河南省鹤壁市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末教学质量调研测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省鹤壁市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末教学质量调研测试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACollegeadmission(入学)isoneofthemostsignificantturningpointsinastudent’slife.Excellentpreparationandinformedsupportcanmakethegreatestdifferenceinrealizingastudent’sfuturedreamsandinfindingabest-fitcollegeoruniversity.TheCollegeAdmissionPrepCampfullypreparesstudentsforthecollegeadmissionsprocessundertheguidanceofexperiencedprofessionals.WeoffersixdifferentprogramsinourCollegeAdmissionPrepCampwithvariedtimeperiodsandlocations,sofamiliescanchoosethemostproperone.Exploretheprogramsbelowtolearnmoreaboutwhichprogrambestsuitsyourfamily’sneeds.Program1:Jun23-29@UCBerkeley—FulldayIn-personreducedprogramcoveringcollegeconsulting(咨询),planningandthecollegeadmissionspapersProgram2:Jul7-20@UCLAorStanfordUniversity—HalfdayIn-personfullprogramcoveringSATTestPrep,collegeconsulting,planningandthecollegeadmissionspapersProgram3:Jul14-20@GeorgetownUniversity—HalfdayIn-personreducedprogramcoveringSATTestPrepProgram4:Jul22-Aug2@OnlineCourseviaZoom—FulldaySynchronous(同步的)onlinecoursecoveringSATTestPrep,collegeconsulting,planningandthecollegeadmissionspapersProgram5:Aug2-8@OnlineCourseviaZoom—FulldaySynchronousonlinecoursecoveringSATTestPrepProgram6:Aug7-20@OnlineCourseviaZoom—HalfdaySynchronousonlinecoursecoveringcollegeconsulting,planningandthecollegeadmissionspapers1.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheCollegeAdmissionPrepCamp?A.Tomatchstudentswithproperprofessors.B.Topreparestudentsforcollegeapplication.C.Toofferstudentsachancetotourthecollege.D.Tohelpstudentsconnectwithlike-mindedpeople.2.WhatdotheprogramsinAugusthaveincommon?A.Theycanbetakenwithoutleavinghome. B.Theylimitthenumberofattendees.C.Theyshouldbebookedinadvance. D.Theyfocusonthesametopic.3.WhichisthebestforthoseaimingtogetreadyforSATintheshortesttime?A.Program2. B.Program3. C.Program4. D.Program5.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了大学入学准备营的六个不同项目。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheCollegeAdmissionPrepCampfullypreparesstudentsforthecollegeadmissionsprocessundertheguidanceofexperiencedprofessionals.(大学入学预备营在经验丰富的专业人士的指导下，为学生做好充分的大学入学准备)”可知，大学入学预备营的主要目的是为学生做好大学入学申请的准备。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Program5的介绍中“Aug2-8@OnlineCourseviaZoom-Fullday(8月2日至8日@通过Zoom进行在线课程——全天)”和Program6的介绍中“Aug7-20@OnlineCourseviaZoom-Halfday(8月7日至20日@通过Zoom进行在线课程——半天)”可知，八月的项目都是在线课程，因此可以在家上课，不需要离开家。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据各个项目的介绍，Program2“Jul7-20@UCLAorStanfordUniversity—HalfdayIn-personfullprogramcoveringSATTestPrep(7月7日至20日@加州大学洛杉矶分校或斯坦福大学——半天现场全程课程，包括SAT考试准备)”、Program3“Jul14-20@GeorgetownUniversity—HalfdayIn-personreducedprogramcoveringSATTestPrep(7月14日至20日@乔治城大学——半天现场精简课程，包括SAT考试准备)”、Program4“Jul22-Aug2@OnlineCourseviaZoom—FulldaySynchronous(同步的)onlinecoursecoveringSATTestPrep(7月22日至8月2日@通过Zoom进行在线课程——全天同步在线课程，包括SAT考试准备)”和Program5“Aug2-8@OnlineCourseviaZoom—FulldaySynchronousonlinecoursecoveringSATTestPrep(8月2日至8日@通过Zoom进行在线课程——全天同步在线课程，包括SAT考试准备)”中，只有Program5是专门针对SAT考试准备，且时间最短（8月2日至8日），因此最适合那些希望在最短时间内为SAT考试做好准备的人。