河南省鹤壁市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末教学质量调研测试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省鹤壁市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末教学质量调研测试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACollegeadmission(入学)isoneofthemostsignificantturningpointsinastudent’slife.Excellentpreparationandinformedsupportcanmakethegreatestdifferenceinrealizingastudent’sfuturedreamsandinfindingabest-fitcollegeoruniversity.TheCollegeAdmissionPrepCampfullypreparesstudentsforthecollegeadmissionsprocessundertheguidanceofexperiencedprofessionals.WeoffersixdifferentprogramsinourCollegeAdmissionPrepCampwithvariedtimeperiodsandlocations,sofamiliescanchoosethemostproperone.Exploretheprogramsbelowtolearnmoreaboutwhichprogrambestsuitsyourfamily’sneeds.Program1:Jun23-29@UCBerkeley—FulldayIn-personreducedprogramcoveringcollegeconsulting(咨询),planningandthecollegeadmissionspapersProgram2:Jul7-20@UCLAorStanfordUniversity—HalfdayIn-personfullprogramcoveringSATTestPrep,collegeconsulting,planningandthecollegeadmissionspapersProgram3:Jul14-20@GeorgetownUniversity—HalfdayIn-personreducedprogramcoveringSATTestPrepProgram4:Jul22-Aug2@OnlineCourseviaZoom—FulldaySynchronous(同步的)onlinecoursecoveringSATTestPrep,collegeconsulting,planningandthecollegeadmissionspapersProgram5:Aug2-8@OnlineCourseviaZoom—FulldaySynchronousonlinecoursecoveringSATTestPrepProgram6:Aug7-20@OnlineCourseviaZoom—HalfdaySynchronousonlinecoursecoveringcollegeconsulting,planningandthecollegeadmissionspapers1.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheCollegeAdmissionPrepCamp?A.Tomatchstudentswithproperprofessors.B.Topreparestudentsforcollegeapplication.C.Toofferstudentsachancetotourthecollege.D.Tohelpstudentsconnectwithlike-mindedpeople.2.WhatdotheprogramsinAugusthaveincommon?A.Theycanbetakenwithoutleavinghome. B.Theylimitthenumberofattendees.C.Theyshouldbebookedinadvance. D.Theyfocusonthesametopic.3.WhichisthebestforthoseaimingtogetreadyforSATintheshortesttime?A.Program2. B.Program3. C.Program4. D.Program5.BWhenGaryLeungcompletelylosthiseyesightnearly15yearsago,italmostdestroyedhim.TheHongKongnativefellintohopelessness.Justatthattime,hefoundlong-distancerunning.Nowinhis50s,Leunghassincecompletedthe100-kilometerAntarcticIceMarathon,becomingthefirstblindpersontodoso.Heevenattemptedthe400km“UltraGobi”,thoughttobeoneofthemostchallengingfoot-racesintheworld.Recently,heisfreshoffa2,300kmcharityruninJapan.TheJapanese“DarkRun2023”wasdividedinto40days,meaningLeungandhisguiderunners—connectedbyastringattachment—rananaverageofmorethan50kmperday.Therunwasaimedatraisingmoneyforyoungpeoplewithseriousillnessesandshowingthemthatallpeoplehaveobstacles(障碍),butwemustfacethemhead-onandwithbravery.ThoughLeungcan’tphysicallyseethingsinfrontofhim,hesaysthatdoesn’tmakehimfearfulofrunninglongdistancesnow.Hethinksthere’snoneedtobescaredforthosewhoarelackinginsomething.Theuniversewillequipthemwithothertalents.Andtheyareneveralone,justlikehewasn’taloneonthisrun.Hisguiderunnersgaveuptheirownholidaysandputtheirownmoneyintoflyoverandsupporthim.“Iwanttopassdownthespirit.I’mnotyounganymoreandwon’tbeabletorunthesedistancesmuchlonger,”hesays,smiling.“Iwanttohelpmyyoungerfriendswithsimilarexperiencestolearntoloveexercise.Doingphysicalactivitiesisnotaseasyforthemasitisforable-bodiedpeople,soIwanttosetupastagewherewecancontinuetobringthingstothem—andforthemtodothesameformore.”4.Whatdoeslong-distancerunningmeanforLeung?A.Acureforhiseyes. B.Atoolformakingaliving.C.Awayoutoflife’sworst. D.Aformofphysicalexercise.5.HowdoesLeungfinishallhislong-distancerunning?A.Hewasguidedwhilerunning. B.Hemanageditbyhimself.C.Hesoughthelpfromtheorganizers. D.Hetookadvantageofpublictransport.6.WhatcanbeinferredfromLeung’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Heisreadytochallengelongerrunning.B.Heistootiredtogoonwithcharitywork.C.Hewantsyoungpeopletofollowhisexample.D.Hethinksrunningiseasyfortheblindtotakeup.