthestudentfromparagraph4?A.Hedidn’tgetalongwithhisparents.B.Hegotusedtobeingnegativelyjudged.C.Hewaswell-knownamongalltheteachers.D.Hewasatrouble-makerintheteacher’sclass.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“flippedthescript”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Wroteabetterplayscript.B.Recordedtheirconversation.C.Changedtheusualapproach.D.Expressedherdisappointment.7.Whatdoestheteacher’sstoryteachus?A.Aimhigh,reachhigh. B.Learnmore,knowmore.C.Seegood,getgood. D.Speakclear,hearclear.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位教师在社交媒体上分享自己如何通过发现“问题学生”的优点来改变他们，进而强调发现美好的力量不仅限于教育领域，还可以影响生活的方方面面。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thenshevisitstheirformerteachersandasksjustonequestion:“Iknowtheyweredifficult,butwhat’ssomethinggoodaboutthem?”Sometimesit’s“he’sagoodfootballplayer,”or“she’satalentedartist.”Allsheneedsisonestrength.(然后，她会拜访他们以前的老师，只问一个问题：“我知道他们很难相处，但他们有什么优点呢?”有时是“他是个优秀的足球运动员”，或者“她是个有才华的艺术家”。她所需要的只是一点优势)可知，老师询问“名声在外”的学生是为了找出他们的优点。故选A项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Onthefirstdayofclasswhenthatstudentwalkedin,shegreetedhimwith,“I’veheardaboutyou.”

Atthispoint,thekidwasreadyfortheusualspeech:“You’dbetternotcausetroubleinmyclass…”(第一天上课的时候，那个学生走进来，她跟他打招呼说：“我听说过你。”此时，孩子已经准备好听那套老生常谈：“你最好不要在我的课上捣乱……”)可知，这个学生认为老师会给他警告，说明他已经习惯了被负面评价。故选B项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据第五段中“The13-year-oldboy’smotherinitiallyavoidedhercall,assumingitwasbadnews.Insteadofcomplaining,theteacherflippedthescript.Whentoldhersonwasamazing,themothercried.(这位13岁男孩的母亲起初不接她的电话，以为是坏消息。老师没有抱怨，而是“flippedthescript”。当被告知她的儿子很棒时，母亲哭了)可知，母亲原本以为老师打电话来是抱怨孩子的问题，但老师却表扬了孩子，所以“flippedthescript”意思是“改变了通常的做法”。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Goodnewsispowerful.Andthatlessongoesfarbeyondtheclassroom.Findingthegoodisn’tjustforteachersworkingwith“troubled”students.Itcantransformfamilies,friendships,workplaces,andeverypartoflife.(好消息是强大的。这一教训远远超出了课堂的范围。发现美好不仅仅是为了那些与“问题学生”打交道的老师。它可以改变家庭、友谊、工作场所和生活的方方面面)可知，老师的故事告诉我们看到好的方面，就会得到好的结果。故选C项。CModernagriculture’spursuitofhigheryieldsissilentlydestroyingtheveryfoundationofourfoodsystem:soilresilience(韧劲).Thisvitalconceptreferstothecapacityofsoiltoresist,adapttoandrecoverfromdisturbances—whetherfromroutinefarmingorextremeenvironmentaleventssuchasdroughtsandfloods.Arecentcomprehensivestudyfoundthatwidespreadintensivepracticeslikeplowing,fertilizerapplication,andirrigationaresteadilyweakeningthiscriticalcapacity.Whileboostingshort-termproduction,thesemethodsremovepreciousorganicmatter,compact(压实)theground,anddisturbitsdelicateecosystem.Consequently,soilsbecomelessabletocopewithstresses,leadingtoworseningerosion(侵蚀)anddeclininglong-termproductivity.Theresearch,publishedinthejournalNPJSustainableAgriculture,identifiesseveralseverethreats.Theforemostiserosiondrivenbyover-ploughinganddeforestation,whichremovesfertilelayersthattookcenturiestodevelop.Othermajorrisksincludepollutionfrompesticidesandmicroplastics