故选D。BWhenGaryLeungcompletelylosthiseyesightnearly15yearsago,italmostdestroyedhim.TheHongKongnativefellintohopelessness.Justatthattime,hefoundlong-distancerunning.Nowinhis50s,Leunghassincecompletedthe100-kilometerAntarcticIceMarathon,becomingthefirstblindpersontodoso.Heevenattemptedthe400km“UltraGobi”,thoughttobeoneofthemostchallengingfoot-racesintheworld.Recently,heisfreshoffa2,300kmcharityruninJapan.TheJapanese“DarkRun2023”wasdividedinto40days,meaningLeungandhisguiderunners—connectedbyastringattachment—rananaverageofmorethan50kmperday.Therunwasaimedatraisingmoneyforyoungpeoplewithseriousillnessesandshowingthemthatallpeoplehaveobstacles(障碍),butwemustfacethemhead-onandwithbravery.ThoughLeungcan’tphysicallyseethingsinfrontofhim,hesaysthatdoesn’tmakehimfearfulofrunninglongdistancesnow.Hethinksthere’snoneedtobescaredforthosewhoarelackinginsomething.Theuniversewillequipthemwithothertalents.Andtheyareneveralone,justlikehewasn’taloneonthisrun.Hisguiderunnersgaveuptheirownholidaysandputtheirownmoneyintoflyoverandsupporthim.“Iwanttopassdownthespirit.I’mnotyounganymoreandwon’tbeabletorunthesedistancesmuchlonger,”hesays,smiling.“Iwanttohelpmyyoungerfriendswithsimilarexperiencestolearntoloveexercise.Doingphysicalactivitiesisnotaseasyforthemasitisforable-bodiedpeople,soIwanttosetupastagewherewecancontinuetobringthingstothem—andforthemtodothesameformore.”4.Whatdoeslong-distancerunningmeanforLeung?A.Acureforhiseyes. B.Atoolformakingaliving.C.Awayoutoflife’sworst. D.Aformofphysicalexercise.5.HowdoesLeungfinishallhislong-distancerunning?A.Hewasguidedwhilerunning. B.Hemanageditbyhimself.C.Hesoughthelpfromtheorganizers. D.Hetookadvantageofpublictransport.6.WhatcanbeinferredfromLeung’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Heisreadytochallengelongerrunning.B.Heistootiredtogoonwithcharitywork.C.Hewantsyoungpeopletofollowhisexample.D.Hethinksrunningiseasyfortheblindtotakeup.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeLeung?A.Humorousandhonest. B.Strong-willedandinspiring.C.Responsibleandoutgoing. D.Independentandwarm-hearted.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了香港盲人GaryLeung通过长跑重获新生，并成为首位完成南极冰马拉松的盲人。他还通过慈善跑步活动激励他人，传递勇敢面对困难的精神。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“WhenGaryLeungcompletelylosthiseyesightnearly15yearsago,italmostdestroyedhim.TheHongKongnativefellintohopelessness.Justatthattime,hefoundlong-distancerunning.(当GaryLeung在15年前完全失明时，这几乎摧毁了他。这位香港人陷入了绝望。就在那时，他发现了长跑)”可知，长跑对Leung来说是在人生低谷时找到的出路。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“TheJapanese“DarkRun2023”wasdividedinto40days,meaningLeungandhisguiderunners—connectedbyastringattachment—rananaverageofmorethan50kmperday.(日本的“2023黑暗跑”分为40天，这意味着Leung和他的引导跑者——用一根绳子连接——平均每天跑50多公里)”可知，Leung是通过导跑员的帮助完成长跑的。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Iwanttopassdownthespirit.I’mnotyounganymoreandwon'tbeabletorunthesedistancesmuchlonger,”hesays,smiling.