江西五色十校（老九校协作体）2026届高三下学期第二次联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西五色十校（老九校协作体）2026届高三下学期第二次联考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThrillingrollercoastersaroundtheworldarenotjustaboutspeedandexcitement—theyarealsoperfectexamplesofhowscientificprinciplesworkinreallife.Theseamusementparkridescombineengineeringskillwithbasicphysicstobringunforgettableexperiencestovisitorsofallages.TRONLightcycle/RunWaltDisneyWorldResortinOrlando,FloridaGetonafastmotorbikecalledaLightcycleinthisridebasedonthe2010sci-fifilmTRON:Legacy.Racinginnearlydarksurroundings,youwilltrytopassyouropponentsonyourwaytosuccess.Traditionalcoastersgetpowerfromachainthatpullsacarupaslopeatthestart,buildinguppotential,orstored,energyasitmoves.Whenthecoasterspeedsdown,thatpotentialenergyturnsintokineticenergy—theenergyofmovement.Insteadofchains,TRONLightcycle/Runusesmagnetstoachievethisenergychange.Placedintheride’strackandundertheLightcycles,thesemagnetsstorepotentialenergybeforetheridestarts.Atlaunch,themagnetsinthetrackpushawaythoseundertheLightcycles,changingpotentialenergyintokineticenergytodrivetherideforward.LightningFuruviksparkeninFuruvik,SwedenUnlikemostrollercoasters,Lightningstartsasecondroundafteritsfirstlaparoundthetracks,pushingridersforwardwithanewburstofspeed.Itsaccelerationproduces2.8g-forces,aboutthesameasanastronautfeelsduringarocketlaunch.(Ag-forceistheforceofgravityoraccelerationonabody.)Lightning’sacceleration,orhowquicklyanobjectchangesitsspeed,comesfromamagneticlaunchliketheonepoweringTRONLightcycle/Run.Pullingmagnetsabovethetrackandunderthecoaster’scarsspeedtheridefrom0to43milesanhourinjustthreeseconds.Afterthefirstlap,themagnetsacceleratetherideagainforthesecondround.1.HowisTRONLightcycle/Runpowered?A.Bychains. B.Bytracks. C.Byslopes. D.Bymagnets.2.WhichisafeatureofLightning’slaunch?A.Ittakesthreeseconds. B.Itworksonceonly. C.Itcreates1.8g-forces. D.Itreaches43km/h.3.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toshowthesciencebehindtwocoasters.B.Tocomparethedifferenceoftwocoasters.C.Toencouragetouriststoexperiencetwocoasters.D.Toexplaintheprocessofbuildingthesetwocoasters.【答案】1.D2.A3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两款过山车及其科学原理。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TRONLightcycle/Run部分中“Insteadofchains,TRONLightcycle/Runusesmagnetstoachievethisenergychange.(TRONLightcycle/Run不是使用链条，而是使用磁铁来实现这种能量转换。)”可知，TRONLightcycle/Run是由磁铁提供动力的。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Lightning部分中“Pullingmagnetsabovethetrackandunderthecoaster’scarsspeedtheridefrom0to43milesanhourinjustthreeseconds.(轨道上方和过山车下方的磁铁在短短三秒钟内将过山车从0加速到每小时43英里。)”可知，Lightning的发射特点是它需要三秒钟。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Thrillingrollercoastersaroundtheworldarenotjustaboutspeedandexcitement—theyarealsoperfectexamplesofhowscientificprinciplesworkinreallife.Theseamusementparkridescombineengineeringskillwithbasicphysicstobringunforgettableexperiencestovisitorsofallages.(世界各地惊险刺激的过山车不仅仅是速度和兴奋——它们也是科学原理在现实生活中如何运作的完美例子。这些游乐园游乐设施将工程技能与基础物理学相结合，为各个年龄段的游客带来难忘的体验。)”