湖南省名校联考2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省名校联考2025-2026学年高一下学期期中英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。1.WhatwasJamiedoingwhenthepowercuthappenedlastnight?A.Havingasleep. B.Readingabook. C.Watchingashow.【答案】B【原文】M:Didyouexperiencethepowerfailureinourneighborhoodlastnight?W:Yes,itwasannoying.Iwasinthemiddleofwatchingashow.Whataboutyou,Jamie?M:IwasreadingTheGreatGatsby,thenIhadtogotosleepsincetherewasnothingelsetodo.2.Howdidtheboygettoschooltoday?A.Bycar. B.Bybike. C.Bybus.【答案】C【原文】W:Whydidn’tyourfathergiveyoualifttoschool?M:Ourcarisatthegarage.IwantedtousemybikebutIhadalotofthingstocarry,sothebuswasmychoice.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inaclassroom. B.Inahospital. C.Intheman’shouse.【答案】B【原文】M:Thankyou,Kathy.It’ssoniceofyoutobringyourEnglishnotes,andthecakesareverydelicious.W:I’mgladyoulikethem.Doyoufeelbetternow?M:Yes.AndthedoctorsaysthatIcangohomeinthreedays.4.Howmuchmoneydoesthemangivethewoman?A.50dollars. B.15dollars. C.10dollars.【答案】C【原文】M:Maggie,canyoubuymeahamsandwichwhenyouareatthegrocerystore?Here'sa10DollarBill.W:Okay,butIhave50dollarswithme.That'senough.M:Justincase.W:Allright.5.WhatwastheweatherlikeonJack’sholiday?A.Cold. B.Sunny. C.Rainy.【答案】A【原文】W:Howwasyourholiday,Jack?M:Wehadagoodtimebuttheweatherwasterrible.Wedidn’thaveonesunnyday.W:Ohdear.Aweekintherain?Pooryou!M:Well,that’sthefunnything.Itneveractuallyrained.Itwasjustfreezing.Wethoughtitmightevensnow.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatisprobablyLeo?A.Anofficeworker. B.Astudent. C.Ateacher.7.Whydoesthewomanhesitateaboutgivingatieasagift?A.Shedoubtsifitisuseful.B.Shethinksitistooexpensive.C.ShebelievesLeohasmanyties.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】M:AreyougoingtoLeo’sgraduationparty,too?W:Yes,andIthinkweneedtobringagift.M:Oh,that’sright.ForLeo,hmm,howaboutanecktie?W:Idon’tknow.Iwonderifatieisreallyuseful.M:You’reright.Iknowapen.W:Perfect.Let’sgethimapen.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhowillbabysitforMrSmith?A.MrsBrown. B.Mary. C.John.9.WhattimeshouldMrSmithandhiswifereturnhomethisSaturday?A.Beforedinner. B.Afterdinner. C.Bymidnight.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Workmates. C.Familymembers.【答案】8.C9.C10.A【原文】M:Goodevening,MrsBrown.IsMaryhome?W:Oh,hello,MrSmith.She’snotinatthemoment.CanIhelpwithanything?M:IwashopingtoaskifshecouldbabysitforusthisSaturdayevening.W:I’mafraidshealreadyhasplans,butmysonJohnmightbefree.Wouldyoulikemetoaskhim?M:Yes,please.Thebabyreallylikeshimtoo.W:Whattimewereyouthinking?M:Well,we’regoingouttodinnerandthentoashow.I’dappreciateitifhecamearoundsevenpm.Weshouldbebackbymidnight.W:Sure,I’lllethimknow.M:Thankyousomuch,MrsBrown.We’reluckytolivenexttoyou.Goodnight.W:Goodnight.Haveaniceevening.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatistheman’smainjobresponsibility?A.Helpingprotectwildlife.B.Doingexperimentsinalab.C.CleaninguptheMississippiRiver.12.Whoaretheman’sprogramsdesignedfor?A.Researchers. B.Biologists. C.Students.13.Whatistheman’spurposeofwritingthebook?A.Toinspirepeopletoprotectwildlife.B.Tosharehisexperienceswithwildanimals.C.Toarousechildren’sinterestinwildliferesearch.