《暖通空调施工技术》英语课件-项目五系统调试、试运行与验收（上）

暖通施工技术HVACConstructionTechnology调试的准备工作PreparatoryWorkforCommissioning主讲教师：Lecturer:调试的准备工作有哪些？Whatpreparatorytasksneedtobecompletedforcommissioning?空调安装完成后，还需要进行调试，检验系统的运转情况，施工安装和设备性能，以保证其能达到使用要求。Aftertheairconditioningsystemhasbeeninstalled,commissioningshallalsobeperformedtoinspectthesystem’soperationalstatus,constructionquality,andequipmentperformance,ensuringthatitmeetstheintendedusagerequirements.调试的准备工作PreparatoryWorkforCommissioning调试前的准备工作PreparatoryWorkPriortoCommissioning一I参加试运转的人员思想重视，分工明确，指挥统一。Allpersonnelinvolvedintrialoperationshalltaketheprocessseriously,havecleardivisionofresponsibilities,andensureunifiedcommand.制定试运转方案，报批后，严格按方案要求进行工作。Acommissioningplanshouldbedevelopedand,afterapproval,allworkshallbecarriedoutstrictlyinaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheplan.系统调试前，调试人员应熟悉空调系统的全部设计资料，包括图纸和设计说明书，充分领会设计意图，了解各种设计参数、系统的全貌及空调设备性能及使用方法等。Beforesystemcommissioning,commissioningpersonnelshouldfamiliarizethemselveswithalldesigndocumentsfortheairconditioningsystem,includingdrawingsanddesignspecifications,fullyunderstandthedesignintent,andbefamiliarwithalldesignparameters,systemconfiguration,equipmentperformance,andmethodsofoperation.按照设计和施工规范和质量评定标准的要求，全面检查已安装完工的系统。Acomprehensiveinspectionofthecompletedandinstalledsystemshouldbeconductedinaccordancewithdesignspecifications,constructionstandards,andqualityassessmentcriteria.调试前的准备工作PreparatoryWorkPriortoCommissioning试运转中所用的水、电等应具备可供使用的条件。Thewater,electricity,andotherutilitiesrequiredduringtrialoperationshallbeavailableandreadyforuse.试运转场地整洁，有标示牌，并准备好有关防护设施。Thetrialoperationsiteshallbecleanandorderly,clearlymarkedwithsignage,andequippedwithappropriateprotectivefacilities.准备好试运转过程中各种仪器、仪表及核验各种项目的记录表格。Allinstruments,meters,andrecordformsrequiredforverifyingvariousitemsduringthetrialoperationshallbepreparedinadvance.设备清洗合格，已注入符合要求和数量的润滑油，管道系统内部清理干净，各种调节阀、防火阀等动作灵活可靠。Allequipmentshallbecleanedandpassinspection,therequiredtypeandquantityoflubricatingoilshallbefilled,theinsideofthepipingsystemshallbeclean,andallregulatingvalvesandfiredampersshalloperatesmoothlyandreliably.各种送、回风口位置正确，内部的风阀和叶片已达到要求的开度和角度。Allsupplyandreturnairoutletsshallbecorrectlypositioned,andtheinternaldampersandbladesshallbesettotherequiredopeningandangle.调试前的准备工作PreparatoryWorkPriortoCommissioning冷却水和冷冻水、热水和蒸汽等系统，已进行了冲洗，达到洁净要求，并无泄漏现象。Systemsforcoolingwater,chilledwater,hotwater,andsteamshallbeflushedtomeetcleanlinessstandards,withnoleakspresent.制冷系统经过气密性试验，管路系统严密性达到标准要求。Therefrigerationsystemshallpassanair-tightnesstest,andthepipingsystemshallmeettherequiredstandardsfortightness.排水系统畅通无阻。Thedrainagesystemshallbeunobstructedandfree-flowing.配电箱和电动机等设备接线正确并试验完毕，性能符合规定的要求。Thewiringfordistributionboxes,motors,andotherequipmentshallbecorrectlyinstalled,tested,andmeetallspecifiedperformancerequirements.自控系统的敏感元件、调节器及执行机构等的安装位置正确，动作灵活，其性能达到了标准的要求。