北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题（含详细答案解析）

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题（含详细答案解析）考试说明1.本试卷满分100分，考试时间120分钟2.试卷共五个部分：阅读理解、词汇与语法、完形填空、英汉互译、短文写作3.所有答案均需规范作答，选择题选择最优选项，主观题书写完整规范PartIReadingComprehension(30points)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.Passage1Preschooleducationinmostdevelopedcountriesstartsattheageoffiveorsix,preparingchildrenforformalprimaryschoolstudy.However,thisstartingageissurprisinglylateamongwealthynations.Alargenumberofstudieshaveshownthatearlychildhoodexperiencehasalastinginfluenceonpersonalgrowth.Thevocabularygapbetweenchildrenfromrichandpoorfamiliesformsataveryearlyageandoftencontinuesthroughouttheirlives.Researcherstrackedmorethan2,000childrenfromdifferentfamilybackgroundsfortenyears.Theyfoundthatkidsfromwealthyfamiliesareexposedtomorewordsandinteractivecommunicationbeforeschoolage.Theirparentsspendmoretimereading,talkingandplayingeducationalgameswiththem.Incontrast,childrenfromlow-incomefamiliesreceivelesslanguagestimulationandsystematicearlyeducation.Thisearlygapdoesnotonlyaffectlanguageability.Italsoinfluenceschildren’slearningconfidence,problem-solvingskillsandsocialadaptabilityinfutureschoollife.Expertssuggestthatpopularizinghigh-qualitypreschooleducationforallchildrencaneffectivelynarrowtheeducationalgapcausedbyfamilyeconomicdifferences.1.Accordingtothepassage,theproperpreschoolstartingageinwealthycountriesshouldbe____.A.fiveorsixyearsoldB.olderthansixyearsoldC.noolderthanfiveyearsoldD.aroundfouryearsold2.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenrichandpoorpreschoolkids?A.LearningattitudeB.FamilylivingconditionsC.VocabularyandlanguagefoundationD.Interestinstudy3.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheearlyeducationalgap?A.ItcanbeeasilymadeupinprimaryschoolB.Itaffectsmultipleaspectsofchildren’sdevelopmentC.ItonlyexistsinlanguagelearningD.Itdisappearsaschildrengrowup4.Whatdoexpertsadvisetosolvetheproblem?A.EncouragingparentstoearnmoremoneyB.Providinguniversalhigh-qualitypreschooleducationC.ReducingschoollearningtasksD.Trainingteachersforprimaryschools5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheInfluenceofEarlyPreschoolEducationB.HowtoImproveChildren’sLearningAbilityC.TheDevelopmentofPreschoolEducationD.FamilyEducationandSchoolEducationPassage2Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplechoosetoworkfromhomewiththerapiddevelopmentofinternettechnology.Thisworkmodehasbecomeincreasinglycommon,especiallyamongofficeworkers,freelancersandinternetpractitioners.Workingfromhomebreaksthelimitofofficespaceandbringsmanyobviousadvantages.Firstofall,itsavesalotofcommutingtime.Peopledonotneedtogetupearly,squeezeincrowdedbusesorsubways,andcanmakefulluseofthesavedtimetoworkorrest.Secondly,homeworkingprovidesamorerelaxedworkingatmosphere.Withoutthesupervisionofleadersandtheinterferenceofnoisyofficeenvironment,manypeoplecanconcentratebetterandimproveworkefficiency.However,workingfromhomealsohasunavoidableshortcomings.Long-termhomeworkblurstheboundarybetweenworkandlife.Manyworkersareusedtoworkingovertimeathome,resultingininsufficientresttime.Inaddition,lackofface-to-facecommunicationwithcolleaguesmayreduceteamcooperationefficiencyandmakepeoplefeellonelyandisolated.Ingeneral,workingfromhomeisadouble-edgedsword.Employeesandenterprisesneedtoformulatereasonableworkplanstomaximizeitsadvantagesandavoidnegativeimpacts.6.Whatmakesworkingfromhomepopularnowadays?A.Thechangeofpeople’slifestyleB.ThedevelopmentofinternettechnologyC.ThepressureofofficeworkD.Theimprovementoflivingstandards7.Whichisoneadvantageofworkingfromhome?A.MorecommunicationwithcolleaguesB.ClearerworkandlifeboundaryC.SavingcommutingtimeD.Lessworktasks8.Whatproblemmayworkingfromhomecause?A.LowerworkenthusiasmB.InsufficientrestandpoorteamcommunicationC.HigherworkingcostD.Worseworkingability9.Theunderlinedphrase“double-edgedsword”inthelastparagraphmeans____.A.havingbothgoodandbadsidesB.verydangerousC.completelybeneficialD.totallyharmful10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsworkingfromhome?A.FullysupportiveB.CompletelyopposedC.ObjectiveandrationalD.DoubtfulandworriedPassage3Readingisoneofthemostvaluablelifelonghabitsforindividuals.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatreadingcanenrichknowledge,broadenhorizonsandshapepersonaltemperament.Unlikeshortvideosandfastonlineinformation,traditionalbookreadingallowspeopletothinkdeeplyandcalmdowntheirimpetuousminds.Inmodernfast-pacedsociety,manypeoplearetrappedinfragmentedreading.Theyspendalotoftimebrowsingshortnews,picturesandfunnyvideos,butrarelyfinishreadingacompletebook.Fragmentedinformationisscatteredandsuperficial,whichishardtoformasystematicknowledgesystem.Onthecontrary,in-depthreadingofbookshelpspeoplesortoutlogic,buildthinkingframeworksandaccumulatesteadyknowledgereserves.Scholarspointoutthatthedeclineofin-depthreadingwillleadtotheweaknessofindependentthinkingability.Peoplewhorelyonfragmentedinformationforalongtimeareeasytobeinfluencedbypublicopinionsandlacktheirownjudgment.Therefore,itisnecessaryforeveryonetosticktoregularin-depthreadinganddevelopagoodreadinghabit.11.Whatistheadvantageofbookreadingcomparedwithfastonlinereading?A.Itismoretime-savingB.IthelpsdeepthinkingC.ItprovidesmoreinformationD.Itismoreinteresting12.Whatisthedisadvantageoffragmentedreading?A.ItwastestoomuchstudytimeB.ItcannotformsystematicknowledgeC.ItistoodifficulttounderstandD.Itupdatestoofast13.Whatwillhappenifpeoplelackin-depthreading?A.TheywillhavemoresparetimeB.TheirindependentthinkingabilitywillbeweakenedC.TheywilladapttosocietybetterD.Theirlearningefficiencywillimprove14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledo?A.RefuseallonlineinformationB.OnlyreadprofessionalbooksC.Keepdoingin-depthreadingregularlyD.Speedupreadingspeed15.Thepassagemainlytalksabout____.A.theimportanceofin-depthbookreadingB.thedifferencesbetweendifferentbooksC.howtoimprovereadingspeedD.thedevelopmentofmodernreadingwaysPartIIVocabularyandStructure(30points)Directions:Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswertocompletethesentence.16.Themandenied____intotheneighbor’sgardenandstealinghisflowers.A.goingB.goC.wentD.togo17.____shelikesthebirthdaypresentisnotcleartome.A.IfB.WhetherC.WhatD.Which18.Thiscityisfamous____itsancientculturalrelics.A.forB.inC.withD.at19.Wehavedifficulty____themeaningofthisprofessionalarticle.A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood20.Bythetimehewas18,he____threeforeignlanguages.A.learnedB.haslearnedC.hadlearnedD.learns21.Itisimportantthatwe____carefulwithourwordsinpublic.A.beB.areC.willbeD.was22.Thereason____hewaslateisthathemissedtheearlybus.A.whyB.thatC.whichD.what23.You____finishthetasktoday.Youcanhanditintomorrow.