2025-2026学年江苏省苏州市初三(上)英语期末模拟卷(一)含答案

试卷第1页，共19页注意事项：1.本试卷共七大题，满分100分（不含听力口语30分）、考试用时100分钟；2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡和对应的位置上，并认真校对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人相符合；3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动、请用橡皮擦干净后、再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题；4.考生答题必须答在答题卡上、答在试卷和草稿低上一律无效。第一部分完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asajuniorhighschoolstudent,IoftenhearsomestudentssayEnglishisdifficult,sotheycan’tlearnitwell.Butforme,Englishisafascinatingsubject.I’mgood1itandenjoyeverymomentofstudyingit.I’mverygladtotellyousome2abouthowIlearnedEnglishandhopeitcaninspire(激励)you.Firstofall,IthinkaninterestinEnglishisthekey.WhenIfirststartedlearningEnglishinGradeSeven,itwaslikeopeninganew3forme.Thenewlanguagewasfullofmysteries,andIwasdeeply4init.IrememberourfirstEnglishtest;Igotahighscoreandfeltso5!Thatexperienceimprovedmyconfidenceandmademeworkevenharder.OurEnglishteacheroftentaughtusEnglishsongs,and6ofthemsoundedbeautiful.Theymademerealizehow7Englishcouldbe!Secondly,Ibelievethatpracticemakesperfect.ToimprovemyEnglish,Ifollowedthesesteps:Listentotheteacher8inclass,readaloudeverydaytoimprovemypronunciation,andbuildupagoodvocabularybymemorizingnewwordseveryday.Then,Ipracticedspeakingandwritingoverandoveragain,nevergettingbored.9Ihadadoubt,IwouldunderstanditbyaskingdirectlywithourEnglishteacher.Finally,IhopemyEnglishlearningmethodscanbe10toyou.2．A．difficultyB．waysC．stories3．A．doorB．trip4．A．interestedB．interestingC．excited5．A．sadB．excitedC．nervous6．A．allB．both7．A．boringB．difficultC．wonderful8．A．carelesslyB．seriouslyC．carefully9．A．WhateverB．WheneverC．However10．A．uselessB．usefulC．careful第二部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。试卷第2页，共19页ALastweek,anewshoppingmallopenednearourneighborhood.Therearethousandsofproductsofallcolorsandshapesinthemall.Mostoftheproductsinthesupermarketareexpensive,butsometimesyoucangetreallycheaponesthere.ProductsPriceMadeofMadeinUsedforJacket¥60AhundredpercentcottonThailandKeepingoutthecoldUmbrella¥130ClothandmetalJapanProtectingpeopleagainstthesunCamera¥5000Glassandmetal(金属)GermanyTakingphotosHandbag¥2200Metalandleather(皮革)AmericaHoldingpersonalsmallthings11．Wherewasthejacketmade?A．Thailand.B．Japan.C．Germany.12．Whichproductisthemostexpensive?A．Theumbrella.B．Thecamera.C．Thehandbag.13．Whichofthefollowingisright?A．TheproductmadeinJapanisthecheapest.B．Theumbrellaisusedforprotectingpeopleagainsttherain.C．Thehandbagwasmadeofmetalandleather.B①Springbringswarmerweather,greenplants,andthereturnofbirdsong.Songbirdsarefamousfortheirspecialsongs,whichtheyusetoattractmatesandprotecttheirhomes.Buthowdobirdslearnthesesongs?Andwhatmotivates(激励)them?②Whentalkingaboutlearning,itisimportanttoknowthedifferencebetweenextrinsic(外在的)andintrinsicmotivation.Extrinsicmotivationcomesfromoutside,suchasrewardorpraise.Intrinsicmotivationcomesfrominside—thejoyoflearningsomethingnew.Althoughbothtypescanhelpuslearn,intrinsicmotivationoftenleadstodeeperandlonger-lastinglearning.Dopamine(多巴胺),abrainchemical,playsanimportantroleinsendingsignalsrelatedtolearning,reward,andmotivation.