Theinstallationlocationsofsensitiveelements,regulators,andactuatorsintheautomaticcontrolsystemshallbecorrect,theiroperationshallbesmoothandresponsive,andtheirperformanceshallmeettherequiredstandards.调试前的准备工作PreparatoryWorkPriortoCommissioning系统调试具体的实施单位和调试方案都有哪些？Whatarethespecificcommissioningentitiesandplansforsystemcommissioning?调试的准备工作PreparatoryWorkforCommissioning系统调试实施单位和调试方案CommissioningEntitiesandCommissioningPlanfortheSystem二II实施单位应由施工单位负责，监理单位监督，供应商、设计单位与建设单位参与配合。系统调试的实施可以是施工企业本身或委托给具有调试能力的其他单位。Thecommissioningentityshouldbetheconstructioncontractor,withsupervisionbythesupervisionunit,andsupportandparticipationfromthesupplier,designunit,andtheprojectowner.Systemcommissioningmaybecarriedouteitherbytheconstructioncompanyitselforbyanotherqualifiedentitywiththenecessarycommissioningcapabilities.设计单位除应提供工程设计的参数，还应对调试过程中出现的问题提出明确的修改意见；监理和建设单位既能起到协调作用，又有助于工程的管理和质量验收。Inadditiontoprovidingthedesignparametersfortheproject,thedesigninstituteshouldalsoprovideclearmodificationrecommendationsforanyissuesencounteredduringthecommissioningprocess.Boththesupervisionunitandtheprojectownerplayacoordinatingroleandfacilitateprojectmanagementandqualityacceptance.系统调试前应编制调试方案，并应报送专业监理工程师审核批准。Acommissioningplanshallbepreparedpriortosystemcommissioningandsubmittedtotheprofessionalsupervisingengineerforreviewandapproval.系统调试实施单位和调试方案CommissioningEntitiesandCommissioningPlanfortheSystem系统概況SystemOverview调试工作内容ScopeofCommissioningWork调试步骤与方法CommissioningStepsandMethods安全与事故应急措施SafetyandEmergencyResponseMeasures仪器仪表的配备调试人员ProvisionofInstruments,Meters,andCommissioningPersonnel进度安排ProgressSchedule调试方案CommissioningPlan系统调试实施单位和调试方案CommissioningEntitiesandCommissioningPlanfortheSystem报送专业监理工程师审核批准Tobesubmittedtotheprofessionalsupervisingengineerforreviewandapproval现场安全措施On-SiteSafetyMeasures事故应急处理方案EmergencyResponsePlan调试方案CommissioningPlan系统调试实施单位和调试方案CommissioningEntitiesandCommissioningPlanfortheSystem通风与空调系统安装完毕，但是否能正常运行处于未知状态，应预先考虑好应急方案，以确保调试过程中人身与设备的安全。Althoughtheinstallationoftheventilationandairconditioningsystemmaybecomplete,whetheritcanoperateproperlyisstillunknown.Therefore,contingencyplansshouldbeinplaceinadvancetoensurethesafetyofpersonnelandequipmentduringcommissioning.调试方案CommissioningPlan系统调试实施单位和调试方案CommissioningEntitiesandCommissioningPlanfortheSystem系统调试的主要项目MainItemsforSystemCommissioning三III空调设备单机试运转及调试。Individualtrialoperationandcommissioningofairconditioningequipment.系统风量的测定与调整Measurementandadjustmentofsystemairvolume.空调水系统的测定和调整Measurementandadjustmentoftheairconditioningsystem.自动调节和监测系统的检验、调整与联动运行。Inspection,adjustment,andintegratedoperationoftheautomaticregulationandmonitoringsystem.室内参数的测定和调整。Measurementandadjustmentofindoorparameters.防排烟系统的测定与调整Measurementandadjustmentofthesmokecontrolandexhaustsystem.变制冷剂流量多联机系统联合试运行与调试Integratedtrialoperationandcommissioningofthevariablerefrigerantflow(VRF)system.变风量系统联合试运行与调试Integratedtrialoperationandcommissioningofthevariableairvolume(VAV)system.