以及下文对TRONLightcycle/Run和Lightning的介绍可知，本文的目的是展示两种过山车背后的科学原理。故选A。BForafinalclassproject,Sam’staskwastorecordarelationshipusingonlydigitaltraces.Whilepeersdocumentedfriendshipsorromances,Samknewhissubjectinstantly:hisfather.Aquietcivilengineer,hisdad’sonlineworldwaslimited—mostlyindustryarticlesandtheoccasionalformalfamilyphoto.Theirownchatswerepractical:“Runninglate.”“Dinner’sready.”ToSam,hisfather’sdigitalselffeltlikeaclosedbookinanotherlanguage.TheprojectturnedSamintoadigitalarchaeologist.Scrollingthroughyearsofhisownposts,hefoundfewdirectcommentsfromhisdad.Butthenheshiftedfocus,searchingforechoesinstead.Hefoundthemattachedtohisownlife.Achildhoodphotoofhisfirstbikerideboreacomment:“Balanceisalearnedskill.Proudofyourpersistence.”AlinkSamsharedaboutabridgeinNorwaypromptedhisdadtoprivatelysendthreedetailedengineeringPDFs—agestureSamhadacknowledgedwithjustathumbs-up.Thedeepesttracewasapattern.EverytimeSampostedamilestone—asciencefairwin,adebatefinal—withinaday,hisfatherwouldshareadensetechnicalarticlelinkedtothetopic.Itwasnever“congratulations.”Itwashisquietlanguageofcare:“Iseeyourworld.Here’sapieceofminetomeetit.”Forhisproject,Sambuiltaprivatewebsitecalled“TheBridge.”Ononeside,heincludedhismilestoneposts.Besideeach,heplacedhisfather’scorrespondingecho:thatarticle,thatPDF,thatconcisecomment.Presentinghisproject,Samconcluded:“Wethinksocialmediaisforbroadcasting.Butforthequietones,itcanbeatoolforwitnessing.Mydad’srecordwasn’tonhisprofile;itwashiddenattheedgesofmine.Thisprojectdidn’tjustteachmeaboutmedia.Ittaughtmetotranslateasilence.I’dmistakenforindifference.Sometimes,loveisn’tinthepost.It’sinthestubborn,quietactofshowingup,clickafterclick,yearafteryear,intheonlylanguageyouknow.”4.HowwouldSamdescribehisfather’s“digitalself”?A.Simpleandobvious. B.Activeandsocial.C.Expressiveanddetailed. D.Reservedandunderstated.5.WhenSampostedabouthislifeonline,hisfathersenttechnicalarticlesto_________.A.showhiscareandattention B.avoidleavingdirectcommentC.educateSamonrelatedtopics D.inspireSamtostudyengineering6.Accordingtothetext,socialmediaservesas_________.A.aformofthefather’ssilentinvolvementB.aplatformforson’semotionalexpressionC.adisplayofSam’sacademicachievementsD.arecordofthefather’sprofessionalinterests7.Whatdoesthisstoryintendtoconvey?A.Atreeisknownbyitsfruit. B.Loveiswrittenindeeds.C.Agoodbeginningishalfdone. D.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述萨姆通过课程项目挖掘父亲的数字痕迹，发现父亲沉默内敛却深沉的爱与陪伴。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Aquietcivilengineer,hisdad’sonlineworldwaslimited—mostlyindustryarticlesandtheoccasionalformalfamilyphoto.Theirownchatswerepractical:“Runninglate.”“Dinner’sready.”ToSam,hisfather’sdigitalselffeltlikeaclosedbookinanotherlanguage.(父亲是一位内敛的土木工程师，他的网络世界很有限——大多是行业文章和偶尔正式的家庭照片。他们的聊天内容都很实际：“要迟到了。”“晚饭好了。”在萨姆看来，父亲的数字形象就像一本用另一种语言写成的合着的书。)”以及后文父亲从不直接夸赞，只用技术文章默默回应可推知，Sam认为父亲的“数字形象”是含蓄、低调、不善言辞的。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Itwasnever“congratulations.”Itwashisquietlanguageofcare:“Iseeyourworld.Here’sapieceofminetomeetit.”(从来没有“恭喜你”。这是他沉默的关心语言：“我看到了你的世界。这是我的一部分，来与它相遇。”)”可知，父亲发送专业文章是为了表达关心与关注。