③Inordertounderstandhowintrinsicmotivationworks,aresearchteamfromDukeUniversityintheUSstudiedthedopamineflowinzebrafinches’brainswithoutanyextrinsicrewards.Theirfindings,publishedinNature,giveusideasabouthowbothbirdsandhumanslearn.④Duringthestudy,youngzebrafinches,whohadalreadymemorizedtheirfather’ssong,wereplacedaloneinsoundproofrooms.Theypracticedeverydayforamonth,singingupto10,000timesaday.Theirrandomchirps(随意的啁啾)slowlyturnedintonicemelodies.Whilethebirdspracticed,researchersmeasureddopamine试卷第3页，共19页levelsintheirbasalganglia—abrainareawhichisimportantforlearningskills.Theyfoundthateverytimeabirdtriedtosing,dopaminewasreleased(释放).Itdidn’tmatterifthesingingwasbeautifulornot—thebirdsfeltasenseofsatisfactionsimplyfromtheactofpracticing.⑤Thebirds’effortstolearntheirsongswithoutintrinsicmotivationshowhowintrinsicmotivationoperates,leadingtosuccessfullearning.Beyonddopamine,theresearchersalsodiscoveredacetylcholine(乙酰胆碱)asanotherimportantchemicalmessengerintheprocess.⑥“Thesefindingsarealsotrueforotheranimals,includinghumans.”ProfessorJohnPearsonsaid,“Thebrainregionsandchemicals—likethebasalganglia,dopamine,andacetylcholine—arealsofoundinmice,monkeys,andhumans.”Bystudyinghowbirdslearntosing,wecanhaveabetterunderstandingofourselves.ItmayalsohelpresearchintobraindiseaseslikeParkinson’s,andskillslikeplayingmusicorsports.14．Whydidresearchersstudythezebrafinches’dopamineflow?A．Todiscoverhowbirdspracticesongs.B．Tounderstandwhatintrinsiclearningis.C．Toknowhowintrinsicmotivationoperates.D．Tofindoutwhichbrainareadopamineisfrom.15．AccordingtoParagraphs4&5,whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutthebirds’learningprocess?①Thereleaseofdopaminewasconnectedtosuccessfulperformance.②Aquietenvironmentwasnecessaryforthebirdstolearneffectively.③Thechemicalacetylcholinewasalsoinvolvedintheprocess.④Theeffortofpracticingitselfwaskeytoactivatingthebrain’srewardsystem.16．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Talentholdsgreatimportanceinmasteringanewskill.B．Aquietenvironmentlowersstressandimprovesnewskills.C．Extrinsicmotivationhasasharpinfluenceonlearningaskill.D．Thestudyofhowbirdslearnteachesusaboutlearningnewskills.17．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthispassage?D.C试卷第4页，共19页LuHongwhowaslistedamongthefinalistsforTouchingChina2022wasdiagnosedwithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫)whenhewasachild.Hisdisabilitiesmeantthathespenthisprimaryandmiddleschoolyearsinpain.EverytimehehadPEclass,allhisclassmatescouldrunandjumpastheylikedontheplayground,whilehehadtositaloneintheclassroom.Aftergraduation,heopenedhisphotoshop.Atfirst,mostcustomerswouldturnawayfromLu’sshopbecausetheydoubtedhisskillsandservice.Togetcustomers,Lupromisedtotakepicturesforfreeifcustomerswerenotsatisfiedwithhiswork.Thankstohisskillsandhardwork,Luimpressedhiscustomersandhisshop’sbusinessgrewstronger.In2017,withthehelpoftheAssociationforDisabledPeopleinSuzhou,LuHongopenedaphotofactoryandofferedjobstodisabledpeople.Injustafewyears,hisfactoryhasdevelopedfromasmallworkshoptoapropercompany.Thereareover40workersinLu’sfactory,morethan30ofwhomaredisabled.