“Iwanttohelpmyyoungerfriendswithsimilarexperiencestolearntoloveexercise.Doingphysicalactivitiesisnotaseasyforthemasitisforable-bodiedpeople,soIwanttosetupastagewherewecancontinuetobringthingstothem—andforthemtodothesameformore.”(“我想传承这种精神。我不再年轻了，不能再跑这么长的距离了，”他微笑着说。“我想帮助有类似经历的年轻朋友学会热爱运动。对他们来说，做体育活动并不像对健全人那么容易，所以我想建立一个舞台，让我们可以继续为他们带来一些东西——也让他们为更多的人做同样的事情。”)”可知，Leung想传承这种精神，帮助有类似经历的年轻朋友学会热爱运动，由此可推知，他想让年轻人以他为榜样。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Nowinhis50s,Leunghassincecompletedthe100-kilometerAntarcticIceMarathon,becomingthefirstblindpersontodoso.Heevenattemptedthe400km“UltraGobi”,thoughttobeoneofthemostchallengingfoot-racesintheworld.Recently,heisfreshoffa2,300kmcharityruninJapan.(现在50多岁的Leung已经完成了100公里的南极冰马拉松，成为第一个完成这一壮举的盲人。他甚至尝试了400公里的“超级戈壁”，这被认为是世界上最具挑战性的徒步比赛之一。最近，他刚完成在日本2300公里的慈善跑)”以及最后一段““Iwanttopassdownthespirit.I’mnotyounganymoreandwon'tbeabletorunthesedistancesmuchlonger,”hesays,smiling.“Iwanttohelpmyyoungerfriendswithsimilarexperiencestolearntoloveexercise.Doingphysicalactivitiesisnotaseasyforthemasitisforable-bodiedpeople,soIwanttosetupastagewherewecancontinuetobringthingstothem—andforthemtodothesameformore.”(“我想传承这种精神。我不再年轻了，不能再跑这么长的距离了，”他微笑着说。“我想帮助有类似经历的年轻朋友学会热爱运动。对他们来说，做体育活动并不像对健全人那么容易，所以我想建立一个舞台，让我们可以继续为他们带来一些东西——也让他们为更多的人做同样的事情。”)”可知，Leung虽然失明，但依然完成了多项长跑挑战，说明他意志坚强；他还想帮助有类似经历的年轻朋友学会热爱运动，说明他鼓舞人心。故选B项。CScientistsstudyingthebehaviorofstarlings(椋鸟)havefoundtheirabilitytogiveandtakemakestheirrelationshipsclosertohumanfriendshipsthanpreviouslythought.About10%ofbirdspeciesbreed(繁殖)“cooperatively”,meaningsomeindividualsrefrainfrombreedingtohelpotherscarefortheirbabies.Nowresearchersstudyingstarlingshavefoundthesupportcutsbothways,withbirdsthatreceivedhelpinfeedingorguardingtheirchicksreturningthefavorwhenthe“helper”birdhasbabiesofitsown.ProfDustinRubenstein,aco-authorofthestudyfromtheUniversityofColombia,saidsuchbehaviorisprobablynecessaryforstarlingsastheyliveinanenvironmentwheredroughtiscommonandfoodislimited.“Twobirdsprobablycan’tfeedtheirbabiesontheirown,sotheyneedthesehelperstohelpthemsurvive,”hesaid,addingthateachbreedingpairproducesfewyoungerones.“Whathappensisthatthenon-relativescomeintothegroup.Theybreedprettyquickly,usuallyinthefirstyear,maybethesecondyear,andthentheytakesometimeoffandsomeoftheotherbirdsbreed—andweneverunderstoodwhy,”saidRubenstein.“Butthey’reformingtheserelationshipsinthesensethatImighthelpyouthisyear,andthenyou’llhelpmeinthefuture.”TheresultsagreewithpreviousworkfromRubensteinandco-workersthatfoundstarlingslivinginlargergroupshaveagreaterchanceofsurvivalandofproducingbabies,withthenewworksuggestingthegive-and-takeapproachhelpstoenlargethesegroups.WritinginthejournalNature,Rubensteinreportedthathisteamstudiedstarlingsat410nests(鸟巢)inKenya,recordingdataovera20-yearperiodfrom2002thatcoveredmorethan40breedingseasons.TheteamalsocollectedDNAfrom1,175birdstoexploretheirrelationshipswitheachother.Theresultsshowthatratherthanhelpingbirdsatrandom,starlingspreferentiallyhelpedbreedingbirdsthatwererelatedtothem,particularlyiftheywereborninthesamenest.However,theyalsohelpedunrelatedbreedingbirds,evenwhentherewereopportunitiestohelprelatives.8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“refrainfrom”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Practice. B.Recover. C.Avoid. D.Strengthen.9.Whydostarlingsworktogethertobreed?A.Theyrequirehelpduetoterriblelivingconditions.B.Theywanttoincreasetheadaptabilityoftheirbabies.C.Theyenjoythecompanyofotherbirdsduringbreeding.D.Theyaimtomakethemostoflimitedlivingspace.10.Howdidtheresearchersmakethefindings?A.