河南省商丘市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省商丘市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheScientist’sTopInnovationsThecompetitionaimstopresentthelatestadvancementsinlifesciencetechniquesandproducts.Fromgame-changinginstrumentstofreshtakesonestablishedapproaches,theannualwinnersreflecttechnologiessettodriveresearchandhealthcareahead.Wewelcomeyoursubmissions(提交),fromcompaniesorindividuals.Bringingmoreinnovationstoyouin2025Everyyear,thecompetitorsprovehowrichthelifescienceinnovationlandscapehasbecome.Tospotlightanevenbroaderrangeofgroundbreakinginnovations,thisyearwehaveintroducedfourdifferentcategories(类别)forourcompetition.LabResearchTools:InnovationsthatsupportgroundbreakingresearchinavarietyoflifesciencefieldsBiotechnology:Advancementsintherapeutics,biomanufacturing,agriculture,andbeyondHealthcareandDiagnostics:Diagnostictests,medicaldevices,andmorestrivingtobringhealthcaretothenextlevelEmergingStartupTechnologies:ThenewestinnovationslookingtodisruptthemarketSubmittingisquickandeasy.Justtelluswhyyourinnovationreceivesrecognitioninoneofthefourcontestcategories.ThesubmissionwindowhasbeenextendedtoThursday,July31,soenternow!WhyparticipateWestartedtheTopInnovationscompetitionin2008,andovertheyearswehavehonoredsomeamazingproductsandtechnologies.OurTopInnovationswinnersdonotjustdrawpublicattentionwhentheycomeonthescene.Theygainindustry-widerecognitionandhavealong-lastingeffectonresearch.1.Whatisthepurposeofthecompetition?A.Toshowthenewestprogressinlifescience.B.Topickouttalentedstudentsintheschool.C.Toincreasepublicawarenessoffoodwaste.D.Toactasabridgebetweenschoolandscience.2.Whichisaruleforsubmittingyourentry?A.Makesureitincludestwodifferentcategories.B.Signupforthecompetitionunderacompany.C.Explainwhyitisrecognizedinonecategory.D.Giveadetailedintroductiontothecompetitor.3.Whatcanweknowaboutthecontestwinners?A.Theymanagetostarttheirownbusinesses.B.Theyaremainlyfromhigh-techcompanies.C.Theyarethebestinthemedicalcommunity.D.Theyhaveafar-reachingimpactonresearch.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍“科学家顶级创新大赛”，包括比赛目的、类别、提交规则及获胜者影响。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thecompetitionaimstopresentthelatestadvancementsinlifesciencetechniquesandproducts.(该竞赛旨在展示生命科学技术和产品的最新进展)”可知，竞赛目的是展示生命科学的最新进展。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Justtelluswhyyourinnovationreceivesrecognitioninoneofthefourcontestcategories.(只需告诉我们为什么您的创新在四个竞赛类别之一中获得认可)”可知，提交参赛作品的规则是解释它为何在某一类别中获得认可。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“OurTopInnovationswinnersdonotjustdrawpublicattentionwhentheycomeonthescene.Theygainindustry-widerecognitionandhavealong-lastingeffectonresearch.(我们的顶级创新获奖者不仅在亮相时吸引公众关注。他们会获得行业广泛认可，并对研究产生持久影响)”可知，竞赛获胜者对研究有深远影响。故选D项。