“It’snoteasyforpeoplewithdisabilitiestofindwork.Ihopetoprovidethemwithanopportunitytorealizetheirfullabilityandgofortheirlifegoals,”hesaid.Duringtheepidemic,thefactorywasforcedtocloseforawhile,buthekeptonpayingsalaries(工资)totheworkersasheguardedtheemptyfactoryalone.Heboughtmachineryandequipmentworthnearly5millionyuan($726,000)tomakesureproductionwhenhisstaffcouldnotcometowork.Besides,Lustartedexploringe-commerce(电子商务)opportunitiestoincreaseincome.Today,LuHong’sfactoryisacelebratedcompanythathasmadeagreatcontribution(贡献)tosupportingthepoorandprovidingjobsforthedisabled.Inthefuture,hehopestochangefrombeinghelpedtohelpingandcontributingtosociety.18．WhatdoweknowaboutLuHongwhenhewasyoung?A．Hehadahardtime.B．Hewasgoodatsports.C．Heenjoyedsittingalone.D．Heavoidedplayingwithclassmates.19．HowdidLuHongmakehisshopsuccessful?A．Bygivingagoodfirstimpression.B．Bytakingpicturesforfree.C．Byimprovingskillsandservice.D．Byprovidingmanychoices.20．WhydidLuHongofferjobstothedisabled?A．Togetmoreworkers.B．Topaylessmoney.C．Tocommunicateeasily.D．Toprovidesupport.21．Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofpersonisLuHong?A．Honestandsmart.B．Warm-heartedandhumorous.C．Carefulandfriendly.D．Strong-mindedandresponsible.DIalwaysrememberafamoussaying,“Booksaretheladder(阶梯)ofhumanprogress.”Overtheyears,readinghasbecomeanimportantpartofmylife.Ilikereadingbecauseithasnotonlyenrichedmymindbutalsoprovidedspiritualsupportformygrowth.试卷第5页，共19页Takemyfavoritebook,Wonder,forexample.IttellsthestoryofAugust,a10-year-oldboy.Augustisacommonboyinmanyways;helikesridingabikeandplayingvideogames.ButAugustwasbornwithfacialdeformities(面部畸形).UntilAugustturned10,hismothertaughthimathome,butthefamilyfinallydecideditwastimeforhimtostartschool.August’sfirstyearatschoolwasterrible.Mostpeoplewereafraidofhim,sotheykeptawayfromhim.Buthenevergaveuponhimselforlosthope.Duringthathardtime,agirlnamedSummerreachedouttohimandwantedtobehisfriend,whichwaswhenAugustfirstfeltkindnessfromfriends.Thenadramaticeventataschoolcampchangedeverything.Peoplediscoveredhowbravehewasandhowharditwasforhimtogetalongwithothers,leadingthemtounderstandhimbetter.KindnessisthemainthemeinWonder.Ithelpsmerealizethatasmall,simpleactofkindnesscanmakeabigdifferenceandthatwehavetheabilitytochoosekindness.Fromthisbook,Ihavealsolearnedtofacedifferencesinpeople.We’dknowthatnooneiscommonandthateveryoneissupposedtoreceiveastandingovation(鼓掌)atleastonceintheirlives.Bookslikethismakemestronglybelievethatreadingcantrulychangehowpeoplethinkaboutlife.So,Ihopeyoucanfindabookthatbrightensyourday,andtrytomakereadingapartofyourlife.22．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?A．Thesaying.B．Thelife.C．Thereading.D．Themind.23．WhatcanweknowaboutAugust?A．HeisacharacterinWonder.B．Heisgoodattellingstories.C．Heishandsomeandfunny.D．Hebeganschoolbeforetheageoften.24．WhatisthemainreasonforAugust’schangesomuchatlast?A．ThekindnessfromSummer.B．Thehelpfromhisfriends.C．Thesupportfromhisparents.D．Thepraisefromhisteachers.25．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Totellpeopletobefriendly.B．TointroduceAugustandSummer.C．Toencouragepeopletoreadbooks.D．