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeLeung?A.Humorousandhonest. B.Strong-willedandinspiring.C.Responsibleandoutgoing. D.Independentandwarm-hearted.CScientistsstudyingthebehaviorofstarlings(椋鸟)havefoundtheirabilitytogiveandtakemakestheirrelationshipsclosertohumanfriendshipsthanpreviouslythought.About10%ofbirdspeciesbreed(繁殖)“cooperatively”,meaningsomeindividualsrefrainfrombreedingtohelpotherscarefortheirbabies.Nowresearchersstudyingstarlingshavefoundthesupportcutsbothways,withbirdsthatreceivedhelpinfeedingorguardingtheirchicksreturningthefavorwhenthe“helper”birdhasbabiesofitsown.ProfDustinRubenstein,aco-authorofthestudyfromtheUniversityofColombia,saidsuchbehaviorisprobablynecessaryforstarlingsastheyliveinanenvironmentwheredroughtiscommonandfoodislimited.“Twobirdsprobablycan’tfeedtheirbabiesontheirown,sotheyneedthesehelperstohelpthemsurvive,”hesaid,addingthateachbreedingpairproducesfewyoungerones.“Whathappensisthatthenon-relativescomeintothegroup.Theybreedprettyquickly,usuallyinthefirstyear,maybethesecondyear,andthentheytakesometimeoffandsomeoftheotherbirdsbreed—andweneverunderstoodwhy,”saidRubenstein.“Butthey’reformingtheserelationshipsinthesensethatImighthelpyouthisyear,andthenyou’llhelpmeinthefuture.”TheresultsagreewithpreviousworkfromRubensteinandco-workersthatfoundstarlingslivinginlargergroupshaveagreaterchanceofsurvivalandofproducingbabies,withthenewworksuggestingthegive-and-takeapproachhelpstoenlargethesegroups.WritinginthejournalNature,Rubensteinreportedthathisteamstudiedstarlingsat410nests(鸟巢)inKenya,recordingdataovera20-yearperiodfrom2002thatcoveredmorethan40breedingseasons.TheteamalsocollectedDNAfrom1,175birdstoexploretheirrelationshipswitheachother.Theresultsshowthatratherthanhelpingbirdsatrandom,starlingspreferentiallyhelpedbreedingbirdsthatwererelatedtothem,particularlyiftheywereborninthesamenest.However,theyalsohelpedunrelatedbreedingbirds,evenwhentherewereopportunitiestohelprelatives.8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“refrainfrom”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Practice. B.Recover. C.Avoid. D.Strengthen.9.Whydostarlingsworktogethertobreed?A.Theyrequirehelpduetoterriblelivingconditions.B.Theywanttoincreasetheadaptabilityoftheirbabies.C.Theyenjoythecompanyofotherbirdsduringbreeding.D.Theyaimtomakethemostoflimitedlivingspace.10.Howdidtheresearchersmakethefindings?A.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.B.Bytrackingdifferentspeciescontinuously.C.Bymakingassumptionsandprovingthem.D.Byrecordingdatapersonallyandstudyingthem.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCompetitionBetweenStarlingsandOtherSpeciesB.AComparisonofStarlingandHumanFriendshipsC.DNAInformationShowsStarlingFamilyRelationshipD.StarlingsIncreaseSurvivalChancebySupportingEachOtherDWhenYangLu,acomputerscientist,askedachabottoworkout1-plus-lafewyearsago,thechabot,notsurprisingly,toldhertheanswerwas2.ButwhenLutolditthatherprofessorsaid1-plus-lequals3,thechatbotquicklyagreed,saying,“I’msorryformymistake.Yourprofessorisright.”Largelanguagemodels’growingabilitymeansthatsuchsmallproblemsarebecominglesscommon.ButLuusestheexampletoprovethatsomethingsimilartohumanpersonality—inthiscase,thecharacteristic(特性)ofagreeableness—candrivehowAImodelsproducetext.ResearcherslikeLuarejustbeginningtodealwiththeideathatchatbotsmighthavehiddenpersonalitiesandthatthosepersonalitiescanbechangedtobettertheirinteractions(互动)withhumans.