故选A项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Butforthequietones,itcanbeatoolforwitnessing.Mydad’srecordwasn’tonhisprofile;itwashiddenattheedgesofmine.(但对于沉默的人来说，它可以是一种见证的工具。我父亲的记录不在他的主页上，而是藏在我的动态边缘。)”可知，社交媒体成为父亲默默参与儿子生活的方式。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Sometimes,loveisn’tinthepost.It’sinthestubborn,quietactofshowingup,clickafterclick,yearafteryear,intheonlylanguageyouknow.(有时候，爱并不在帖子里。它存在于一次次点击、年复一年、用你唯一懂得的方式默默出现的执着行动中。)”可知，故事意在表达爱是藏在行动中的。故选B项。CMemoryexpertssaythatshort,temporaryinstancesofforgetfulness,oftencalled“seniormoments”,areoccurringmorefrequentlyamongmorepeoplenowadays.Manyofusfinditincreasinglydifficulttorecallsimplethings;namesoffriendsorco-workerswehavenotseenforawhile,commonwordsthatshouldcomeeasily,orevenhowtocarryoutroutineactionsthatonceseemedlikesecondnature.Themassiveamountofinformationfloodinginfromvariousdigitalchannelsisoccupyingourbrains.Weareconstantlyscrollingourphoneswhiledoingotherthings,whichneuroscientistssaymakesitextremelyhardtoencodememoriesinthefirstplace.AsSaraC.Mednick,aneuroscientistandprofessorofcognitivescienceattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,explains,ourbrainsarelikecomputerswithtoomanytabsopenatthesametime.Thisslowsdownourprocessingpower,andmemoryisoneofthemajorareasthatweakenasaresult.Lastingandaccumulatedstressalsohasasignificantimpactonmemory.Recentlifestressorshavebeenfoundtoimpairpeople’smemory,asstressnegativelyaffectsattentionspanandsleep,bothofwhicharecloselylinkedtomemoryperformance.Worsestill,long-termstresscandamagethebrainandcausemorelastingmemoryproblems.Althoughmemorydeclineswithage,medicalsciencehasnotreachedaclearconclusiononexactlywhenitstarts.Somestudiesshowthatmemoryabilitypeaksinpeople’s20sanddeclinesgraduallyfromthenon,whileotherssuggestthesharpestdropbeginsaroundage60,sincepeopleagecognitivelyatdifferentrates.Toboostmemory,expertsofferseveralpracticalsuggestions.Forcingyourselftoremembersomethingiscounterproductivebecausefrustrationwillpreventyourbrainfromrestoringinformationeffectively.Instead,youshouldcalmdownandtryagainlater.Quittingmultitaskingandfocusingononetaskatatimehelpsreduceinformationoverload.Dailymeditation,slowdeepbreathing,walkinginnatureandenoughsleepcanstrengthenyourbrainandimprovememoryfunction.Beingfullypresentinconversationsandgivingothersyourfullattentionalsohelpsyourememberinformationmoreclearly.8.Whichofthefollowingis“aseniormoment”?A.Failingtoremembernewinformationtemporarily.B.Refusingtorecallunpleasantexperiencesonpurpose.C.Losingtheabilitytoperformdailyactivitiescompletely.D.Forgettingthetitleofabookyoureadeverydaysuddenly.9.WhatismainlyresponsibleformemoryproblemsaccordingtoSaraC.Mednick?A.Toomuchinformation. B.Multipletasksinaperiod.C.Theoveruseofourbrain. D.Heavydependenceoncomputers.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Stressdoesnogoodtomemory.B.Agingrelatescloselytomemoryproblems.C.Stresssignificantlyreducescognitiveability.D.Memorydeclinessteadilyafterone’stwenties.