Toexplaintheimportanceofhopes.第三部分信息还原（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入各小题横线上的最佳选项。Learningcanbeexcitingwhenyoufollowyourcuriosity(好奇心)!Scientistssaycuriousstudentsenjoystudyingmore.Theycanfindwaystomakeschoolsubjectsmoreenjoyable.Herearefoureasywaystostartwith.●Askquestions. 26Ifyoustudyphysics,wonderwhylighttravelsfasterthansound.WhenlearningChinese,askwhyTangpoemsremainsopopularinmodernChina.Questionsmakelearningmoreactiveandhelpyouunderstandbetter.●Connectlessonstoreallife.Findhowschoolsubjectsarepartofyourlife.27Englishisusefulwhenyoutravelabroad.Geographycanexplainweatherchangesandtheenvironmentaroundus.Whenyoufindknowledgeispractical,you’llwanttolearnmore.Makewordcardstoplaymemorygames.Puttogetherapuzzlemap(拼图)tolearnabouttheshapesofcountries.Useappsoronlinetoolstopracticespellingandgrammar.Learningbydoingfeelslikeplay,notwork.●Learnoutsideschool.Joinacommunitycentertolearntoplayanewsport.29Goingtoaparkorazooallowsyoutowatchplantsandanimalscarefullywhilelearningaboutthem.Differentwaysoflearningkeepyourbrainexcited.Startwithonewaytoday.You’llfindlearninguseful.30Remember,everysubjectbecomesinterestingwhenyou’recuriousaboutit.A．Developgoodhabits.B．Turnlearningintogames.C．Youwillalsofinditenjoyable.D．Mathhelpswhenyouareshopping.E．Alwaysask“why”whenlearningsomething.F．Visitmuseumstoseewhatlifewaslikeinthepast.G．Youshouldlistencarefullyinsteadofaskingquestions.第II卷(主观题共55分)第四部分词汇运用（共13小题；每小题1分，满分13分）第一节根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。31．WhenforeignerssawthebeautyofSuzhou,they(简直)couldn’tbelievetheireyes.32．Iwas(缺席)fromschoolduetoacoldlastTuesday.33．Ikeepiwhatitwouldbeliketowinthelottery(彩票)oneday.34．Theteachergaveuslotsof(建议)onhowtoimproveourEnglish.Theywereuseful.35．Suzhou,afamousareainChina,haslongbeenminmanyChinesepoemsforitsbeautifulstyle.36．Asciencecalled“ColorTherapy”studieshowpeople’sfeelingscanbeibydifferentcolors.37．TheMid-AutumnFestivalisanimportantdateinthelunarc.38．Manyyoungpeopletodayexpresstheirfeelingsandideastshortvideosonline.第二节将方框中所给词(词组)的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。formwhenhardbesupposedtobecomePapercuttinghasalonghistoryofover1,500years.Inthepast,everygirl39masterit.However,theancientart40isatriskofdisappearing.VoyoWoo,apapercuttingartist,works41andhopestobringtheartbacktolife.VoyoWoobegantostudytheartofpapercutting42shewas14yearsoldinherhometowninSoutheastChina.Sofar,she43afamouspapercuttingartist,keepingpapercuttingwell-known.第五部分短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。IwasreadingMaloryTowers,anovelthatwaswrittenbyEnidBlyton.Itwas44lastschool试卷第6页，共19页termforDarrellRivers,thenovel’smaincharacter.Thegirls45(talk)aboutwhattheyweregoingtodoaftertheyleftschool.Ilostinterestintheirconversation.I46(lead)tothinkaboutwhatitwasexactlythatIwantedtobecomewhenIgrewup.Whilesometeenagershavemadeaclearplanforthemselves,myfuturelookssomisty(模糊的)and47(certain).Therearesomanychoices.HowcanIbesurethatIwillendupchoosingalifethatisworthwhile(值得的)?ThestoryinMaloryTowersmovedon.48theheadgirloftheGirls’Boarding(寄宿)School,Darrellsaidtotheothergirls,“Oneday,youwillleavethisschoolandgooutintotheworldasyoung49(woman).Youshouldalwaysremember50(accept)responsibility.Youshouldtakewithyouagood51(understand)ofmanythingsandshow52(you)tobelovedandtrusted…”Yes.NomatterwhatjobIenduptaking,aslongasIowntheseexcellentqualities,I’msure53Iwillhaveabrightfuture.第六部分阅读表达（共3小题；1题2分，2题2分，3题3分，满分7分）阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题。Growingupisnotalwayseasy.Whenwefacedifficulties,aspiritofdependingonyourselfismoreusefulthancryingforhelp.That’swhatHongZhanhui’sstoryofgrowingfromboytomanwithfamilysufferingtellsus.Hongwasbornin1982inapoorfamilyinXihuaCounty,HenanProvince.Whenhewasonly11,hisfatherbecamebadlyillandonedayhecamebackwithanabandoned(被遗弃的)babygirl.AyearlaterHong’smotherlefthome.Shenolongerwantedtolivesuchapoorlifeandfacehersickhusband.Soeverythinghardfellontotheyoungboy’sshoulders:totakecareofhisfatherandthesisterChenchen,andtogoontostudy.Althoughhislifewashard,Hongdidn’tgoawayfromhisfatherandsister.Heworkedinpart-timejobstofeedhisfamily.Heclimbedtalltreestogetbird’seggsforhissister.Hewalkedtwohoursatweekendstothemarkettobuydifferentthingstosellaroundhisschool.Afewyearslater,hestudiedatacollege.TotakecareofChenchen,heworkedhardtohire(租)aroomnearhiscollegeforherandsenthertoschool.AfterHong’sstorywentpublic,hebecameaheroinpeople’seyes.ButHongrefusedoffersfromothers.Hesaidhefeltencouragedbykindoffers,buthecoulddependonhisownwork.Hong’sstoryshowsthatwithloveandwillpower,nohardship(艰苦)canknockapersondownbuthimself.Sowhenfacingdifficulties,don’tcomplainaboutbadluck.Considerwhatmoreyoucoulddoforyourfamilyandsocietyandyou’llfindtheworldsmilingback.54．WhendidHongZhanhui’smotherleavethefamily?WhydidHongZhanhuihirearoomnearhiscollege?WhatcanwelearnfromHong’sstory?第七部分书面表达（共1题；满分25分）试卷第7页，共19页试卷第8页，共19页57．同学们，健康的身体、愉悦的心情、真挚的友情是我们中学生活的宝贵财富和不竭动力。请你以“Howtobeahappystudent”为题，根据以下要点和要求，用英语写一篇短文。要点：1.结合自身经历，谈谈如何成为一名快乐的学生（至少3个方面2.简单阐述理由或观点。要求：1.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；2.词数100左右。Howtobeahappystudent第一部分完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asajuniorhighschoolstudent,IoftenhearsomestudentssayEnglishisdifficult,sotheycan’tlearnitwell.Butforme,Englishisafascinatingsubject.I’mgood1itandenjoyeverymomentofstudyingit.I’mverygladtotellyousome2abouthowIlearnedEnglishandhopeitcaninspire(激励)you.Firstofall,IthinkaninterestinEnglishisthekey.WhenIfirststartedlearningEnglishinGradeSeven,itwaslikeopeninganew3forme.Thenewlanguagewasfullofmysteries,andIwasdeeply4init.IrememberourfirstEnglishtest;Igotahighscoreandfeltso5!Thatexperienceimprovedmyconfidenceandmademeworkevenharder.OurEnglishteacheroftentaughtusEnglishsongs,and6ofthemsoundedbeautiful.Theymademerealizehow7Englishcouldbe!Secondly,Ibelievethatpracticemakesperfect.ToimprovemyEnglish,Ifollowedthesesteps:Listentotheteacher8inclass,readaloudeverydaytoimprovemypronunciation,andbuildupagoodvocabularybymemorizingnewwordseveryday.Then,Ipracticedspeakingandwritingoverandoveragain,nevergettingbored.9Ihadadoubt,IwouldunderstanditbyaskingdirectlywithourEnglishteacher.Finally,IhopemyEnglishlearningmethodscanbe10toyou.B.inon2．A．difficultyB.waysstoriesB.tripbook4．