广东南方科技大学附属中学2026-2027学年上学期高三年级十月质量监测英语试题（含解析）

南科大附中2026年秋季学期高三年级十月质量监测英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场和座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷及草稿纸上无效。3.考试结束后，请将试卷妥善保管，答题卡统一交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATechForwardislookingforlocalresidentstotestitsnewsmarthomeassistant,avoice-controlleddevicedesignedtohelpusersmanagedailytaskssuchassettingreminders,controllinglights,checkingtheweather,andplayingmusic.Thecompanyaimstogatherreal-worldfeedbackbeforetheofficialproductlaunchlaterthisyear.Theselectedresidentswillreceivethedevicefreeofchargeandwillbeabletokeepitafterthetrialends.Theywillalsobepaid$100forcompletingafinalfeedbacksurveythatasksabouttheirexperiencewiththedevice'sfeatures,easeofuse,andanysuggestedimprovements.TechForwardwillprovidesetupsupportandtechnicalassistancethroughoutthetestingperiod,includingaone-on-onevirtualsessiontohelpparticipantsgetstarted.Thecompanywillalsobeavailablebyphoneoremailtoansweranyquestionsduringthetrial.ProgramTimelineMay10ApplicationsdueByMay20Selectedparticipantsnotified;agreementssignedJune1-28DevicetestingperiodJuly18FinalfeedbacksurveydueApplicationRequirementsThisprogramwillselect15full-timeparticipantstousethedeviceintheirhomes.Thecallisopentoresidentslivingwithinthecityarea.Allapplicantsaresupposedtobeatleast18yearsoldandpreviousexperiencewithsmartdevicesisamust.Toapply,applicantsarerequiredtoprovidethefollowinginformation:●Nameandavalidemail.Thisinformationwillonlybeusedforprogram-relatedcommunication.●Abriefdescriptionofyourexperiencewithsmartdevices(maximum100words).Thishelpsusunderstandyourfamiliaritylevel.Pleasesendtheabovematerialstoapply@.Anyapplicationreceivedafterthedeadlinewillnotbeconsidered.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetrial?A.Totestthedevice'sdailyfunctions.B.Tohelpusersmanageeverydaytasks.C.Tocollectuseradvicebeforelaunch.D.Tomakedecisionsonproductlaunch.2.Howlongareparticipantsexpectedtousethedeviceathome?A.18days. B.20days. C.28days. D.46days.3.Whoisthemostsuitablefortheprogram?A.Samantha,alocalcollegegraduatemajoringinIT.B.Christopher,aretiredteacherlivingoutsidethecity.C.Fia,ajuniorhighschoolstudentfondoftechnology.D.Max,apart-timeworkerseldomusingsmartdevices.BThepersonwhosetthecourseofmylifewasaschoolteachernamedMarjorieHurd.WhenIsteppedoffashipinNewYorkHarborin1949,Iwasanine-year-oldwarrefugee,whohadlosthismotherandwascomingtolivewiththefatherhedidnotknow.Mymother,EleniGatzoyiannis,hadbeenimprisonedandshotforsendingmysistersandmetofreedom.IwasthirteenyearsoldwhenIenteredChandlerJuniorHigh.ShortlyafterIarrived,Iwastoldtoselectahobbytopursueduring"clubhours."Theideaofhobbiesandclubsmadenosensetomyimmigrantears,butIdecidedtofollowtheprettiestgirlinmyclass.SheledmeintothepresenceofMissHurd,theschoolnewspaperadviserandEnglishteacher.Atoughwomanwithsalt-and-pepperhairanddeterminedeyes,MissHurdhadnopatiencewithlazybones.Shedrilledusingrammar,assignedstoriesforustoreadanddiscuss,andeventuallytaughtushowtoputoutanewspaper.HerintroductiontotheliterarywealthofGreecegavemeanewperspectiveonmywar-tornhomeland,makingmeproudofmyorigins.HereffortsinspiredmetounderstandthelogicandstructureoftheEnglishlanguage.Owingtoherinspiration,inthetwenty-fiveyearsthatfollowed,Iworkedasaprofessionaljournalist.MissHurdretiredattheageof62.Bythen,shehadtaughtforatotalof41years.Evenafterherretirement,shecontinuallymadeaprojectofunwillingstudentsinwhomshespiedasparkofpotential.Thestudentsweremainlyfromthemosttroubledhomes,yetshealternatelybulliedandcharmedthemwithherownspecialbrandoftoughlove,untilthesparkcaughtfire.MissHurdwastheonewhodirectedmygriefandpainintowriting.ButforMissHurd,Iwouldn'thavebecomeareporter.Shewasthecatalystthatsentmeintojournalismandindirectlycausedallthegoodthingsthatcameafter.4.Whichofthefollowingcausedtheauthortothinkofhishomelanddifferently?A.Followingtheprettiestgirlinhisclass.B.Knowinghismother'smiserabledeath.C.BeingexposedtoGreekliteraryworks.D.SteppingontheAmericansoilforthefirsttime.5.WhichwordsbestdescribeMissHurdasateacher?A.Strictbutinspiring. B.Toughbutindifferent. C.Impatientbutcaring. D.Seriousbutapproachable.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.ThestudentsMissHurdtaughtwereallfinallyfired.B.MissHurd'scontributionwasrecognizedacrossthenation.C.MissHurdemployedauniquewaytohandlethesestudents.D.StudentsfromtroubledhomespreferredMissHurd'steachingstyle.7.WhydoestheauthorcallMissHurda"catalyst"?A.Tostressherroleinstartinghiswritingcareer.B.Tosuggestshechangedhispersonalitycompletely.C.Toindicateshewastheonlypersonwhohelpedhim.D.Toshowshewasaspowerfulasachemicalsubstance.CHumanwell-beingdependsontheabilitytonavigatethesocialworld.Suchsocialskilldependsonreliablefeedback:actsofkindnessmaybemetwithgratitude;onotheroccasions,amisstepbringsaboutafriend'sdisapprovalandrecognitionthatanapologyisneeded.Thesemomentsarecrucialfordeepeningtrustandpersonalgrowth.Sociallifeisrarelyfrictionless,becausepeoplearenotperfectlyintunewithoneanother.Yetitispreciselythroughsuchsocialfrictionthatrelationshipsdeepenandmoralunderstandingdevelops.Sycophancy(谄媚)istheoppositeofthisfriction.ManyusersexperiencethiswhenAIenthusiasticallyagreeswiththeirideasorwriting.Inacademiccontexts,theconsequencemaybeinvestingmoretimeinanaverageidea.ButasAIsystemsareincreasinglyconsultedforguidanceaboutrelationshipsandconflicts,affirmation(肯定)ofthiskindmayshapehowpeopleinterprettheirownactionsandtheirperspectivesofothers,andinturn,howtheyrespondtoconflictandwhethertheytakeresponsibilitywhenthingsgowrong.NowimagineaworldwherepeopleroutinelyconsultasycophanticAIaboutinterpersonalconflictsormoraldilemmas.Theyarerepeatedlyassuredthattheyareright,thatothersarewrong,andthatnoapologyisneeded.Overtime,thispatternedsycophancymayreshapeexpectationsaboutwhatfeedbackshouldfeellike.Individualsmaybegintoanticipatethesameconstantaffirmationfromrealhumanbeings.Thecumulativeeffectisareductionintolerancefortheverysocialfrictionthroughwhichaccountability,perspective-taking,andgrowthoccur.AnAIcompanionthatisalways"onyourside"maykeepusersengagedanddependent.Butitcannotteachthemhowtohandlerealrelationships—howtodisagreerespectfully,repairdamagedtrust,oracceptbeingwrong.AlthoughAIcouldbeimprovedtopromotelong-termpersonaldevelopment,suchgoalsconflictwithsystemsbuilttomaximizeuserengagement.Challengingusersorpresentinguncomfortabletruthsisasurewaytodrivethemaway.Thistensionraisesfundamentalethicalquestions:Shouldweprioritizeimmediateemotionalcomfortorlong-termsocialhealth?Whogetstodecide?Addressingthesechallengeswillrequireinterdisciplinarycollaborationamongcomputerscientists,socialscientists,ethicists,andpolicymakers.8.Whatroledoessocialfrictionplayinrelationshipsaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itgeneratespositivefeedback.B.Itguaranteesharmoniousrelationships.C.Itcausesopendisapprovalorconflicts.D.Itenhancessocialbondsandmoralgrowth.9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaconsequenceofsycophanticAI?A.Misguidedjudgmentaboutone’sactions.B.Reducedtoleranceforinterpersonalfriction.C.Weakenedwillingnesstotakeresponsibility.D.Increasedabilitytoresolvereal-lifeconflicts.10.WhatpreventsAIsystemsfrombeingimprovedtochallengeusers?A.Lackoftechnicalcapacity. B.Conflictswithcommercialinterests.C.Unawarenessofitspotentialharm. D.Absenceofinterdisciplinarycollaboration.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardcurrentAIsystems?A.Strictlyneutral. B.Stronglyopposed. C.Cautiouslyconcerned. D.Mildlysupportive.DPartyingthenightbeforeabigexam.Preparingatthelastminuteforaworkpresentation.Running5kminaheavyHalloweencostume.Allareexamplesofwhatpsychologistscall“self-handicapping”—creatingobstaclestosuccesstoprotectone’sreputation.“Muchpreviousresearchhasexplaineditasamatterofpersonality,”saidYangXiang,apsychologyresearcher.Xiangandherco-authorshavedesignedamathematicalmodelofhowthephenomenonworkssocially.Theirtheorysuggestspeopleoftenjudgesomeone’scompetencefromonlyoneortwoperformances.So,ifapersonexpectstobejudged,creatinganobstaclecangivefailureanotherexplanation.Inthisway,self-handicappingisanattempttogamethosejudgments.“You’redoingthisbecauseitworks,”Xiangsaid.Totestthetheory,theresearcherscreatedaquiz-showexperimentinwhichparticipantscouldchoosehowtheirperformancewouldbejudged.20questionswereprovided,and8correctanswersmeantapass.Somechosetobejudgedonall20questions,whileothersonarandomlyselectedsetof10.Choosingtherandomlyselectedsetcreateduncertaintyandofferedapossibleexcuseforfailure,makingitaformofself-handicapping.Asthemodelconfirmed,thebehavioroccurredmostfrequentlyamongthoseleastlikelytofail—ortosucceed.Whenself-handicapperssucceeded,judgesratedthemespeciallyhighly.Thebehavioralsosoftenedjudgmentsofthosewhofailed.However,thisprotectionweakenedwhenthestrategywasseenthrough,suggestingitworkedbestwhenjudgeswerelessawareofit.Previousstudiesshowself-handicappingcanweakeneducationalgoals.Ithasbeenlinkedwithlowerself-esteem(自尊),lowermotivation,anddecliningstudentperformance.Thenewresearchsuggeststhatashiftineducators’focusmayhelp.Whenstudentsaredrivenbythepressuretolooksmart,theyremainhighlylikelytoself-handicap.Instead,focusingonstudents’progressovertherankingscanfurtherreducetheirneedtocreateexcuses.