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BrainHealth:ChallengesandValues B.MemoryDecline:FactorsandSymptomsC.MemoryLoss:CausesandSolutions D.SeniorMoments:ReasonsandConsequences【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了记忆力衰退的原因以及提高记忆力的方法。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Memoryexpertssaythatshort,temporaryinstancesofforgetfulness,oftencalled“seniormoments”,areoccurringmorefrequentlyamongmorepeoplenowadays.Manyofusfinditincreasinglydifficulttorecallsimplethings;namesoffriendsorco-workerswehavenotseenforawhile,commonwordsthatshouldcomeeasily,orevenhowtocarryoutroutineactionsthatonceseemedlikesecondnature.(记忆专家表示，如今越来越多的人会出现短暂的、暂时性的健忘现象，这种现象常被称为“老年瞬间”。我们很多人发现自己越来越难以回忆起一些简单的事情，比如许久未见的朋友或同事的名字、那些本应容易记住的常用词汇，甚至是一些原本似乎已经司空见惯的日常行为的步骤)”可知，突然忘记日常熟悉的事物属于“老年瞬间”，突然忘记了你每天读的一本书的标题属于此类。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AsSaraC.Mednick,aneuroscientistandprofessorofcognitivescienceattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,explains,ourbrainsarelikecomputerswithtoomanytabsopenatthesametime.Thisslowsdownourprocessingpower,andmemoryisoneofthemajorareasthatweakenasaresult.(正如加州大学欧文分校的神经科学家、认知科学教授SaraC.Mednick所解释的，我们的大脑就像同时打开了太多标签页的电脑。这会降低我们的信息处理能力，而记忆力也因此成为受损最严重的领域之一)”可知，SaraC.Mednick认为大脑被过度使用导致记忆问题。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Althoughmemorydeclineswithage,medicalsciencehasnotreachedaclearconclusiononexactlywhenitstarts.Somestudiesshowthatmemoryabilitypeaksinpeople’s20sanddeclinesgraduallyfromthenon,whileotherssuggestthesharpestdropbeginsaroundage60,sincepeopleagecognitivelyatdifferentrates.(虽然记忆力会随着年龄的增长而下降，但医学科学还没有就记忆力下降的确切时间得出明确的结论。一些研究表明，人们的记忆力在20多岁时达到顶峰，然后逐渐下降，而另一些研究则表明，记忆力下降最明显的开始时间是在60岁左右，因为人们的认知衰老速度不同)”可推知，衰老与记忆问题密切相关。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章首先介绍了记忆力衰退的现象（“老年瞬间”），然后分析了导致记忆力衰退的原因，如信息过载、压力过大等，最后提出了提高记忆力的方法。因此，“MemoryLoss:CausesandSolutions(记忆力衰退：原因及解决方法)”适合作本文标题。故选C。DInitialdatafor2025showasignificantdropinthenumberofreportedmeasles(麻疹)casesacrossEU/EEAcountriescomparedwith2024,butthefiguresarestilltwiceashighasthosereportedin2023.Asmeaslesinfectionstypicallypeakduringlatewinterandearlyspring,nowisthecriticaltimeforeveryonetochecktheirmeaslesvaccination(接种)status.ECDC’sDecember2025reportnotesthat30countriesreported7,655casesand8deathsin2025—fourinFrance,threeinRomania,oneintheNetherlands—farfewerthan2024’sover35,000casesbutalmostdouble2023’snumber.Measlesisahighlyinfectiousdiseasethatspreadseasilythroughtheair.somassimmunity(免疫)isthekeytostoppingitsperson-to-persontransmission.Topreventmeaslesoutbreaksandprotectdefenselessgroups—youngchildrentooyoungtobevaccinatedandthoseunabletogetvaccinesduetomedicalreasons—atleast95%oftheeligiblepopulationshouldgettwodosesofthemeasles-containingvaccineasrecommended.Unfortunately,8in10peoplewhohadmeaslesin2025wereunvaccinated,thesameasin2024.SabrinaBaccl,HeadofECDC’svaccine-preventablediseasesprogramme,saysmeaslescasesremainworryingdespiteasharpdropoverthepastyear.ShestressesEuropeshouldleadtheworldinreducingmeasles,whichwouldbepossibleifweworktogether,asithaseffectiveandsafevaccines,sufficientknowledge,resourcesandeffectivemonitoringtoolstocontrolthispreventabledisease.Vaccination,sheadds,isbothself-protectionandsolidarity,protectingthosewhocannotbevaccinatedbyreducingthespreadofinfectionsUnvaccinatedinfantsareparticularlyvulnerabletomeasles,asreflectedin2025’sdata:childrenunderfivemadeup40%oftheinformed*measlescasesthatyear.Measlesaffectsallagegroups,andamongadultsandadolescentswithknownvaccinationstatus,mosthadnotreceivedanydosesandthusfellill,sotheyshouldchecktheirimmunizationstatus.Notably,most2025casescamefromlocalcommunitytransmission.ECDCadvisescheckingvaccinationstatus—especiallybeforetravel—andconsultinghealthcareprofessionalsifunsure,asmeaslescancauseseverecomplicationsorevendeath.12.Whatdoweknowaboutmeaslescasesin2025fromthepassage?A.Theyresultedin8deathsintotal,almostinFrance.B.TheypeakedinDecemberaccordingtoECDC’sreport.C.Theywerereportedin30EU/EEAcountrieswithinayear.D.Theywerefewerthanthosein2023butmorethanin2024.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eligible”inparagraph2mean?A.Likelytobeinfected. B.Qualifiedtogetvaccinated.C.Unabletoreceivetreatment. D.Responsiblefordiseasecontrol.14.WhichofthestatementsdoesSabrinaBaccl’sprobablyagreewith?A.Europelackstheresourcestocontrolmeasles.B.Vaccinationisnecessaryforaminorityofgroups.C.Thedropinmeaslescasesisnotworthcelebrating.D.MeaslescanbecontrolledifEuropetakesjointaction.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.Thedataofmeaslesspread. B.Theriskofmeaslesinfection.C.Theguideofmeaslesprevention. D.Theanalysisofmeaslescases.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍2025年欧盟/欧洲经济区麻疹病例数据、麻疹防控要求、专家观点及相关预防建议。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ECDC’sDecember2025reportnotesthat30countriesreported7,655casesand8deathsin2025—fourinFrance,threeinRomania,oneintheNetherlands—farfewerthan2024’sover35,000casesbutalmostdouble2023’snumber.(欧洲疾控中心2025年12月的报告指出，2025年有30个国家报告了7655例病例和8例死亡病例——法国4例、罗马尼亚3例、荷兰1例——远少于2024年的超35000例，但几乎是2023年数字的两倍。)”可知，2025年麻疹病例在30个欧盟/欧洲经济区国家被报告。故选C项。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Topreventmeaslesoutbreaksandprotectdefenselessgroups—youngchildrentooyoungtobevaccinatedandthoseunabletogetvaccinesduetomedicalreasons—atleast95%oftheeligiblepopulationshouldgettwodosesofthemeasles-containingvaccineasrecommended.(为预防麻疹暴发并保护易感人群——年龄过小无法接种疫苗的幼儿，以及因医学原因不能接种疫苗的人群——建议符合接种条件的人群中，至少95%人群应接种两剂含麻疹成分的疫苗。)”可知，前文提到要保护无法接种疫苗的弱势群体，此处与之相对，指适合、有资格接种疫苗的人群，结合语境可判断eligible意为“有资格接种疫苗的”。故选B项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ShestressesEuropeshouldleadtheworldinreducingmeasles,whichwouldbepossibleifweworktogether,asithaseffectiveandsafevaccines,sufficientknowledge,resourcesandeffectivemonitoringtoolstocontrolthispreventabledisease.(她强调欧洲应在全球减少麻疹方面发挥引领作用，如果我们共同努力，这是可能实现的，因为欧洲拥有有效且安全的疫苗、充足的知识、资源和有效的监测工具来控制这种可预防疾病。)”可知，萨布丽娜·巴克尔认为如果欧洲采取联合行动，麻疹是可以得到控制的。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“ECDCadvisescheckingvaccinationstatus—especiallybeforetravel—andconsultinghealthcareprofessionalsifunsure,asmeaslescancauseseverecomplicationsorevendeath.(欧洲疾控中心建议检查疫苗接种状态——尤其是在旅行前——如有不确定应咨询医疗专业人员，因为麻疹可能导致严重并发症甚至死亡。)”可知，本段主要给出麻疹预防的相关指导建议。