BImaginealivelysetting,fulloflaughterandcuriosity.ThatwasthesceneandsoundsofmyclassroomasIguidedyoungmindsthroughdifferentadventures.Atourschool’slearningcenter,Iledaprogramthatrangedfromsimpleartprojectsandsportsgamestohands-onscienceexperiments.Wepaintedcolorfulpictures,kickedsoccerballsacrossthefield,andwatchedvinegarandbakingsodafizzinclearcups.Everyactivityturnedourclassroomintoaplacefordiscoveryandfun.IenjoyedspendingtimewiththekidsIwashelpingandlearningalongside.Thatwasmyfavoritepartabouttheprogram.Onememorableclassinvolvedmakingbubbles(肥皂泡).Thechildrenranafterthefloatingbubbles,shoutingwithdelight,andIfeltlikeachildagain,caughtupintheirwonder.Thatsimplegameshowedmehowsmalljoyscanturnanormaldayintosomethingspecial.Thepositiveeffectofourclassesrippledthroughouttheschool.Otherstudentsnoticedhowhappyourclassroomsounded.Theybegantojoinin,andsoontheentirelearningcenterfeltwarmerandmorewelcoming.However,asIstartedthisjourney,Ifoundithardtostaycalmwhenthechildrenbecamenoisy.ButasIspentmoretimewiththem,Ilearnedpatience,kindness,andhowtoshowempathy(同理心).Idiscoveredthatgentlewordsandclearinstructionscouldturndisorderintoorder.My“littlefriends”taughtmeasmuchasItaughtthem.Theenergyandjoythatfilledtheroomnotonlyimpactedthechildrenbutleftalong-lastingmarkonme.Theymademerealizethateducationgoesbeyondtextbooks.It’saboutcaringforeachstudent,fanningtheircuriosity,anddiscoveringthewondersoftheworld,oneactivityatatime.4.Whatisafeatureoftheprogram?A.Itfocusesonappreciatingart. B.Itleadsstudentstolovenature.C.Itholdsvariousfunactivities. D.Itteachesstudentshowtocook.5.Whydoestheauthormentiontheclassaboutmakingbubbles?A.Toremindushowtoactlikeachild.B.Torecallthemomentinherchildhood.C.Tohighlightthejoyofteachingkids.D.Toexplaintheimportanceofteamwork.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rippled”inparagraph4mean?A.Shook. B.Spread. C.Differed. D.Ended.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sstory?A.Teachingislearning. B.Thinktwicebeforeyouact.C.Hardworkpaysoff. D.Amissisasgoodas.amile.【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在学校学习中心带领孩子们参与各种有趣活动，在教学过程中收获快乐与成长。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Atourschool’slearningcenter,Iledaprogramthatrangedfromsimpleartprojectsandsportsgamestohands-onscienceexperiments.Wepaintedcolorfulpictures,kickedsoccerballsacrossthefield,andwatchedvinegarandbakingsodafizzinclearcups.Everyactivityturnedourclassroomintoaplacefordiscoveryandfun.(在我们学校的学习中心，我带领开展了一个项目，内容从简单的艺术项目、体育游戏到亲自动手的科学实验。我们画色彩斑斓的画，在操场上踢足球，还观察醋和小苏打在透明杯子里冒泡。每一项活动都把我们的教室变成了一个充满发现和乐趣的地方)”可知，该项目的特点是举办各种有趣的活动。故选C项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Onememorableclassinvolvedmakingbubbles(肥皂泡).Thechildrenranafterthefloatingbubbles,shoutingwithdelight,andIfeltlikeachildagain,caughtupintheirwonder.Thatsimplegameshowedmehowsmalljoyscanturnanormaldayintosomethingspecial.(一堂令人难忘的课是制作肥皂泡。孩子们追逐着漂浮的肥皂泡，高兴地大喊大叫，我也仿佛又变成了一个孩子，沉浸在他们的惊奇之中。这个简单的游戏让我明白，小小的快乐能把平凡的一天变得特别)”可知，作者提到制作肥皂泡的课是为了突出教孩子们时的快乐。故选C项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Otherstudentsnoticedhowhappyourclassroomsounded.Theybegantojoinin,andsoontheentirelearningcenterfeltwarmerandmorewelcoming.(其他学生注意到我们教室充满了欢乐的氛围。他们开始加入进来，很快整个学习中心都感觉更温暖、更受欢迎了)”可知，“rippled”所在句表示课程的积极影响在学校传播开来，所以“rippled”意思是“传播”，与“Spread”意思相近。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“My“littlefriends”taughtmeasmuchasItaughtthem.