系统调试的主要项目MainItemsforSystemCommissioning调试所需仪器和仪表Instrumentsandmetersrequiredforcommissioning四IV声级计Soundlevelmeter温度计Thermometer湿度计Hygrometer热球风速仪Thermalanemometer叶轮式风速仪Vaneanemometer倾斜式微压差计Inclinedmanometer毕托管Pitottube超声波流量计Ultrasonicflowmeter钳形电流表Clamp-onammeter转速表Tachometer调试所需仪器和仪表Instrumentsandmetersrequiredforcommissioning调试前的准备工作：PreparationsBeforeCommissioning:增加企业经济效益Increasethecompany’seconomicbenefits调试的准备工作PreparatoryWorkforCommissioning发挥企业优势Leveragethecompany’sstrengths降低成本Reducecosts合理供应资源Allocateresourceseffectively提高调试效率Improvecommissioningefficiency赢得企业社会信誉Enhancethecompany’sreputationinsociety实现企业管理现代化等Achievemodernizationofenterprisemanagement,amongothers思考题ReflectionQuestion请你以某一实际项目为例，思考一下该项目的通风和空调系统在调试前应做好哪些准备工作。Takeareal-worldprojectasanexampleandthinkaboutwhatpreparationsshouldbemadepriortocommissioningtheventilationandairconditioningsystem.暖通施工技术HVACConstructionTechnology设备单机试运转及调试Single-unitEquipmentTrialOperationandCommissioning主讲教师：Lecturer:设备单机试运转及调试Single-unitequipmenttrialoperationandcommissioning为了确保通风与空调系统安全运转，在进行系统调试时，要先进行设备单机试运转和调试，及时发现问题并快速调整。Toensurethesafeoperationoftheventilationandairconditioningsystem,single-unittrialoperationandcommissioningshallbecarriedoutforeachpieceofequipmentbeforesystemcommissioning,sothatanyissuescanbeidentifiedandaddressedpromptly.需要进行单机试运转调试的设备包括：风机、水泵、空气处理机组、冷却塔、风机盘管、蒸汽压缩式制冷（热泵）机组等。Equipmentthatrequiresindividualtrialoperationandcommissioningincludes:fans,pumps,airhandlingunits,coolingtowers,fancoilunits,andsteamcompressionrefrigeration(heatpump)units,amongothers.案例导入Caseintroduction风机试运转Trialoperationofthefan一I试运转前的检查Pre-commissioninginspection核对规格、型号；Verifyspecificationsandmodels;检测风机电机绕组对地绝缘电阻应大于0.5MΩ；Theinsulationresistancebetweenthefanmotorwindingsandgroundshouldbegreaterthan0.5MΩ;风机及管道内应清理干净；Thefanandtheinsideoftheductworkshallbethoroughlycleaned;风机进、出口处柔性短管连接应严密，无扭曲；Theflexibleshortpipeconnectionsatthefaninletandoutletshouldbetightandfreeoftwisting;检查管道系统上阀门，按设计要求确定其状态；Checkthevalvesinthepipingsystemandsetthemaccordingtodesignrequirements;盘车无卡阻，并关闭所有人孔门；Rotatethefanbyhandtoconfirmitturnssmoothlyandensureallaccessdoorsareclosed;新风和一、二次回风口及加热器前的调节阀全开；Setthecontrolvalvesatthefreshairandprimaryandsecondaryreturnairinlets,aswellasinfrontoftheheater,tofullyopen;主、支管上多叶调节阀全打开，三通阀放中间部位，防火阀开启；Setthemulti-bladedampersonmainandbranchductstofullyopen,positionthethree-wayvalveinthemiddle,andensurethefiredampersareopen;送、回风口调节阀打开。Setthesupplyandreturnairdampervalvestotheopenposition.风机试运转Trialoperationofthefan通风机的启动Startingtheventilationfan启动时先点动，检查电动机旋转方向应正确；各部位应无异常现象，当有异常现象时，应立即停机检查，查明原因并消除。Whenstartingthefan,firstusejogmodetobrieflyenergizethemotorandcheckthatthedirectionofrotationiscorrect.Thereshouldbenoabnormalconditionsatanypart;ifanyabnormalityisobserved,thefanshallbestoppedimmediatelyforinspection.Identifyandresolvethecausebeforerestarting.