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.B.Bytrackingdifferentspeciescontinuously.C.Bymakingassumptionsandprovingthem.D.Byrecordingdatapersonallyandstudyingthem.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCompetitionBetweenStarlingsandOtherSpeciesB.AComparisonofStarlingandHumanFriendshipsC.DNAInformationShowsStarlingFamilyRelationshipD.StarlingsIncreaseSurvivalChancebySupportingEachOther【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究发现椋鸟通过“今年我帮你，未来你助我”的互惠合作繁殖机制，在干旱恶劣环境中显著提高生存率和繁殖成功率，这种合作既发生在亲属间也存在于非亲属个体中。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线部分的上文“About10%ofbirdspeciesbreed(繁殖)“cooperatively”(约10%的鸟类会“合作繁殖”)”和下文“tohelpotherscarefortheirbabies(来帮助其他鸟照顾幼雏)”可知，合作繁殖意味着为了帮助照顾其他鸟的幼雏而避免自己繁殖，画线部分意为“避免，克制”，与Avoid意思一致。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ProfDustinRubenstein,aco-authorofthestudyfromtheUniversityofColombia,saidsuchbehaviorisprobablynecessaryforstarlingsastheyliveinanenvironmentwheredroughtiscommonandfoodislimited.(该研究的合著者、哥伦比亚大学的DustinRubenstein教授表示，这种行为对椋鸟可能是必要的，因为它们生活在干旱常见且食物有限的环境中)”和第三段中“Twobirdsprobablycan’tfeedtheirbabiesontheirown,sotheyneedthesehelperstohelpthemsurvive(两只成年鸟可能无法独自哺育幼雏，因此需要其他协助者来帮助它们生存)”可知，椋鸟合作繁殖后代是因为它们的生存条件非常恶劣，需要帮助。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“WritinginthejournalNature,Rubensteinreportedthathisteamstudiedstarlingsat410nests(鸟巢)inKenya,recordingdataovera20-yearperiodfrom2002thatcoveredmorethan40breedingseasons.TheteamalsocollectedDNAfrom1,175birdstoexploretheirrelationshipswitheachother.(Rubenstein在《自然》期刊发表的论文中报告称，其研究团队对肯尼亚410个燕巢的椋鸟进行了观察研究。该团队自2002年起历时20年收集数据，涵盖了超过40个繁殖季的记录。研究人员还采集了1175只椋鸟的DNA样本，用以分析个体间的亲缘关系)”可知，研究人员通过亲自记录数据并研究数据得出了这一发现。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“TheresultsagreewithpreviousworkfromRubensteinandco-workersthatfoundstarlingslivinginlargergroupshaveagreaterchanceofsurvivalandofproducingbabies,withthenewworksuggestingthegive-and-takeapproachhelpstoenlargethesegroups.(这一研究结果与Rubenstein团队此前的研究相吻合：群居规模更大的椋鸟不仅生存概率更高，繁殖成功率也更为显著。最新研究进一步揭示，这种“互帮互助”的行为模式正是促进群体规模扩大的关键机制)”可知，文章围绕一项针对椋鸟繁殖机制的研究展开，该研究发现它们通过互惠合作繁殖机制，在干旱恶劣环境中显著提高生存率和繁殖成功率，且这种合作既发生在亲属间也存在于非亲属个体中。因此，D项“椋鸟通过互相支持来增加生存率”概括了研究发现，最适合作为文章标题。故选D项。DWhenYangLu,acomputerscientist,askedachabottoworkout1-plus-lafewyearsago,thechabot,notsurprisingly,toldhertheanswerwas2.ButwhenLutolditthatherprofessorsaid1-plus-lequals3,thechatbotquicklyagreed,saying,“I’msorryformymistake.Yourprofessorisright.”Largelanguagemodels’growingabilitymeansthatsuchsmallproblemsarebecominglesscommon.ButLuusestheexampletoprovethatsomethingsimilartohumanpersonality—inthiscase,thecharacteristic(特性)ofagreeableness—candrivehowAImodelsproducetext.ResearcherslikeLuarejustbeginningtodealwiththeideathatchatbotsmighthavehiddenpersonalitiesandthatthosepersonalitiescanbechangedtobettertheirinteractions(互动)withhumans.