(我的“小朋友们”教会我的和我教给他们的一样多)”以及最后一段“Theenergyandjoythatfilledtheroomnotonlyimpactedthechildrenbutleftalong-lastingmarkonme.Theymademerealizethateducationgoesbeyondtextbooks.It’saboutcaringforeachstudent,fanningtheircuriosity,anddiscoveringthewondersoftheworld,oneactivityatatime.(教室里洋溢的活力与喜悦不仅影响了孩子们，也给我留下了深刻且持久的印记。这些让我意识到，教育远不止于课本知识。它关乎关爱每一位学生，激发他们的好奇心，通过一项又一项活动，去探索世界的奇妙之处)”可知，作者在教孩子们的过程中自己也收获了成长，明白了教育不仅仅是教课本知识，所以从作者的故事中我们可以学到“教学相长”。故选A项。CPeopleoftenaskAngelaDuckworthwhatresultsinsuccess.It’sanunderstandablequestion,giventhepioneeringworkDuckworth,apsychologistattheUniversityofPennsylvania,hasdoneintheareaofgrit—thepassionanddeterminationtokeepworkingtowardlong-termgoals.ButDuckworth’srecentresearchwithteamsatDukeUniversityandWestPointshowsthatgritisonlypartofthepicture.Inastudyofmorethan11,000cadets(学员)overtenyears,theresearchersmeasuredthreemainqualities:cognitive(认知的)ability(usingSATorACTscores),grit(usingDuckworth’stwelve-questionGritScale),andphysicalfitness(timedruns,pull-ups,andsit-ups).Theyalsorecordedwhichcadetsfinishedthesix-week“BeastBarracks”training,andgraduatedinfouryears,andtheirgradesinacademic,military,andphysicaltests.“Wegatheredallthisdatainpartsowecouldanswermoredefinitivelythequestionofwhethergritbroughtaboutsuccessoutcomes.Atthesametime,wewantedtoexplorewhere,perhaps,gritwasn’tthemostimportantfactor,”saysDuckworth.DuringBeastBarracks,forexample,gritisextremelyimportant.Butduringthefouryearsofcombinedclassroomtimeandphysicaltrainingthatfollow,cognitiveabilityisthestrongestpredictorofacademicgrades.Finally,gritandphysicalabilityplayagreaterrolethancognitiveabilityindeterminingwhowillgraduatefromWestPointinfouryearsversuswhomightleavebeforethen.Duckworthstressesthatgritisnottheonlydeterminantofsuccess.Grithelpspeoplepushthroughhardmoments,butintelligenceandphysicalstrengthalsoshapelong-termoutcomes.Forschoolsandcompanies,thismeansonlydependingontestscoresmissesotherimportantqualities.Duckworthandherteamarenowdevelopingnewtoolstomeasurenoncognitiveabilitylikekindnessandcuriosity.Byrecognizingthevalueofdifferentstrengths—grit,health,andcharacter—wecanbettersupportpeopleinachievingtheirgoals.Itturnsoutthatsuccesscomesfromlearningtobalanceanddevelopallofthesequalitiestogether.8.Howdoestheauthorexplaintheidea“grit”inparagraph1?A.Bygivingadefinition. B.Bylistingfigures.C.Byusingexamples. D.Bydescribingaprocess.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inparagraph2referto?A.Sportsmen. B.Researchers. C.Armycadets. D.Fitnesscoaches.10.WhatdoesDuckworth’srecentstudyfind?A.Gritistheonlydeterminantofsuccess. B.Physicalstrengthisourfirstchoice.C.Cognitiveabilityplaysadecisiverole. D.Eachqualitymattersatdifferentstages.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatMakesaHappyLife B.WhatLeadstoSuccessC.HowtoPickupCourage D.HowtoBuildConfidence【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了心理学家AngelaDuckworth及其团队的研究，该研究指出成功并非仅由坚毅决定，认知能力、身体素质等也起着关键作用，强调要综合多种素养才能更好助力人们实现人生目标。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段的内容“It’sanunderstandablequestion,giventhepioneeringworkDuckworth,apsychologistattheUniversityofPennsylvania,hasdoneintheareaofgrit—thepassionanddeterminationtokeepworkingtowardlong-termgoals.