用电流表测量电动机的启动电流，待风机正常运转后，再测量电动机的运转电流，运转电流值应小于额定电流值。Useanammetertomeasurethemotor’sstartingcurrent.Oncethefanisrunningnormally,measuretherunningcurrent.Theoperatingcurrentshouldbelessthantheratedcurrent.

额定转速下的试运转应无异常振动与声响，连续试运转时间不应少于2h。Duringtrialoperationatratedspeed,thereshouldbenoabnormalvibrationornoise.Thefanshouldoperatecontinuouslyfornotlessthan2hours.

风机应在额定转速下连续运转2h后，测定滑动轴承外壳最高温度不超过70℃，滚动轴承外壳温度不超过75℃。Aftercontinuousoperationatratedspeedfor2hours,measurethebearinghousingtemperatures.Themaximumtemperatureforthesleevebearinghousingshouldnotexceed70°C,andtherollingbearinghousingtemperatureshouldnotexceed75°C.风机试运转Trialoperationofthefan水泵试运转Testrunofthewaterpump二II确认水泵及附件全部安装完毕；Ensurethatthepumpandallaccessoriesarefullyinstalled.各固定连接部位应无松动；Allfixedconnectionsshouldbesecureandfreefromlooseness.地脚螺栓固定牢靠，联轴器轴向倾斜和径向位移达到要求。Anchorboltsshallbefirmlysecured,andthecouplingshallmeetspecifiedrequirementsforaxialmisalignmentandradialdisplacement.试运转前的检查Pre-commissioninginspection水泵试运转Testrunofthewaterpump有预润滑要求的部位应按规定进行预润滑；Anycomponentsrequiringpre-lubricationshouldbepre-lubricatedaccordingtospecifications.各指示仪表、安全保护装置及电控装置均应灵敏、准确、可靠。Allindicatinginstruments,safetydevices,andelectricalcontrolsshouldbesensitive,accurate,andreliable.试运转前的检查Pre-commissioninginspection水泵试运转Testrunofthewaterpump检查水泵及管道系统上阀门的启闭状态，使系统形成回路。Checktheopenandclosedpositionsofvalvesonthepumpandpipingsystemtoensurethesystemformsacompletecircuit.阀门应启闭灵活。Valvesshouldoperatesmoothlyandeasily.检测水泵电机对地绝缘电阻应大于0.5MΩ。Theinsulationresistancebetweenthewaterpumpmotorandgroundshouldbegreaterthan0.5MΩ.确认系统已注满循环介质。Confirmthatthesystemhasbeencompletelyfilledwithcirculatingmedium.试运转前的检查Pre-commissioninginspection水泵试运转Testrunofthewaterpump试运行与调试TrialOperationandCommissioning

启动前，关闭出口阀门，打开入口阀门；启动后将出口阀门打开。附属管道系统阀门全打开。Beforestarting,closethedischargevalveandopenthesuctionvalve.Afterthepumpisstarted,graduallyopenthedischargevalve.Allvalvesintheauxiliarypipingsystemshouldbefullyopened.开始时使用点动停止的方法，检查水轮和泵壳面有无摩擦等不正常响声；水泵电机旋转方向应正确。Atthebeginning,usejogandstopmodetocheckforanyabnormalnoisessuchasfrictionbetweentheimpellerandpumpcasing.Therotationdirectionofthepumpmotorshallbecorrect.水泵试运转Testrunofthewaterpump启动水泵后，检查水泵紧固连接件有无松动，水泵运行有无异常振动和声响；电动机的电流和功率不应超过额定值。Afterstartingthepump,inspectallfasteningconnectionsforlooseness,andcheckforanyabnormalvibrationornoiseduringpumpoperation.Themotorcurrentandpowershouldnotexceedtheratedvalues.试运行与调试TrialOperationandCommissioning水泵试运转Testrunofthewaterpump启动水泵后，检查水泵紧固连接件有无松动，水泵运行有无异常振动和声响；电动机的电流和功率不应超过额定值。Afterstartingthepump,inspectallfasteningconnectionsforlooseness,andcheckforanyabnormalvibrationornoiseduringpumpoperation.Themotorcurrentandpowershouldnotexceedtheratedvalues.各密封处不应泄漏。在无特殊要求的情况下，机械密封的泄漏量不应大于10ml/h；填料密封的泄漏量不应大于60ml/h。Thereshouldbenoleakageatanysealingpoint.Unlessotherwisespecified,theleakagerateformechanicalsealsshouldnotexceed10ml/h,andforpackingsealsshouldnotexceed60ml/h.试运行与调试TrialOperationandCommissioning水泵试运转Testrunofthewaterpump水泵应连续运转2h后，测定滑动轴承外壳最高温度不超过70℃，滚动轴承外壳温度不超过75℃。Afterthepumphasbeenrunningcontinuouslyfor2hours,measurethebearinghousingtemperature.Themaximumtemperatureforsleevebearings