【答案】11.A12.C13.A【原文】W:MrStrickland,canyoutellmewhereyouwork?M:IworkattheUpperMississippiRiverNationalWildlifeandFishRefuge.W:Soundsinteresting.Whatdoesyourworkmainlydealwith?M:Myworkfocusesonwildlifeconservationprograms.Werescuedturtlesandhelpedthemreturntotheirnaturalhome.W:Whatdoyouconsiderimportantwhenitcomestowildlifeprotection?M:Ithinkeducatingtheyoungontheimportanceofthatisveryimportant.Ilikedevelopingprogramsforschools.Iwanttohelpchildrenandteenagersappreciatetheworkofwildlifebiologistsandbecomeinvolvedinresearchandwildlifeconservation.W:I'msureyou'vehadmanyinterestingexperiencesinyourwork.M:Yes,Ilikewritinginmyfreetime.NowI’mworkingonabookaboutmyexperienceswithwildanimals.W:I’msureyourstorieswillencouragemorepeopletoprotectwildlife.M:That’swhyIbegantoworkonthebook.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Havingadebatecompetition.B.Hostingaradioprogram.C.Conductingasurvey.15.Whosupportsthesaleofbottledwaterinshops?A.Rebecca. B.George. C.Allen.16.WhydoesJasperthinkshopsshouldstopsellingbottledwater?A.Single-useplasticbottlesarebadfortheenvironment.B.Bottledwaterislesscost-effectivethanboiledtapwater.C.Harmfulchemicalsinplasticbottlesmaydamagepeople’shealth.【答案】14.B15.C16.B【原文】M:Welcometothebigdebate,everyone.I’mEric.W:Welcome,I’mSally.We’rethrilledtohaveyoutunein.M:Lastweek,weposedaquestiontoourlisteners:Shouldshopsstopsellingbottledwater?We’vereceivedafloodofresponsesfromourlisteners,andwe'reexcitedtosharesomeoftheirviewstoday.W:First,it’sRebeccafromManchester,shewrote.It’sshockingthatonlyaround61%ofplasticbottlesarerecycledintheUK.Therestarethrownaway.Ittakesabout450yearsforaplasticbottletobreakdownintheearth.Singleuseplasticbottlesarebadfortheenvironment,thereforeshopsshouldstopsellingbottledwater.M:Jane,fromLondon,heldtheoppositeview.Shementionedsheenjoyedtheconvenienceofbottledwater.W:Allen,fromLeeds,agreedwithJane.Healsosaidwithouttheconvenienceofplasticbottles,peoplewoulddrinklesswaterandturntounhealthydrinksinstead.M:True.Butanotherlistener,Jasper,notedthatwehavetopqualitytapwaterintheUK.Boiledtapwaterismorecosteffectivethanbottledwater.W:AndGeorge,fromSheffield,warnedthatsomeplasticbottlesmaycontainharmfulchemicalsthatmightharmpeople'shealth.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhatisthereportfromtheWorldWildlifeFundbasedon?A.Thetotalnumberofanimalsontheplanet.B.Theinformationon5,495speciesofanimalsworldwide.C.Theeffortsmadebydifferentcountriestoprotectanimals.18.WhydosomescientistsdislikethewaytheLPIworks?A.Itonlyfocusesonbirdsandfish.B.Itistoodifficultforpeopletounderstand.C.Itoverstatesthedecreaseinanimalpopulations.19.Whatwastheaveragedropinthenumberofanimalsintheoceans?A.56%. B.69%. C.85%.20.Whichcontinentexperiencedanaveragedropof76%inanimalpopulations?A.Asia. B.Africa. C.NorthAmerica.