(考虑到宾夕法尼亚大学心理学家Duckworth在毅力领域所做的开创性工作，这是一个可以理解的问题——毅力是指为实现长期目标而持续工作的热情和决心)”可知，作者通过直接给出“grit”的定义来解释这个概念，即毅力是指为实现长期目标而持续工作的热情和决心。故选A。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Inastudyofmorethan11,000cadets(学员)overtenyears,theresearchersmeasuredthreemainqualities:cognitive(认知的)ability(usingSATorACTscores),grit(usingDuckworth’stwelve-questionGritScale),andphysicalfitness(timedruns,pull-ups,andsit-ups).(在一项针对11000多名学员进行的为期十年的研究中，研究人员测量了三种主要品质：认知能力（使用SAT或ACT分数）、毅力（使用Duckworth的12个问题毅力量表）和身体素质（定时跑步、引体向上和仰卧起坐）)”可知，研究人员在军校学员中进行了这项研究，并测量了他们的认知能力、毅力和身体素质。根据划线词所在的句子“They

alsorecordedwhichcadetsfinishedthesix-week“BeastBarracks”training,andgraduatedinfouryears,andtheirgradesinacademic,military,andphysicaltests.(他们还记录了哪些学员完成了为期六周的“猛兽训练营”训练，并在四年内毕业，以及他们在学业、军事和体能测试中的成绩)”可知，研究人员也记录了学员的其他情况，故划线词指代的是“研究人员”。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“DuringBeastBarracks,forexample,gritisextremelyimportant.Butduringthefouryearsofcombinedclassroomtimeandphysicaltrainingthatfollow,cognitiveabilityisthestrongestpredictorofacademicgrades.(例如，在‘野兽兵营’期间，毅力极其重要。但在随后的四年课堂学习和体能训练相结合的时间里，认知能力是学业成绩的最强预测因素)”和“Finally,gritandphysicalabilityplayagreaterrolethancognitiveabilityindeterminingwhowillgraduatefromWestPointinfouryearsversuswhomightleavebeforethen.(最后，在决定谁能在四年内从西点军校毕业，谁可能在此之前离开的问题上，毅力和体能比认知能力发挥着更大的作用)”以及第四段中“Duckworthstressesthatgritisnottheonlydeterminantofsuccess.Grithelpspeoplepushthroughhardmoments,butintelligenceandphysicalstrengthalsoshapelong-termoutcomes.(Duckworth强调，毅力不是成功的唯一决定因素。毅力帮助人们度过艰难的时刻，但智力和体力也塑造了长期的结果)”可知，Duckworth最近的研究发现，毅力只是成功的一部分，认知能力和身体素质在不同阶段对成功也有重要影响。因此，她的研究发现每个品质在不同阶段都起着重要作用。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“

ButDuckworth’srecentresearchwithteamsatDukeUniversityandWestPointshowsthatgritisonlypartofthepicture.(但杜克大学和西点军校的研究团队近期与Duckworth合作开展的研究表明，坚毅只是其中的一部分)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了心理学家Duckworth关于毅力的研究，以及她最近与杜克大学和西点军校团队合作的研究发现，即毅力只是成功的一部分，不同的品质在不同的阶段都很重要。因此，B选项“WhatLeadstoSuccess(什么导致了成功)”概括文章主要内容，可以作为最佳标题。故选B。DWalkingaroundmostlargecitiesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates,youmayfinditeasyandcheaptogetsharedbikesandcarsreadytousewithataponyourphone—unlessyouareolder,haveadisability,lackasmartphoneorcreditcard,orliveinapoorerneighborhood.Theseservicesusuallyappearinricherareasandoftencan’thandlewheelchairsorchildseats.Asaresult,mostridersareyoung,able-bodied,well-off,andmale.Sharedmobilitycouldbeakeypartofamoresustainable(可持续的)transportationsystem.Ifsharedmobilitycouldworkforeveryone,itmightcutcitytrafficbyasmuchas90percentandreducetransportemissions(排放)byhalf.Buttoday,privatecarsstillcover61percentofalltravelintheGlobalNorth.Tomovemorepeopleawayfromprivatecarstosharedonesisanimportantfirststep,becausealotofpeopleareleftouttoday.A2019studyof10UScities,forexample,showedthatafifthoflow-incomeAmericansstilldon’thaveasmartphoneandalmostaquarterdon’thaveabankaccount—bothnecessaryforusingmostsharedmobilityservices.A2017surveyinPhiladelphia,ChicagoandBrooklynshowedthatlow-incomepeoplearejustasinterestedinbikesharingasothergroups