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.shouldn’t24.____hardtheytry,theystillcan’tsolvetheproblem.A.NomatterB.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Though25.Iwouldrather____athomethangooutonrainydays.A.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayed26.Thenewlibrary____lastyearisverypopularamongstudents.A.builtB.buildingC.tobuildD.build27.Onlyinthisway____improveyourEnglishlevelquickly.A.youcanB.canyouC.youcouldD.couldyou28.Shehasmadegreat____inherstudythissemester.A.progressB.progressionsC.projectD.promise29.Wewillgoforapicnictomorrow____itrainsheavily.A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.so30.Theteacheraskedus____lateforschoolagain.A.don’tbeB.notbeC.nottobeD.tonotbe31.____isknowntoall,theearthisround.A.ItB.AsC.WhatD.That32.Ihavenoidea____hewillcometothepartyornot.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.when33.Thecompanyprovidesfreetraining____newemployees.A.withB.forC.toD.on34.Hekeptsilent,____hedidn’tknowtheanswer.A.soB.forC.butD.or35.Thisisthebestmovie____Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when36.Themeeting____fortenminuteswhenwearrived.A.hasbeenonB.hadbeenonC.wasonD.ison37.Ittakestimeandpatience____agoodhabit.A.developingB.developC.todevelopD.developed38.People____liveahappylifewiththedevelopmentofsociety.A.canabletoB.areabletoC.beabletoD.ableto39.Don’tworry.Iwilltakefullresponsibility____theaccident.A.forB.ofC.inD.on40.Theyoungmanis____energeticthateveryonelikeshim.A.soB.suchC.tooD.very41.____moretime,wecouldfinishtheworkbetter.A.GivingB.GivenC.TogiveD.Give42.Sheisusedto____upearlyeverymorning.A.getB.gettingC.gotD.gotten43.Thereis____waterinthebottle,soweneedtobuysome.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle44.Thesportsmeetinghastobeputoff____thebadweather.A.becauseB.becauseofC.sinceD.as45.Noonecandenythefact____hardworkleadstosuccess.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whyPartIIICloze(10points)Directions:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshouldchoosethebestanswer.Healthisthemostpreciouswealthinourlife.Withoutgoodhealth,alldreamsandgoalsareimpossibleto46.Nowadays,manypeopleignoredailyhealthmanagementduetobusyworkandstudy.Ahealthylifestyleincludesmanysimplehabits.First,regularexerciseisessential.Takingexerciseeverydaycanstrengthenourbody,improvebloodcirculationandrelievemental47.Second,reasonabledietisveryimportant.Weshouldeatmorevegetablesandfruits,andreducehigh-sugarandhigh-fatfoodintake.Third,enoughsleepisnecessary.Stayinguplateforalongtimewill48damageourphysicalfunctionsandreduceimmunity.Besidesphysicalhealth,mentalhealthisalsoofgreat49.Indailylife,wemayfacepressurefromstudy,workandinterpersonalcommunication.Itisimportantforustokeepapositiveattitude,learntoreleasepressureand50happinessfromdailylife.Healthisnotatemporarystate,butalong-term51.Weshouldformgoodlivinghabitsandsticktothem.Manypeopleonlypayattentiontohealthwhentheyareill,whichistoolate.Preventionisalways52thantreatment.Inshort,maintainingphysicalandmentalhealthisthefoundationofahappylife.Weshouldcherishourbody,takegoodcareofourselves,and53ahealthyandpositivelifestyleallthetime.Onlywithahealthybodyandmindcanwepursueourdreamsandenjoythebeautyoflife54.Healthisthegreatestgiftwegiveto55.46.A.realizeB.recognizeC.reviewD.repeat47.A.pressureB.pleasureC.passionD.patience48.A.gentlyB.seriouslyC.slightlyD.suddenly49.A.valueB.worthC.importanceD.meaning50.A.discoverB.inventC.createD.produce51.A.processB.progressC.projectD.promise52.