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.B【原文】W:AnewWorldWildlifeFundreportsaysanimalpopulationsworldwidehavedroppedbyanaverageof73%since1970.Thereportisbasedontheinformationabout5,495differentspeciesofanimalsaroundtheworld.ThedatawascollectedbytheZoologicalSocietyofLondon,ZSL,tocreatethelivingplanetindexLPI.Ittracksscientists’efforttocountwildlife,anditonlyfocusesonanimalswithbackbones,suchasbirdsandfish.TheLPIshowsaveragechangesinpopulationsizes,nottotalanimalnumbers,tohelpscientistsunderstandglobalwildlifetrends.ButnotallscientistslikethewaytheLPIworks.Somesaythenumbersmakethesituationseemworsethanitreallyis.Thereportshowsthatpopulationshavedroppedinallkindsofhabitats.Freshwaterhabitatssawthebiggestdropat85%,followedbyland69%andoceans56%.Moreover,thereportshowsthatanimalsaredisappearinginmanypartsoftheworld.LatinAmericaandtheCaribbeansawthelargestdeclineat95%.Africa’sanimalpopulationsfellbyanaverageof76%.TheWorldWildlifeFundsaysstrongactionisneeded.Humansmustchangehowtheyeat,farmandproduceenergy.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABluewhalesarearguablythelargestanimalsevertohavelivedonearth.Herearesomeamazingfactsandfiguresabouttheseamazingcreatures.·WeightandBodySizeBluewhalescangrowtoover30meterslongandweighmorethan130,000kilos—that’slongerthanthreebusesandheavierthanthreetrucks.Prettymucheverythingaboutthebluewhaleismassive.Itstongueweighsasmuchasanelephantanditsheartisthesizeofacar.·RangeBluewhalescanbefoundinallofourplanet’soceans,excepttheArcticOcean,usuallyswimmingaloneoringroupsoftwotofour.Butinareaswherethere’slotsoffoodavailable,asmanyas60whalesmaycometogether.·FoodDespitetheirhugesize,bluewhaleseattinyshrimp—likecreaturescalledkrill(磷虾).Duringcertaintimesoftheyear,asingleadultbluewhaleeatsabout4tonsofkrilladay.·TypeTherearetwotypesofwhales:toothedwhalesandbaleenwhales(须鲸).Toothedwhales,asthenamesuggests,haveteeth,whichareusedtohuntandeatsquid(鱿鱼),fish,andseals.Bluewhalesarebaleenwhales.Insteadofteeth,theyusebaleen.Wheneating,bluewhalesletahugevolumeofwaterandkrillintotheirmouths.Theythenpushthewaterthroughtheirbaleenplates,whichtrapthetastyfoodtobeswallowed.·CallsTocommunicatewitheachother,bluewhalesmakeaseriesofsuper-loudvocalsounds.Theircallsaretheloudestofanycreatureontheplanet,infact,andcanbeheardunderwaterforhundredsofkilometers.·Migration(迁徙)Theseawesomeseaanimalsfollowaseasonalmigrationpattern.Duringthefeedingseason,theyfilluponkrillincoldpolarwaters.Theythentraveltowarmer,tropicalwaterstomateandgivebirth.21.Howmuchcananadultbluewhaleweigh?A.Over30tons. B.Over130,000kilos.C.Asmuchasacar. D.Asmuchasababyelephant.22.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutbluewhales’calls?A.Theyareusedtohuntfoodindeepcoldwaters.B.Theyaretheloudestofallanimalsontheearth.C.Theyhelpcommunicatewithotherseacreatures.D.Theyarelowsoundsandhardtohearfromadistance.23.Whatdoweknowaboutbluewhalesfromthepassage?A.Theyjustusebodylanguagetocommunicate.B.Theycatchsmallkrillforfoodwiththeirteeth.C.Theygatherinbiggroupswhenfoodisenough.D.TheymainlymaketheirhomeintheArcticOcean.