,butlesslikelytousesuchasystem:While10percentofhigher-incomepeopleweremembersofabikesharesystem,onlytwopercentoflower-incomepeoplewere.Howcanwebridgetheaccessibilitygap?InseveralUScities,low-incomesubsidy(补贴)programshaveincreasedbikeshareuseamongunderservedgroups.InBuffalo,NewYork,anorganizationlaunchedan“E-BikeLibrary”using3,000e-bikesretiredbyaprivatecompany.71percentofitsmemberstriede-bikesforthefirsttime,and84percentwerelow-incomepeople.Simplefixescanmakeabigdifference.Whenmobilityprovidersincludediversevoicesinplanningandcaremoreaboutusers’needs,theybuildservicesthatworkforeveryone.Inthatcase,sharedmobilitycanbecometrulyfair,green,andeffective.12.Whatdoestheauthorintendtopointoutinparagraph1?A.Kidsshouldrespectwheelchairusers. B.Peoplearegluedtotheirmobilephones.C.Accesstosharedmobilityisunequal. D.It’shardtofindasharedcarintheUS.13.WhatpercentageofalltravelintheGlobalNorthdoprivatecarsaccountfor?A.50%. B.61%. C.75%. D.90%.14.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thechallengesfacingsharedmobility. B.Asignificantincreaseinpeople’sincome.C.Thedownsideofthebikeshareservice. D.Achangeinpersonalpreferenceforbikes.15.Whatdoestheauthorexpectmobilityproviderstodo?A.Fixbrokenbikesintime. B.Putmoreeffortintoe-cars.C.Voicetheirviewsontravel. D.Meetcustomers’realneeds.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨共享出行在普及过程中存在的不平等问题以及如何解决以实现公平、绿色和高效。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“WalkingaroundmostlargecitiesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates,youmayfinditeasyandcheaptogetsharedbikesandcarsreadytousewithataponyourphone—unlessyouareolder,haveadisability,lackasmartphoneorcreditcard,orliveinapoorerneighborhood.Theseservicesusuallyappearinricherareasandoftencan’thandlewheelchairsorchildseats.(在欧洲和美国的大多数大城市里走动，你可能会发现只需在手机上轻点一下，就能轻松且廉价地使用共享单车和共享汽车——除非你年纪较大、有残疾、没有智能手机或信用卡，或者生活在较贫困的社区。这些服务通常出现在较富裕的地区，而且往往无法适配轮椅或儿童座椅)”可知，作者通过描述不同人群使用共享出行服务的差异，意在指出共享出行的使用机会不平等。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Buttoday,privatecarsstillcover61percentofalltravelintheGlobalNorth.(但如今，在北半球，私家车出行仍占所有出行方式的61%。)”可知，在北半球，私家车占所有出行的61%。故选B项。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“A2019studyof10UScities,forexample,showedthatafifthoflow-incomeAmericansstilldon’thaveasmartphoneandalmostaquarterdon’thaveabankaccount—bothnecessaryforusingmostsharedmobilityservices.A2017surveyinPhiladelphia,ChicagoandBrooklynshowedthatlow-incomepeoplearejustasinterestedinbikesharingasothergroups,butlesslikelytousesuchasystem:While10percentofhigher-incomepeopleweremembersofabikesharesystem,onlytwopercentoflower-incomepeoplewere.(例如，2019年对美国10个城市的一项研究表明，五分之一的低收入美国人仍然没有智能手机，近四分之一的人没有银行账户——这两者都是使用大多数共享出行服务所必需的。2017年在费城、芝加哥和布鲁克林进行的一项调查显示，低收入人群与其他群体一样对共享单车感兴趣，但使用这种系统的可能性较小：高收入人群中有10%是共享单车系统的会员，而低收入人群中只有2%是)”可知，该段主要通过研究和调查数据表明低收入人群使用共享出行服务存在困难，即共享出行面临的挑战。故选A项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Whenmobilityprovidersincludediversevoicesinplanningandcaremoreaboutusers’needs,theybuildservicesthatworkforeveryone.(当出行服务提供商在规划中纳入不同的声音，并更多地关注用户的需求时，他们就能打造出适合每个人的服务)”可知，作者期望出行服务提供商满足客户的实际需求。