,aswellascompactionfromheavymachinery.Scientistsemphasizethatsoilsupportsaround95%ofglobalfoodproductionandstoresmorecarbonthanalltheworld’sforestscombinedandthedeclineofitisthereforeaprofoundenvironmentalcrisis.AccordingtoleadauthorDr.AlisonCarswell,healthyresilientsoilsarecentralnotonlytothefoundationoffoodsecuritybutalsotobiodiversityandclimatestability.Shecautionsthatmanycurrentpracticesriskpushingfarmingsystemstowardpermanent“tippingpoints”ofcollapse—pointsofnoreturn—threateningglobaltradeandstability.Thesecomplexchallengesdemandourattention.Thepathforwardrequiresfarmerstobalanceimmediateproductivitywithlong-termsoilhealth.Alternativesrangingfromconservationfarmingtointegratedpestmanagementcanhelprestoreresilience.However,mostsolutionsinvolvedifficultchoices,ordifficultcompromises,demandingastrategicshiftinlandmanagement.WiththeUNestimatingone-thirdofglobalsoilsalreadydamaged,andfooddemandrising,thecallforchangeisincreasinglyurgent.Thispressingissueaffectseveryone.AsDr.Carswellconcludes,“Breakingthecycleofsoildamageispossible,butitdemandsafundamentalrethinking—prioritizingresilienceforthecomingdecades,notjustthenextseason.”8.Howdoestheauthorexplainsoilresilience?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bydefiningitdirectly.C.Bymakingacomparison.D.Bycitingresearchfindings.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph2?A.Foodproduction. B.Carbonstorage. C.Theforest. D.Thesoil.10.WhatdoesDr.Carswelladvocate?A.Valuingpresentfarmingmethods.B.Prioritizingshort-termproductivity.C.Focusingonlong-termsoilhealth.D.Raisingfarmingproductivitygreatly.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ModernAgricultureIsDestroyingSoil.B.TechnologyIsRevolutionizingFarming.C.LandManagementNeedsUrgentChange.D.FoodSecurityRequiresRethinkingNow.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了现代农业追求高产的做法正在悄然破坏土壤的韧性。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thisvitalconceptreferstothecapacityofsoiltoresist,adapttoandrecoverfromdisturbances—whetherfromroutinefarmingorextremeenvironmentaleventssuchasdroughtsandfloods.(这个至关重要的概念指的是土壤抵抗、适应和从干扰中恢复的能力——无论是来自常规农业还是极端环境事件，如干旱和洪水。)”可知，作者直接用下定义的方法解释了土壤韧性。故选B。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Scientistsemphasizethatsoilsupportsaround95%ofglobalfoodproductionandstoresmorecarbonthanalltheworld’sforestscombinedandthedeclineofitisthereforeaprofoundenvironmentalcrisis.(科学家强调，土壤支持着全球约95%的粮食生产，储存的碳比世界上所有森林的总和还要多，因此它的衰退是一场深刻的环境危机。)”可知，it指代的是前文提到的“soil”，即土壤。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thepathforwardrequiresfarmerstobalanceimmediateproductivitywithlong-termsoilhealth.(前进的道路要求农民平衡短期生产力和长期土壤健康。)”和“Breakingthecycleofsoildamageispossible,butitdemandsafundamentalrethinking—prioritizingresilienceforthecomingdecades,notjustthenextseason.(打破土壤破坏的循环是可能的，但这需要从根本上重新思考——优先考虑未来几十年的韧性，而不仅仅是下一个季节。)”可知，Carswell博士主张关注长期土壤健康。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Modernagriculture’spursuitofhigheryieldsissilentlydestroyingtheveryfoundationofourfoodsystem:soilresilience.