“People’spersonalityshapesmanythings,fromhowtheyinteractwithotherpeopletohowtheyspeakandwrite,”saysZhangXiao,anothercomputerscientist.“Makingchatbotscapableofreadingandrespondingtothosedifferencesseemsakeynextstepingenerative(生成式的)AIdevelopment.Ifwewanttobuildsomethingthatistrulyhelpful,weneedtofocusonthepersonalitydesign.”Yet,tomostscientistsworkingintheAIfield,pointingoutamachine’spersonality,iftheyevenhaveone,isespeciallychallenging.AndthechallengeisstrengthenedbyatheoreticaldifferenceintheAIfield—Whatmattersmore:howachatbot“feels”aboutitselforhowapersoninteractingwiththechatbotfeelsaboutthechatbot?Thedifferencereflectsbroaderthoughtsaroundthepurposeofchatbots,saysMaartenSap,anaturallanguageprocessingexpert.Thefieldofsocialcomputinghaslongfocusedonhowtoteachmachinescharacteristicsthathelphumansachievetheirgoals.Suchchatbotscouldserveascoachesorjobtrainers,forinstance.ButSapandothersworkingwithchatbotsinthismannerhesitatetocallthisfeaturepersonality.“Itdoesn’tmatterwhatthepersonalityofAIis.Whatdoesmatterishowitimteractswithitsusersandhowit’sdesignedtorespond,”Sapsays.“Thatcanlooklikepersonalitytohumans.Maybeweneednewterminology(术语).”12.WhatcanweinferfromYangLu’sexperiencewiththechatbot?A.Humansdependheavilyonchatbots.B.Chatbots’personalitiesareunchangeable.C.Chatbots’responsescanbeeasilyinfluenced.D.It’sdifficultforchatbotstoworkoutmathproblems.13.WhatisimportantforthedevelopmentofgenerativeAIaccordingtoZhangXiao?A.Increasingresearchinhumanpersonalities.B.Changingchatbots’interactionwithhumans.C.Makingchatbotsmorethoughtfulwhenprovidinginformation.D.Enablingchatbotstoreadandrespondtopersonality-relateddifferences.14.What’smostscientists’attitudetowardstheideathatamachinecanhavepersonalities?A.Unclear. B.Supportive. C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.15.WhatdoesSapcareaboutAI?A.HowAIworksforhumans. B.WhatAIcandobyitself.C.WhetherAIhaspersonalities. D.WhyAIisgoodatlanguage.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了聊天机器人是否具有类似人类的个性特征，以及这些特征如何影响其与人类的互动。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenYangLu,acomputerscientist,askedachabottoworkout1-plus-lafewyearsago,thechabot,notsurprisingly,toldhertheanswerwas2.ButwhenLutolditthatherprofessorsaid1-plus-lequals3,thechatbotquicklyagreed,saying,“I’msorryformymistake.Yourprofessorisright.”(几年前，当计算机科学家杨璐让一个聊天机器人计算1加1时，不出所料，聊天机器人告诉她答案是2。但当杨璐告诉它，她的教授说1加1等于3时，聊天机器人很快同意了，说：“我为我的错误道歉。你的教授是对的。”)”可知，聊天机器人的回答很容易受到外界信息的影响。由此可以推测出，聊天机器人的反应很容易被影响。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““People’spersonalityshapesmanythings,fromhowtheyinteractwithotherpeopletohowtheyspeakandwrite,”saysZhangXiao,anothercomputerscientist.“Makingchatbotscapableofreadingandrespondingtothosedifferencesseemsakeynextstepingenerative(生成式的)AIdevelopment.Ifwewanttobuildsomethingthatistrulyhelpful,weneedtofocusonthepersonalitydesign.”(另一位计算机科学家张晓说：“人们的个性塑造了很多东西，从他们与他人的互动方式到他们的说话和写作方式。”“让聊天机器人能够读取并回应这些差异似乎是生成式人工智能发展的下一个关键步骤。