“Byunderstandingthepsychologybehindthisbehavior,”Xiangnoted,“wehopethisresearchrevealswaystopreventharmfulacademicself-handicapping.”12.WhatmaybetheintentionbehindthebehaviorsinParagraph1?A.Toobtainhigherratingsfromjudges. B.Toexpressuniquepersonalities.C.Toconvincepeopleoftheircompetence. D.Tomakeexcusesforpossiblefailure.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“game”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Influence. B.Follow. C.Test. D.Record.14.Whatcanbeconcludedfromtheexperiment?A.Successdependsonappropriatestrategies.B.Self-handicappingmainlybenefitsfailures.C.Self-handicappingcanprotectone'simage.D.Averageplayersarelikeliesttoself-handicap.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyLearnersProtectReputation:ASocialStrategyB.HowStudentsAvoidFailure:ALessonforEducatorsC.WhyStudentsDisableThemselves:AnEducator'sGuideD.HowLearnersSelf-Handicap:ADisturbanceofJudgment第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itusedtobesimple:ifyouwerestuckonhomework,youwenttoatutororlookedthroughatextbook.Today,manystudentsadmittheirfirstinstinct(本能)istoopenshort-videoapps.____16____Andhere'sthecatch:whileshort-formvideomakesinformationaccessible,arestudentsactuallylearningorjustscrolling(滚屏)?Studentsaren'tchoosingshortvideostostudybyaccident;itfitsthewaytheirbrainsarewiredintoday'sworld.Studiessuggesttheaverageattentionspanhasdroppedtoaround8-12seconds.Quickvideosmatchthatrhythm.Insteadofsittingthrougha40-minutelecture,studentscanlearnoneconceptordefinitioninaminute.Shortvideosalsoturnidletime,likewaitingforthebus,intolearningopportunities.____17____However,foreveryupside,there'sahiddendrawbackthatstudentsoftenfeelbutdon'talwaysrecognize.Shortvideossometimesoversimplify—studentsmayremembera"funfact"butstruggletoapplyitinproblem-solving.Constantexposuretofastcontenttrainsthebraintoexpectstimulation,makingcomplexreadingorfulllectureshardertositthrough.____18____Studentscanendupoverwhelmed,recallingbitsofmanytopicsbutmasteringnone.Here'swhereitgetstricky.Short-videoplatformsaren'tbuiltforstudying;they'rebuiltforendlessscrolling.Thatmeansstudentswhogoinlookingfora"quickexplainer"oftenendupanhourdeepintounrelatedcontent.____19____Studentsdescribefeeling"busy"whilescrollingthroughstudycontent,butlaterrealizetheydidn'tremembermuch.____20____Therealityis,it'sboth.Short-formcontentisatool,notareplacement.Studentswhouseitasasupplementtotraditionallearninggainthebestofbothworlds:quicktipsanddeeperpractice.Thosewhodependonlyonitoftenfaceburnout,dividedattention,orsurface-levelunderstanding.A.So,isshort-formvideohelpingorhurting?B.Thismakesvideo-learningfiteasilyintodailylife.C.Manycreatorsmakemoneybypostingeducationalclips.D.Tothem,suchvideosdon’tjustentertainbutfeellikelearning.E.Shortvideosmakestudentsunabletofinishhomeworkwithinfixedtime.F.Besides,toomanyshortvideos,briefastheyare,cancauseinformationoverload.G.Thisunclearlinebetweenentertainmentandeducationmakesithardertomanagetime.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThesepastweekshavebeendifficultformeasIlostmyjobinApril.It