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouorderupcoffeeonamobileappwhilescrolling(滚屏)yoursocialfeeds,orcan’tstopwatchingvideosandreadingnewsarticlesonyourphoneatbedtime,listenup!____16____.Sohowcanwegetdisconnected?Hereareafewwaystoeaseuponyourscreentime.·____17____.Sincemostofuscan’tturnofftheInternet,takelittlebreaks,andbeginwithbabysteps.Ifyoucanstartwith30minuteshere,or20minutesthere,trytoseeifyoucanincreasetheseonaweeklybasis.·Consideradigitaldetox(戒除).Pickonedayaweektoturnoffyourphone,exceptforwhatyouneedtostayintouchwithothers.Orchooseatime,likemealtimesorafterworkintheevenings,tobewithfamilyorfriendsinperson.____18____.·Trya“boring”phone.Ifyou’rereallyfedupandwanttotrysomethingnew,considerswitchingtoa“boring”phone,liketheoldflipphones(翻盖手机)manyofususedtodependon.____19____.However,scrollingisalotlessexciting.·Pickupanewphone-freeactivity.____20____.Takeuparelaxinghobbyormakearegulardatewithafriendforaphonecall.Tryleavingyourphoneathomeandseehowyoufeel.Themorewegiveourselvespermissiontodisconnect,themorelikelythosearounduswillfollow.A.TakeshortbreaksB.SpareyourselfunnecessarymeetingsC.ThatwayyoustillhavecallingandtextingD.It’sworthsettingnewhabitsinyourofflinelifeE.AskforWi-FiconnectionswhenyougotoacoffeeshopF.PromisetobefullythereandfocusonthemomentwiththemG.It’sareminderofhowdependentwe’vebecomeonourmobilephones【答案】16.G17.A18.F19.C20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了减少看屏幕时间的几种方法。【16题详析】根据上文“Ifyouorderupcoffeeonamobileappwhilescrolling(滚屏)yoursocialfeeds,orcan’tstopwatchingvideosandreadingnewsarticlesonyourphoneatbedtime,listenup!(如果你一边在手机应用上下单咖啡，一边在社交平台上刷动态，或者在睡前不停地在手机上看视频、读新闻文章，请注意了！)”可知，选项承接前文过度使用手机的行为，说明前文行为体现了对手机的高度依赖。故G选项“这提醒着我们对手机的依赖程度有多高”符合语境，故选G。【17题详析】根据下文“Sincemostofuscan’tturnofftheInternet,takelittlebreaks,andbeginwithbabysteps.Ifyoucanstartwith30minuteshere,or20minutesthere,trytoseeifyoucanincreasetheseonaweeklybasis.(由于我们大多数人不能关闭网络，那就进行短暂休息，从小事做起。如果你能在这里开始休息30分钟，或者在那里休息20分钟，试着看看是否能每周增加时长)”可知，本段主要在说要休息。A选项“进行短暂休息”符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选A。【18题详析】根据上文“Pickonedayaweektoturnoffyourphone,exceptforwhatyouneedtostayintouchwithothers.Orchooseatime,likemealtimesorafterworkintheevenings,tobewithfamilyorfriendsinperson.(每周选一天关闭手机，除了用于与他人保持联系的必要功能。或者选择像用餐时间或下班后晚上的时间，亲自与家人或朋友相处)”可知，选项承接前文与家人朋友相处的内容，说明在这些时间要专注与他们在一起，而不是依赖手机。故F选项“承诺全身心投入，专注与他们共度当下”符合语境。故选F。【19题详析】根据上文“Trya“boring”phone.Ifyou’rereallyfedupandwanttotrysomethingnew,considerswitchingtoa“boring”phone,liketheoldflipphones(翻盖手机)manyofususedtodependon.(尝试一部“乏味”的手机。如果你真的受够了，想尝试新东西，可以考虑换成一部“乏味”的手机，比如我们很多人过去常用的翻盖手机)”及下文“However,scrollingisalotlessexciting.(然而，滚动屏幕就没那么令人兴奋了)”可知，选项承上启下，说明翻盖手机虽然功能相对简单，但基本的通讯功能具备，引出后文其滚动屏幕不令人兴奋，从而减少对手机的依赖。故C选项“这样你仍然可以打电话和发短信”符合语境，故选C。【20题详析】根据下文“Takeuparelaxinghobbyormakearegulardatewithafriendforaphonecall.Tryleavingyourphoneathomeandseehowyoufeel.(培养一种放松的爱好，或者定期与朋友打电话。试着把手机留在家里，看看你的感受)”可知，选项引出后文关于培养无手机新活动，即线下新习惯的具体做法。