湖南省长沙市某中学2025-2026学年高三3月英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省长沙市某中学2025-2026学年高三3月英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inataxi.B.Inapolicestation.C.Attherailwaystation.2.Howmuchcanthespeakerssaveinalliftheybookthegrouppackage?A.$20.B.$40.C.$60.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theweather.B.Atripguide.C.Somenotebooks.4.WhatwillLunadointhenextsixmonths?A.Runabigcompany.B.Collecthandmadematerials.C.Studyjewelrymaking.5.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutthisSunday?A.Excited.B.Anxious.C.Disappointed.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whymaythemanfailtojointhepaintingclubthisweek?A.Hewillattendanartclassatthestudio.B.Hehastohelpwithacommunityevent.C.Heneedstopreparefortheweekendexhibition.7.Whenwasthevolunteeractivitysupposedtobeheld?A.OnTuesdays.B.OnWednesdays.C.OnThursdays.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.Whywasthereatrafficjam?A.Acarbrokedownonthemainroad.B.Atruckaccidenthappenedontheroad.C.Thescienceandtechnologyparkwasunderconstruction.9.Whatproblemdoestheshortestalternativeroutehave?A.Itistoofartoreach.B.Itisblockedbyabrokentruck.C.Itisclosedtotrafficforashorttime.10.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Strangers.C.Salespersonandcustomer.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhereistheFitnessStudiolocated?A.Neartheschool.B.ClosetotheSchoolGym.C.Closetothesubwaystation.12.WhatisakeyadvantageoftheFitnessStudioforBob?A.Itstaysopenlater.B.Ithaspersonaltraining.C.Ithashisfavoriteequipment.13.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?A.ShewillgiveupherbasketballtrainingattheSchoolGym.B.ShemayaskBobformoredetailsabouttheFitnessStudio.C.ShethinkstheSchoolGymisnotworthitsmembershipfee.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatruledoesMs.Greenconsistentlyemphasizeforthelibrary?A.Maintainingsilence.B.Sortingbooksdaily.C.Usingthebookreturnstation.15.Whatisprobablythewomanspeaker’sviewonthestudents?A.Theydidn’tobeythelibraryrules.B.Theycouldn’tfindthecallnumbers.C.Theydidn’tknowwheretoputthereferencebooks.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Collectthereferencebooks.B.Talktothenoisystudents.C.Sortthereferencebooks.17.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthespeakers?A.TheyoftenhelpMs.Greensortbooks.B.Theyarefamiliarwiththelibraryfacilities.C.Theyhavearguedwiththenoisystudentsbefore.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoisprobablythespeaker?A.Astudentvolunteer.B.Aparentofastudent.C.Aschoolstaffmember.19.Whatareparticipantsadvisedtodobeforethesportsmeet?A.Wearnewsportsshoesandsportswear.B.Collectnumbercards30minutesahead.C.CheckthescheduleviatheschoolWeChataccount.20.WhatisTRUEaboutthisyear’sschoolsportsmeet?A.Itwilllastforfourdays.B.Itwillbecanceledduetobadweather.C.Itmayhavemoreparticipationthanbefore.