中考英语专题复习一一定语从句专项复习

中考英语专题复习一一定语从句专项复习

【考点扫描】中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面.：

1.定语从句的功用和结构

2.关系代词和关系副词的功用

3.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也

要用到定语从句。

一.定语从句的功用和结构

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。

定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：

Thisisthepresentthathegavemefbrmybirthday.

Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?

IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?

ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.

二.关系代词和关系副词的功用

关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联

系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语，宾语，定语,

关系副词可作状语。

L作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓府动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。

例如：

Idon'tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.

ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.

2.作宾语：

SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.

Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.

3.作定语

关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：

What,sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?

Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.

4.作状语

I'llneverfbrgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.

ThisisthehousewhereIwasbom.

三.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

l.who指人，在定语从句中作主语％例如：

Thepersonwhobrokethev/indowmustpayforit.

Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.

2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：

Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate?

MrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.

3.whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如：

Thegirlwhosemotherisillisslayingathometoday.

Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.

4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：

Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.

Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.

5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：

I'vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.

Whoisthepersonthaiisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?

6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：

I'llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.

HeanivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.

7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：

Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.

Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.

四.关系代词whom,which在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与

定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介

词置于定语从句的后面，如：

Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears.=Thatwastheroom

whichwehadlivedinfortenyears.

五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题：

1.只能使用ihaL不用which的情况:

(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。例如：

Allthathesaidistrue.

(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。例如：

Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.

(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：

Hewasthesecond(person)thattoldmethesecret.

(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。

Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.

(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：

Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.

2.只能用which,不用that的情况：

(1)在非限制性定语从中。例如：

Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.

(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：

Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.

【中考范例】I.一Doestheteacherknoweverybodyplantedthetrees?

一Yes,hedoes.

A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.who

【解析】答案：Do该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而

关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。

2.TheletterIreceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.

A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that

【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是物，而关系

代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有Ihat合适。

3.…Whereisthescientistgaveusthetalkyesterday?

一HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which

【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而

关系代词乂在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。

4.1hatepeopletalkmuchbutdolittle.

A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.who

【解析】答案：Do该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关

系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。

一.单项填空

1.---WhoisthemanwastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?

---Oh!It'sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.

A.heB.thatC.whomD.which

2.Ihatethepeopledon'thelpotherswhentheyarcintrouble.

A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where

3.TheforeignervisitedourschoolisfromCanada.

A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom

4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacherlovedclimbing.

A.whoB.whomC.heD.which

5.ThisistheplaceIhaveevervisited.

A.(hereB.whenC.whereD.which

6.Nobodyknowsthereasonshedidn'tcometothemeeting.

A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when

7.Themoonisaworldthereisnolife.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why

8.Hehasforgottenthedayhearrived.

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which

9.Hestillremembersthedayshespentwithyourfamily.

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich

10.Mr.White,carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.

A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which

11.Hegottothevillagehisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where

12.ThisisthehouseIwanttobuy.

A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where

13.ThisisthehouseourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where

14.Hedidn'ttellmetheplacehewasbom.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where

15.Helivedinasmallvillage,wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

二.用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句

1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.

2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.

3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.

4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.

5.Thisisthehall.Wclistenedtothereportinittheotherday.

6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.

7.Themanwavedtous.Themanwasmyuncle.

8.1enjoyedreadingthebock.Yougavemeabooklastwee