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well53.A.keepB.maintainC.remainD.preserve54.A.fullyB.simplyC.easilyD.freely55.A.othersB.ourselvesC.themselvesD.yourselvesPartIVTranslation(15points)SectionAEnglishtoChinese(8points)56.Thememberswerequicktocometohisrescuewhenhefelldown.57.Continuouslearningisthekeytoadaptingtotherapidlychangingsociety.58.Thistraditionalfestivalconsistsofaseriesofmeaningfulcustomsandactivities.SectionBChinesetoEnglish(7points)59.周末我更喜欢待在家里看书，而不是外出游玩。60.坚持好习惯能够帮助我们不断进步。61.良好的沟通是解决人际关系问题的有效方式。PartVWriting(15points)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteashortessayonthetopicTheImportanceofPersistence.Youshouldwriteatleast80wordsandbaseyourwritingonthefollowingoutline:1.坚持是成功的重要基础2.生活和学习中坚持的作用3.我们应该如何做到坚持详细答案与逐题解析PartIReadingComprehension答案解析Passage11.答案：D解析：文章首段提到发达国家五六岁开启学前教育，该年龄在富裕国家中偏晚，由此可推知合适的入学年龄约四岁。2.答案：C解析：原文明确指出贫富家庭孩子的核心差距是词汇量，且该差距会伴随终身。3.答案：B解析：文中提到早期教育差距不仅影响语言能力，还影响学习自信、解决问题能力和社会适应能力，涉及多方面发展。4.答案：B解析：专家建议普及全民优质学前教育，缩小家庭经济带来的教育差距。5.答案：A解析：全文围绕学前早期教育对儿童成长的影响展开，其余选项范围过大或偏离主旨。Passage26.答案：B解析：文章开篇点明互联网技术的快速发展让居家办公愈发普及。7.答案：C解析：文中明确列出居家办公的首要优势是节省通勤时间。8.答案：B解析：居家办公的弊端为模糊工作生活边界、休息不足、缺乏同事面对面沟通、团队协作效率下降。9.答案：A解析：double-edgedsword为固定搭配，意为“双刃剑”，指事物利弊共存。10.答案：C解析：作者客观阐述居家办公的优势与弊端，态度中立理性。Passage311.答案：B解析：原文指出纸质深度阅读可让人深度思考，平复浮躁心态，区别于碎片化快餐式阅读。12.答案：B解析：碎片化信息零散肤浅，无法形成系统的知识体系。13.答案：B解析：学者指出深度阅读的缺失会导致独立思考能力弱化。14.答案：C解析：文末作者建议大众坚持常态化深度阅读，养成良好阅读习惯。15.答案：A解析：全文核心论述深度纸质阅读的价值与重要性，对比碎片化阅读的弊端。PartIIVocabularyandStructure答案解析16.答案：A解析：denydoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“否认做过某事”。17.答案：B解析：whether可引导主语从句且可与ornot连用，if不能用于句首引导主语从句。18.答案：A解析：befamousfor固定搭配，意为“因……闻名”。19.答案：B解析：havedifficulty(in)doingsth.固定句型，意为“做某事有困难”。20.答案：C解析：bythetime+过去时间，主句用过去完成时，表示“截止过去某时间已完成的动作”。21.答案：A解析：Itisimportantthat从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should)do原形。22.答案：A解析：thereasonwhy...isthat...固定句型，why引导定语从句修饰reason。23.答案：B解析：needn’t表示“不必”，根据后文可明天上交，可知今日无需完成。24.答案：B解析：however+副词/形容词，引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么……”。25.答案：A解析：wouldratherdothando固定搭配，意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。26.答案：A解析：过去分词built作后置定语，表被动，图书馆是被建造的。27.答案：B解析：only+状语置于句首，句子用部分倒装，时态为一般现在时。28.答案：A解析：makegreatprogress固定搭配，意为“取得巨大进步”，progress为不可数名词。29.答案：B解析：unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，符合句意。30.答案：C解析：asksb.nottodosth.固定搭配，意为“要求某人不要做某事”。31.答案：B解析：Asisknowntoall固定句型，意为“众所周知”。32.答案：A解析：whether...ornot为固定搭配，表“是否”。33.答案：B解析：providesth.forsb.固定搭配，意为“为某人提供某物”。34.答案：B解析：for为并列连词，表补充说明原因。35.答案：B解析：先行词被最高级修饰时，定语从句关系代词只用that。36.答案：B解析：arrived为过去式，会议在到达前已开始十分钟，用过去完成时。37.答案：C解析：Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.固定句型。38.答案：B解析：beabletodosth.固定搭配，主语为people，be动词用are。39.答案：A解析：takeresponsibilityfor固定搭配，意为“为……负责”。40.答案：A解析：so+形容词+that结果状语从句句型。41.答案：B解析：given此处为分词作条件状语，表“倘若、假如”。42.答案：B解析：beusedtodoingsth.固定搭配，意为“习惯于做某事”。43.答案：C解析：little修饰不可数名词，表否定含义“几乎没有”，符合后文买水的语境。44.答案：B解析：becauseof后接名词短语，because后接完整句子。45.答案：A解析：that引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容。PartIIICloze答案解析46.答案：A解析：realizedreams固定搭配，意为“实现梦想”。47.答案：A解析：relievementalpressure意为“缓解精神压力