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A2026CampRegistrationisOpen!PickeringCollegehasalonghistoryofprovidingexceptionalexperientialeducationtoitsstudentsandweareproudtoextendtheseenrichingopportunitiestoyourchildthroughourHilltopSummerDiscoveryPrograms.Heldatbothourmaincampusandouroutdooreducationcampus,Blue&SilverFarm,oursummerprogramsaredesignedtoinspireandengagecampersinadynamicandengagingenvironment.Oursummercampofferings,availabletochildrenenteringKindergartenthroughGrade10,combinenature-basedactivities,sports,games,arts,STEMchallenges,andleadershipdevelopment,creatinganexcellentexperiencethatpromotesgrowth,creativity,andconnection.Welookforwardtoanunforgettablesummerofexplorationanddiscovery!Formoreinformationonoursummerdaycampprograms,readthroughourflip-bookbelow.Ifyou’dliketocontactus,emailsummercamps@pickeringcollege.on.ca.ARELUNCHANDSNACKSPROVIDED?Adelicioushotlunchisprovidedeachday.Pleasesendanutritiousnut-freesnackforboththemid-morningandmid-afternoonbreaks.Amenuwillbeprovidedfortheweek.Ourkitchenisabletoaccommodateallergies(过敏)withadvancednoticegiven.Ifthereissomethingonthemenuthatyourchildwillnoteat,itisalwaysagoodideatosendacoupleofextrasnacks.WHENDOESREGISTRATIONOPEN?RegistrationforallsummerprogramsopensMarch2,2026.Detailsandregistrationcanbefoundonoursummercampspage.WHATISOURREFUND(退款)POLICY?Oncepaymentinreceived,yourspotisreservedthereforelimitingspacetoothercampers.Wedonotissuerefundsforsessions.PickeringCollegereservestherighttocancelanycampsduetoalownumberofcampers.Inthiscase,afullrefundwillbeprovided.Refundswillnotbeprovidedforunfavorableweatherorfordaysofcampnotattended.1.Whatbestdescribesthesummerprograms?A.Theyprovidestrictathletictraining. B.Theyprovideacademictutoringsessions.C.Theyprovideapureentertainmentexperience. D.Theyprovideanoveralldevelopmentexperience.2.Underwhichconditioncancampersgetalltheirmoneyback?A.Whencampersmisssomedaysofthecamp.B.Whenthecamphastostopbecauseofbadweather.C.Whencampersdecidetowithdrawbeforethecampstarts.D.Whenthecampiscalledoffduetoasmallnumberofcampers.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aschool’sofficialwebsite. B.Alocalnewspaper’snewssection.C.AstudenthandbookofPickeringCollege. D.Anacademicjournalonexperientialeducation.【答案】1.D2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了PickeringCollege举办的HilltopSummerDiscoveryPrograms夏令营活动，包括活动内容、报名时间、退款政策以及联系方式等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Oursummercampofferings,availabletochildrenenteringKindergartenthroughGrade10,combinenature-basedactivities,sports,games,arts,STEMchallenges,andleadershipdevelopment,creatinganexcellentexperiencethatpromotesgrowth,creativity,andconnection.(我们的夏令营面向幼儿园至十年级的儿童，将基于自然的活动、体育运动、游戏、艺术、STEM挑战和领导力发展相结合，创造了一种促进成长、创造力和联结的卓越体验)”可知，夏令营基于自然的活动、体育运动、游戏、艺术、STEM挑战和领导力发展相结合，创造了一种促进成长、创造力和联结的卓越体验，即提供了促进全面发展的体验。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“WHATISOURREFUND(退款)POLICY?”部分中“PickeringCollegereservestherighttocancelanycampsduetoalownumberofcampers.Inthiscase,afullrefundwillbeprovided.(PickeringCollege保留因营员人数不足而取消任何夏令营的权利。在这种情况下，将提供全额退款)”可知，当夏令营因营员人数不足被取消时，营员可以获得全额退款。故选D项。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，文章详细介绍了PickeringCollege举办的夏令营活动的信息，包括活动内容、报名开放时间、午餐和零食提供情况、退款政策以及联系方式。文中第三段提供了学校邮箱summercamps@pickeringcollege.on.ca.，并在“WHENDOESREGISTRATIONOPEN?”部分中提到“Detailsandregistrationcanbefoundonoursummercampspage.(详细信息和报名可在我们的夏令营页面上找到)”，这表明本文最有可能摘自学校的官方网站。故选A项。BWhenIarrivedinChinatoteachlaw,Ididn’texpecttobringhomewithsomuchtea.NordidIanticipatewhattheteawouldcometomean.SomeofthemostmemorablemomentsofmytimeinChinahappenedwithateacupinhand.InChengdu,twostudentshadwontheprizeIdonatedtoapublic-interestcharityauction(拍卖):adaytripwithmeanywhereinChinathatwecouldreachandreturnfromin24hours.TheychoseChengduforthepandasandthespice,butbeforelunchwesatforteainDaciTemple.Thestudentsmadeitcarefully,performingeachstepfrommemory.WhenIaskedwhytheywashedthecupsandthrewawaythefirstbatch,theyhesitated.It’swhattheirparentsandgrandparentsdo,theysaid.Andtheylearneditfromtheirparents,andsoon.Theritualwasn’taboutcleanlinessorflavor.Itwasaboutcontinuity—performingagestureascountlesshandshaddonebefore.Itwasaquietceremonyofconnection.InQuanzhou,Iwasexploringthehistoricaldistrictwithateachingassistant,whenwewanderedintoatinystudio.Inside,acouplemadeporcelainteapotsandcupssofinetheywerenearlysee-through.Theyinvitedustositfortea,andwetalkedformorethananhour—notaboutthewaresorprices,butaboutlife,family,travel,anddreams.Itwasareminderthattea,inChina,isasmuchalanguageoffriendshipasitisadrink.Inallthesemoments,Isawsomething—adrinkthatcommandsrespectnotjustbecauseofitsflavor,butbecauseofitsmeaning.IntheWest,weoftentreatteaasfunctional:somethingtoenergizeorcalm.InChina,teaisrelational.Itisoffamily.Itisformal.Evenwhensharedcasuallybetweenfriends,itcarriesanunspokenrespect.4.Whatdoestheword“ritual”inparagraph2probablyreferto?A.Asetofactionsperformedregularly. B.Amethodofmakingteatastebetter.C.Aruleaboutcleanlinessduringmeals. D.Ahabitofsavingtimeindailylife.5.Whatcanweinferaboutteafromtheauthor’sexperienceinQuanzhou?A.Itisoftenusedasatopicforbusinesstalks. B.Itencouragespeopletofocusonteaquality.C.Ithelpsstartconversationsonpersonaltopics. D.Itismainlyenjoyedforitsdelicateappearance.6.Accordingtotheauthor,whichstatementcorrectlydescribesWesternteaculture?A.Itemphasizesfamilybonds. B.Itprioritizeshistoricaltraditions.C.Itservesasalanguageoffriendship. D.Itfocusesonphysicalhealthbenefits.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheArtofMakingChineseTea B.TeaasaCulturalBridgeinChinaC.DrinkingTea:AWesternPerspective D.TeaandHealth:StoriesfromChina【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在中国期间通过品茶经历，感受到中国茶文化中蕴含的传承、友谊与尊重，并将其与西方茶文化进行了对比。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Thestudentsmadeitcarefully,performingeachstepfrommemory.WhenIaskedwhytheywashedthecupsandthrewawaythefirstbatch,theyhesitated.It’swhattheirparentsandgrandparentsdo,theysaid.Andtheylearneditfromtheirparents,andsoon.Theritualwasn’taboutcleanlinessorflavor.Itwasaboutcontinuity—performingagestureascountlesshandshaddonebefore.