shallnotexceed70°C,andforrollingbearings

shallnotexceed75°C.试运行与调试TrialOperationandCommissioning水泵试运转Testrunofthewaterpump水泵应连续运转2h后，测定滑动轴承外壳最高温度不超过70℃，滚动轴承外壳温度不超过75℃。Afterthepumphasbeenrunningcontinuouslyfor2hours,measurethebearinghousingtemperature.Themaximumtemperatureforsleevebearingsshallnotexceed70°C,andforrollingbearingsshallnotexceed75°C.试运转结束后，应检查所有紧固连接部位，不应有松动。Attheendofthetrialrun,checkallfasteningandconnectingpartstoensurethereisnolooseness.试运行与调试TrialOperationandCommissioning水泵试运转Testrunofthewaterpump空气处理机组试运转与调试TrialOperationandCommissioningofAirHandlingUnits三III各固定连接部位应无松动。Allfixedconnectionsshouldbesecure,withnolooseness.轴承处有足够的润滑油，加注润滑油的种类和剂量应符合产品技术文件的要求。Thereshouldbesufficientlubricantinthebearings,andthetypeandamountoflubricantaddedshallcomplywiththeproduct’stechnicaldocumentation.试运转前的检查Pre-commissioninginspection空气处理机组试运转与调试TrialOperationandCommissioningofAirHandlingUnits机组内及管道内应清理干净。Theinsideoftheunitandallpipingshouldbethoroughlycleaned.用手盘动风机叶轮，观察有无卡阻及碰擦现象；再次盘动，检查叶轮动平衡，叶轮两次应停留在不同位置。Manuallyrotatethefanimpellerandcheckforanybindingorrubbing.Rotatetheimpelleragaintocheckfordynamicbalance;theimpellershouldstopatdifferentpositionseachtime.试运转前的检查Pre-commissioninginspection空气处理机组试运转与调试TrialOperationandCommissioningofAirHandlingUnits机组进、出风口处的柔性短管连接应严密、无扭曲。Flexibleconnectionsattheunit’sinletandoutletshouldbetightandfreefromdistortion.风管调节阀门启闭灵活，定位装置可靠。Dampersintheductworkshouldoperatesmoothly,andtheirpositionlockingmechanismsshallbereliable.检测电动机绕组对地绝缘电阻应大于0.5MΩ。Theinsulationresistancebetweenthemotorwindingsandgroundshouldbegreaterthan0.5MΩ.风阀、风口应全部开启；Allairdampersanddiffusersshouldbefullyopened.

三通调节阀应调到中间位置；

Thethree-waycontrolvalveshouldbesettothemiddleposition.

风管内的防火阀应放在开启位置；

Thefiredampersinsidetheductsshouldbeintheopenposition.

新风口、一次回风口前的调节阀应开启到最大位置。

Thecontrolvalvesinfrontofthefreshairinletandprimaryreturnairinletshouldbeopenedtothe

maximumposition.空气处理机组试运转与调试TrialOperationandCommissioningofAirHandlingUnits试运转与调试Trialoperationandcommissioning

启动时先"点动"，检查叶轮与机壳有无摩擦和异常声响，风机的旋转方向应与机壳上箭头所示方向一致。Whenstarting,firstusejogoperationtocheckforanyfrictionorabnormalnoisebetweentheimpellerandthehousing.Thefan’sdirectionofrotationshallmatchthearrowindicatedonthecasing.

用电流表测量电动机的启动电流，待风机正常运转后，再测量电动机的运转电流运转电流值应小于电动机额定电流值；如运转电流值超过电动机额定电流值，应将总风量节阀逐渐关小，直至降到额定电流值。Measurethemotor’sstartingcurrentwithanammeter.Afterthefanreachesnormaloperation,measuretherunningcurrentagain.Theoperatingcurrentshallbelessthanthemotor’sratedvalue;iftherunningcurrentexceedstheratedvalue,graduallyclosethemainairvolumecontrolvalveuntilthecurrentisreducedtotheratedvalue.