A．interestedB.interestingexcitedB.excitednervousB.bothnoneB.difficultwonderful8．A．carelesslyB.seriouslycarefully9．A．WhateverB.WheneverHoweverB.usefulcareful【答案】【导语】本文讲述了作者学习英语的方法：兴趣是关键、熟能生巧。1．句意：我擅长它，享受学习它的每一刻。at在；in在……里；on在……上。begoodat“擅长”，固定短语。故选A。2．句意：我很高兴告诉你一些关于我如何学习英语的方法，并希望它能启发你。difficulty困难；ways方法；stories故事。根据“howIlearnedEnglish”可知，是分享英语学习的一些方法。故选故选B。3．句意：七年级刚开始学英语的时候，对我来说就像打开了一扇新的门。door门；trip旅行；book书。根据“itwaslikeopeninganew…forme.”可知，是像打开了一扇新的大门。故选选A。4．句意：这种新语言充满了神秘，我对它深感兴趣。interested感兴趣的；interesting有趣的；excited兴奋的。beinterestedin“对……感兴趣”，为短语。故选A。55．句意：我记得我们的第一次英语考试；我得到了高分，感到非常兴奋！sad悲伤的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的。根据“Igotahighscore”可知，得了高分，感到很兴奋。故选BB。6．句意：我们的英语老师经常教我们英语歌曲，它们听起来都很美。all所有的；both两者都；none没有。根据“OurEnglishteacheroftentaughtusEnglishsongs,”可知，是所有的英语歌曲听起来都很美。故选A。7．句意：它们让我意识到英语可以有多么棒！试卷第9页，共19页试卷第10页，共19页boringboring无聊的；difficult困难的；wonderful很棒的。根据“ofthemsoundedbeautiful.”可知，是英文歌曲让作者意识到英语可以有多么棒。故选C。8．句意：上课认真听老师讲课，每天大声朗读以改善我的发音，并通过每天记忆新单词积累了良好的词汇量。carelessly粗心地；seriously严肃地；carefully仔细地。根据“Listentotheteacher”可知，是在课堂上认真听老师讲课。故选C。9．句意：每当我有疑问，我都会直接问我们的英语老师。Whatever无论什么；Whenever无论何时；However然而。根据“Ihadadoubt,”可知，是每当有疑问时，都会直接问英语老师。故选B。10．句意：最后，我希望我的英语学习方法对你有用。useless无用的；useful有用的；careful小心的。根据“myEnglishlearningmethodscanbe…toyou.”可知，是作者希望英语学习方法对你有用。故选B。第二部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALastweek,anewshoppingmallopenednearourneighborhood.Therearethousandsofproductsofallcolorsandshapesinthemall.Mostoftheproductsinthesupermarketareexpensive,butsometimesyoucangetreallycheaponesthere.ProductsPriceMadeofMadeinUsedforJacket¥60AhundredpercentcottonThailandKeepingoutthecoldUmbrella¥130ClothandmetalJapanProtectingpeopleagainstthesunCamera¥5000Glassandmetal(金属)GermanyTakingphotosHandbag¥2200Metalandleather(皮革)AmericaHoldingpersonalsmallthings11．Wherewasthejacketmade?A．Thailand.B．Japan.C．Germany.12．Whichproductisthemostexpensive?A．Theumbrella.B．Thecamera.C．Thehandbag.13．Whichofthefollowingisright?A．TheproductmadeinJapanisthecheapest.B．Theumbrellaisusedforprotectingpeopleagainsttherain.C．Thehandbagwasmadeofmetalandleather.【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了新开的购物中心里几种商品的相关信息，包括价格、制作材料、产地和用途等。11．细节理解题。根据表格中“Jacket”对应的“Madein”信息“Thailand”可知，夹克是泰国制造的。故选A。12．细节理解题。根据表格中各产品的价格信息，夹克60元，雨伞130元，相机5000元，手提包2200元，通过比较可知相机是最贵的。故选元，通过比较可知相机是最贵的。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据表格中“Handbag”对应的“Madeof”信息“Metalandleather(皮革)”可知，手提包是由金属和皮革制成的，所以C选项正确。故选C。B①Springbringswarmerweather,greenplants,andthereturnofbirdsong.Songbirdsarefamousfortheirspecialsongs,whichtheyusetoattractmatesandprotecttheirhomes.Buthowdobirdslearnthesesongs?Andwhatmotivates(激励)them?②Whentalkingaboutlearning,itisimportanttoknowthedifferencebetweenextrinsic(外在的)andintrinsicmotivation.Extrinsicmotivationcomesfromoutside,suchasrewardorpraise.Intrinsicmotivationcomesfrominside—thejoyoflearningsomethingnew.Althoughbothtypescanhelpuslearn,intrinsicmotivationoftenleadstodeeperandlonger-lastinglearning.Dopamine(多巴胺),abrainchemical,playsanimportantroleinsendingsignalsrelatedtolearning,reward,andmotivation.