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metobecomeawriter,agoalI’vehadinmymindforawhile.Ijustdidn’t

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tobethrownintoitlikethis.Asaresult,I’vebeenreadingself-helpbooks,subscribingtocopywritingnewslettersand

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virtualworkshops.Combinedwithmyownpersonalhabitofconstantly

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myselftoothers,thesepastfewmonthshavemademe

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indeed.AmIcutoutforthislifestyle?Howdotheseprofessionalsmakeitsoundso

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?Recently,I’vetakenupanewhobbythathashelpedme

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thesevoices:calligraphy.Inthebeginning,Ijustcopiedlovepoetry—agreat

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forcalligraphy.SoonI

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tootherpoetrythatIloved.I’vefoundthatIenjoyclearingmy

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andseeingithappenintheformof

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onpaper.I’mabsorbedinthe

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betweenthepenandthepaperandthefaintsmellofthepaperitself.Asawriter,Ioncebelievedthatthemostmagicalthingaboutwritingwas

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wordstoinspireanemotionalorthoughtfulresponse.Throughcalligraphy,Ilearnedto

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theveryactofputtingapentopaper.Inthis

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,IletthelinesIwrotepiecemebacktogether,oneself-lovingletteratatime.21.A.taught B.pushed C.required D.convinced22.A.expect B.manage C.bother D.deserve23.A.assessing B.sponsoring C.attending D.recommending24.A.adapting B.exposing C.linking D.comparing25．A．curious B．moved C．anxious D．embarrassed26．A．easy B．special C．practical D．serious27．A．raise B．quiet C．express D．follow28．A．fit B．reward C．reason D．replacement29．A．gavein B．gotaround C．turnedback D．branchedout30．A．voice B．image C．mind D．memory31．A．drafts B．patterns C．letters D．signs32．A．bond B．friction C．balance D．distance33．A．coining B．spelling C．defining D．stringing34．A．enjoy B．accept C．understand D．explain35．A．session B．process C．experience D．situation第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。StepintoanyshoppingcentreinSingaporeandyou’relikelytofindwaitinglines

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(snake)outsideshopswithcatchynamesandbright-colouredsignboards.Chinesebrands(品牌)likeChageeandMixuearedrawingcrowdsnotjustinAsia,but

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(increasing)worldwide.Alongsidefashionlabelsandtoystores,theseteachainsrepresentashiftfromlow-costmanufacturing(制造)toglobally

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(recognise)consumerbrands.Builtintheworld’ssecond-largestconsumermarket,theyalreadyhavescale(规模)andoperationalpower.However,intensedomestic

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(compete)makesexpandingoverseasanecessity.China

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(be)theworld’sworkshopoverthepastdecades,producinggoodsforWesterncompanies.Inthemeanwhile,localsuppliershavebeenlearninghowtomakeandsellgoodsatscale.CompanieslikeMinisohavebenefited

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thatkindofknow-how.Thechainstore,

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sellstoysandmovieproducts,nowoperatesstoresinoverhalfthe

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(country)aroundtheworld,prioritizingconsumerexperience.Beyondconsumergoods,BYDhasbecometheworld’slargestelectricvehiclemakerandisnowdevelopingultra-fastchargingsystemsasanefforttobuild

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ecosystemarounditsvehicles.Inshort,Chinesecompaniesarenolongerdefinedbylowprices.Theyarebuildingbrands,adaptingtolocalmarkets