“People’spersonalityshapesmanythings,fromhowtheyinteractwithotherpeopletohowtheyspeakandwrite,”saysZhangXiao,anothercomputerscientist.“Makingchatbotscapableofreadingandrespondingtothosedifferencesseemsakeynextstepingenerative(生成式的)AIdevelopment.Ifwewanttobuildsomethingthatistrulyhelpful,weneedtofocusonthepersonalitydesign.”Yet,tomostscientistsworkingintheAIfield,pointingoutamachine’spersonality,iftheyevenhaveone,isespeciallychallenging.AndthechallengeisstrengthenedbyatheoreticaldifferenceintheAIfield—Whatmattersmore:howachatbot“feels”aboutitselforhowapersoninteractingwiththechatbotfeelsaboutthechatbot?Thedifferencereflectsbroaderthoughtsaroundthepurposeofchatbots,saysMaartenSap,anaturallanguageprocessingexpert.Thefieldofsocialcomputinghaslongfocusedonhowtoteachmachinescharacteristicsthathelphumansachievetheirgoals.Suchchatbotscouldserveascoachesorjobtrainers,forinstance.ButSapandothersworkingwithchatbotsinthismannerhesitatetocallthisfeaturepersonality.“Itdoesn’tmatterwhatthepersonalityofAIis.Whatdoesmatterishowitimteractswithitsusersandhowit’sdesignedtorespond,”Sapsays.“Thatcanlooklikepersonalitytohumans.Maybeweneednewterminology(术语).”12.WhatcanweinferfromYangLu’sexperiencewiththechatbot?A.Humansdependheavilyonchatbots.B.Chatbots’personalitiesareunchangeable.C.Chatbots’responsescanbeeasilyinfluenced.D.It’sdifficultforchatbotstoworkoutmathproblems.13.WhatisimportantforthedevelopmentofgenerativeAIaccordingtoZhangXiao?A.Increasingresearchinhumanpersonalities.B.Changingchatbots’interactionwithhumans.C.Makingchatbotsmorethoughtfulwhenprovidinginformation.D.Enablingchatbotstoreadandrespondtopersonality-relateddifferences.14.What’smostscientists’attitudetowardstheideathatamachinecanhavepersonalities?A.Unclear. B.Supportive. C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.15.WhatdoesSapcareaboutAI?A.HowAIworksforhumans. B.WhatAIcandobyitself.C.WhetherAIhaspersonalities. D.WhyAIisgoodatlanguage.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）Unfortunately,thepost-workhoursalwaysseemtoflybyalltooquickly.Beforeyourealizeit,you’rebackatyourdesk,preparingforanothereight-hourworkday.Inotherwords,thetimebetweenworkandbedisshortandisoftenfullofresponsibilitiesandto-dosthataren’tveryexciting.____16____Readthefollowingandfindouthow.First,changeoutofyourworkclothes.Putonyoursleepwearsorsomesportssuitsonceyourworkdayendsoryougethome.Thissignalstoyourbodythatyou’redonewithwork.____17____Createanafter-workroutine(常规).Itgivesyousomethingtolookforwardtoafteraworkdayandhelpsyoujustwinddown,soyourbodyandyourmindcanrest.____18____Butwhateveritislike,itshouldreflectwhatyouneedattheendofaworkday.____19____Putyourcellphoneinadifferentroom,closethelaptop,andhidetheremotecontroloftheTV.Thiswillallowyoutobemorepresentwithyourself,yourpartnerandyourfamily.Often,peopledon’trealizethatbeingonlineandspendingmoretimeinfrontoftheTVarelikelynotgoingtogiveyouwhatyouneedtofeelrechargedorrelaxedorfulfilled.Dosomethingdifferent.____20____Tochangethis,youshouldaddsomenewnesstoyourweeknights.Butitdoesn’thavetobesomethingbig.Thisaddssomeexcitementtoyourweekandwillhelpyoufeelmorerewardedoncethenextworkdaycomes.A.Stayawayfromallscreens.B.Removeyourworkoutoftheway.C.Itwilldifferfrompersontoperson.D.Anditcanrelaxyouforthewholeevening.E.Usually,yougethomeandyou’reinthesameroutine.F.Thatiswhyit’simportanttomakethemostofthisshorttime.G.Eitherway,itcanhelpyoufeelrelaxedandreadyforyourafter-workroutine.