额定转速下的试运转应无异常振动与声响，连续试运转时间不应少于2h。Duringtrialoperationatratedspeed,thereshouldbenoabnormalvibrationornoise.Thefanshouldoperatecontinuouslyfornotlessthan2hours.空气处理机组试运转与调试TrialOperationandCommissioningofAirHandlingUnits冷却塔试运行Trialoperationofthecoolingtower四IV冷却塔试运转前应将冷却塔内清理干净，冷却水管道系统应无堵塞。Beforetrialoperation,theinteriorofthecoolingtowershallbethoroughlycleaned,andthecoolingwaterpipingsystemshallbefreeofblockages.用水冲洗冷却塔内部和冷却水管路系统，不得有漏水情况存在。Flushtheinsideofthecoolingtowerandthecoolingwaterpipingsystemwithwater.Thereshallbenowaterleakage.试运转前检查Pre-commissioninginspection冷却塔试运行Trialoperationofthecoolingtower自动补水阀动作要灵活、准确。Theautomaticmake-upwatervalveshalloperatesmoothlyandaccurately.冷却塔内的补给水位和溢流水位应符合设备技术文件的规定。Themake-upwaterlevelandoverflowlevelinsidethecoolingtowershallcomplywiththerequirementsspecifiedintheequipmenttechnicaldocumentation.检测电机绕组对地绝缘电阻应大于0.5MΩ。Theinsulationresistancebetweenthemotorwindingsandgroundshouldbegreaterthan0.5MΩ.用手盘动风机叶片，应灵活，无异常现象。Manuallyrotatethefanblades;theyshouldmovefreelyandwithoutanyabnormalities.试运转前检查Pre-commissioninginspection冷却塔试运行Trialoperationofthecoolingtower启动时先“点动”，检查风机的旋转方向应正确。Whenstarting,firstusejogoperationtocheckthatthefan’sdirectionofrotationiscorrect.运转平稳后，电动机的运行电流不应超过额定值，连续运转时间不应少于2h。Oncestableoperationisachieved,therunningcurrentofthemotorshallnotexceedtheratedvalue,andtheequipmentshouldruncontinuouslyfornolessthan2hours.冷却塔试运转Trialoperationofthecoolingtower冷却塔试运行Trialoperationofthecoolingtower检查冷却水循环系统的工作状态，并记录运转情况及有关数据，包括喷水的偏流状态，冷却塔出、人口水温，喷水量和吸水量是否平衡，补给水和集水池情况。Inspecttheoperatingconditionofthecoolingwatercirculationsystemandrecordtheoperatingstatusandrelevantdata,includingthedriftofthespraywater,inletandoutletwatertemperaturesatthecoolingtower,whetherthesprayandsuctionwatervolumesarebalanced,andthestatusofthemake-upwaterandcollectionbasin.冷却塔试运转Trialoperationofthecoolingtower冷却塔试运行Trialoperationofthecoolingtower测量冷却塔的噪声。在塔的进风口方向，离塔壁水平距离为一倍塔体直径及离地面高度1.5m处测量噪声，其噪声应低于产品铭牌额定值。Measurethenoiselevelofthecoolingtower.Measurethenoiseattheairintakesideofthetower,atahorizontaldistancefromthetowerwallequaltoonetowerdiameterandataheightof1.5metersabovetheground.Themeasurednoiselevelshallbelowerthantheratedvalueindicatedontheproductnameplate.试运行结束后，应清洗冷却塔集水池及过滤器。Afterthetrialruniscomplete,thecoolingtowercollectionbasinandfiltersshouldbecleaned.冷却塔试运转Trialoperationofthecoolingtower冷却塔试运行Trialoperationofthecoolingtower风机盘管机组试运转与调试Testoperationandcommissioningofthefancoilunit五V检查电动机绕组对地绝缘电阻应大于0.5MΩ。Checkthattheinsulationresistancebetweenthemotorwindingsandgroundisgreaterthan0.5MΩ.温控（三速）开关、电动阀、风机盘管线路连接正确。Thetemperaturecontrol(three-speed)switch,electricvalve,andfancoilunitwiringshallbecorrectlyconnected.试运转前检查Pre-commissioninginspection风机盘管机组试运转与调试Testoperationandcommissioningofthefancoilunit试运转与调试Trialoperationandcommissioning

启动时先"点动"，检查叶轮与机壳有无摩擦和异常声响。Whenstarting,firstusejogoperationtocheckforanyfrictionorabnormalnoisesbetweentheimpellerandthehousing.