【答案】21.B22.B23.C【语篇解读】文章介绍了蓝鲸作为地球上最大动物的惊人特征，包括其体型与重量、分布、食物、类型、叫声和迁徙。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据WeightandBodySize部分的“Bluewhalescangrowtoover30meterslongandweighmorethan130,000kilos(蓝鲸的体长可达30米以上，体重超过13万公斤)”可知，一头成年蓝鲸的体重可以超过13万公斤。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据Calls部分的“Theircallsaretheloudestofanycreatureontheplanet,infact,andcanbeheardunderwaterforhundredsofkilometers.(事实上，它们的叫声是地球上所有生物中最响亮的，在水下数百公里外都能听到。)”可知，蓝鲸的叫声是地球上所有动物中声音最响亮的。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据Range部分的“Butinareaswherethere’slotsoffoodavailable,asmanyas60whalesmaycometogether.(但在那些食物资源丰富的地区，可能会有多达60头鲸鱼聚集在一起。)”可知，当食物充足时，蓝鲸会聚集成大群。BForoversixyears,refugeeshavebeenplantingtreesattheNakivalerefugeesettlement(难民营).TheideacamefromBurundianrefugeeEnochTwagirayesu,whofledconflictin2003andsettledinNakivale.Theareausedtobecoveredintrees,butnowtheyarenowheretoseeduetotheneedforfuel,constructionmaterialsandfarming.ThismotivatedTwagirayesuandhisfellowrefugeestoact.“Whenwecamehere,Nakivalewasaforest.Aftersevenyears,theforestdisappeared.Thetreesweusedforcookingranout,andwomenhadtodiguptreerootsforcooking,”Twagirayesusaid.Today,over180,000refugeesliveinthesettlement,withnewarrivalsfromneighboringcountriesaddingpressuretothealreadyworn-outenvironment.Environmentaldisasters,likedroughts,haveworsenedthecrisis—adropinthewaterlevelsofLakeNakivale,themainwatersourceforthesettlement.EffortsbythosesuchasTwagirayesuhavepusheddevelopmentagenciestoact.Aplantnurserywasestablished,whererefugeesaretrainedtogrowseedsfromthenurserybedtotheirindividualbed,andfinallytothemaingardens.“Thenurseryisacenterforenvironmentalknowledgetransfer,”saidNorbertTumushabe,anenvironmentalofficer.Theireffortsarepayingoff.Manyonce-bareareasarenowfilledwithtrees,andrainshaveincreasedinthepastfewyears.“We’veplantedover350hectaresofwoodlotsaroundwetlandsandLakeNakivale,”saidalocal.Todate,over460,000treeshavebeenplanted.However,challengesremain.“Infiveyears,weaimtoreachthehalfwaymarkofourprogram—coveringtheentireNationalEnvironmentManagementAuthority(NEMA)beltinNakivale,butwecan’taffordwatertanksforthedryseason.Weneedhelpfromwell-wisherslikeNsamiziwhocanofferuswatertrucks,”Twagirayesusaid.24.WhatcausedtheforestinNakivaletodisappear?A.Illegalactivities. B.Naturaldisasters.C.Humansurvivalneeds. D.Industrialdevelopment.25.WhatmadeLakeNakivale’swaterlevelsdrop?A.Deforestationanddroughts. B.Overuseby180,000refugees.C.Constructionofthesettlement. D.Lackoftreeplantingaroundit.26.Howdiddevelopmentagenciesrespondtotherefugees’efforts?A.Byrelocatingthesettlement. B.Byofferingtechnicalhelp.C.Byprovidingmoretreecuttings. D.Bycreatingjobopportunities.27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Well-wishersarehardtofind. B.Moresupportisneeded.C.Watersupplyisnolongeraproblem. D.Theprojectishalfwaytoitsgoal.