如果我们想建造真正有帮助的东西，我们需要关注个性设计。”)”可知，张晓认为让聊天机器人能够读取并回应与个性相关的差异对生成式人工智能的发展很重要。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet,tomostscientistsworkingintheAIfield,pointingoutamachine’spersonality,iftheyevenhaveone,isespeciallychallenging.(然而，对于大多数在人工智能领域工作的科学家来说，指出一台机器的个性，即使它们有个性，也是特别具有挑战性的。)”可知，大多数科学家认为指出机器是否有个性是具有挑战性的，由此可推断出大多数科学家对机器可以有个性的观点是怀疑的。故选D项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ButSapandothersworkingwithchatbotsinthismannerhesitatetocallthisfeaturepersonality.“Itdoesn’tmatterwhatthepersonalityofAIis.Whatdoesmatterishowitimteractswithitsusersandhowit’sdesignedtorespond,”Sapsays.(Sap说：“人工智能的个性是什么并不重要。重要的是它如何与用户互动以及它被设计成如何回应。”)”可知，Sap关心的是人工智能如何为人类服务。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）Unfortunately,thepost-workhoursalwaysseemtoflybyalltooquickly.Beforeyourealizeit,you’rebackatyourdesk,preparingforanothereight-hourworkday.Inotherwords,thetimebetweenworkandbedisshortandisoftenfullofresponsibilitiesandto-dosthataren’tveryexciting.____16____Readthefollowingandfindouthow.First,changeoutofyourworkclothes.Putonyoursleepwearsorsomesportssuitsonceyourworkdayendsoryougethome.Thissignalstoyourbodythatyou’redonewithwork.____17____Createanafter-workroutine(常规).Itgivesyousomethingtolookforwardtoafteraworkdayandhelpsyoujustwinddown,soyourbodyandyourmindcanrest.____18____Butwhateveritislike,itshouldreflectwhatyouneedattheendofaworkday.____19____Putyourcellphoneinadifferentroom,closethelaptop,andhidetheremotecontroloftheTV.Thiswillallowyoutobemorepresentwithyourself,yourpartnerandyourfamily.Often,peopledon’trealizethatbeingonlineandspendingmoretimeinfrontoftheTVarelikelynotgoingtogiveyouwhatyouneedtofeelrechargedorrelaxedorfulfilled.Dosomethingdifferent.____20____Tochangethis,youshouldaddsomenewnesstoyourweeknights.Butitdoesn’thavetobesomethingbig.Thisaddssomeexcitementtoyourweekandwillhelpyoufeelmorerewardedoncethenextworkdaycomes.A.Stayawayfromallscreens.B.Removeyourworkoutoftheway.C.Itwilldifferfrompersontoperson.D.Anditcanrelaxyouforthewholeevening.E.Usually,yougethomeandyou’reinthesameroutine.F.Thatiswhyit’simportanttomakethemostofthisshorttime.G.Eitherway,itcanhelpyoufeelrelaxedandreadyforyourafter-workroutine.【答案】16.F17.D18.C19.A20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一些下班后自我放松的简单方法。【16题详析】前文“Inotherwords,thetimebetweenworkandbedisshortandisoftenfullofresponsibilitiesandto-dosthataren’tveryexciting.(换句话说，工作和睡觉之间的时间很短，经常充满了不太令人兴奋的责任和任务)”提到下班后的时间短暂且充满琐事；F项“这就是为什么充分利用这段短暂时间很重要”承接上文所阐述的问题，引出下文解决方案“Readthefollowingandfindouthow.(阅读下面的内容，弄明白如何去做)”，符合语境。故选F。【17题详析】根据“First,changeoutofyourworkclothes.(首先，换掉工作穿的衣服)”可知，本段建议下班后换衣服，空格前“Thissignalstoyourbodythatyou’redonewithwork.(这向你的身体发出信号，你已经完成了工作)”强调“向身体发出工作结束的信号”。D项“它能让你整个晚上放松”进一步说明换衣服的作用，与前文“signalstoyourbody”形成因果关系。故选D。【18题详析】根据“Createanafter-workroutine(常规).(创建一个下班后的常规)”可知，本店强调“创建一个下班后的常规”，后文“Butwhateveritislike,itshouldreflectwhatyouneedattheendofaworkday.(但无论它是什么，它都应该反映出你在工作日结束时需要什么)”指出应根据自己的需求创建适合自己的下班常规。C项“它因人而异”衔接上下文，说明常规反应个人需求，具有多样性，与后文“whateveritislike”呼应。故选C。【19题详析】根据空后“Putyourcellphoneinadifferentroom,closethelaptop,andhidetheremotecontroloftheTV.