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Justlikehumans,animalsalsogrowwiserastheyage.Thebigmouthbuffalofishcanreach127yearsold,theGreenlandshark392yearsold,andsomespongescanlivefor10,000yearsormore.____16____Asanimalsgetolder,theybehavedifferentlydependingontheirlifeexperiences,gainricherknowledgeoftheirenvironment,andoftenpassitontoyoungermembersoftheirgroup.____17____Fewmakeittooldage,andtheonesthatdoarevulnerabletobeinghuntedorharvestedbyhumans,becausetheyarethebiggestorhave,forexample,thelargestantlers,horns,ortusks.Eliminatingthelargestandmostexperiencedanimalscanhavesignificantconsequencesforgroupcultureandsocialstructures,researcherswarn.Theyarearguingforanewapproachcalled“longevityconservation.”____18____Oldermammalsmayproducefeweroffspringthemselves,buttheyhelplookafteryoung.____19____Thetheorywasfirststudiedinhumans,andhasalsobeenexploredinspecieslikeelephantsandorcas.Theleadresearcher,KellerKopf,anecologistatCharlesDarwinUniversityinAustraliafoundthatthemoreheexamineddifferentgroupsofanimals,themorehestumbledonremarkableinstancesdemonstratingthevalueofoldercreatures.Primates,whales,elephants,andpack-huntinganimalsallhaveoldindividualswhocarryvitalculturalknowledgeandmaintainsocialstructures.____20____Theyarealsomorefamiliarwithdangers,likelisteningforlions.Thelossofoldindividualscanbeadrivingfactorformanyspeciesthreatenedwithextinction.Kopfandhisco-authorscallfor“longevityconservation.”A.However,oldanimalsareindecline.B.Asamatteroffact,ageisnotjustanumber.C.Itdemandsthatweprioritizelifeexperienceovergeneticdiversity.D.Forinstance,olderfemaleelephantsrememberfriendsandenemies.E.Itneedsthe“livinglibraries”ofinheritedwisdomcriticalforsurvival.F.Thisisknownasthe“grandmotherhypothesis”forhealthypopulations.G.Theirenduringlivesrevealnature’shiddenlessonsinpatienceandadaptation.【答案】16.B17.A18.E19.F20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了动物随年龄增长变聪明，强调保护年长动物的重要性。【16题详析】由上文“Justlikehumans,animalsalsogrowwiserastheyage.Thebigmouthbuffalofishcanreach127yearsold,theGreenlandshark392yearsold,andsomespongescanlivefor10,000yearsormore.(就像人类一样，动物也会随着年龄的增长而变得更加聪明。大口水牛鱼可以活到127岁，格陵兰鲨鱼可以活到392岁，一些海绵可以活到1万年甚至更久。)”及下文“Asanimalsgetolder,theybehavedifferentlydependingontheirlifeexperiences,gainricherknowledgeoftheirenvironment,andoftenpassitontoyoungermembersoftheirgroup.(随着动物年龄的增长，它们会根据生活经历表现出不同的行为，对环境有更丰富的了解，并经常将这些知识传递给群体中的年轻成员。)”可知，上文说明了动物会随着年龄增长变聪明，下文进一步说明年龄增长带来的具体影响，本空应强调年龄不只是数字，而是有实际意义。B选项“Asamatteroffact,ageisnotjustanumber.(事实上，年龄不仅仅是一个数字。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。【17题详析】由下文“Fewmakeittooldage,andtheonesthatdoarevulnerabletobeinghuntedorharvestedbyhumans,becausetheyarethebiggestorhave,forexample,thelargestantlers,horns,ortusks.(很少有动物能活到高龄，而那些活到高龄的动物又极易被人类猎杀或捕获，因为它们体型最大，或是长着最大的鹿角、犄角或象牙。)”可知，本段讲述老年动物的生存困境。A选项“However,oldanimalsareindecline.(然而，老年动物的数量正在减少。)”引出后文内容，符合语境。故选A。【18题详析】由上文“Theyarearguingforanewapproachcalled“longevityconservation.”(他们呼吁一种名为“长寿保护”的新方法。)”可知，本空应解释这一方法的要求。E选项“Itneedsthe“livinglibraries”ofinheritedwisdomcriticalforsurvival.(它需要承载传承生存关键智慧的“活图书馆”。)”对应前文老年动物积累并传递知识的特点，阐释“长寿保护”的内涵，符合语境。故选E。