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.B【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了在乌干达纳基瓦莱难民营，由难民发起并持续多年的植树造林努力。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theareausedtobecoveredintrees,butnowtheyarenowheretoseeduetotheneedforfuel,constructionmaterialsandfarming.(这个地区曾经树木覆盖，但现在由于（人们）对燃料、建筑材料和耕地的需求，树木已无处可见。)”可知，人类的生存需求导致了森林的消失。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whenwecamehere,Nakivalewasaforest.Aftersevenyears,theforestdisappeared.(当我们来到这里时，纳基瓦莱还是一片森林。七年之后，这片森林消失了。)”和第三段中“Environmentaldisasters,likedroughts,haveworsenedthecrisis—adropinthewaterlevelsofLakeNakivale(干旱等环境灾难加剧了危机——纳基瓦莱湖水位下降)”可知，森林砍伐和干旱导致了湖泊水位下降。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“EffortsbythosesuchasTwagirayesuhavepusheddevelopmentagenciestoact.Aplantnurserywasestablished,whererefugeesaretrainedtogrowseedsfromthenurserybedtotheirindividualbed,andfinallytothemaingardens.(像Twagirayesu等人的努力推动了发展机构采取行动。建立了一个育苗场，难民们在那里接受培训，学习如何将种子从苗圃培育到各自的苗床，最后移植到主花园。)”可知，发展机构通过提供技术帮助来回应难民们的努力。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Infiveyears,weaimtoreachthehalfwaymarkofourprogram—coveringtheentireNationalEnvironmentManagementAuthority(NEMA)beltinNakivale,butwecan’taffordwatertanksforthedryseason.Weneedhelpfromwell-wisherslikeNsamiziwhocanofferuswatertrucks(我们的目标是在五年内完成项目的一半——覆盖纳基瓦莱的整个国家环境管理局(NEMA)地带，但我们买不起旱季用的水箱。我们需要像Nsamizi这样的热心人士的帮助，他们可以为我们提供水车。)”可知，这里指出项目面临缺水挑战，自身无法解决，因此呼吁外部帮助。由此可推断，项目仍需更多支持。CWhiletraditionaltypesofbooks,suchasnon-fiction,arebecominglesspopular,fantasystoriesarecatchingon,asshownbytheInternationalBookMarkets2025report.Butwhatmakesfantasysohardtoresist?Fantasyistruetothehumanmind,especiallytoitswildsidethatweallfeelbutcannoteasilyexpressindailylife.CanadianphilosopherCharlesTaylornotedthateveryoneliveswithinlimitsthatbothcontrolandcomfortusin“thebuffered(缓冲的)self”,whichmakesusseetheworldaslackingmagicandmystery.Therefore,wedon’tbelieveinghostsoranysupernaturalforces.Thisideaprotectsusfromconfusionandfear,yetitalsoholdsbackthewildestpartsofourimagination,makingushopethatmagicandwondercouldsomedayreturntoourlives.Besides,UKauthorAdamRobertspointedoutthatfantasyservesasacontrolledandsafereturntotheideaswehaveignored.Itallowsustoexperienceagentle,limitedversionofthelegendarypast.Withitskingsandadventures,fantasybringsbackwhatwemissinourmodernandorderlyworldofworkandroutine,butonlyinacontrolledway.Weenjoyimaginingourselvesasstrongheroesorspecial“chosenones”whenreallifemakesusfeelsmall.Butwedonotwanttoliveinaworldruledbypowerfulkingsandviolentwarriors.Moreover,fantasyissomethingnotjustwantedbutneeded,asitencouragesourimagination,notedTheGuardian.Apurelyscientificworldfeelscoldandempty,unabletofeedourspirits.AsPhilipPullmanwritesinTheRoseField,Lyraconsidersthathumanbeingsneedcertainthingswecannotprove,yetwewouldstruggletolivewithoutthem,especiallyourimagination.Asshesays,“Maybetheimaginationisasortofwindthatblowsthroughalltheworlds...Itshowsustruethings.”Inaworldwherelogicandroutinetakeover,fantasyisareminderofahiddenlongingforwonder.28.