③Inordertounderstandhowintrinsicmotivationworks,aresearchteamfromDukeUniversityintheUSstudiedthedopamineflowinzebrafinches’brainswithoutanyextrinsicrewards.Theirfindings,publishedinNature,giveusideasabouthowbothbirdsandhumanslearn.④Duringthestudy,youngzebrafinches,whohadalreadymemorizedtheirfather’ssong,wereplacedaloneinsoundproofrooms.Theypracticedeverydayforamonth,singingupto10,000timesaday.Theirrandomchirps(随意的啁啾)slowlyturnedintonicemelodies.Whilethebirdspracticed,researchersmeasureddopaminelevelsintheirbasalganglia—abrainareawhichisimportantforlearningskills.Theyfoundthateverytimeabirdtriedtosing,dopaminewasreleased(释放).Itdidn’tmatterifthesingingwasbeautifulornot—thebirdsfeltasenseofsatisfactionsimplyfromtheactofpracticing.⑤Thebirds’effortstolearntheirsongswithoutintrinsicmotivationshowhowintrinsicmotivationoperates,leadingtosuccessfullearning.Beyonddopamine,theresearchersalsodiscoveredacetylcholine(乙酰胆碱)asanotherimportantchemicalmessengerintheprocess.⑥“Thesefindingsarealsotrueforotheranimals,includinghumans.”ProfessorJohnPearsonsaid,“Thebrainregionsandchemicals—likethebasalganglia,dopamine,andacetylcholine—arealsofoundinmice,monkeys,andhumans.”Bystudyinghowbirdslearntosing,wecanhaveabetterunderstandingofourselves.ItmayalsohelpresearchintobraindiseaseslikeParkinson’s,andskillslikeplayingmusicorsports.14．Whydidresearchersstudythezebrafinches’dopamineflow?A．Todiscoverhowbirdspracticesongs.B．Tounderstandwhatintrinsiclearningis.C．Toknowhowintrinsicmotivationoperates.D．Tofindoutwhichbrainareadopamineisfrom.15．AccordingtoParagraphs4&5,whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutthebirds’learningprocess?①Thereleaseofdopaminewasconnectedtosuccessfulperformance.②Aquietenvironmentwasnecessaryforthebirdstolearneffectively.③Thechemicalacetylcholinewasalsoinvolvedintheprocess.④Theeffortofpracticingitselfwaskeytoactivatingthebrain’srewardsystem.16．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Talentholdsgreatimportanceinmasteringanewskill.B．Aquietenvironmentlowersstressandimprovesnewskills.试卷第11页，共19页C．Extrinsicmotivationhasasharpinfluenceonlearningaskill.D．Thestudyofhowbirdslearnteachesusaboutlearningnewskills.17．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthispassage?B.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕鸟类练唱动机展开，通过斑胸草雀研究揭示其运作机制，说明该研究对于人类理解自身以及相关研究的价值。14．细节理解题。根据第三段首句“Inordertounderstandhowintrinsicmotivationworks,aresearchteam...studiedthedopamineflowinzebrafinches’brains...”可知，研究斑胸草雀的原因是为了理解内在动机如何运作。故选C。15．细节理解题。第四段中的最后一句“Itdidn’tmatterifthesingingwasbeautifulornot—thebirdsfeltasenseofsatisfactionsimplyfromtheactofpracticing.”对应选项中的④“练习本身会激活大脑奖励系统”；第五段中的最后一句“Beyonddopamine,theresearchersalsodiscoveredacetylcholineasanotherimportantchemicalmessengerintheprocess.”对应选项中的③“化学物质乙酰胆碱也参与了这个过程。”。故选D。16．推理判断题。根据“Bystudyinghowbirdslearntosing,wecanhaveabetterunderstandingofourselves.”以及“Itmayalsohelpresearchintobraindiseases…”可知，通过研究鸟类学习唱歌，我们可以更好地了解我们自己以及人类的大脑疾病。这表明对鸟类学习方式的研究能够启发我们对人类学习新技能的认知。故选D。17．篇章结构题。根据第一段的最后一句“Buthowdobirdslearnthesesongs?Andwhatmotivatesthem?”可知，是引出动机是什么的话题，自成一段；根据第二段的“extrinsicandintrinsicmotivation”可知，介绍了内在和外在两种动机，自成一段；根据第三段“Inor