河北张家口市2026届普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试下学期高三英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北张家口市2026届普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试下学期高三英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAFull-DayGuidedShuttle(班车)Tour:Boston&CambridgeTripOverviewAfull-dayguidedshuttlefromManhattanletsyouvisitBostonandCambridgeinonevaluabletrip.At5:50a.m.,thebusleavesTimesSquare.Bymidmorning,thebuscrossestheCharlesRiver,andBoston’sskylineofbrickbuildingsandbrownstonehousescomesintoview.HighlightsThisone-daytripcoverstherichhistoriesoftwoNewEnglandcities.Boston’sstreetstellstoriesoftheAmericanRevolutionthroughthenamesofsquaresandoldpubs.CopleySquareandthePublicLibraryshowthecity’s19th-centurydreamsofbuildingastrongcommunity.CambridgeishometoHarvardYard.Thiscollegeareahasironfences,statues,andtheGreatDome,allmarkinghundredsofyearsoflearning.Theslow-movingCharlesRiverstilldrawspeopletoitsbanks.QuincyMarketisbusyattheendofthetour,amarketplacethathasservedasapublicgatheringplaceforyears.ArrangementThetripmixesguidedvisitsandfreetime:you’llstopforphotosatCopleySquare,haveashortwalkinBeaconHill,enterHarvard’scampus,drivepasttheMassachusettsStateHousequickly,andtakealongerbreakatQuincyMarketforlunch.Tips※Wearcomfortablewalkingshoesanddressinlayers(层)tohandletheriverwind.※Bringasmallraincoatandapowerbank.※Tosavetime,choosequicklunchoptionslikestreetfoodormarketstands.※Agreeonameetingplaceandtimewithyourgroupbeforeyougoyourseparateways.※Bathroomsareavailablebutsometimeshardtofindduringbusytouristtimes.Getreadyforanactiveday:lighttogentlewalking,interestingculturalexperiences,andalongbusride.1.Wherewillvisitorsmostlikelytobebeforegettingonthereturnbus?A.CopleySquare B.HarvardYard. C.QuincyMarket. D.BeaconHill.2.Whatshouldgroupvisitorsdobeforetheirfree-timeactivities?A.Decideonwheretoeat. B.Agreeonwhenandwheretomeet.C.Locatethenearestbathroom. D.Getfamiliarwiththemarket.3.Whatdoesthetourmainlyfeature?A.HistoricalsitesinManhattan. B.Privateguidesforsmallgroups.C.LongwalkingtoursinCambridge. D.Culturalexperienceswithashuttle.BForShuYang,sometimes,naturegivesinspiration.Othertimes,aproblemcausesYangtoseeasolutionthatalreadyexistsinthenaturalworld.Shelookedtotornadoes(龙卷风)foranewstructureforwindowcovers,whichcouldpassivelyheatorcoolbuildings.TheskinoftheAfricanelephanthelpedherenvisionanewkindofwallcoatingtohelpdealwithheatwaves.Yangalsodevelopedagluethat’sstrongenoughtoholdshelvesonwallsyeteasyenoughtoremoveifwettedagain.Yang,amaterialsscientist,consultsthenaturalworldwhenlookingtosolvehumanity’sproblems.“Somecompaniesminebiologytodevelopdrugs,”Yangoncetoldherself.Couldshedothesamethingwithengineering?Sheemployswhat’scalledbiomimicry:studyingorganicallyoccurringstructuresandrethinkingthemtoinspirenewandoftenmoresustainablesolutions.GrowingupinChina,Yangsaysherfamilydidn’thavealotofmoney.Sobynecessityshelookedoutsideforentertainment.“Therewasnottoomuchtoexploreotherthannature,”Yangsays.Hermotherwasaphysicaleducationteacher.“That’swhyI’malsoanathlete,”Yangsaysofherbusyandproductivepace.Whilemanyscientistsarewaryofspeakingaboutdevelopingtheoriesorunpublishedwork,Yangisnotguardedwithherideas.“Ihavetonsofideas,”shesays.Beingopenduringtheprocessalsoallowshertoteamupwithexpertsinotherfields;sheworkswithbiologists,materialsscientists,andtextileengineers.“Idon’tthinkI’mthesupersmartperson,butIbringthesmartpeopletogether,”shesays.“Andanynewidea,afterayearortwo,becomesanoldidea.”Inthemeantime,Yangcanfocusonhernextidea,whileherpartnerstakewhatthey’veworkedontogethertoaplaceshemightneverhaveimagined.4.WhatinspiresShuYang’sscientificresearchideas?A.Historicalengineeringprojects.B.Herdifficultyinlearningbiology.C.Structuresandphenomenainnature.D.Unfinishedtheoriesfromotherscientists.5.WhatismentionedaboutShuYang’schildhood?A.Shelivedawealthylife.B.Hermothertaughtherphysics.C.Naturewashermainentertainment.D.Herearlyinterestlayinmedicalresearch.