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goinghead-to-headwithestablishedglobalplayers.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.你校英语报“Voices”栏目正在征稿，请同学们就“学校是否应该用零食、文具(stationery)等物质奖励来激励高三学生”发表看法，并阐述理由。请你写一篇短文向该栏目投稿。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。MyOpiniononMaterialRewardsforSeniorThreeStudents第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Judytapped“join”onthescreen,heronlymotivationbeingtheextracredits.“Ifyoujointhespeechcontest,youwillgainfive,”shetoldherfriendLeo,whowaslazilyleaningagainstthewall.“Easypoints,”Leolaughed,thinkingaspeechwasjustacollectionofbeautifulwords.Tosavetime,Judyfedthetopic“MyHero”toanAItool.Withinthirtyseconds,apolishedtextappeared:Newton,Lincoln,Tesla...Thestoriesofvirtuallyanyfamouspersoncamealivewithperfectsentences.Sheprinteditout,feelingsatisfiedwiththisneatyetshallow,fancyarticle.Toher,itwasaquickwaytowinwithoutmucheffort.However,therehearsal(彩排)wasatotaldisaster.Underthebrightstagelights,shestruggledtorecallthelong,difficultsentences.Thewordsfeltlikeborrowedclothesthatdidn’tfit.CoachKimfrowned,hiseyesfullofdisappointment.“Goodvoice,Judy,butwhereisyourheart?Thesearen’tyourheroes.”Judyforcedasmile,butthecoach’swordsstayedinhermindallafternoon.Thatnight,thefamiliarrattle(哐当声)ofmetalwheelswokeherup.Lookingoutofthewindow,shesawherparentspushingtheirfoodcart(小推车)intothecolddarkness.Dadwhispered,“Fog’sthick.Glovesready?”Momanswered,“Always.”Watchingtheirfadingfigures,Judyfeltasharppanginherheart.Suddenly,the“heroes”inherAI-generatedtextseemedsofaraway,whilethetrueheroeswererighthereinthecoldwind.Shesatatherlaptop,deletedeverywordoftheAItext,andtyped:“Myheroesleaveat4am,sothecitycaneatat7am.”Shewroteabouttheworn-outglovesandthesmellofsteaminghotdogs.Thewordswereplain,buttheybreathedwithtruelove.Thecontestdayfinallycame.Judystoodbehindthecurtain,legsshaking.Herparentssatinthethirdrow,stillwearingtheirfadedworkjackets.Judypressedherhandwrittenspeechtoherchest,feltherheartpoundingheavily,andwhispered:“Staycalm.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ThencameJudy’sturn.Aftertwoseconds’silence,thunderousapplauseerupted.1.C2.C3.A文章主要讲述TechForward招募本地居民测试新智能家居助手的相关安排与申请要求。1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thecompanyaimstogatherreal-worldfeedbackbeforetheofficialproductlaunchlaterthisyear.(该公司计划在今年晚些时候产品正式发布前收集真实场景下的用户反馈)”可知，本次测试的核心目的是在产品上市前收集用户的使用建议。2.细节理解题。根据ProgramTimeline部分中“June1-28Devicetestingperiod(6月1日至28日为设备测试周期)”可知，参与者在家使用设备的时长为28天。3.推理判断题。根据ApplicationRequirements部分中“Thecallisopentoresidentslivingwithinthecityarea.Allapplicantsaresupposedtobeatleast18yearsoldandpreviousexperiencewithsmartdevicesisamust.(本次招募面向市区居民开放，所有申请人必须年满18周岁，且必须拥有智能设备使用经验)”可知，最合适这个项目的人是居住在城市地区、年满18岁并且有使用智能设备的经验的人。A选项“Samantha，当地一名IT专业的大学毕业生”符合条件。4.C5.A6.C7.A文章主要讲述作者追忆恩师玛乔丽·赫德如何引导自己走上新闻写作道路的经历。4.细节理解题。根据第三段中“HerintroductiontotheliterarywealthofGreecegavemeanewperspectiveonmywar-tornhomeland,makingmeproudofmyorigins.(她向我介绍希腊丰富的文学作品，让我对饱受战争摧残的祖国有了全新的看法，让我为自己的出身感到自豪)”可知，接触希腊文学作品让作者对自己的祖国产生了不同的看法。