(学生们小心翼翼地泡茶，每一步都凭记忆完成。当我问他们为什么要洗杯子并把第一泡倒掉时，他们犹豫了。他们说，他们的父母和祖父母都是这样做的。而他们的父母又是从上一辈学来的，代代相传。这种ritual与清洁或口味无关。它关乎的是传承——完成一个无数前人曾做过的动作)”可知，这种泡茶前的洗杯倒茶步骤是代代相传的固定动作。故ritual意为“一系列定期进行的动作”，与A项“Asetofactionsperformedregularly”同义。故选A项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“InQuanzhou,Iwasexploringthehistoricaldistrictwithateachingassistant,whenwewanderedintoatinystudio.Inside,acouplemadeporcelainteapotsandcupssofinetheywerenearlysee-through.

Theyinvitedustositfortea,andwetalkedformorethananhour—notaboutthewaresorprices,butaboutlife,family,travel,anddreams.(在泉州，我和一位助教一起探索历史街区时，偶然走进了一家小工作室。里面有一对夫妇在制作瓷茶壶和茶杯，瓷器精致得近乎透明。他们邀请我们坐下喝茶，我们聊了一个多小时——聊的不是商品或价格，而是生活、家庭、旅行和梦想)”可推知，在泉州的经历表明茶有助于开启关于个人话题的对话。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“IntheWest,weoftentreatteaasfunctional:somethingtoenergizeorcalm.(在西方，我们常常把茶看作功能性的：一种提神或使人平静的东西)”可知，西方茶文化关注的是茶对身体健康的功效。故选D项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“WhenIarrivedinChinatoteachlaw,Ididn’texpecttobringhomewithsomuchtea.NordidIanticipatewhattheteawouldcometomean.(当我来到中国教授法律时，我没想到会带回这么多茶。我也没想到茶会意味着什么)”和最后一段中“InChina,teaisrelational.Itisoffamily.Itisformal.Evenwhensharedcasuallybetweenfriends,itcarriesanunspokenrespect.(在中国，茶是一种关系。它与家庭息息相关。它是正式的。即使是在朋友之间随意分享，它也带有一种不言而喻的尊重)”可知，文章通过讲述作者在成都和泉州两次品茶经历，感悟到茶在中国文化中承载的传承、友谊与尊重的意义，讲述了茶在中国作为一种文化桥梁的角色。故B项“TeaasaCulturalBridgeinChina(茶在中国作为文化桥梁)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选B项。CAspeoplestartnewfitnessroutinesinthenewyear,newresearchsuggeststhatevenashortburstofintenseexercisecouldplayaroleinprotectingagainstcancer.Scientistsreportthataslittleas10minutesofintensephysicalactivitymayhelpslowcancergrowth.ResearchersatNewcastleUniversitydiscoveredthatexerciseraisesthelevelsofseveralsmallmolecules(分子)intheblood.Whenscientistsexposedbowelcancercellsinthelabtobloodcontainingtheseexercise-drivenmolecules,theyobservedwidespreadgeneticchanges.Morethan1,300genesshiftedtheiractivity,includinggenesinvolvedinDNArepair,energyproduction,andcancercellgrowth.Thefindingshelpclarifyhowphysicalactivitymaylowerbowelcancerrisk.Theresearchshowsthatexercisesendsmolecularsignalsthroughthebloodstreamthatinfluencegenescontrollingtumor(肿瘤)growthandgeneticstability.Theresearchteamfurtherfoundthatexerciseincreasedtheactivityofgenesthatsupportcellenergyproduction.Thishelpscellsuseoxygenmoreefficiently.Atthesametime,geneslinkedtorapidcelldivisionweredown-regulated,whichmaymakecancercellslessharmful.BloodcollectedafterexercisealsoboostedDNArepair,turningonakeyrepairgene.Totestthesemolecularprocesses,thestudyincluded30volunteers,bothmenandwomenbetweentheagesof50and78.Allparticipantswereoverweightbutotherwisehealthy.Eachvolunteercompletedashortbutintensecyclingtestthatlastedabout10minutes.Researchersthencollectedbloodsamplesandexamined249proteins.Thirteenofthoseproteinsincreasedafterexercise.Dr.Sam,leadauthorofthestudy,said:“What’sremarkableisthatexercisedoesn’tjustbenefithealthytissues;italsosendspowerfulsignalsthroughthebloodstreamthatcandirectlyinfluencethousandsofgenesincancercells.It’sanexcitinginsightbecauseitopensthedoortofindingwaysthatcopyoraugmentthebiologicaleffectsofexercise,potentiallyimprovingcancertreatmentand,crucially,patientoutcomes.Inthefuture,theseinsightscouldleadtonewtreatmentsthatcopythebeneficialeffectsofexerciseonhowcellsrepairdamagedDNAandusefuelforenergy.”8.