(现代农业对高产的追求正在悄然破坏我们粮食系统的基础：土壤韧性。)”和文章接下来详细阐述了现代农业对土壤的破坏以及改变土地管理方式的紧迫性可知，文章主要讨论的是现代农业正在破坏土壤。故选A。DPoisoningbyleadisusuallythoughtofasadiseaseofrelativelymoderncivilisations.YetinapaperjustpublishedinScienceAdvancesAlyssonMuotri,ageneticistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegoandhiscolleaguesshowedthatitwasalsocommonamonghumanity’spre-industrialancestors.Dr.Muotriandhisteammadetheirdiscoverywhilestudyingancientteeth.Theresearchersstudied51teethfromhumansandtheirrelatives,coveringthepast2millionyears.Totheirsurprise,leadturnedouttobepresentin37ofthesamples.Thelevelsofleadinmanyoftheteethwerehigh,withsomeasgreatas50partspermillion.ThisleftDr.Muotricuriousabouthowancienthumanscopedwithsuchhighexposures.Tofindout,hegrewlittlepieceofbrain-liketissueknownasbrainorganoids(脑类器官).Someoftheorganoidsweremadefromcellswhosegenomes(基因组)containedaversionofagenecalledneuro-oncologicalventralantigen1(nova1)thatisfoundinallmodernhumans.SomehadanancientversionofthesamegenethathasbeenfoundinNeanderthalgenomes.Themodernversionofnova1isvitalforhumanbraindevelopment.Theresearchersexposedtheorganoidstodifferentamountsofleadandstudiedhowtheyresponded.Nonereactedwell.Butonedifferencejumpedout.Intheorganoidscarryingtheancientversionofnova1,leadpoisoningchangedtheexpressionofanothergeneknownasfoxp2.Inmodernhumans,aproperlyfunctioningfoxp2geneisvitalforlearninglanguage.Organoidswiththemodernversionofnova1sufferednosuchproblems.Dr.Muotri,therefore,suggestedthattheevolutionofthenewversionofthenova1genehelpedpreventleadexposurefrominterferingwiththeabilitytospeak.Ifheisright,thenagreatertoleranceforleadpoisoningmayhavebeenonewayinwhichmodernhumansoutcompetedtheircousinsandwentontomakeextraordinarythings—suchasleadedpipes,petrolandcosmeticswithwhichtopoisonthemselvesalloveragain.12.Whatdoweknowfromthestudyofancientteeth?A.Mostancientteethcontainedcommondiseases.B.Leadlevelswerelowinpre-industrialancestors.C.Ancienthumansthoughtnothingofleadexposure.D.Leadpoisoningexistedlongbeforemodernsociety.13.WhydidDr.Muotricarryoutthestudyonbrainorganoids?A.Tofindhowleadaffectslanguagelearning.B.Toclarifyhowancienthumanshandledlead.C.Tocomparemodernandancienthumans’brains.D.Tostudythefunctionofthemodernnova1gene.14.Whateffectdidleadhaveonorganoidswiththeancientgene?A.Itinfluencedanothergene.B.Itimprovedlanguageskills.C.Itdestroyedtheorganoids.D.Itstrengthenedbraingrowth.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Towarnagainstleadpoisoning.B.Tocomparehumandifferences.C.Tostressgeneresearchimportance.D.Tointroducealead-evolutionstudy.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家通过研究古代牙齿和脑类器官，发现铅中毒在人类工业化之前就已存在，并探讨了基因进化如何帮助现代人类抵御铅中毒对语言能力的影响。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Poisoningbyleadisusuallythoughtofasadiseaseofrelativelymoderncivilisations.YetinapaperjustpublishedinScienceAdvancesAlyssonMuotri,ageneticistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegoandhiscolleaguesshowedthatitwasalsocommonamonghumanity’spre-industrialancestors.