5.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Atoughwomanwithsalt-and-pepperhairanddeterminedeyes,MissHurdhadnopatiencewithlazybones.(赫德老师是一位头发花白、眼神坚定的严厉女性，对懒汉毫无耐心)”和“Owingtoherinspiration,inthetwenty-fiveyearsthatfollowed,Iworkedasaprofessionaljournalist.(在她的启发下，之后的二十五年里我成为了一名职业记者)”可知，赫德老师既严格又能给学生带来启发。6.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thestudentsweremainlyfromthemosttroubledhomes,yetshealternatelybulliedandcharmedthemwithherownspecialbrandoftoughlove,untilthesparkcaughtfire.(这些学生大多来自问题最严重的家庭，但她用自己独特的严厉关爱方式，时而督促时而引导，直到他们身上的潜力火花被点燃)”可知，赫德老师用了一套独特的方法来引导这些问题学生。7.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Shewasthecatalystthatsentmeintojournalismandindirectlycausedallthegoodthingsthatcameafter.(她是带我进入新闻行业的催化剂，也间接带来了之后所有的美好际遇)”可知，作者称赫德老师为催化剂，是为了强调她在开启自己写作职业生涯中起到的关键推动作用。8.D9.D10.B11.C文章主要讨论了谄媚式人工智能对人类社交能力和社会关系的潜在负面影响，指出这种AI虽然能提供情感安慰，但会削弱人们处理人际摩擦、承担责任和促进道德成长的能力。8.细节理解题。根据第一段“Yetitispreciselythroughsuchsocialfrictionthatrelationshipsdeepenandmoralunderstandingdevelops.(然而，正是通过这种社会摩擦，关系才能加深，对道德的理解才能发展。)”可知，作者认为社会摩擦能够加深人际关系并促进对道德的理解更深刻。9.细节理解题。根据第二段“ButasAIsystemsareincreasinglyconsultedforguidanceaboutrelationshipsandconflicts,affirmation(肯定)ofthiskindmayshapehowpeopleinterprettheirownactionsandtheirperspectivesofothers,andinturn,howtheyrespondtoconflictandwhethertheytakeresponsibilitywhenthingsgowrong.(但随着人工智能系统被越来越多地用于人际关系和冲突方面的咨询，这种肯定可能会影响人们如何解读自己的行为和他人的观点，进而影响他们如何应对冲突以及在事情出错时是否承担责任。)”可知，谄媚式AI会导致人们对自己的行为判断失误（选项A）和承担责任意愿减弱（选项C）；根据第三段最后一句“Thecumulativeeffectisareductionintolerancefortheverysocialfrictionthroughwhichaccountability,perspective-taking,andgrowthoccur.(累积效应是对社会摩擦的容忍度降低，而正是通过这种社会摩擦，责任感、换位思考和个人成长才得以发生。)”可知，对人际摩擦容忍度降低（选项B）也是后果之一。“解决现实生活冲突能力的提升”文章没有提及。10.细节理解题。根据第四段“AlthoughAIcouldbeimprovedtopromotelong-termpersonaldevelopment,suchgoalsconflictwithsystemsbuilttomaximizeuserengagement.Challengingusersorpresentinguncomfortabletruthsisasurewaytodrivethemaway.(虽然AI可以改进以促进长期个人发展，但这样的目标与为最大化用户参与度而构建的系统相冲突。挑战用户或呈现令人不舒服的真相肯定会把他们赶走。)”可知，AI系统无法被改造成挑战用户的模式，是因为这与其追求最大化用户参与度的商业利益相冲突。11.推理判断题。作者在第一段引出话题，指出社交摩擦虽然不可避免，但正是通过这种摩擦，人际关系才能加深、对道德的理解才能发展。第二段指出谄媚式AI会导致人们判断失误、逃避责任，在第三段指出其降低人们对社交摩擦的容忍度，在第四段指出其与商业利益的冲突及伦理困境，并呼吁跨学科合作来解决这些问题，表达了一种“谨慎担忧”的态度。12.D13.A14.C15.C文章介绍自我设限这种心理现象，阐释其运作机制、实验验证以及给教育者的启示。12.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Allareexamplesofwhatpsychologistscall“self-handicapping”—creatingobstaclestosuccesstoprotectone’sreputation.(所有这些都是心理学家所说的“自我设限”的例子——制造通往成功路上的障碍，以保护自己的名声)”以及第二段中的“So,ifapersonexpectstobejudged,creatinganobstaclecangivefailureanotherexplanation.(所以，如果一个人预料自己会被评价，制造一个障碍就可以为失败提供另一种解释)”可知，这些行为背后的意图是为可能到来的失败准备借口。13.词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“So,ifapersonexpectstobejudged,creatinganobstaclecangivefailureanotherexplanation.Inthisway,self-handicappingisanattempttogamethosejudgments.(所以，如果一个人预料自己会被评价，制造一个障碍就可以为失败提供另一种解释。这样一来，自我设限就是一种试图game这些评价的尝试)”可知，自我设限是用来影响他人对自己的评价。故猜测划线词意为“影响”，与influence同义。14.