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph1?A.Toleadinatopic. B.Toexplaindata.C.Tohighlightoneexample. D.Tointroducethebackground.9.Howmayintenseexercisehelpslowcancergrowth?A.Bydirectlykillingcancercells. B.Bychanginggeneactivityincells.C.Byincreasingoxygenlevelsinblood. D.Byreducingoverweightpeople’scancerrisks.10.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whycancercellsbecomelessharmful. B.Howexerciseimprovescellenergyuse.C.Theroleofproteinsincancerprevention. D.Exercise’seffectsongenesandDNArepair.11.WhatisDr.Sam’sattitudetowardstheresearch?A.Slightlydoubtful. B.Objectivelyneutral. C.Highlyenthusiastic. D.Cautiouslyoptimistic.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了剧烈运动可能有助于预防和减缓癌症生长的研究发现。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Aspeoplestartnewfitnessroutinesinthenewyear,newresearchsuggeststhatevenashortburstofintenseexercisecouldplayaroleinprotectingagainstcancer.(随着人们在新的一年里开始新的健身计划，新的研究表明，即使是短时间的剧烈运动也可能有助于预防癌症。)”可知，作者写第一段的目的是为了引出文章要讨论的话题，即剧烈运动对预防癌症的作用。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whenscientistsexposedbowelcancercellsinthelabtobloodcontainingtheseexercise-drivenmolecules,theyobservedwidespreadgeneticchanges.Morethan1,300genesshiftedtheiractivity,includinggenesinvolvedinDNArepair,energyproduction,andcancercellgrowth.(当科学家在实验室中将肠癌细胞暴露于含有这些运动驱动分子的血液中时，他们观察到广泛的基因变化。超过1300个基因改变了它们的活性，包括参与DNA修复、能量产生和癌细胞生长的基因。)”可知，剧烈运动可以通过改变细胞中的基因活性来帮助减缓癌症的生长。故选B。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Theresearchteamfurtherfoundthatexerciseincreasedtheactivityofgenesthatsupportcellenergyproduction.Thishelpscellsuseoxygenmoreefficiently.Atthesametime,geneslinkedtorapidcelldivisionweredown-regulated,whichmaymakecancercellslessharmful.BloodcollectedafterexercisealsoboostedDNArepair,turningonakeyrepairgene.(研究小组进一步发现，运动增加了支持细胞能量产生的基因的活性。这有助于细胞更有效地利用氧气。与此同时，与快速细胞分裂相关的基因被下调，这可能使癌细胞危害更小。运动后收集的血液也促进了DNA修复，激活了一个关键的修复基因。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了运动对基因和DNA修复的影响。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Dr.Sam,leadauthorofthestudy,said:“What’sremarkableisthatexercisedoesn’tjustbenefithealthytissues;italsosendspowerfulsignalsthroughthebloodstreamthatcandirectlyinfluencethousandsofgenesincancercells.It’sanexcitinginsightbecauseitopensthedoortofindingwaysthatcopyoraugmentthebiologicaleffectsofexercise,potentiallyimprovingcancertreatmentand,crucially,patientoutcomes.(该研究的主要作者Sam博士说：“值得注意的是，运动不仅有益于健康组织；它还通过血液发送强大的信号，可以直接影响癌细胞中的数千个基因。这是一个令人兴奋的见解，因为它为寻找复制或增强运动生物效应的方法打开了大门，有可能改善癌症治疗，最重要的是改善患者的预后。)”可知，Sam博士对这项研究持高度热情的态度。故选C。