(铅中毒通常被认为是相对现代文明的疾病。然而，在刚刚发表在《科学进展》上的一篇论文中，加州大学圣地亚哥分校的遗传学家AlyssonMuotri和他的同事们表明，铅中毒在人类工业化前的祖先中也很常见。)”可知，铅中毒在现代社会之前就已存在。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“ThisleftDr.Muotricuriousabouthowancienthumanscopedwithsuchhighexposures.(这让Muotri博士对古代人类如何应对如此高的铅暴露感到好奇。)”和第三段“Tofindout,hegrewlittlepieceofbrain-liketissueknownasbrainorganoids.(为了找出答案，他培育了一种被称为脑类器官的小块脑组织。)”可知，Muotri博士对脑类器官进行研究是为了弄清楚古代人类如何处理铅。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Intheorganoidscarryingtheancientversionofnova1,leadpoisoningchangedtheexpressionofanothergeneknownasfoxp2.Inmodernhumans,aproperlyfunctioningfoxp2geneisvitalforlearninglanguage.(在携带古代nova1基因的类器官中，铅中毒改变了另一个名为foxp2的基因的表达。在现代人类中，一个功能正常的foxp2基因对学习语言至关重要。)”可知，铅影响了另一个基因。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“YetinapaperjustpublishedinScienceAdvancesAlyssonMuotri,ageneticistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegoandhiscolleaguesshowedthatitwasalsocommonamonghumanity’spre-industrialancestors.(然而，在刚刚发表在《科学进展》上的一篇论文中，加州大学圣地亚哥分校的遗传学家AlyssonMuotri和他的同事们表明，铅中毒在人类工业化前的祖先中也很常见。)”和文章接下来介绍了Muotri博士和他的团队通过研究古代牙齿和脑类器官，发现铅中毒在人类工业化之前就已存在，并探讨了基因进化如何帮助现代人类抵御铅中毒对语言能力的影响。由此可知，文章的主要目的是介绍一项铅进化研究。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FestiveFitnessTheholidaysarealwaysthemoststressfulpartofmyyear.NomatterhowmuchIplan,myusualworkoutroutinedisappearsinthechaos.ButI’mdeterminedtochangethatthistime.____16____Withitinmind,I’mgoingtogetcreativetokeepitup.Stayingfitdoesn’trequirelonghours.Tobeefficient,Ifocusonhigh-intensityintervaltraining(高强度间歇训练).Researchshowsit’soneofthemosteffectivemethods.Itinvolvesshortburstsofmaximumeffortfollowedbyabriefrest.Aclassicstudyfoundthatjust4minutesofthispattern,doneregularly,improvedfitnessmorethananhourofmoderateexercise.____17____Evenminutesofintensiveactivitycount.____18____Forexample,arecentstudylinked3.5minutesofdailyintensiveactivitytoalowerheartdiseaseriskinwomen.Anotheranalysisfoundsuchburstscuttheriskofheartattackandstrokeby20%foreveryone.____19____Ithinkofthemas“exercisesnacks.”Chasingabus,carryingheavygroceries,orsprintingthroughanairportallqualify.Eventakingthestairsquicklyhelps—astudyshowedthatintensivelyclimbingstairsseveraltimesaweekcanboostcardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessby5%injustweeks.Don’tunderestimatethepowerofwalking.While10,000stepsisacommongoal,anewstudyfoundthat7,000stepsdailyisenoughtosignificantlylowertheriskofheartdisease,diabetes,andotherconditions.____20____Goingforlongwalkswithfamilybecomesaperfectwaytostayactiveandreconnectduringtheholidays.A.Sowecanachievealotinverylittletime.B.Thismakeswalkingamorepracticalactivity.C.Theseshortburstsofintensiveactivityhappennaturally.D.Moderateexerciselikewalkingisalsovaluableforhealth.E.Consistencyiskeytofitness,andthatrequiresadaptability.F.Infact,thesemicro-workoutsoffersignificanthealthbenefits.G.Takingatraditionalapproachtoexerciseensuressteadyprogress.