湖北省恩施州2024-2025学年高一下学期期末质量监测英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省恩施州2024-2025学年高一下学期期末质量监测英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIntoday’sdigitalage,artificialintelligenceisreshapingourworld.Let’sexplorefoureye-catchingAIs,eachstandingoutinuniquefieldsandbringingconveniencetooursociety.ChatGPT:TheLanguageProdigyDevelopedbyOpenAI,ChatGPThastransformedthelandscapeoflanguage-basedinteractions.Throughagreatdealoftrainingonavastcollectionoftexts,itcanmakehighlyrelatedresponsesatusers’request.Whetherforacademicwriting,businessplanning,orcasualconversations,itsfluencyinlanguagemakesitaflexibletool,bridgingcommunicationgapsinvarioussocialandprofessionalsettings.Doubao:YourAll-roundAssistantPoweredbyByteDance,DoubaostandsoutasacapableAIcompanion.Coveringdiverseareaslikescience,history,andculture,itanswerscomplexquestions,offersdetailedexplanations,andprovidespracticalsuggestions.Byengagingusersininsightfuldialogues,Doubaoenrichestheirknowledge,playingakeyroleindailylearningandsocialexchanges.DeepSeek:Data-drivenInsightsDeepSeekspecializesindata-intensive(数据密集型的)tasks.Withitspowertosearchforandobtaininformation,itefficientlyprocessesmassesofdatatodeliverreliableresults.Beyondbasicsearch,itanalyzestrendsandpatterns,enablinguserstomakeinformeddecisionsinresearch,business,andsocialaffairs,thusmakingprogressindifferentaspectsofsociety.Midjourney:VisualizationCatalystMidjourney,anAI-enabled.image-generationplatform,turnstextualdescriptionintovisualmasterpieces.Itenablesartists,designers,andenthusiaststomaterializetheircreativeconcepts.Inthesocialandculturalfield,itpromotesexpression,enhancingcommunicationinadvertising,art,andmedia,andopeningnewpathsforvisualstorytelling.1.WhatdoChatGPTandDoubaohaveincommon?A.Theyarebothdevelopedbythesamecompany.B.Theybothspecializeindata-intensivetasks.C.Theyarebothusedforimagecreation.D.Theybothcommunicatewithusersandofferassistance.2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethefunctionofDeepSeek?A.Itexpertsincasualchattingandwritingassistance.B.Itfocusesonprocessingdataandanalyzingtrend.C.ItcreatesvisualartworksbasedontextdescriptionsD.Itanswerschallengingquestionsaboutscienceandhistory.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Asciencetextbook. B.Aresearchpaper. C.Apopularmagazine. D.Anewsreport.BAtjust18yearsold,KhalifaAminufromKano,Nigeria,hasprovedhimselfasanamazinginventor,withhissensoryglassesdesignedtohelpthevisuallyimpaired(视障人士).Theglassesareequippedwithinfraredsensors(红外线传感器)thatcan“see”obstaclesintheuser’spath,warningthemaboutpossibledangerswithouttheneedfortraditionalwalkingsticksorguidedogs.Intheircurrentform,theglassesletoutabeepingsoundwhenanobjectisnearby,helpingusersmovepastitsafely.Aminuisnowworkingonmakingtheglassesevenmoreeffective,particularlyinlow-lightandnighttimeconditions.Aminu’sjourneyintotheworldofinventionbeganinchildhood.Hestartedsmall,buildingarowboatashisfirstproject,andquicklyrealizedthathiscreationscouldbeusedtosolvereal-worldproblemsinhiscommunity.Thisloveforinventionhasledhimtocreatevariousinnovationssuchasaradiostation,abombdetectorandanautomaticwatersprayerforfarmers.Asfortheinspirationforhislatestcreation,Aminuexplained,“Igrewupinanareawheretherearevisuallyimpairedpeople,andIunderstandwhatthey’regoingthrough.ThisiswhyIbegantheprocessforatechnology-basedsolutionforthem.”Theglasseshavereceivedpositivefeedbackfromtesting.Inarecentexperiment,ablindmanwashighlyimpressedbytheireffectiveness.