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mytaskwastotakedetailedcasehistoryofpatientsinahospital.Oneday,I____21____metasmallpatientsufferingfromaseriousdisease.Withaheavyheart,I____22____hispasthistory:7yearsago,whentheboywas4months,hewasdiagnosed(诊断)withthedeadlydisease.Iverywellknewwhatit____23____.Myattentionwasfocusedonthethinlittleboy.Hewas____24____alovelysmile,somethingthatrepeatedly____25____myconscience(良知)—heshouldnotbedying.To____26____myownpain,Itoldmyselfthatperhapshewasn’tawareofhis____27____.Stillinastateof____28____,Iaskedhimsomemorerelatedquestionsina____29____voice.Theboytickled(称呼)me“DoctorUncle”,andhesaid,“Iseeyouare____30____.Don’tfeelsorryforme;IknowIhaveabigdiseaseandsoonI’dbeastarinthesky.”Hearingwhathesaid,Iwantedtoscream:dyingisno____31____.Thepainisalmostunbearable.Tryinghardtokeeptearsinmyeyes,Iaskedifhehadadreambefore____32____astar.Hethoughtforasecondandanswered:anicecream.I____33____tothestoreimmediatelyandboughttwo.____34____,hewasabletohaveatreatofhislifetime.Aftereatingthem,hetoldme,“DoctorUncle,youaremyGenie(神)!”IdidnotknowifIhaddoneanythingunusualtobe____35____aGenie,butIknewonething:ifthatishowIcouldbeone,IwantedtobeaGenieformore.21.A.accidentally B.clearly C.secretly D.formally22.A.shared B.remembered C.compared D.learned23.A.required B.meant C.defeated D.escaped24.A.admiring B.missing C.expecting D.wearing25.A.knocked B.removed C.protected D.balanced26.A.goover B.lookinto C.dealwith D.accountfor27.A.achievement B.condition C.advantage D.influence28.A.annoyance B.familiarity C.doubt D.peace29.A.grateful B.painful C.nervous D.confident30.A.tired B.lonely C.angry D.sad31.A.excuse B.test C.end D.fun32.A.reaching B.choosing C.becoming D.exploring33.A.raced B.complained C.returned D.signalled34.A.Similarly B.Finally C.Equally D.Originally35.A.offered B.presented C.considered D.permitted第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OldTownofLijiangtookshapeinthelateSongDynastyandearlyYuanDynasty.IntheearlyMingDynasty,itdeveloped____36____averybigtown.OldTownofLijiangis2,416metersabovesealevel,coversatotalareaof3.8squarekilometers,andhasapopulationofmorethan25,000residents.____37____(surround)bymountainsallaround,itisneithercoldinwinternorhotinsummer.Thetownisalsofamousforitswatersystem.YuquanWater,____38____(run)fromthenorthwestofOldTownthroughthewholetowninthreebranches,meetswithmanysmallwaterwaysalongtheway.Thetownisbuiltwiththemethodofnaturalbuilding.Insidethetown____39____(be)manyspringholes.Thestreetsare____40____(proper)planned.Themainstreetsareclosetotheriver,andthesmallroadsareclosetosmallwaterways.Clearspringwatergoesacrossthestreetsandpassesbyhouses.Thereare365stoneorwoodenbridgesindifferentshapesintheoldtown,____41____makesthecityaplacewiththehighestdensity(密度)ofbridgesinChina.Allthestreetsarecoveredwithstones.As____42____result,thereisneithermudinrainyseasonsnordustindrywinter.Thestreets____43____(line)withteahouses,artgalleries,andcraftstoreswithmanybeautifulexhibits.Countless____44____(tourist)fromhomeandabroadwanderintheOldTowntogetrelaxed.Recently,theOldTownofLijianghasbecomeaninternationaltourist____45____(attract)withthreeWorldHeritagesites.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是班长李华，来自美国的交换生Mike即将到你所在的班级进行为期一年的学习。请你准备一篇发言稿，内容包括：1.表示欢迎；2.介绍班级情况。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMike,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。DavidSouza,asnowmobilerinColorado’sVailPassRecreationArea,wasluckytobealiveafterbeingburied(掩埋)inasnowslideforoveranhour.ThankstotherapidresponseoftheSummitCountyRescueGroup(SCRG)andtheirskilledsearchdogs,themanwasfoundawareandbreathing—anamazingsurvivalstory.At12:11pmonFebruary17,twomenweresnowmobilingintheShrineBowlareawhentheyaccidentallycausedasnowslide.Davidwascompletelyburied,andhisfriendcalled911atonceandbegansearchingforhim.Thesnowslide,thoughtat150meterswideand100meterslong,occurredduringa“high”snowslideriskday(rated4outof5)bytheColoradoAvalancheInformationCenterfollowingheavystorms.SCRG