【19题详析】由上文“Oldermammalsmayproducefeweroffspringthemselves,buttheyhelplookafteryoung.(年长的哺乳动物自己可能产下的后代较少，但它们会帮助照顾幼崽。)”及下文“Thetheorywasfirststudiedinhumans,andhasalsobeenexploredinspecieslikeelephantsandorcas.(这一理论最初是在人类中研究的，也在大象和虎鲸等物种中进行了探索。)”可知，上文说明了年长哺乳动物会帮助照顾幼崽，下文提到了这一理论在人类、大象和虎鲸等物种中的研究，本空应引出这一理论。F选项“Thisisknownasthe“grandmotherhypothesis”forhealthypopulations.(这被称为健康种群的“祖母假说”。)”符合语境，引出了“祖母假说”这一理论。故选F。【20题详析】由上文“Primates,whales,elephants,andpack-huntinganimalsallhaveoldindividualswhocarryvitalculturalknowledgeandmaintainsocialstructures.(灵长类动物、鲸鱼、大象和群居狩猎动物都有年长的个体，它们携带重要的文化知识并维持社会结构。)”及下文“Theyarealsomorefamiliarwithdangers,likelisteningforlions.(它们也更熟悉危险，比如听狮子的声音。)”可知，上文说明了年长个体携带重要文化知识和维持社会结构，下文进一步说明它们对危险的熟悉程度，本空应举例说明年长个体的具体作用。D选项“Forinstance,olderfemaleelephantsrememberfriendsandenemies.(例如，年长的雌性大象会记住朋友和敌人。)”符合语境，举例说明了年长女性大象的作用。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Parenthoodisundoubtedlyregardedasoneofthemostpreciousblessingsinlife.Childrenarethe____21____ofyourlife,theoneswhomakeeverythingworthwhile.But,likeanylong-termrelationship,ithasits____22____moments.Yearsago,Iwrotea____23____suggestingthatwhatmostmothersreallywantforMother’sDayisn’tflowersorbreakfastinbed—it’sa(n)____24____.Aheartfeltacknowledgmentofallthemomentstheirchildren____25____theirpatience.____26____this:“March2004,losingmytemperonaferry—I’msorry.April2004,screamingbecauseyou____27____mycheese—I’msorry.April2004,screamingbecausethereplacementcheesewasalso‘wrong’—I’msorry.”Parents,ofcourse,could____28____theirownmistakes,likeaccidentlyruiningchildhoodmythsaboutSnowWhite.WhileInevergotthoseapologies,arecentexperiencebroughtme____29____thatfeeling.Bothmydaughtershaverecentlymovedoutandstartedtheirownindependent____30____.Watchingthemfacetherealitiesofadulthoodhasbeen____31____satisfying.Everytimethey’resurprisedbyhowdifficultlifecanbe,itfeelslikeproofthatmyyearsofparenting____32____.Inadarklyhumorousway,it’salmostliketheperfectparentwhowouldleavetheirkidssounpreparedthattheywouldn’t____33____aday.I’mstillwaitingforthe____34____acknowledgment-whentheybecomeparentsthemselvesandtrulyunderstandmyefforts-butfornow,thesesmall____35____feellikeasweetreward.21.A.duty B.light C.choice D.obstacle22.A.challenging B.frightening C.promising D.inspiring23.A.note B.letter C.column D.novel24.A.surprise B.attitude C.comfort D.apology25.A.tested B.abused C.declared D.evaluated26.A.Discuss B.Picture C.Recall D.Practice27.A.found B.envied C.broke D.stole28.A.blame B.deny C.admit D.ignore29.A.tiredof B.closeto C.expertat D.upsetabout30.A.studies B.projects C.careers D.lives31.A.unexpectedly B.unnecessarily C.unofficially D.unconditionally32.A.endedup B.paidoff C.helpedout D.fellapart33.A.waste B.work C.rest D.last34.A.traditional B.attractive C.ultimate D.sympathetic35.A.realizations B.motivations C.explanations D.resolutions【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.C29.B30.D31.A32.B33.D34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为母亲的经历，包括对孩子的期望、孩子成长过程中的挑战以及作者对母爱的感悟。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子是你生命中的光，是让一切都变得有价值的人。