“Hesuggestedseveralimprovements,likeawirelessswitch,smallerparts,andlensesforbetterusability,”Aminuexplained.“Thesesuggestionswillbecarriedoutinfutureversions,butthechallengeremainsthelackofmaterialsandresourcesforfurtherdevelopment.”Luckily,inJune,Aminu’sinventioncaughttheattentionofNigeria’sNationalCommissionforPersonswithDisabilities,suggestingabrightfutureforhiminfurtherinnovationandmassproduction.“MyultimatedreamistobuildaglobalcompanythatcontinuestodevelopinnovativesolutionsnotonlyforNigeriabutfortheworld,”saidAminu.4.Whatisthefunctionoftheinfraredsensorsinthesensoryglasses?A.Tohelptheusersseetheobstaclesintheusers’pathclearly.B.Towarntheusersofthepossibledangersontheway.C.Toreplacetheguidedogscompletely.D.Toprovidevisualimagesofthesurroundingsfortheuser.5.WhichwordscanbestdescribeAminu?A.Generousanddevoted. B.Considerateandresponsible.C.Creativeandwarm-hearted. D.Talentedandhumorous.6.Whydoestheauthormentiontheblindmaninparagraph5?A.Tointroducearecentexperiment. B.Tocallforfurtherdevelopment.C.Toprovidepracticalsuggestions. D.Toillustratetheeffectiveness.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthistext?A.ToexplaintheworkingprincipleofAminu’ssensoryglasses.B.Tohonoranoutstandingyoungmanandhisinvention.C.Toshareaninspiringstoryofaninventorandhisnewestinvention.D.TorecommendastoryofhowAminuinventedthesensoryglasses.CIn2016,ChinamadeApril24SpaceDaytocelebrateitsspaceachievements.Thecountry’scommercialspacejourneyprogressedquicklyinNovember2024whentheLongMarch12rocketwassuccessfullysentintospacefromtheHainanCommercialSpaceLaunchSiteinWenchang.ThisimportanteventshowedthatChinahadfinishedbuildingitswholecommercialspaceindustrychain,includingmakingsatellites,launchservices,anddataapplications.Commercialspacemeansactivitiesinspacetechnologythataredrivenbythemarket,aimingtomakeprofitsthroughlaunchesandservices.Globally,theU.S.istheleaderinthisfield.In2023,theworld’sspaceeconomymade$400billion,andcommercialsatellitesaccountedfor71%($285billion).PrivatecompanieslikeSpaceXhelpedtheU.S.stayaheadwithcreativemethodsinmakingreusablerocketsandsatelliteinternet(Starlink).TheU.S.alsoleadsinspaceinvestment,securing51%oftheworld’smoneyputintospaceprojects.Chinaenteredcommercialspacelaterbuthasgainedmomentum.SinceannouncingLongMarchrocketsforinternationallaunchesin1985,itsmarketscalehassharplyrisenfrom0.6trillionyuan($82billion)in2018to1.9trillionyuanin2023,growing23%peryear.Governmentsupporthashelpedthisgrowth:commercialspacewascalleda“newgrowthengine”inChina’s2024governmentreport,andHainanprovincehassetupplatformsforrocketrecoverytechnology.TheHainanlaunchsiteisagame-changer.ItsNo.2launchpad(发射台),designedformedium-sizedliquid-fuelrockets,enableshigh-frequency,cost-effectivelauncheswithrapidturnaroundtimes.TheLongMarch12rocket,China’sfirst3.8-meter-diametervehicle,usesadesignthatbreaksitintopartstomakeitbetteratcarryingthingsandcheaper.Akeyinnovation(创新)isitswayofputtingtherockettogetherandmovingitwhileit’slyingdown.Thisgetsridoftheneedfortallbuildingstoassemble(组装)therockets,cutsdownonworkdonehighup,andimprovesefficiency.Lookingahead,Chinaplanstolaunchmanysatellitesinlow-Earthorbitstogivebroadbandinternettothewholeworld.Withcontinuousbreakthroughsinreusablerockettechnologyandsimplerlaunchprocesses,thecountryisontracktobecomeamajorplayeroftheglobalspaceeconomyby2025,findingagoodbalancebetweeninnovationandcommercialpossibility.8.WhatmaycontributetotheU.S.’sleadingplaceinthecommercialspacefield?A.Acompletecommercialspaceindustrychain. B.Highgovernmentfundingforspaceprojects.C.Market-drivenprofitableactivities. D.TheestablishmentofSpaceDay.