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bylistingdifferenttypesofbooks. B.Bydescribingasharedhumanneed.C.Byquotingawell-knownphilosopher. D.Byhighlightingarecentmarkettrend.29.AccordingtoCharlesTaylor,whatisthefunctionof“thebufferedself”?A.Itinspiresustoseekmagicinourdailylives. B.Itprotectsusbutlimitsourimagination.C.Itcreatesaworldfullofmysteryandwonder. D.Ithelpsusexpressourwildsidemorefreely.30.AccordingtoAdamRoberts,whatdoesfantasyhelpusdo?A.Letusreturntoforgottenideassafely. B.Teachustoignoreallourstrangeideas.C.Ruletheworldwithkingsandwarriors. D.Becomegreatheroesinourrealdailylife.31.WhydoestheauthormentionLyra’swordsinTheRoseField?A.Topresentthelimitsofscience. B.Tostresstheimportanceofimagination.C.Tosuggestthatimaginationcanbeproven. D.Toshowimaginationislessimportantthanscience.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.B【语篇解读】主要说明了随着纪实类书籍遇冷，奇幻文学日渐流行。文章从人性心理、情感寄托和精神需求角度，分析奇幻作品满足人们想象、慰藉心灵、弥补现实缺憾的深层原因。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whiletraditionaltypesofbooks,suchasnon-fiction,arebecominglesspopular,fantasystoriesarecatchingon,asshownbytheInternationalBookMarkets2025report.Butwhatmakesfantasysohardtoresist?(虽然传统的书籍类型（如非虚构类书籍）的受欢迎程度正在下降，但奇幻故事却越来越受到人们的喜爱，这一点从《2025年国际图书市场报告》中便可见一斑。那么，是什么让奇幻故事如此难以抗拒呢？)”可知，作者过强调一个近期的市场趋势引入这篇文章的主题。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thisideaprotectsusfromconfusionandfear,yetitalsoholdsbackthewildestpartsofourimagination,makingushopethatmagicandwondercouldsomedayreturntoourlives.(这个想法能帮助我们避免陷入困惑和恐惧之中，但它也抑制了我们想象力中最疯狂的部分，让我们满怀希望，期待着魔法和奇迹有一天能重新回到我们的生活中)”可知，根据查尔斯·泰勒的观点，“缓冲自我”的作用是保护我们，但又限制了我们的想象力。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Besides,UKauthorAdamRobertspointedoutthatfantasyservesasacontrolledandsafereturntotheideaswehaveignored.(此外，英国作家亚当·罗伯茨指出，奇幻文学起到了一种控制和保护的作用，它让我们得以回归那些我们曾忽视的观念)”可知，据亚当·罗伯茨所说，幻想让我们安全地重温那些被遗忘的想法。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Moreover,fantasyissomethingnotjustwantedbutneeded,asitencouragesourimagination,notedTheGuardian.Apurelyscientificworldfeelscoldandempty,unabletofeedourspirits.AsPhilipPullmanwritesinTheRoseField,Lyraconsidersthathumanbeingsneedcertainthingswecannotprove,yetwewouldstruggletolivewithoutthem,especiallyourimagination.Asshesays,“Maybetheimaginationisasortofwindthatblowsthroughalltheworlds...Itshowsustruethings.”(此外，《卫报》指出，幻想并非只是人们想要的东西，而是人们所必需的，因为它能激发我们的想象力。一个纯粹的科学世界会让人感到冰冷和空虚，无法滋养我们的精神世界。正如菲利普·普尔曼在《玫瑰园》中所写，莱拉认为人类需要一些我们无法证明却又不可或缺的东西，而这些东西尤其包括我们的想象力。正如她所说：“也许想象力是一种贯穿所有世界的风……它向我们展示了真实的事物。”)”可知，作者在《玫瑰园》中提及莱拉的话语，其目的是强调想象力的重要性。