DResearchershavebuiltthesmallestfullyprogrammableautonomousrobotsevercreated.Thesemachinescanswimthroughliquid,sensetheirsurroundings,respondontheirown,andoperateformonthsatatime.Poweredentirelybylight,therobotscontainminicomputersthatallowthemtofollowprogrammedpaths,detectlocaltemperaturechanges,andadjusttheirmovementinresponse.Asisknown,fishandotherlargeswimmersmovebypushingwaterbackward,generatingforwardmotion.Thetinyrobotstakeaverydifferentapproach.Theserobotsgenerateanelectricalfieldthatgentlypusheschargedbitsinthesurroundingliquid.Asthosechargedbitsmove,theydragnearbytinywatermoleculeswiththem,effectivelycreatingmotionintheliquidaroundtherobot.Trueautonomyrequiresmorethanmovement.Arobotmustalsobeabletosenseitsenvironment,makedecisions,andpoweritself.Allofthosepartsmustfitontoachipthatisonlyasmallpartofamillimeteracross.Oneofthebiggestproblemswaspower.“Thekeychallengefortheelectronics,”Blaauw,aresearcher,says,“isthatthesolarboardsaretinyandproduceonly75nanowatts(纳瓦)ofpower.”Tomakethesystemwork,theteamdesignedspecializedcircuitsthatoperateatextremelylowvoltages(电压),cuttingpowerconsumptionbymorethan1,000times.Spacewasanothermajorlimitation.Thesolarboardstakeupmostoftherobot’ssurface,leavingverylittleroomforcomputinghardware.Tosolvethis,theresearchersredesignedhowtherobot’ssoftwareworks.“Wesqueezedwhatwouldusuallyrequiremanyinstructionsformovementcontrolintoasingle,specialinstructiontoreducetheprogram’slengthtofitintherobot’stinymemoryspace,”Blaauwexplains.Together,theseadvancesproducedwhattheresearchersbelieveisthefirstsub-millimeterrobotcapableofrealdecision-making.“Thisisreallyjustthefirstchapter,”saysBlaauw.“We’veshownthatyoucanputabrain,asensorandamotorintosomethingalmosttoosmalltosee,andhaveitsurviveandworkformonths.Onceyouhavethatfoundation,youcanlayeronallkindsofintelligenceandfunctionality.Itopensthedoortoawholenewfutureformini-robots.”12.Whatmainlypowersthetinyrobots?A.Batteries. B.Waterflow. C.Solarboards. D.Electricfields.13.Whatguaranteestherobot’strueautonomy?A.Bigmemoryspace. B.Integratedkeyparts. C.Longprogramlength. D.Singlemovementstep.14.Whatwasthekeychallengefortherobots’electronics?A.Limitedmemoryspace. B.Highvoltagerequirements.C.Extremelylowpowersupply. D.Unstabletemperaturecontrol.15.WhatisthemainsignificanceoftheresearchaccordingtoBlaauw?A.Creatinglong-lastingmicro-batteries. B.Developingnewsolarpowersystems.C.Achievingfullautomationinlargerobots. D.Enablingintelligenceinnearlyinvisiblerobots.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员制造出的世界上最小的可编程自主微型机器人，阐述了其动力来源、自主性实现方式以及在能源和空间方面面临的挑战和解决方案。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Oneofthebiggestproblemswaspower.