【答案】16.E17.A18.F19.C20.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者决心在节日期间保持健身习惯，介绍了高强度间歇训练、短时间高强度活动以及步行等健身方式及其益处。【16题详析】根据上文“ButI’mdeterminedtochangethatthistime.(但这次我决心改变。)”和下文“Withitinmind,I’mgoingtogetcreativetokeepitup.(带着这个想法，我会想办法坚持下去。)”。解析：空处需要一句总起性的健身理念，引出后文灵活健身的方法。E选项“Consistencyiskeytofitness,andthatrequiresadaptability.(坚持是健身的关键，而这需要适应性。)”既承接“决心改变”，又对应下文“灵活创意地坚持”，逻辑通顺。故选E。【17题详析】上文“Aclassicstudyfoundthatjust4minutesofthispattern,doneregularly,improvedfitnessmorethananhourofmoderateexercise.(一项经典研究发现，只要规律进行这种模式的训练，每次仅4分钟，健身效果就比一小时中等强度运动更好。)”数据对比突出短时间高效健身的效果，A选项“Sowecanachievealotinverylittletime.(所以我们能在极短时间内收获显著效果。)”是对前文研究结果的总结，因果关系清晰。故选A。【18题详析】根据上文“Evenminutesofintensiveactivitycount.(即便几分钟的高强度运动也有用。)”和下文“Forexample,arecentstudylinked3.5minutesofdailyintensiveactivitytoalowerheartdiseaseriskinwomen.(例如，近期一项研究发现，女性每天进行3.5分钟的高强度运动，患心脏病的风险会降低。)”可知，说明短时运动的实际益处。F选项“Infact,thesemicro-workoutsoffersignificanthealthbenefits.(事实上，这些微型锻炼能带来显著健康益处。)”既呼应“几分钟也有效”，又引出后文具体健康好处的例子。故选F。【19题详析】下文“Ithinkofthemas“exercisesnacks.”Chasingabus,carryingheavygroceries,orsprintingthroughanairportallqualify.(我把它们称作“运动零食”。追赶公交车、拎沉重的杂货、在机场快步疾走都算。)”都是日常自然发生的短时高强度活动，C选项“Theseshortburstsofintensiveactivityhappennaturally.(这些短时高强度运动是自然发生的。)”完美引出下文列举的日常场景，衔接紧密。故选C。【20题详析】根据上文“While10,000stepsisacommongoal,anewstudyfoundthat7,000stepsdailyisenoughtosignificantlylowertheriskofheartdisease,diabetes,andotherconditions.(虽然一万步是常见目标，但一项新研究发现，每天7000步就足以显著降低患心脏病、糖尿病和其他疾病的风险。)”和下文“Goingforlongwalkswithfamilybecomesaperfectwaytostayactiveandreconnectduringtheholidays.(假期里和家人一起长时间散步，既能保持活力，又能增进感情。)”可知，上文提到7000步比10000步更容易实现，B选项“Thismakeswalkingamorepracticalactivity.(这让散步成为更切实可行的活动。)”承接步数标准降低的内容，也呼应下文节日里和家人散步的现实场景。故选B。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Iclimbedasmallladdertowipethestainedkitchenfans,myskinhurtingfromstrongcleaners.Ihadasuddenrealization:Icouldn’tspendlifeon____21____jobs.EachtimeIwasexhausted,mythoughtsalways____22____childhooddaysbyrivers,wheremybrotherandIlearnedtofigureouttrout’s(鳟鱼)silentmovements—afascinationdeeperthanamere____23____.Bornintoaworking-classfamilyand____24____schoolwithoutadiploma,Ioncethoughtasciencecareerwasadistant____25____.Foryears,Iworkedtirelesslyat____26____floorsandcleaningkitchens,proudofhonestlaboryetlongingformore.At24,Iresolvedto____27____:Ienrolledinadulteducation,thengainedadmissiontoauniversitybiologyprogram.Thefirsttermwasextremely____28____—Ifailedseveralcourses—buttheresilience(韧性)____29____byyearsofphysicallaborkeptmegoing.Asmy____30____improvedgradually,abreakthroughcame:mysupervisorhandedmeatroutresearchpaperandinvitedmetojointheteam.