DSleepingfivemoreminutes,exercising1.9moreminutes,andeatinghealthiereachdaycouldaddayeartoyourlife.Thisisn’tjustwishfulthinking—it’stheconclusionofanewstudyledbyresearchersfromAustraliaandtheUK.NicholasKoemel,wholedthestudy,toldthemagazineScientificAmerican,“Wealwaysthinkthatweneedtomakeoverhauls,butourstudyshowsthat’snotoftenthecase.”Overeightyears,theteamstudied59,078Britishpeople.Theyprovidedlifestyleandhealthdetails,andsomeworedevicestotracksleepandactivitylevels.Dietwasscored0-100across10categories,withhigherscoresmeaninghealthiereating.Basedonthesedata,researchersestimatedpossiblechangestoparticipants’lifespansusingscientificmodeling.Theresultsshowedthatpeoplewhosleep5.5hourspernight,exercise7.3minutesperdayandhaveadietqualityscoreof36.9couldtheoreticallyliveayearlongerwithjustfiveadditionalminutesofsleep,1.9minutesofvigorous(剧烈的)ormoderateexerciseandhalfanextraservingofvegetableseachday.Ifimprovingallthreeareasistoodifficult,either25extraminutesofsleeppernightoranadditional2.3minutesofexerciseperdaycanalsohelp.Accordingtothestudy,patternsofsleep,physicalactivityandnutritionarewell-knowncontributorstoearlydeathandnon-communicable(非传染性的)diseases.Previously,they’vebeenstudiedseparately,withoutconsideringhowtheyinfluenceeachotherorworktogethertoaffecthealth.However,“thesefindingshighlighttheimportanceofconsideringlifestylebehaviorsasapackageratherthaninisolation,”KoemeltoldCNN.Healsostressedthatthemessagehereshouldnotnecessarilybethatmakingthesesmalladjustmentsisasilverbullet(灵丹妙药).Instead,it’sabouttakingthefirststeptowardscreatingsustainableandachievableopportunitiesformorepeople.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overhauls”mostprobablymean?A.Smallimprovements. B.Completechanges.C.Dailyhabits. D.Difficultchallenges.33.Howdidresearchersconductthestudy?A.Bytestingparticipants’physicalhealthinperson.B.Byprovidingdietandexerciseplanstoparticipants.C.Bycomparingthelifestylesofdifferentagegroups.D.Bytrackingparticipants’habitsandhealthovertheyears.34.WhatdidKoemelsuggestpeopledoabouttheirlifestylehabits?A.Treatthemasawhole. B.Ignoretheirconnections.C.Changethemonebyone. D.Improvetheminashorttime.35.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Exerciseandsleepdetermineoverallhealth.B.Improvinghealthdoesnotrequiregreatefforts.C.Smalllifestylechangesmayhelplivelonger.D.Abalanceddietisnecessaryforhealthbenefits.【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】一项澳英联合研究表明，每天小幅增加睡眠、运动并改善饮食，就可能延长寿命。研究强调应综合看待生活方式，从小改变起步而非追求彻底大变。【32题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Sleepingfivemoreminutes,exercising1.9moreminutes,andeatinghealthiereachdaycouldaddayeartoyourlife.(每天多睡五分钟、多运动1.9分钟以及吃得更健康，都能让你的寿命延长一年)”以及后文“butourstudyshowsthat’snotoftenthecase(但我们的研究表明，情况往往并非如此)”可知，小变化可以延长寿命，说明人们总以为要彻底大改变，其实不用。故划线词意思是“彻底改变”。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Overeightyears,theteamstudied59,078Britishpeople.Theyprovidedlifestyleandhealthdetails,andsomeworedevicestotracksleepandactivitylevels.(在八年的时间里，该团队对59078名英国人进行了研究。这些人提供了自己的生活方式和健康状况的相关信息，其中一些人还佩戴了设备来监测睡眠和活动水平)”可知，研究人员通过多年来对参与者的生活习惯和健康状况的跟踪来完成这项研究。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“However,“thesefindingshighlighttheimportanceofconsideringlifestylebehaviorsasapackageratherthaninisolation,”KoemeltoldCNN.(然而，科梅尔告诉美国有线电视新闻网：“这些发现表明，我们应当将生活方式行为视为一个整体来考虑，而不能孤立地看待它们。”)”可知，科梅尔建议人们全面地对待生活习惯。