“Thekeychallengefortheelectronics,”Blaauw,aresearcher,says,“isthatthesolarboardsaretinyandproduceonly75nanowatts(纳瓦)ofpower.”(最大的问题之一是电力。研究人员Blaauw说：“电子设备的关键挑战在于太阳能电池板非常微小，仅能产生75纳瓦的功率。”)”可知，微型机器人的主要动力来自功率很小的太阳能电池板。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Trueautonomyrequiresmorethanmovement.Arobotmustalsobeabletosenseitsenvironment,makedecisions,andpoweritself.Allofthosepartsmustfitontoachipthatisonlyasmallpartofamillimeteracross.(真正的自主性需要的不仅仅是移动。机器人还必须能够感知环境、做出决策并为自身提供动力。所有这些部件都必须安装在一个直径仅为一毫米几分之一的芯片上)”可知，集成关键部件保证了机器人的真正自主性。故选B项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中““Thekeychallengefortheelectronics,”Blaauw,aresearcher,says,“isthatthesolarboardsaretinyandproduceonly75nanowatts(纳瓦)ofpower.”(研究人员Blaauw说：“电子设备的关键挑战在于太阳能电池板非常微小，仅能产生75纳瓦的功率。”)”可知，机器人电子设备的关键挑战是极低的电力供应。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Blaauw的话“We’veshownthatyoucanputabrain,asensorandamotorintosomethingalmosttoosmalltosee,andhaveitsurviveandworkformonths.Onceyouhavethatfoundation,youcanlayeronallkindsofintelligenceandfunctionality.Itopensthedoortoawholenewfutureformini-robots.(我们已经证明，你可以将大脑、传感器和电机放入几乎小到看不见的物体中，并让它存活和工作数月。一旦有了这个基础，你就可以在此基础上叠加各种智能和功能。这为微型机器人的全新未来打开了大门)”可知，Blaauw认为这项研究的主要意义在于使几乎不可见的微型机器人具备了智能的基础。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearediscussingsomethingcalled“cognitiveoverload”.Basically,itiswhathappenswhenyou’refloodedwithmoreinformationthanyourbraincanprocess.____16____.Asitturnsout,text-basedinformationisthemaincauseofcognitiveoverload.Emails,texts,calendaralerts—thenever-endingstreamofthesebadboysisamajorcontributortotheoverallfeelingofbeingunabletoprocessordoanything.____17____,itprobablyincludedplentyofthose.Audio-visualsignalsarelessweakening,accordingtoonestudy,soaphonecalloramanagerstoppingbyyourdeskmaynottripyouupasbadly.Beyondfeelinglikeyoucan’teventhinkstraightorlikeyou’retoooverwhelmedtotakeactiononanyonetask,youmaybeabletorecognizecognitiveoverloadfromothersigns.Ifincomingmessagesmakeyoufeelfrustratedoruninterested,forinstance,nomatterwhattheysay,thiscouldbehappeningtoyou.____18____.WhenI’moverwhelmedbytoomuchinformation,Ifindmyselfthinking,“Whatdoyouwant?!”everytimemyphonelightsup,beforeIevencheckwhoisreachingout.____19____,IrealizedI’vealreadybeenusingafewtricksthatmayhavebeenhelpingmeavoidit.Forexample,Ibannedmyleast-usedappsfromsendingmealertsafewmonthsago.Afewothertried-and-trueproductivityapproachescametomindformeonceIgotagoodgraspofwhatcognitiveoverloadactuallyis.____20____,especiallywhenyoufindthatmessagesgetyouworkedup.Withthat,youopeneachmessageasyougetitandmakeaninstantdecisionaboutwhattodowiththecontents.Itmightseemstrangetofaceeachincomingmessagehead-onifyou’retryingtoavoidfeelingburnedoutbythepurevolumeofthem,butI’vefoundthatwhenIseeamessagepreviewatthetopofmyscreenanddonothingaboutit,itbothersmeallday.Addressingitinstantlyhelpsmeclearmymindandkeepworking.A.That’sactuallythesymptomIexperiencemostoftenB.IhavealreadyhadalotofinformationtoconstantlyseeC.Theone-touchruleofinboxmanagementcouldbeusefulforyouD.Ifyouthinkaboutanaveragedaywhenyou’vefelttootiredtoworkE.Soyourbrainjustgivesupaltogether,hardtofocusonanythingatallF.AsIwasgoingthroughthestudyandthinkingovercognitiveoverloadG.Otherwise,thewayyougoaboutbattlingthisisgoingtobeprettysubjective【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.F20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了认知超载的现象、原因、症状及应对方法，帮助读者理解和应对信息过载问题。