D选项“在你的线下生活中养成新习惯是值得的”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Walkingintoschoolonthefirstdayoffifthgrade,mylegsfeltweakandmyhandswereshaking.Iwasso____21____thatIcouldfeelmyheartbeatingrapidly.Somehow,Iknewthisschoolyearwouldbedifferent,butIhadnoideathe____22____impactitwouldhaveonme.TonyHarrisonquickly____23____myuneasinesswithhiswarmwelcomeandabigsmileonhisface.“Welcometofifthgrade!Takeanyseat,”hesaid.Mr.H,ashepreferredtobecalled,wasan____24____teacherandhemadelearningexcitingwithhisfunideas.Ihadalwaysdisliked____25____,butsomehowMr.Hmadeitattractiveforme.Itdidnotmatterifyouwerethebestorworst____26____intheclass,hemadeyoufeelspecial.Smileyfaceswerehistrademark.Whenhesignedmyyearbook,he____27____asmileyfaceonit.Iwas____28____hedidthesameineveryone’sbook.Yearslater,wheneverIsawsmileyfaceemojis,theyimmediately____29____meofMr.H.I_____30_____Mr.H’sinfluenceonmewhenIstartedmyfirst_____31_____inhighschool.Evenworkinginthemailroom,Ihadtheabilityto_____32_____othersandtheirday.EverydayI_____33_____themailstoallthedepartmentsandIenjoyedgreetingand_____34_____ateveryone.Ateacherevencalledme“Smiley”whenIdeliveredamailtohisdesk.Itmademelaugh,butIsecretly_____35_____it,andtookitaspraise.21.A.young B.nervous C.strong D.grateful22.A.strange B.weak C.lifelong D.short-lived23.A.relieved B.increased C.impressed D.worsened24.A.ordinary B.anxious C.independent D.energetic25.A.creation B.science C.nature D.school26.A.parent B.student C.teacher D.athlete27.A.put B.lacked C.hid D.picked28.A.sure B.worried C.afraid D.sorry29.A.warned B.informed C.reminded D.cheated30.A.removed B.recorded C.ignored D.realized31.A.help B.entry C.job D.club32.A.celebrate B.draw C.affect D.save33.A.delivered B.sold C.returned D.read34.A.shouting B.smiling C.wondering D.pointing35.A.protected B.survived C.passed D.liked【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.D26.B27.A28.A29.C30.D31.C32.C33.A34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述五年级开学第一天，作者紧张不安，而托尼·哈里森老师热情的欢迎缓解了作者的情绪。“H先生”充满活力，让学习变得有趣，他的招牌笑脸给作者留下深刻印象。多年后作者上高中参加第一份工作，受到H先生影响，能积极影响他人，传递快乐。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常紧张，以至于能感觉到自己的心跳在加速。A.young年轻的；B.nervous紧张的；C.strong强壮的；D.grateful感激的。根据上文文“mylegsfeltweakandmyhandswereshaking”以及下文“feelmyheartbeatingrapidly”可知，作者的身体反应表明他很紧张，nervous符合语境，故选B项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不知为何，我知道这个学年会有所不同，但我不知道它会对我产生一生的影响。A.strange奇怪的；B.weak微弱的；C.lifelong一生的；D.short-lived短暂的。根据下文“Yearslater,wheneverIsawsmileyfaceemojis,theyimmediately____meofMr.H.”可知，作者多年后仍想起H先生，由此推知，他对作者产生了一生的影响，lifelong符合语境，故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：托尼·哈里森用他热情的欢迎和脸上灿烂的笑容迅速缓解了我的不安。A.relieved缓解；B.increased增加；C.impressed给……留下印象；D.worsened恶化。根据下文“withhiswarmwelcomeandabigsmileonhisface”可知，老师的举动缓解了作者的不安，relieved符合语境，故选A项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：H先生，他更喜欢别人这么称呼他，是一位精力充沛的老师，他用有趣的想法让学习变得令人兴奋。A.ordinary普通的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.independent独立的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“hemadelearningexcitingwithhisfunideas”可知，老师能让学习变得有趣，说明他精力充沛，energetic符合语境，故选D项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直不喜欢上学，但不知怎的，H先生让上学对我有了吸引力。A.creation创造；B.science科学；C.nature自然；D.school上学，学校。根据上文“Walkingintoschoolonthefirstdayoffifthgrade,mylegsfeltweakandmyhandswereshaking.”