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wary”inparagraph4mean?A.Careful. B.Proud. C.Capable. D.Ashamed.7.WhatisYang’sworkphilosophy?A.Workingaloneandstickingtoideas.B.Relyingonexpertsandbeingimaginative.C.Focusingononeprojectandperfectingit.D.Valuingteamworkandkeepinginnovating.CWhatiftherewereatechnologythatcouldhelptoreducegreenhouse-gasemissions(排放),airpollutionandenvironmentaldegradation,whileimprovinghealth,reducingsocialinequalityandboostingeconomicgrowth?Thereis,andinJanuary2026,itjustturned200.AccordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency,transportcurrentlyaccountsforaroundone-quarterofglobalCO2emissions.Perpassenger-kilometre,railtransportproducesone-fifthoftheemissionsofcartransport,andlessthanone-quarterofthoseofflying.Directemissionscanbecuttozeroiftrainsarepoweredbyfullyrenewableelectricity.Railtransportalsoproducesfewair-pollutingsmallparticles(颗粒),whichareharmfultohealth.Thisisparticularlyimportantinaworldwherecitiesaregrowingrapidly.Betterpublictransportsystemsbasedonrailcouldhelptoreducetheunorderedexpansionofcities,aswellasthelandneededforroads,carparksandothercar-relatedfacilities.Citieswithfewercarsandtrafficjamsaremoreliveableplaceswherepeoplearemorewillingtowalkandcycle,obtainingthehealthbenefitsoftheseactivities.Theyarealsomoreinclusive,particularlyforyoungerandolderpeoplewhoarelesslikelytoownavehicle.Butitisnotjustcities.TheUnitedKingdomisthebirthplaceoftherailways,butthecountryalsooffersanexampleoftheeffectsdisinvestmentinrailwayscanhave.A2024studyexaminedasustainedprogrammeofcutsmadetothenation’srailwaynetworkfromthe1950stothe1980s.Itfoundthattheruralareasmostaffectedbythecutssawpopulationdeclines,joblossesanddropsinthenumberofskilledworkers,relativetoareasthatwereunaffected.Despiteitsbenefits,sincethemid-twentiethcentury,railwaydevelopmentinmostcountrieshasbeenovertakenbygrowthinroadandairtravel.Asrailwaystravelintotheirthirdcentury,it’stimetoturnthetables.Researchfromacrossdisciplines—includingengineering,environmentalscienceandurbanplanning—canhelpachieveamuch-neededcomebackofrailways.8.Whydoestheauthoraskthequestioninparagraph1?A.Tohighlightthebenefitsofrailtransport.B.Toclarifytheurgencyofenvironmentalproblems.C.Toexplainthehistoryoftechnologydevelopment.D.Topresentthegreatpotentialsofeconomicdevelopment.9.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebythefiguresinparagraph2?A.Railtransportcauseslesspollution.B.Mostpeopleprefertotravelbyplane.C.Renewableelectricityisbadlyneeded.D.Transportconsumesmostglobalenergy.10.WhatimpactdidtheUK’srailwaycutshaveonbadlyaffectedruralareas?A.Failureintransportinvestment. B.Declineinpeople’slivingspace.C.Low-efficiencyrailwaynetwork. D.Socio-economicdownturn.11.Whatwillbetalkedaboutnext?A.Whypoliciesaresignificant. B.Whyvariousresearchiscrucial.C.Whyrailwaysaremoresustainable. D.Whyeconomicgrowthisunstoppable.DAteamofresearcherssuggeststhatpigeons,commonbirdsfamousfortheiramazingabilitytofinddirections,cansenseEarth’smagneticfield(磁场)bydetectingtinyelectriccurrentsintheirinnerears.Theteamcarriedoutadvancedbrainmappingandsingle-cellRNAanalyzingofpigeoninner-earcells.Bothformsofevidenceshowthattheinnerearisthebirds“magnetoreception”organ.Inthestudy,professorDavidKeaysandhiscolleaguesdesignedanexperimenttofindouthowpigeons’brainsrespondtomagneticfields.TheyexposedpigeonstoamagneticfieldslightlystrongerthanEarth’sforoveranhour.Theteamusedamethodtomeasuretheactivationpatternsofneurons(神经元)acrossthebrainbydetectingageneticmarkerofcellactivityinpigeonbrains.Brainactivitymapsofbirdsexposedtomagneticfieldswerecomparedwiththoseofacontrolgroupnotexposedtosuchfields.Theresultsrevealedneuronalactivityrelatedtomagneticfieldsinthebrainregionthatreceivessignalsfromthevestibularsystem—akeypartoftheinnerearresponsibleforbalanceandsenseofspace.Thisresultnarroweddownthepossiblecompasses(指南针)toone—thevestibularsystem.Furtheranalysisfocusedontheinnerear.Usingsingle-cellRNAanalysis-researchersidentifiedauniquetypeofhaircell—typeⅡ.Thesecellscontainspecialproteinsthatmakethemsensitivetotheslightestchangesinelectricalpotential.Whenabirdfliesandmovesitshead,liquidintheinnerearshifts,crossesmagneticfieldlines,andgeneratesaweakelectriccurrent.Thesesensitivecellsdetectthissignalandsendtheinformationtothebrain.Thediscoveryexplainsmanyobservedbehaviors.Forexample,homingpigeonsoftencircleinplacebeforechoosingaflightdirection.Itisnowclearthatsuchmovementsarenecessarytoactivatetheirbiologicalcompass—headmovementsstrengthenthesignaldetectedbytheinnerear.12.Whatcana“magnetoreception”organmostprobablydo?A.Detectinnerearcells.B.Blockelectriccurrents.C.SenseEarth’smagneticfield.D.Strengthenthemap-readingability.13.Whatdidthemagneticfieldintheresearchdotothepigeons?A.Itdiddamagetothepigeons’innerears.B.Itledtothegenerationofnewbraincells.C.Itmadethepigeons’headsmoverelatively.D.Itcausedcertainactivationpatternsofneurons.14.Whatcanbelearnedaboutapigeon’sinnerear?A.Itisinabrainregion.B.Ithasnewlyidentifiedhaircells.C.Itcanmovewhenapigeonflies.D.Itcontainsalargevarietyofproteins.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhytheVestibularSystemMattersMostB.TheBiologicalCompassHiddenintheEarC.NewResearchRevealedtheSecretofFlyingD.HowMagneticFieldsAffectPigeons’BrainActivity第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Herearesomepracticaltipstohelpyoumanagetherewardingyetcomplexdynamicsoflivingwithsomeonefromadifferentculturalbackground.____16____Anewcityoftenmeansnewstoresandchainsyoudon’trecognize.Foryourinternationalroommate,itcouldbequiteacultureshock.____17____Findafavoritegrocerystore,tryacoupleofhappyhours,andjustexploretheneighborhoodwithyourroommateevenifyouaren’tbestfriendsyet.Beveryclearaboutwhat’sincluded.It’ssuperimportanttobeclearaboutwhat’sincludedinyourlivingarrangement.Thisisn’tjustabouttherentandbills—thoughthosearekey—it’saboutallthelittlethingsthatcancausemisunderstandingsifthey’renotspelledoutfromtheget-go.____18____Willyouandyourroommatebesplitting(分摊)thecostsofthingslikeelectricity,water,andinternet?Avoidusingstereotypes(刻板印象).It’salsoimportantforyoutorecognizeandavoidrelyingonstereotypeswheninteractingwithyourinternationalroommate.____19____Askthemabouttheirinterests,theirfamily,whatatypicaldaylookedlikeforthembackhome,ortheirfavoritemusic.You’lllikelyfindthatthey’remuchmorethananystereotypecouldcover.Bepatient.Livingwithaforeignroommatemaytestyourpatienceinallsortsofways.Thinkaboutit:eachofusgrowsupwithourownsetofcustoms,anditcantakeaminutetoadjustwhensomeoneelse’scustomscrashintoours.However,showingabitofpatiencecanmakethingsmucheasier.____20____Remember—justlikeyou’readaptingtotheirhabits,they’readjustingtoyours.A.Solveproblemsintheearlystages.B.Itgivesroomtoadjustandconnect.C.Explorewithyourinternationalroommate.D.Theexperienceislikeacoinwithtwosides.E.Sotaketimetogettoknowthecitytogether.F.Forexample,areallservicesincludedintherent?G.It’swaybettertogettoknowyourroommateasaperson.