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gainedmomentum”inparagraph3mean?A.Advancedrapidly B.Spedsuddenly C.Progressedgradually D.Changedcompletely10.WhyistheHainanlaunchsitecalledagame-changer?A.IntendedtolaunchChina’sbiggestrockets. B.Havingcreativeandefficienttechnicaladvantages.C.Abletoconductmanylaunchesquicklyandcostly. D.Usingatraditionalsystemforrocketassembly.11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Chinahasthemostadvancedreusablerockettechnology.B.Chinahaslaunchedmanysatellitesforglobalbroadband.C.ChinaaimstomakebothbreakthroughsandprofitsD.Chinaaimstoleadtheglobaleconomyby2025DIntheeraofglobalizationtoday,differentculturesareinteractingmorethaneverbefore.Whilethishasbroughtaboutmanypositiveexchanges,ithasalsoputsomeuniqueculturesatrisk.Anthropologists-scientistswhostudyhumanrace,andculturalpreservationistsareworkinghardtoprotectculturalpracticesthatareindangerofdisappearing.“Globalizationhasledtomoreuniformculturesinsomeaspects,”saidDr.ElenaRodriguez,aleadinganthropologistattheUniversityofCambridge.“Popularculture,drivenbymediaandtheinternet,oftenovershadowslocalandtraditionalcultures.Weneedtounderstandthepossibleeffectsofthistrendandfindwaystopreservetheculturalheritagethatmakeseachcommunityunique.”Usingavastdatabaseofculturalpracticesfromaroundtheworld,Dr.Rodriguezandherteamstudiedhowculturaltraditionsarepasseddownthroughgenerationsandhowtheyadapttomoderninfluences.Theydiscoveredsomeculturalpracticesaremoreadaptablethanothers.Forexample,traditionalfestivalswithstrongcommunityparticipationtendtosurvivebetter,whilesomeniche(小众的)handicraft-makingskillsareatriskofbeinglostduetoalackofyoungergenerationsinterestedinlearningthem.Anothersignificantfactoraffectingculturaldiversityisurbanization(城市化).Aspeoplemovefromruralareastocities,theyoftenleavebehindsomeoftheirtraditionalwaysoflife.“Inurbanenvironments,thereisatendencytoadoptmoremainstreamculturalstandards,”saidDr.Rodriguez.“Thisdoesn’tmeanruralculturesarenotgood,butratherthatthepullofmodernurbanlivingcanweakentheuniquenessoftraditionalcultures.”So,whatcanbedonetoprotectculturaldiversity?“Educationiskey,”Dr.Rodrigueznoted.“Byteachingyoungergenerationsaboutthevalueoftheirculturalheritageinschools,wecandevelopasenseofprideandresponsibility.Culturalinstitutionscanalsoplayacrucialrole.Museums,forinstance,canshowcasetraditionalartifactsandstories,makingthemaccessibletoawideraudience.”Moreover,governmentsandinternationalorganizationscansupportculturalpreservationprojects.Thiscanincludeprovidingfundingforculturalfestivals,promotinglocallanguages,andprotectinghistoricalsites.Culturaltourismprojectscanbedesignedtointroducepeopletolesser-knownculturaltraditionsallovertheworld.12.Whateffectsdoesglobalizationhaveonculturesnowadays?A.Ithaslittleimpactoncultures. B.Itbringsaboutamixedbag.C.Ithasmorepositiveeffects. D.Itcontributestotraditionalcultures.13.WhatdoesDr.Rodriguez’sstudymainlyfocuson?A.Howculturaltraditionsareinfluencedandchanged.B.Howtraditionalfestivalsarecelebratedandpreserved.C.Howculturaltraditionsarehandeddownandsurvive.D.Howhandicraftmakingskillsaretaughtandlearned.14.Howcanculturalinstitutionsmakeadifferencetotheprotectionofculturaldiversity?A.Theycanprovidefundingforculturalfestivals. B.Theycanteachlocallanguagesinschools.C.Theycandesignculturaltourismprojects. D.Theycanexposetheaudiencetoitemsandstories.