将绑有绸布条等轻软物的测杆紧贴风机盘管的出风口，调节温控器高、中、低档转速送风，目测绸布条迎风飘动角度，检查转速控制是否正常。Pressatestrodwrappedwithasilkribbonorotherlightweightmaterialagainsttheairoutletofthefancoilunit.Adjustthethermostattohigh,medium,andlowfanspeeds,andobservetheangleatwhichtheribbonisblownbytheairflowtocheckwhetherspeedcontrolisfunctioningproperly.

调节温控器，检查电动阀动作是否正常，温控器内感温装置是否按温度要求正常运作。Adjustthethermostatandcheckiftheelectricvalveoperatescorrectlyandwhetherthetemperaturesensingelementinsidethethermostatrespondsasrequired.风机盘管机组试运转与调试Testoperationandcommissioningofthefancoilunit蒸汽压缩式制冷（热泵）机组试运转与调试Trialoperationandcommissioningofthevaporcompressionrefrigeration(heatpump)unit.六VI检查冷冻（热）水泵、冷却水泵、冷却塔、空调末端装置等相关设备已完成单机试运转与调试。Verifythatthechilled(hot)waterpumps,coolingwaterpumps,coolingtowers,andairconditioningterminalunitshaveallcompletedtheirindividualtrialoperationsandcommissioning.机组启动当天应具有足够的冷（热）负荷，满足调试需要。Onthedaytheunitisstarted,thereshallbesufficientcooling(orheating)loadtomeettherequirementsofthecommissioningprocess.电气系统工作正常。Theelectricalsystemshallbeoperatingproperly.蒸汽压缩式制冷（热泵）机组试运转与调试Trialoperationandcommissioningofthevaporcompressionrefrigeration(heatpump)unit试运转与调试Trialoperationandcommissioning制冷（热泵）机组启动顺序：冷却水泵→冷却塔→空调末端装置→冷冻（热）水泵→制冷（热泵）机组。Thestart-upsequencefortherefrigeration(heatpump)unitisasfollows:coolingwaterpump→coolingtower→airconditioningterminalunits→chilled(hot)waterpump→refrigeration(heatpump)unit.制冷（热泵）机组关闭顺序：制冷（热泵）机组→冷却塔→冷却水泵→空调末端装置→冷冻（热）水泵。Theshutdownsequencefortherefrigeration(heatpump)unitisasfollows:refrigeration(heatpump)unit→coolingtower→coolingwaterpump→airconditioningterminalunits→chilled(hot)waterpump.各设备的开启和关闭时间应符合制冷（热泵）机组的产品技术文件要求。Thetimingforstartingandstoppingeachpieceofequipmentshallcomplywiththerequirementsspecifiedintheproducttechnicaldocumentationfortherefrigeration(heatpump)unit.运行过程中，检查设备工作状态是否正常，有无异常的噪声、振动、阻滞等现象。Duringoperation,checkwhetherallequipmentisfunctioningnormally,andobserveforanyabnormalnoise,vibration,orobstructions.蒸汽压缩式制冷（热泵）机组试运转与调试Trialoperationandcommissioningofthevaporcompressionrefrigeration(heatpump)unit记录机组运转情况及主要参数，应符合设计及产品技术文件的要求，包括制冷剂液位、压缩机油位、蒸发压力和冷凝压力、油压、冷却水进出口温度及压力、冷冻（热）水进出口温度及压力、冷凝器出口制冷剂温度、压缩机进气和排气温度等。Recordtheunit’soperatingstatusandkeyparameters,whichshallmeetthedesignandproducttechnicaldocumentationrequirements.Theseincluderefrigerantlevel,compressoroillevel,evaporationpressure,condensingpressure,oilpressure,coolingwaterinletandoutlettemperatureandpressure,chilled(hot)waterinletandoutlettemperatureandpressure,condenseroutletrefrigeranttemperature,andcompressorsuctionanddischargetemperatures,amongothers.正常运转不少于8h。Continuousnormaloperationshallbemaintainedfornolessthan8hours.试运转与调试Trialoperationandcommissioning蒸汽压缩式制冷（热泵）机组试运转与调试Trialoperationandcommissioningofthevaporcompressionrefrigeration(heatpump)unit设备单机试运转及调试Single-unitequipmenttrialoperationandcommissioning在进行设备单机试运转和调试时，一定要严格遵守操作规程，强化安全意识，在确保措施可靠的同时，保证人员和设备安全Whenconductingindividualtrialoperationandcommissioningofequipment,itisessentialtostrictlyfollowtheoperatingprocedures,strengthensafetyawareness,andensurethatallsafetymeasuresarereliablesoastoguaranteethesafetyofbothpersonnelandequipment思考题ReflectionQuestion