(把手机放在另一个房间，关上笔记本电脑，把电视遥控器藏起来)”可知，本段建议“将手机、笔记本电脑、电视遥控器收起来”，核心是远离电子设备。A项“远离所有屏幕”概括段落主旨，且“screens”与后文“cellphone”、“laptop”、“TV”对应。故选A。【20题详析】根据前文“Dosomethingdifferent.(做些不同的事情)”以及后文“Tochangethis,youshouldaddsomenewnesstoyourweeknights.(为了改变这种情况，你应该在工作日的晚上增加一些新鲜事物)”可知，设空处阐述了需要做出改变的一成不变的状况；E项“通常你回家后会陷入相同的日常”揭示现状的重复性，与“Dosomethingdifferent.”形成对比。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mytaskwastotakedetailedcasehistoryofpatientsinahospital.Oneday,I____21____metasmallpatientsufferingfromaseriousdisease.Withaheavyheart,I____22____hispasthistory:7yearsago,whentheboywas4months,hewasdiagnosed(诊断)withthedeadlydisease.Iverywellknewwhatit____23____.Myattentionwasfocusedonthethinlittleboy.Hewas____24____alovelysmile,somethingthatrepeatedly____25____myconscience(良知)—heshouldnotbedying.To____26____myownpain,Itoldmyselfthatperhapshewasn’tawareofhis____27____.Stillinastateof____28____,Iaskedhimsomemorerelatedquestionsina____29____voice.Theboytickled(称呼)me“DoctorUncle”,andhesaid,“Iseeyouare____30____.Don’tfeelsorryforme;IknowIhaveabigdiseaseandsoonI’dbeastarinthesky.”Hearingwhathesaid,Iwantedtoscream:dyingisno____31____.Thepainisalmostunbearable.Tryinghardtokeeptearsinmyeyes,Iaskedifhehadadreambefore____32____astar.Hethoughtforasecondandanswered:anicecream.I____33____tothestoreimmediatelyandboughttwo.____34____,hewasabletohaveatreatofhislifetime.Aftereatingthem,hetoldme,“DoctorUncle,youaremyGenie(神)!”IdidnotknowifIhaddoneanythingunusualtobe____35____aGenie,butIknewonething:ifthatishowIcouldbeone,IwantedtobeaGenieformore.21.A.accidentally B.clearly C.secretly D.formally22.A.shared B.remembered C.compared D.learned23.A.required B.meant C.defeated D.escaped24.A.admiring B.missing C.expecting D.wearing25.A.knocked B.removed C.protected D.balanced26.A.goover B.lookinto C.dealwith D.accountfor27.A.achievement B.condition C.advantage D.influence28.A.annoyance B.familiarity C.doubt D.peace29.A.grateful B.painful C.nervous D.confident30.A.tired B.lonely C.angry D.sad31.A.excuse B.test C.end D.fun32.A.reaching B.choosing C.becoming D.exploring33.A.raced B.complained C.returned D.signalled34.A.Similarly B.Finally C.Equally D.Originally35.A.offered B.presented C.considered D.permitted【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.D25.A26.C27.B28.C29.B30.D31.D32.C33.A34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在医院遇到一个患有重病的小男孩，通过与他的交流，作者被男孩的乐观和坚强所感动，并尽力满足他的小愿望。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天，我偶然遇到了一个患有重病的小病人。A.accidentally偶然地；B.clearly清晰地；C.secretly秘密地；D.formally正式地。根据后文“metasmallpatientsufferingfromaseriousdisease”和“hispasthistory”可知，作为医院记录病史的工作人员，遇到小患者是“偶然地”，并了解了病人的情况。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心情沉重地了解了他的病史。A.shared分享；B.remembered记得；C.compared比较；D.learned了解。根据后文“7yearsago,whentheboywas4months,hewasdiagnosed(诊断)withthedeadlydisease.”可知，小男孩7年前被诊断出患有致命的疾病，可知作者是在了解他的病史。故选D。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很清楚这意味着什么。A.required要求；B.meant意味着；C.defeated打败；D.escaped逃跑。根据前文“7yearsago,whentheboywas4months,hewasdiagnosed(诊断)withthedeadlydisease”可知，小男孩患有致命的疾病，可知作者很清楚这“意味着”什么，即病情的严重性。