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ProtectingCulturalDiversity:aGlobalMissionB.UnderstandingTraditionalCultures:aBasicRequirementC.ObservingtraditionalFestivals:aWideParticipationD.PreservingCulturalDiversity:anOverallUrbanization第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inaworldfilledwithdigitaldistractions(分心；干扰),thesimpleactofreadingabookseemstobefadingintothebackgroundformany.____16____.Infact,readingisatimelessactivitywithanumberofadvantagesthatdirectlyaddressthecognitive(认知的)challengesofourdigitalage.IrememberthefirsttimeIgotcompletelylostinabook.Itwasarainyday,andIhadnothingtodo.Ipickedupanoldnovelfrommybookshelf.____17____.AsIturnedthepages,Iwastransportedtoadifferentworld,filledwithcharactersthatseemedlikeoldfriends.Ifeltliketheoutsideworldstoppedexisting,andallmyattentionwasfocusedonthestoryunfoldinginfrontofme.Thisexperiencemademerealizehowagoodbookcanbeaportal(传送门)tootherworldsandemotions.____18____.Italsohasaprofoundimpactonourunderstandingoftherealworld.Whenwereadbookswrittenbyauthorsfromdifferentcultures,wegetaglimpseintotheirlives,traditions,andwaysofthinking.inanageofinformationechochambers(信息茧房),exposuretodiverseperspectivespreventsusfromthinkingnarrowlyAnotherbenefitofreadingisitsabilitytoimproveourlanguageskills.Whenweread,weencounternewwords,phrases,andsentencestructures,whichgraduallybecomeapart.ofourownvocabulary.____19____Wecanexpressourthoughtsandideasmoreclearlyandcreatively.Inconclusion,readingisaninfluentialactivitythatbringscountlessbenefits.Evenastheworldrushesforward,theactofreadinginvitesustoslowdownandreflect.____20____.Weshouldmakeanefforttoreadbooksregularlyandfullyimmerseourselvesintheirpages,fortheyofferusnotjustescapebuttheabilitytothinkdeeplyanddowellinaworldfullofconstantdistractions.A.This,inturn,improvesourcommunicationskillssignificantly.B.Itwasastoryfilledwithadventureandmystery,andIcouldn’tputitdown.C.Readinganovelenablesusnotonlytoexperiencethelivesofthoseinthepast.D.Thatquiethabitcanbeaninstantlyrewardingescape.E.Readingisnotjustaboutescapingintofictionalworlds,though.F.Yetforthosewhostillread,itoffersanescapefewmodernactivitiescanmatch.G.ItwasasifIwereinteractingwiththemfacetoface第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Whydidshespillthebeans?”Ioftenregretfullyaskedmyself.Thatday,thestrangelooksfromeveryoneleftme____21____,andthethoughtoflosingthefriendshipofmymosttrustedpersonwasunbearable.Fiveyearsago,Sally,thenewgirlinclass,immediately____22____myattention.The____23____inhertemperament(气质)madeherstandout.Shewas____24____friendly,alwaysgreetingotherswithabrightsmile.Whatbeganasasimpleclassmaterelationship____25____adeepfriendshipwithinmonths.LittledidIknowthatthistrustwouldsoonfaceasevere____26____.Oneday,Icouldn’t____27____myemotionsanylongerandsharedmypersonallifewithSally.However,rumors(谣言)aboutmyprivateaffairs____28____aroundtheschoolshortlyafterwards.Itfeltlikeastabintheback.Ibecamethe____29____oflaughter,withclassmates_____30_____asIpassedby.Heartbrokenbutdetermined,Itransferredtoanotherschoolandpurposefully_____31_____Sally’snumerouscalls.Gradually,Imanagedto_____32_____fromthepainandbuildanewlife.Fiveyearslater,mylifehadreturnedtonormal.Then,achance_____33_____withAnnaatthemarketchangedeverything.Anna,aformerclassmate,_____34_____thatitwasMary,awell-knowngossip,whohadspreadmysecrets,notSally.Iwasfilledwithdeepregret.IstronglydesiredtogobackintimeandaskforSally’sforgiveness.Thisexperiencetaughtmeavaluablelesson:trustthoseyoulove,forasingle_____35_____canruinlivesandpreciousrelationships.21.A.delighted B.shocked C.amused D.relaxed22.A.paid B.fixed C.caught D.attached23.A.kindness B.charm C.loneliness D.uniqueness24.A.extremely B.occasionally C.casually D.formally25.A.lookedinto B.brokeinto C.turnedinto D.raninto26.A.change B.opportunity C.improvement D.test27.A.contain B.describe C.bear D.express28.A.faded B.spread C.stopped D.started29.A.cause B.source C.target D.base30.A.whispering B.cheering C.blaming D.shouting31.A.ignored B.answered C.responded D.received32.A.suffer B.recover C.learn D.escape33.A.contact B.conversation C.encounter D.appointment34.A.admitted B.uncovered C.claimed D.pretended35.A.misfortune B.mismatch C.misconduct D.misjudgment第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MuseumsacrossChinahavebeenpostinganimatedvideosonWeibofeaturingsinginganddancingculturalrelicstocelebratetherecentdecisionmadebytheUNESCO____36____(put)theSpringFestivalontheHeritageList.Datingbackcenturies,theSpringFestivalisthemostimportantholidayinChineseculture.Itisanoccasion____37____familiesgathertogethertowelcomeanewyearonthelunarcalendar,asymbolofreunionandrenewal.TraditionssuchashangingspringcoupletsandgivingchildrenredenvelopesrepresenttheChinesepeople’ssimplewishfor____38____betterlife.MakingtheSpringFestivalanintangibleculturalheritageofhumanityisculturally____39____(significance)inmanyways.Itcelebratesthe____40____(diverse)oftraditionalChinesecultureanddeepensunderstandingamongpeopleofdifferentbackgrounds.WithChinesecommunitiesacrosstheworldcelebratingtheSpringFestival,theculturemixofthehostcountry____41____(enrich).Currently,theworldisfacingmanythreatssuchasclimatechangethatcannotbeaddressedbyanysinglecountryalone.China’svisionofbuildingacommunitywitha____42____(snare)futureformankindstressesthenecessityofmutuallybeneficialcooperationtoaddresstheseglobalchallenges.Sofar,some200countriesandregionsacrosstheworld____43____(host)theSpringFestivalactivities.Expertssayitisthewarmthinfamilyreunions,thejoyinthetraditionalpreparationofdumplings,____44____thevibrantenergyoffirecrackersthatinspirepeopletocreate_____45_____(digital)designednewyearcardsandfestivefolkartdisplaysforthecelebration.Inatimefullofbothchallengesandhope,maytheSpringFestivalgiveusstrengthtocometogetherforasharedfutureformankind.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你校英文报“美德”栏目要确定一个主题，外教Jenny提出“Generosity”(慷慨)和“Honesty”(诚实)供大家选择。请给Jenny写一封邮件，内容包括：(1)你得选择；(2)说明理由注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJenny,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onahotsummerafternoon,Iwasburiedinmymathreviewathome,sofocusedthatIalmostforgotthetime.WhenIfinallyglancedatthewallclock,myeyeswidenedinhorror-itwasalready2:40pm,andI’dpromisedtomeetTina,mybestfriend,at3:00pm,atGreenForestCommunity,whi