____31____withjoy,IrealizedIwasgettingpaidtoexploremylifelongpassion,turningfroma____32____intoanambitiousscientist.Today,I’mpursuingaPhDonhowclimatechange____33____Arctictrout,hikingtoremoteglaciallakes.Incidentally,mybrother____34____myfieldwork,sowecouldworkbythewateragain.Lifehascomefullcircle:mychildhoodriverpassionhasbecomea____35____,turningstruggleintopurposeanddreamintoreality.21.A.abnormal B.exceptional C.dangerous D.unappreciated22.A.keptawayfrom B.floodedbackto C.steppedbackfrom D.heldonto23.A.talent B.adventure C.hobby D.tendency24.A.attending B.leaving C.skipping D.missing25.A.dream B.destination C.sail D.memory26.A.beating B.digging C.loading D.sanding27.A.repeat B.recall C.restart D.reflect28.A.tough B.plain C.fundamental D.different29.A.controlled B.ruined C.shaped D.protected30.A.reactions B.grades C.incomes D.methods31.A.Faced B.Hit C.Charged D.Overcome32.A.fisher B.troublemaker C.laborer D.caregiver33.A.affects B.assesses C.boosts D.benefits34.A.inspected B.joined C.recognized D.witnessed35.A.routine B.target C.choice D.profession【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.B25.A26.D27.C28.A29.C30.B31.D32.C33.A34.B35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者曾从事底层体力工作，心怀儿时对鳟鱼的热爱，决心求学转型，克服困难投身生物研究，最终将童年热爱化作终身事业。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到：我不能一辈子都做不被重视的工作。A.abnormal反常的；B.exceptional杰出的；C.dangerous危险的；D.unappreciated不被重视的。结合前文“Iclimbedasmallladdertowipethestainedkitchenfans,myskinhurtingfromstrongcleaners.(我爬上一个小梯子，去擦拭那些脏兮兮的厨房风扇，强效清洁剂刺激着我的皮肤，令我感到疼痛)”可知，作者做擦拭厨房油烟机这类辛苦琐碎的清洁体力工作，可知此处指不愿一生从事不被看重的底层劳作。故选D。【22题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每次我感到疲惫不堪时，脑海中总会浮现出儿时在河边度过的时光，那时我和哥哥学会了观察鳟鱼无声的游动——这种痴迷远不止是一般意义上的爱好。A.keptawayfrom远离；B.floodedbackto涌上、回想；C.steppedbackfrom退出；D.heldonto坚持。根据后文“childhooddaysbyrivers”可知，疲惫时总会回忆起童年河边的日子。故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我感到疲惫不堪时，脑海中总会浮现出儿时在河边度过的时光，那时我和哥哥学会了观察鳟鱼无声的游动——这种痴迷远不止是一般意义上的爱好。A.talent天赋；B.adventure冒险；C.hobby爱好；D.tendency趋势。结合后文“mychildhoodriverpassion”以及作者一生都执着于鳟鱼相关研究，说明这份喜爱不只是普通爱好。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我出生在一个工人家庭，没拿到毕业证就辍学离校，曾经我以为从事科学工作只是一个遥不可及的梦想。A.attending参加；B.leaving离开、退学；C.skipping跳过；D.missing错过。结合后文“Foryears,Iworkedtirelesslyat____floorsandcleaningkitchens,proudofhonestlaboryetlongingformore.”没有文凭、早年做体力活，可知是辍学离开学校。故选B。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我出生在一个工人家庭，高中毕业后也没有拿到毕业证书。曾经我以为从事科学工作只是一个遥不可及的梦想。A.dream梦想；B.destination目的地；C.sail航行；D.memory回忆。根据上文“Ioncethoughtasciencecareerwasadistant”，结合作者出身普通、学历不足的处境，科学相关的职业对当时的自己来说是遥远的梦想。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我一直不停地忙着打磨地板、打扫厨房，为自己从事的这份诚实的劳动感到自豪，但又渴望能有更多的机会。A.beating击打；B.digging挖掘；C.loading装载；D.sanding打磨。根据后文“floorsandcleaningkitchens”以及结合日常清洁体力工作的内容，指作者需要打磨地板。故选D。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：24岁时，我下定决心重新开始：我参加了成人教育课程，随后又被一所大学的生物专业录取了。A.repeat重复；B.recall回忆；C.restart重新开始；D.reflect反思。结合后文“Ienrolledinadulteducation,thengainedadmissiontoauniversitybiologyprogram”作者报名成人教育、考入大学生物专业，可知是下定决心重启人生。故选C。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一学期非常艰难——我有几门课程不及格——但多年从事体力劳动所培养出来的坚韧精神让我坚持了下来。A.tough艰难的；B.plain平淡的；C.fundamental基础的；D.different不同的。结合后文“Ifailedseveralcourses”挂科的结果，能看出大学初期的学习生活十分艰难。