请大家以某一实际项目为例，思考一下该项目的通风和空调系统在系统调试时，有哪些设备需要进行单机试运转及调试。

Pleasetakeaspecificprojectasanexampleandconsiderwhichpiecesofequipmentintheproject’sventilationandairconditioningsystemrequireindividualtrialoperationandcommissioningduringsystemcommissioning.暖通施工技术HVACConstructionTechnology系统风量的测定与调整MeasurementandAdjustmentofSystemAirVolume主讲教师：Lecturer:通风与空调系统风量的测定与调整是整个风与空调工程建设过程中的重要组成部分。Themeasurementandadjustmentofairflowinventilationandairconditioningsystemsisacrucialpartoftheentireconstructionprocessforventilationandairconditioningprojects.学习系统风量的测定与调整Studythemeasurementandadjustmentofsystemairflow系统风量的测定与调整Measurementandadjustmentofsystemairvolume.系统风量的测定和调整包括通风机性能的测定、送（回）风口风量的测定、系统风量的测定和调整。Measurementandadjustmentofsystemairflowincludedeterminingtheperformanceoftheventilationfan,measuringthesupply(orreturn)airvolumeatairoutlets,andmeasuringandadjustingtheoverallsystemairflow.案例导入Caseintroduction通风机性能的测定Determinationofventilationfanperformance一I通风机风量和风压的测量截面位置应选择在靠近通风机出口而气流均匀的直管段上，按气流方向，宜在局部阻力之后大于或等于4倍矩形风管长边尺寸（圆形风管直径）及局部阻力之前大于或等于1.5倍矩形长边尺寸（圆形风管直径）的直管段上。当测量截面的气流不均匀时，应增加截面上测点数量。Themeasurementsectionforairflowandairpressureoftheventilationfanshouldbeselectedatastraightsectionofductnearthefanoutletwheretheairflowisuniform.Inthedirectionofairflow,thissectionshouldbeatleastfourtimesthewidthoftherectangularduct(orfourtimesthediameterforroundducts)downstreamofanylocalresistance,andatleast1.5timesthewidth(ordiameter)upstreamofanylocalresistance.Iftheairflowatthemeasurementsectionisuneven,thenumberofmeasurementpointsonthecross-sectionshouldbeincreased.测定风机的全压时，应分别测定出风口端和吸风口端截面的全压平均值。通风机的风量为风机吸入端风量和出口端风量的平均值，且风机前后的风量之差不应大于5%，否则应重测或更换测量截面。Whenmeasuringthetotalpressureofthefan,theaveragetotalpressureatboththeoutletandinletcross-sectionsshouldbemeasuredseparately.Theairvolumeoftheventilationfanshouldbecalculatedastheaverageoftheairvolumeattheinletandoutlet.Thedifferenceinairvolumebeforeandafterthefanshouldnotexceed5%;otherwise,themeasurementshouldberepeatedoradifferentmeasurementsectionshouldbeselected.通风机性能的测定Determinationofventilationfanperformance通风机的转速测定宜采用转速表直接测量风机主轴转速，重复测量3次，计算平均值。现场无法用转速表测风机转速时，宜根据实测电动机转速按式5-1换算出风机的转速：n1=n2D2/D1Fanspeedshouldpreferablybemeasureddirectlyatthefanshaftusingatachometer.Themeasurementshouldberepeatedthreetimes,andtheaveragevaluecalculated.Ifitisnotpossibletomeasurethefanspeeddirectlywithatachometeronsite,thefanspeedmaybecalculatedbasedonthemeasuredmotorspeedusingformula5-1:n1=n2D2/D1式中

n1——通风机的转速（r/min);Where

n1—fanspeed(r/min); n2——电动机的转速（r/min); n2—motorspeed(r/min); D1——风机皮带轮直径（mm); D1—diameterofthefanpulley(mm); D2——电动机皮带轮直径（mm)。 D2—diameterofthemotorpulley(mm).宜采用功率测试电动机输入功率，输入功率应小于电动机额定功率，超过时应分析原因，并调整风机运行工况达到设计点。Itisrecommendedtouseapo