【16题详析】由上文“Basically,itiswhathappenswhenyou’refloodedwithmoreinformationthanyourbraincanprocess.(基本上，当你的大脑被比你所能处理的更多的信息淹没时，就会发生这种情况。)”可知，上文解释了认知超载是什么，本空应说明认知超载的后果，E选项“Soyourbrainjustgivesupaltogether,hardtofocusonanythingatall.(所以你的大脑就完全放弃了，很难集中注意力在任何事情上。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选E。【17题详析】由上文“Emails,texts,calendaralerts—thenever-endingstreamofthesebadboysisamajorcontributortotheoverallfeelingofbeingunabletoprocessordoanything.(电子邮件、短信、日历提醒——这些没完没了的信息是导致你无法处理或做任何事情的主要原因。)”及下文“Audio-visualsignalsarelessweakening,accordingtoonestudy,soaphonecalloramanagerstoppingbyyourdeskmaynottripyouupasbadly.(根据一项研究，视听信号的削弱作用较小，所以一个电话或经理停在你的办公桌前可能不会让你那么困扰。)”可知，上文列举了文本信息导致认知超载的例子，下文说明视听信号的影响较小，本空应提出一个与文本信息导致认知超载相关的场景，D选项“Ifyouthinkaboutanaveragedaywhenyou’vefelttootiredtowork.(如果你想想一个你觉得太累而无法工作的平常日子。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。【18题详析】由上文“Ifincomingmessagesmakeyoufeelfrustratedoruninterested,forinstance,nomatterwhattheysay,thiscouldbehappeningtoyou.(例如，如果传入的消息让你感到沮丧或不感兴趣，不管它们说什么，这都可能发生在你身上。)”及下文“WhenI’moverwhelmedbytoomuchinformation,Ifindmyselfthinking,“Whatdoyouwant?!”everytimemyphonelightsup,beforeIevencheckwhoisreachingout.(当我被太多的信息淹没时，我发现每次我的手机亮起来，在我甚至没有检查是谁在联系我之前，我就会想，“你想要什么？！”)”可知，上文说明了一种认知超载的表现，下文给出了作者自己的例子，本空应进一步说明作者的情况，A选项“That’sactuallythesymptomIexperiencemostoften.(这实际上是我最常经历的症状。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】由上文提到的认知超载的种种表现，下文“IrealizedI’vealreadybeenusingafewtricks(我意识到我一直在用一些方法)”可知，本空说明思考、研究之后产生感悟。F选项“AsIwasgoingthroughthestudyandthinkingovercognitiveoverload(当我研读这项研究、思考认知过载时)”引出自己的感悟，符合语境。故选F。【20题详析】由上文“Afewothertried-and-trueproductivityapproachescametomindformeonceIgotagoodgraspofwhatcognitiveoverloadactuallyis.(一旦我很好地理解了什么是认知超载，我就想到了其他一些行之有效的提高效率的方法。)”及下文“especiallywhenyoufindthatmessagesgetyouworkedup.(尤其是当你发现信息让你烦躁的时候。)”可知，上文说明作者想到了提高效率的方法，下文指出这些方法在特定情况下的作用，本空应提出一个具体的方法，C选项“Theone-touchruleofinboxmanagementcouldbeusefulforyou.(收件箱管理的一触即发规则可能对你有用。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OneSeptemberday,Cooktookher2-year-olddaughtertothepark.Likemostkids,thegirllovedslidesandswings.However,theseoutings____21____Cookout—herdaughterwasbornprematurelyandreliedonawalkertogetaround.“Ineverknowhowotherkidswill____22____toherwalker,”Cooksaid.“Somemaytakeitawayorjuststareather.”Onthisouting,thingsstarted____23____.Thegirlmovedbetweentheplayequipment,havingfun.Minuteslater,aboy____24____andasked,“What’swrongwithher?”“I____25____.”Cookrecalled.“Icouldn’tevenexplainher____26____toanadult,letaloneachild.”Cooktoldhimherdaughterhadbeenbornsmallerthanotherbabiesandneededmoretimeto____27____herpartners.____28____withtheanswer,theboyranofftoplaywithhisfriends.Buthesooncamebackandstartedplayingwiththegirl.Hepushedherontheswingand____29____pickedupthesignlanguageCookwasusingtoaskherifshewantedtokeepswingingorstop.Soon,theboy____30____hisfriendstocomeoverandjoininthefun.B