可知，作者第一天上学紧张，所以这里指不喜欢上学，school符合语境，故选D项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你是班上最好还是最差的学生，他都能让你觉得自己很特别。A.parent父母；B.student学生；C.teacher老师；D.athlete运动员。根据下文“intheclass”可知，在班级里对应的身份是学生，student符合语境，故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他在我的毕业纪念册上签名时，他在上面画了一个笑脸。A.put放置，这里可理解为画（笑脸）；B.lacked缺乏；C.hid隐藏；D.picked挑选。根据下文“asmileyfaceonit”可知，是在纪念册上画笑脸，put在这里有画的意思，符合语境，故选A项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确定他在每个人的纪念册上都这么做了。A.sure确定的；B.worried担忧的；C.afraid害怕的；D.sorry抱歉的。根据“Yearslater,wheneverIsawsmileyfaceemojis,theyimmediately____meofMr.H.”可知，笑脸是老师的招牌，所以作者确定老师在每个人纪念册上都画了笑脸，sure符合语境，故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，每当我看到笑脸表情符号，它们立刻让我想起H先生。A.warned警告；B.informed通知；C.reminded使想起；D.cheated欺骗。根据上文“Yearslater,wheneverIsawsmileyfaceemojis”可知，多年以后，这些笑脸会让作者想起H先生。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在高中开始我的第一份工作时，我意识到了H先生对我的影响。A.removed移除；B.recorded记录；C.ignored忽视；D.realized意识到。根据下文“Mr.H’sinfluenceonme”可知，作者意识到了老师对自己的影响，realized符合语境，故选D项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在高中开始我的第一份工作时，我意识到了H先生对我的影响。A.help帮助；B.entry进入；C.job工作；D.club俱乐部。根据下文“Evenworkinginthemailroom”可知，作者开始的是第一份工作，job符合语境，故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是在邮件收发室工作，我也有能力影响他人和他们的一天。A.celebrate庆祝；B.draw画，吸引；C.affect影响；D.save拯救。根据下文“EverydayI____themailstoallthedepartmentsandIenjoyedgreetingand____ateveryone.”可知，作者通过微笑打招呼给别人带来积极影响可知，这里指影响他人，affect符合语境，故选C项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天我把邮件送到各个部门，我喜欢和每个人打招呼并对他们微笑。A.delivered递送；B.sold卖；C.returned返回；D.read读。根据下文“themailstoallthedepartments”可知，是把邮件递送到各部门，deliver符合语境，故选A项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天我把邮件送到各个部门，我喜欢和每个人打招呼并对他们微笑。A.shouting大喊；B.smiling微笑；C.wondering想知道；D.pointing指向。根据前文老师的笑脸影响以及后文被称为“Smiley”可知，作者对每个人微笑，smiling符合语境，故选B项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我笑了，但我暗自喜欢，把它当作赞美。A.protected保护；B.survived幸存；C.passed通过；D.liked喜欢。根据“tookitaspraise”可知，作者把被称为“Smiley”当作赞美，所以暗自喜欢，liked符合语境，故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。JinanAcrobaticTroupe(杂技团),aworld-classperformingartscompanyfromEastChina’sShandongProvince,____36____(stage)abreathtakingprogramduringtheChineseNewYearcelebrationonFeb9inWellington,capitalofNewZealand.Thecelebration,____37____(organize)bytheWellingtonCityCouncil,theAsianEventsTrustandtheChinaCulturalCenterinNewZealand,attractedmorethan3,000audiencemembersfromallwalksoflife,includingJustinLester,mayorofWellington.LestergreetedtheaudienceinChineseandwishedeveryoneahappyNewYear.“WellingtonhasestablishedfriendlycityrelationswithmanyChinese____38____(city),suchasBeijingandXiamen,whichhasimprovedthepeople-to-peopleexchangesandunderstandingbetweenChina____39____NewZealand,”hesaid.“ChineseNewYearcelebrationshavebecomean____40____(importance)partofWellington’seventscalendarandprovideachance____41____(experience)diverseculturesforlocalcommunitygroups.”TheJinanAcrobaticTroupepresentedaprogramofperformingarts____42____combines(融合)BeijingOpera,martialartsandcontemporary(当代的)dancewithtraditionalacrobatics,lea