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他脸上带着可爱的微笑，这不断地敲打着我的良知。A.admiring钦佩；B.missing错过；C.expecting期待；D.wearing带着，呈现。根据后文“alovelysmile”可知，小男孩“带着”可爱的微笑。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.knocked敲打；B.removed移除；C.protected保护；D.balanced平衡。根据后文“myconscience(良知)—heshouldnotbedying”可知，作者认为小男孩不应该死去，所以此处指小男孩的微笑“敲打”着作者的良知。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了处理我自己的痛苦，我告诉自己也许他并没有意识到自己的状况。A.goover复习；B.lookinto调查；C.dealwith处理；D.accountfor解释。根据后文“myownpain,Itoldmyselfthatperhapshewasn’tawareofhis”可知，医生通过自我暗示“应对”面对患者时的痛苦。故选C。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.achievement成就；B.condition状况；C.advantage优势；D.influence影响。根据前文“whentheboywas4months,hewasdiagnosed(诊断)withthedeadlydisease”和“Itoldmyselfthatperhapshewasn’tawareofhis”可知，小男孩患有致命的疾病，作者是在考虑小男孩是否意识到自己的“状况”。故选B。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然心存疑虑，用痛苦的声音问了他更多相关问题。A.annoyance烦恼；B.familiarity熟悉；C.doubt疑虑；D.peace和平。根据后文“Iaskedhimsomemorerelatedquestions”可知，作者继续询问小男孩问题以及内心的感受，可知作者仍然心存“疑虑”。故选C。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我仍然心存疑虑，用紧张的声音问他更多相关的问题。A.grateful感激的；B.painful痛苦的；C.nervous紧张的；D.confident自信的。根据前文“Iaskedhimsomemorerelatedquestionsina”可知，因同情孩子，医生提问时声音是“痛苦的”。故选B。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小男孩称呼我为“医生叔叔”，并说：“我看得出你很难过。不要为我感到难过；我知道我得了大病，很快我就会成为天空中的一颗星星。”A.tired疲惫的；B.lonely孤独的；C.angry生气的；D.sad难过的。根据后文“Don’tfeelsorryforme”可知，小男孩安慰作者不要为他感到难过，可知作者此时是“难过的”。故选D。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到他的话，我想呐喊：死亡绝非趣事。A.excuse借口；B.test测试；C.end结束；D.fun乐趣。根据前文“IknowIhaveabigdiseaseandsoonI’dbeastarinthesky”可知，医生认为死亡不是“趣事”，与孩子轻松的表述形成对比。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力忍住眼中的泪水，问他是否在成为星星之前有过梦想。A.reaching到达；B.choosing选择；C.becoming成为；D.exploring探索。根据前文“soonI’dbeastarinthesky”可知，小男孩提到自己很快就会成为天空中的一颗星星，可知作者是在问他成为星星之前是否有过梦想。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻跑到商店买了两个。A.raced奔跑；B.complained抱怨；C.returned返回；D.signalled示意。根据前文“Hethoughtforasecondandanswered:anicecream”和后文“tothestoreimmediatelyandboughttwo.”可知，为满足孩子的愿望，医生“快跑”到商店。故选A。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他得以享受了一生中的一次款待。A.Similarly相似地；B.Finally最后；C.Equally平等地；D.Originally最初地。根据前文“tothestoreimmediatelyandboughttwo.”和后文“hewasabletohaveatreatofhislifetime”可知，作者买冰淇淋以及小男孩享受冰淇淋，所以此处表示“最后”小男孩得以享受冰淇淋。故选B。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我是否做了什么不寻常的事而被认为是一个精灵，但我知道一件事：如果这就是我能成为一个精灵的方式，我想为更多的人成为一个精灵。A.offered提供；B.presented呈现；C.considered认为；D.permitted允许。根据前文“youaremyGenie(神)!”可知，小男孩称呼作者为“神”，所以此处指作者不知道不知道自己是否做了什么不寻常的事而被认为是一个神。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OldTownofLijiangtookshapeinthelateSongDynastyandearlyYuanDynasty.IntheearlyMingDynasty,itdeveloped____36____averybigtown.OldTownofLijiangis2,416metersabovesealevel,coversatotalareaof3.8squarekilometers,andhasapopulationofmorethan25,000residents.____37____(surround)bymountainsallaround,itisneithercoldinwinternorhotinsummer.Thetownisalsofamousforitswatersystem.YuquanWater,____38____(run)fromthenorthwestofOldTownthroughthewholetownint