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhenmayorRisaClayrecentlyaddressedapressconference,anattendantaskedifshewasokayasshesoundedbreathless.Recallingthis,Claysaidtoherfriends,“Canyou____21____?Someonetooktimetoask.I____22____myspasmodicdysphonia(痉挛性发音障碍)andthankedhim.”Clayhas____23____itfor18years,andwhenshefindsherselfinsituationslikethis,sheseesitasa(n)____24____toeducatepeopleaboutthedisorder.The64-year-oldretiredasahighschoolprincipal(校长)in2019.Shehaslongneededtouseher____25____alot—firstasaconsultantandthenasaprincipal,whichmadeherconditionmore____26____.Yetshehasneverletitstopherfromlivinga____27____life.Thisdisorderaffectsvocalcords(声带),themainpartfor____28____,andmakesaperson’svoicesoundbreathyor____29____.There’snocure,anditmayeven____30____withage.Clayhadtriedvarious,treatmentsandnow,shegetsneedletreatmentweeklytohelp____31____it.Lastyear,Claystartedalocal____32____underDysphoniaInternationaltohelpotherswiththedisorderfeelless____33____.Itholdsmonthlyonlinemeetingsandinvitesprofessionalstoshare____34____.ShealsoleadsayearlyWalkforTalk,afundraiserthathascollectedmuchforresearch.“Irefusetobe____35____bywhatIcan’tcontrol,”Claysaid.“Ican’tchangemyvoice,butIcanchangehowIthinkaboutit.”21.A.imagine B.stop C.breathe D.refuse22.A.remembered B.hated C.explained D.denied23.A.dreamedof B.talkedabout C.caredfor D.sufferedfrom24.A.trouble B.opportunity C.plan D.decision25.A.tongue B.energy C.voice D.power26.A.deadly B.challenging C.typical D.stressful27.A.meaningful B.quiet C.busy D.respectable28.A.chewing B.thinking C.digesting D.speaking29.A.loud B.unclear C.cold D.sharp30.A.worsen B.last C.improve D.disappear31.A.cure B.study C.control D.test32.A.lesson B.group C.party D.game33.A.alone B.regretful C.bored D.embarrassed34.A.news B.stories C.wisdom D.advice35.A.turnedaway B.heldback C.putdown D.takenin第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Followingaceremony(仪式)tomarktherelocationofaschoolinsideitswalls,XiannongtanTemple—oneofthekeyculturalsites____36____standsalongtheBeijing’sCentralAxis(北京中轴线)—hasofficiallyreconnecteditsinnerandouterareas,marking____37____importantstepinrestoringitshistoricallayout(布局).Theschool’srelocationmeansvisitorsnolongerneedtotakearoundaboutroutewhentheyvisitthetemple’sinnerandsacrificialareas.Thenewschoolcampuswas____38____(initial)putintouseinSeptember2025.____39____(locate)inthesouthwestofdowntownBeijing,XiannongtanTempleisChina’slargest____40____(exist)ancientroyalarchitecturalcomplex.ItisasymbolofthetraditionalagricultureandceremonialtraditionsoftheMingDynastyandQingDynasty.SincetheBeijingCentralAxis____41____(list)ontheUNESCOWorldHeritageListinJuly2024,thecityhasmadeplansandmadeeffortsforthe____42____(preserve)oftheonceimproperlyusedtemple,accordingtoZhangLixin,directoroftheBeijingMunicipalCulturalHeritageBureau.“Beijingwillcontinuetorestorethetemple’shistoricallayout,expanditsopenareas,andmakemorepublicspaces____43____(access),”Zhangsaid.Stretching7.8kilometersfromsouthtonorth,theBeijingCentralAxiswasbuiltbasedonancientarchitecturalphilosophies____44____(create)anidealcapitallayout.Itdatesback____45____theearlyYuanDynasty,withitslengthextendedintheMingandQingDynasties.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的同学因临时有事无法陪同你带外教Mr.Carter去市美术馆参观，请给你班的交换生Alley写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.邀他陪同前往；2.介绍具体安排；3.说明展览亮点。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAlley,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Istaredatthewrinkledposterontheclassroomwall,myheartsinkinglikeastone.Theschool’sannualcommunityservicefairwasonlyaweekaway,andmygroup’sproject—organizingabookdriveforthelocalchildren’shome—wasstuckinamess.Asthegroupleader,I’dconfidentlypromisedtocollectatleast200books,butsofar,ourdonationboxsatemptyinthecorner,laughingatmyoverconfidence.“It’snotyourfault,”Mia,mymostresponsibleteammate,saidgentlyasshewipeddustoffthebox.“Everyone’sjustbusywithmidterms.”ButIknewthetruth:I’drushedtheplanning,skippedmakingreminderflyers(传单),andassumedpeoplewouldsimplyshowupwithbooks.Whenourclasspresentationabouttheprojectendedwithawkwardsilenceinsteadofenthusiasm,Ichosetodonothingtoimprovethesituation,tooproudtoaskforhelp.OnWednesdayafternoon,Ipassedthechildren’