A.duty职责；B.light光；C.choice选择；D.obstacle障碍。根据后文“theoneswhomakeeverythingworthwhile”可知，孩子让一切都变得有价值，所以孩子是生命中的光。故选B。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，就像任何长期的关系一样，它也有具有挑战性的时刻。A.challenging有挑战性的；B.frightening可怕的；C.promising有希望的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据后文“losingmytemperonaferry”可知，作者在渡船上发脾气，说明养育孩子的过程中也有具有挑战性的时刻。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我写了一篇专栏，建议大多数母亲在母亲节真正想要的不是鲜花或床上的早餐，而是一份道歉。A.note便条；B.letter信；C.column专栏；D.novel小说。根据后文“suggestingthatwhatmostmothersreallywantforMother’sDayisn’tflowersorbreakfastinbed”可知，作者发表观点应是写专栏。故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我写了一篇专栏，建议大多数母亲在母亲节真正想要的不是鲜花或床上的早餐，而是一份道歉。A.surprise惊喜；B.attitude态度；C.comfort安慰；D.apology道歉。根据后文“I’msorry”可知，母亲真正想要的是一份道歉。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由衷承认孩子考验了她们耐心的所有时刻。A.tested考验；B.abused虐待；C.declared宣布；D.evaluated评估。根据后文“losingmytemperonaferry”可知，孩子会做出一些让父母发脾气的事情，即考验父母的耐心。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：想象一下这个：“2004年3月，在渡船上发脾气——对不起。2004年4月，因为你弄坏了我的奶酪而尖叫——对不起。2004年4月，尖叫着说替换的奶酪也是‘错的’——对不起。”A.Discuss讨论；B.Picture想象；C.Recall回忆；D.Practice练习。根据后文“March2004,losingmytemperonaferry—I’msorry.”可知，此处是让读者想象一下这些道歉的内容。故选B。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：想象一下这个：“2004年3月，在渡船上发脾气——对不起。2004年4月，因为你弄坏了我的奶酪而尖叫——对不起。2004年4月，尖叫着说替换的奶酪也是‘错的’——对不起。”A.found找到；B.envied嫉妒；C.broke弄坏；D.stole偷。根据前文“screamingbecauseyou”和后文“mycheese—I’msorry”、“thereplacementcheesewasalso‘wrong’”可知，奶酪被弄坏，所以尖叫。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，父母也可以承认自己的错误，比如不小心破坏了关于白雪公主的童年神话。A.blame责备；B.deny否认；C.admit承认；D.ignore忽视。根据后文“theirownmistakes,likeaccidentlyruiningchildhoodmythsaboutSnowWhite”可知，后文举例毁掉童年童话的事情，此处指父母也会承认自己犯错。故选C。【29题详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：虽然我从未收到过这些道歉，但最近的一次经历让我有了那种感觉。A.tiredof厌倦；B.closeto接近；C.expertat擅长；D.upsetabout对……沮丧。根据后文“Watchingthemfacetherealitiesofadulthoodhasbeen______satisfying”可知，看到孩子们面对成年后的现实，孩子们逐渐成长，作者有了接近那种被道歉的感觉。故选B。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的两个女儿最近都搬出去，开始了自己独立的生活。A.studies研究；B.projects项目；C.careers事业；D.lives生活。根据上文“Bothmydaughtershaverecentlymovedout”可知，女儿搬出去开始了自己独立的生活。故选D。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：看着她们面对成年后的现实，出乎意料地令人满足。A.unexpectedly出乎意料地；B.unnecessarily不必要地；C.unofficially非正式地；D.unconditionally无条件地。根据后文“Everytimethey’resurprisedbyhowdifficultlifecanbe,itfeelslikeproofthatmyyearsofparenting”可知，看到孩子们成年后独自面对并解决生活中的困难，作者感觉自己的养育有了回报，这种满足感是出乎意料的。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当她们惊讶于生活有多艰难时，这就像是我多年养育有了回报的证明。A.endedup结果是；B.paidoff得到回报；C.helpedout帮助；D.fellapart崩溃。根据上文“Watchingthemfacetherealitiesofadulthoodhasbeen”可知，看到孩子成长，证明多年付出有回报。故选B。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：带着一种黑色幽默的意味，这就好比所谓“完美的父母”会把孩子养得毫无生存准备，让他们连一天都撑不下去。A.waste浪费；B.work工作；C.rest休息；D.last持续。根据上文“theperfectparentwhowouldleavetheirkidssounpreparedthattheywouldn’t”可知，此处用幽默方式表示孩子无法应对生活、撑不下去。故选D。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还在等待最终的认可——当她们自己成为父母，真正理解我的努力时——但目前，这些小小的感悟感觉就像是一种甜蜜的奖励。A.traditional传统的；B.attractive吸引人的；C.ultimate最终的；D.sympathetic同情