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Asthemodelconfirmed,thebehavioroccurredmostfrequentlyamongthoseleastlikelytofail—ortosucceed.Whenself-handicapperssucceeded,judgesratedthemespeciallyhighly.Thebehavioralsosoftenedjudgmentsofthosewhofailed.(正如模型证实的那样，这种行为在最不容易失败，也最不容易成功的人身上发生得最频繁。当自我设限者成功时，评价者会给他们特别高的评价。这种行为也弱化了人们对失败者的负面评价)”可知，自我设限能够维护一个人的形象。15.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Allareexamplesofwhatpsychologistscall“self-handicapping”—creatingobstaclestosuccesstoprotectone’sreputation.(所有这些都是心理学家所说的“自我设限”的例子——制造通往成功路上的障碍，以保护自己的名声)”以及最后一段中的“Byunderstandingthepsychologybehindthisbehavior,”Xiangnoted,“wehopethisresearchrevealswaystopreventharmfulacademicself-handicapping.(向指出：“通过理解这种行为背后的心理，我们希望这项研究找到方法，去预防有害的学业自我设限。”)”可知，全文围绕“自我设限”这一核心现象展开，解释了学生这类群体主动给自己设置阻碍的背后心理机制，最后落脚于给教育工作者提供减少这类有害行为的参考方向。C项“为什么学生要自我设限：一份教育者指南”能概括文章主旨，是最佳标题。16.D17.B18.F19.G20.A文章主要探讨了短视频学习对学生的利弊，分析了短视频学习流行的原因、潜在弊端，并指出短视频应作为传统学习的补充而非替代。16.由上文“Today,manystudentsadmittheirfirstinstinct(本能)istoopenshort-videoapps.(如今，许多学生承认他们的第一本能是打开短视频应用。)”以及下文“Andhere’sthecatch:whileshort-formvideomakesinformationaccessible,arestudentsactuallylearningorjustscrolling(滚屏)?(关键在于：虽然短视频让信息变得容易获取，但学生们是真的在学习还是只是在滚屏？)”可知，本空要说学生们对短视频学习的认知，D选项“Tothem,suchvideosdon’tjustentertainbutfeellikelearning.(对他们来说，这些视频不仅娱乐，而且感觉像是在学习。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“Tothem”指代上文的“manystudents”，且该选项中的“feellikelearning”与下文的“arestudentsactuallylearning”形成呼应和质疑，表示学生们自以为在学习，但实际情况可能并非如此。17.由上文“Shortvideosalsoturnidletime,likewaitingforthebus,intolearningopportunities.(短视频还将空闲时间，比如等公交车，转化为学习机会。)”以及下文“However,foreveryupside,there’sahiddendrawbackthatstudentsoftenfeelbutdon’talwaysrecognize.(然而，每一个优点都有一个学生常常感受到却不一定意识到的隐藏的弊端。)”可知，本空要说短视频融入日常生活的便利性，B选项“Thismakesvideo-learningfiteasilyintodailylife.(这使视频学习轻松融入日常生活。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“This”指代上文的“turnidleolearningopportunities”，且该选项中的“fiteasilyintodailylife”总结了短视频学习的便利性，与下文的“However”形成转折，引出弊端。18.由上文“Constantexposuretofastcontenttrainsthebraintoexpectstimulation,makingcomplexreadingorfulllectureshardertositthrough.(持续接触快速内容训练大脑期待刺激，使复杂的阅读或完整的讲座更难坐下来听完。)”以及下文“Studentscanendupoverwhelmed,recallingbitsofmanytopicsbutmasteringnone.(学生们最终可能会不知所措，回忆起许多话题的片段但没有一个精通。)”可知，本空要说信息过载的问题，F选项“Besides,toomanyshortvideos,briefastheyare,cancauseinformationoverload.(此外，短视频虽短，但数量过多会导致信息过载。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“Besides”表示递进，承接上文的弊端，且该选项中的“informationoverload”与下文的“overwhelmed”和“recallingbitsofmanytopicsbutmasteringnone”相呼应，表示信息过载导致学习效果差。19.由上文“Thatmeansstudentswhogoinlookingfora‘quickexplainer’oftenendupanhourdeepintounrelatedcontent.(这意味着那些本想找‘快速讲解’的学生往往最终花一小时深陷无关内容。)”以及下文“Studentsdescribefeeling‘busy’whilescrollingthroughstudycontent,butlaterrealizetheydidn’tremembermuch.(学生们描述在浏览学习内容时感觉‘很忙’，但后来意识到他们并没有记住多少。)”可知，本空要说娱乐与教育的界限模糊带来的时间管理问题，G选项“Thisunclearlinebetweenentertainmentandeducationmakesithardertomanagetime.(娱乐与教育之间这条模糊的界限使时间管理变得更加困难。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“Thisunclearlinebetweenentertainmentandeducation”指代上