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Overeightyears,theteamstudied59,078Britishpeople.Theyprovidedlifestyleandhealthdetails,andsomeworedevicestotracksleepandactivitylevels.Dietwasscored0-100across10categories,withhigherscoresmeaninghealthiereating.Basedonthesedata,researchersestimatedpossiblechangestoparticipants’lifespansusingscientificmodeling.(在八年的时间里，该团队对59078名英国人进行了研究。他们提供了生活方式和健康方面的详细信息，并且有些人还佩戴了设备来监测睡眠和活动水平。饮食在10个类别中被评分0到100分，分数越高意味着饮食越健康。基于这些数据，研究人员利用科学模型估算了参与者寿命可能的变化)”结合文章说明了一项澳英联合研究表明，每天小幅增加睡眠、运动并改善饮食，就可能延长寿命。研究强调应综合看待生活方式，从小改变起步而非追求彻底大变。可知，这篇文章的主要观点是一些小小的生活方式改变或许有助于延长寿命。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asglobaltemperaturescontinuetoriseatanalarmingpace,scientistsaresoundingthealarm.Evena2℃—3℃increaseinglobalaveragetemperaturecouldputroughly20%—30%oflandspeciesatriskofextinction.Whentalkingaboutsolutionstoclimatechange,peopleoftenfocusontreesandforests.____36____Seagrassisamarineplantthatformsunderwatermeadows(草甸)inshallowcoastalwaters.Thesemeadowsgiveprotectiontoseaanimals,suchasfish,turtlesandcrabs.____37____Ithelpsstopcoastaldamageandlessensthepowerofbigwavesinstorms.Butbeyondtheseecologicalbenefits,seagrassmeadowsarenowrecognizedasoneofnature’smostefficientcarbonsinks.____38____Ituseschlorophyll,agreenmaterialinplants,totakeinsunlight,whichhelpsitbreakdownwaterandturncarbondioxideintousefulmaterialsforgrowth.Whatmakesseagrassspecial,however,isitsabilitytostorecarboninsandandmudontheseabed.Whenseagrassdies,itsleavesandrootsfalltotheoceanfloor.Thethickplantsslowdownwaterflow,lettingcarbon-richwastesettleandbecomeburied.Withlittleoxygenontheseabed,thingsbreakdownveryslowly.____39____Sometimesitcanbecenturies.Whileforestsarewidelyknownforcarbonstorage,theyarealsoeasilydamaged.Forestfires,forexample,canrapidlyreleasepreviouslystoredcarbonbackintotheatmosphere.____40____Theyalsoexistinstableunderwaterenvironments.Althoughtheycoverjust0.2%oftheoceanfloor,theyareresponsibleforcapturinganestimated48to112milliontonsofcarbonannually.A.Theyareperfecthabitatsforseaanimals.B.Seagrassholdsthebottomoftheseawithitsroots.C.Ontheotherhand,seagrassmeadowshardlycatchfire.D.Unfortunately,seagrassecosystemsareonthedecrease.E.Justlikelandplants,seagrasscarriesoutphotosynthesis(光合作用).F.Butthereisanotherlittle-knownimportanthelper:seagrass.G.That’swhythecarbonremainstrappedthereforalongtime.【答案】36.F37.B38.E39.G40.C【语篇解读】文章主要说明了全球升温危及物种生存，人们常依靠森林应对气候问题。其实海草也是高效固碳帮手，既能护岸庇佑海洋生物，还可长期封存碳，且比森林更稳定安全。【36题详析】根据上文“Asglobaltemperaturescontinuetoriseatanalarmingpace,scientistsaresoundingthealarm.Evena2℃—3℃increaseinglobalaveragetemperaturecouldputroughly20%—30%oflandspeciesatriskofextinction.Whentalkingaboutsolutionstoclimatechange,peopleoftenfocusontreesandforests.(随着全球气温以惊人的速度持续上升，科学家们已经发出警告。即便全球平均气温仅升高2℃至3℃，也会使大约20%至30%的陆地物种面临灭绝的危险。在谈论应对气候变化的解决方案时，人们往往会把重点放在树木和森林上)”可知，前文提到人们应对气候变化常想到树木森林，后文开始介绍海草，F选项（但还有另一个鲜为人知的重要帮手：海草）转折引出本文说明对象，衔接自然。【37题详析】根据后文“Ithelpsstopcoastaldamageandlessensthepowerofbigwavesinstorms.(它有助于防止海岸遭受破坏，并能减弱风暴中巨浪的威力)”可知，