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一学期非常艰难——我有几门课程不及格——但多年从事体力劳动所培养出来的坚韧精神让我坚持了下来。A.controlled控制；B.ruined摧毁；C.shaped塑造、磨练；D.protected保护。结合后文“byyearsofphysicallaborkeptmegoing”可知，多年体力劳作塑造磨练出了自己的坚韧品格。故选C。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我的成绩逐渐提高，终于迎来了转机：我的导师递给我一份关于鳟鱼的研究论文，并邀请我加入这个团队。A.reactions反应；B.grades成绩；C.incomes收入；D.methods方法。根据后文“mysupervisorhandedmeatroutresearchpaperandinvitedmetojointheteam.”以及结合前文课程不及格，此处对应学习成绩慢慢变好。故选B。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：满心欢喜，我意识到自己可以靠着毕生热爱的事获得收入，我从一名体力劳动者转变为有远大抱负的科研人员。A.Faced面对；B.Hit击打；C.Charged收费；D.Overcome深受……影响、充满。根据后文“withjoy,IrealizedIwasgettingpaidtoexploremylifelongpassion”可知，作者得到邀请满心欢喜。短语beovercomewithjoy意为“喜不自胜、满心欢喜”。故选D。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：满心欢喜，我意识到自己可以靠着毕生热爱的事获得收入，我从一名体力劳动者转变为有远大抱负的科研人员。A.fisher渔夫；B.troublemaker闹事者；C.laborer体力劳动者；D.caregiver看护者。结合前文“floorsandcleaningkitchens”作者长期做清洁、打磨地板等体力工作，可知此前身份是体力劳动者。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，我正在攻读关于气候变化如何影响北极鳟鱼的博士学位，同时我还在前往偏远冰川湖泊的路上徒步旅行。A.affects影响；B.assesses评估；C.boosts促进；D.benefits有益于。根据上文“Today,I’mpursuingaPhDonhowclimatechange”以及结合科研常识，研究主题为气候变化对鳟鱼产生的影响。故选A。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：巧合的是，我的哥哥加入了我的野外考察工作，这样我们又能一起在水边工作了。A.inspected检查；B.joined加入；C.recognized认出；D.witnessed见证。结合后文“myfieldwork,sowecouldworkbythewateragain”可知，他们再次一同在水边工作，可知哥哥参与加入了实地研究。故选B。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人生仿佛又回到了最初的起点：我儿时对河流的热爱如今已成为了我的职业，将奋斗化为了目标，将梦想变成了现实。A.routine惯例；B.target目标；C.choice选择；D.profession职业。结合前文作者成为科研人员、攻读相关博士，可知儿时的爱好变成了终身职业。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TangyueVillageinGuizhouProvincehasbecomearemarkablemodelofruralrevitalization(振兴)throughsysteminnovation,____36____(transform)apoverty-strickenvillageintoaprosperouscommunitywithunitedvillagersand____37____(economic)dynamicindustries.Before2014,Tangyuesufferedfromseverepoverty:mostyoungpeopleleft____38____cities,leavingfarmlandabandoned,andadevastatingfloodworseneditssituationbydestroyinghousesandfarmland.Determined____39____(change)theirfate,thevillageleadershiplaunchedboldreforms:villagerspooledtheirlandintoacooperativethroughpropertyright____40____(confirm),turningseparateandunusedresourcesintovaluablesharedproperty.GuidedbytheVillagePartyBranch,theyestablished____41____(collect)enterpriseslikehigh-qualityfruitplantingteamsandruraltransportcompanies,providingstablejobsforreturningvillagerswhooncestruggledtoearnalivinginurbanareas.What’smore,ruleslikethe“RedNineArticles”standardizedvillagers’dailybehavior,fosteringaharmonioussocialatmosphere____42____neighborshelpeachotherinbothworkandlife.Afteryearsofconstantefforts,Tangyuehasachievedagreattransformation.People’saverageincome____43____(rise)sharply,andover90%ofmigrantworkershavereturnedhometostartnewlivesinthepasttenyears.Theoncerun-downvillagenowboastsneatbuildings,developedindustries____44____aunitedcommunity.Thissuccessprovesthatinstitutionalinnovationc