河南省许昌市长葛市某中学2025-2026学年高二下学期6月阶段检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省许昌市长葛市某中学2025-2026学年高二下学期6月阶段检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACampontheJamesRiverWehaveseveralcampsitesrightonthescenicJamesRiver.Weprovideportabletoiletsandagarbagecan,buthavenodrinkingwater,showersorelectricity.CampsiteFees$35anightforupto5people;$7foreachadditionalperson(Max:10);Childrenunder12yearsoldcampforfree.CampsiteDescriptionsSite1:Thissitehastwoareas,anupperandalower,eachwithastonefireringandapicnictable.Theupperareaisflatandfarenoughawayfromtheriver.Thelowerareaisrightontheriverandfloodsfrequently.Putyourtentineitherspot.Site2:ThissitehasagreatviewoftheflowingJamesRiver.Accesstotheriveristhroughasmallholeinthebushes.Agreatspotforrelaxingintheshadeofmaturetrees.Stonefireringandpicnictableincluded.Site3:Thissitehasacoupleofpathsthatwillleadyoudownthefairlysteep(陡峭的)banktotheriver.Theriverinfrontofthesiteisusuallywaist-deepandgentlyflowing.Greatforfishingandcoolingoff.Site4:Thisisthemostprimitivesitewehave.Withonlyoneneighbor(Site3),itisveryprivateandremote.Theriverisliterallyastone’sthrowfromyourpicnictableandstonefirering.Thissitehasshallow(knee-deep)movingwaterlocated,whichissuitableforfishing!1.WhatshouldvisitorstakewhencampingontheJamesRiver?A.Thingsforbathing. B.Lotsofgarbagebags.C.Batterychargers. D.Drinkingwater.2.Howmuchshouldtwocoupleswiththeirtwo10-year-oldkidspayfortwonights?A.$28. B.$56. C.$70. D.$84.3.Whichsitesaresuitableforfishing?A.Site1andSite2. B.Site1andSite3.C.Site2andSite3. D.Site3andSite4.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了詹姆斯河露营地的设施、费用以及不同营地的具体情况，为游客提供露营相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Weprovideportabletoiletsandagarbagecan,buthavenodrinkingwater,showersorelectricity.(我们提供了移动厕所和一个垃圾桶，但是没有饮用水、淋浴和电)”可知，露营地没有饮用水，所以游客需要自带饮用水。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据CampsiteFees部分“$35anightforupto5people;Childrenunder12yearsoldcampforfree.(每晚35美元，最多5人；12岁以下儿童露营免费)”可知，两对夫妇共4人，带两个10岁孩子免费，每晚35美元，两晚则是35×2=70美元。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Site3最后一句“Greatforfishingandcoolingoff.(是钓鱼和纳凉的绝佳去处)”以及Site4“Thissitehasshallow(knee-deep)movingwaterlocated,whichissuitableforfishing!(这个地点有及膝深的浅水流动，适合钓鱼)”可知，Site3和Site4适合钓鱼。故选D项。BDavidThompsonsatonahardbenchbehindthelongnarrowdeskandwatchedthefliesflylazilyinthesun.ThedroneoftheyoungerboysreadinglettersandtheolderboysrecitingLatinverbsmadehimsleepy.Davidhadtoforcehiseyestostayopen.Hewantedtolearnsomethingnew.Helookedupattheschoolmaster’shighdeskinthefrontoftheroom.Thenewteacher,Mr.JohnAdams,wasfromHarvardCollege.David’sfatherhadbeenimpressedwithhim.Theboyshadalreadyhadseveralotherteachers,butnoneofthemseemedtoinspireDavid.Sofar,therewasnothingtoshowthatthisonewasspecial,thoughhe’donlybeentheretwodays.“It’stoohottositandmemorizelessons,”theschoolmastersaid.“We’llmoveoutdoorsforthenextpartofourlesson.”Heledthegroupofboysintotheschoolyard.“Youyoungerboys,digforgrubsandbeetles(幼虫和甲虫).Counttheirfeet.Seeifyoucandescribetheirshells(壳).”Davidwatchedtheteachersurroundedbylaughingyoungstudents.Noonehadeverusedtheschoolyarditselfforaclassroom.“Whatnext?”hethought.Soonhedidn’thavetimetothinkabouttheyoungerboys,forhewasrunningafterbutterfliesanddragonflieshimself.Davidandhisfriendslikedthisnewwayoflearning.“Itwillbeaclearnighttonight.Gooutsideandlookatthesky,”saidtheschoolmaster.“Lookatthestarsadnoticetheirbrightnessandthepatternstheymake.ThesepatternshavenamesfromGreekmythology(神话),nameslikeOrion,Aries,andothers.Tomorrowwewilllearnabouttheancientstoriesonthem.”“Howisthenewschoolmaster?”askedDavid’sfatherthatevening,whenDavidannouncedhewasgoingouttolookatthesky.“He’sdifferentfromanyschoolmasterwe’vehad,”Davidadmitted.“Heseemsinterestedineverythingaroundhim,andhewantsustobecurioustoo.Heevenusedtheschoolyardasaclassroom.”“SoMr.JohnAdamsandhisnewwaysmakeschoolusefultoyouafterall,”jokedDavid’sfather.“Ibelievehehas,”saidDavid.“IknowIwon’tforgetthelessonshehastaughtus.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“drone”inparagraph1mean?A.Clearspeakingvoices. B.Lowdullsounds.C.Enthusiasticresponses. D.Highspirits.5.Whichstatementshowsthatthenewschoolmasterunderstoodthechildren?A.“It’stoohottositandmemorizelessons…”B.“Seeifyoucandescribetheirshells…”C.“Gooutsideandlookatthesky…”D.“Tomorrowwewilllearnabouttheancientstories…”6.Fromparagraph8,wecanlearnthat.A.David’sfatherhadmetthenewschoolmasterB.DavidhadthoughtpoorlyofschoolbeforeC.David’sfatherwasnotsatisfiedwiththenewwaysD.Davidhadshownhisfatherhishomework7.Whatisthemainideaofthisstory?A.Scienceisallaroundus.B.Schoolprovidesuswiththebesteducation.C.Thereismorethanonewaytolearn.D.Homeworkisanimportantpartofeducation.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了新校长用其独特的教学方法重新点燃了原本厌学的David的学习兴趣的故事。【4题详析】词句猜测题。文章第一段中“Davidhadtoforcehiseyestostayopen.Hewantedtolearnsomethingnew.(David不得不强迫自己睁着眼睛。他想学点新东西。)”提到David的学习兴致不高，所描述的场景也跟他的心情一样，由画线词所在句的“madehimsleepy”可推知，那些背诵读书的嗡嗡声让David昏昏欲睡。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““Ibelievehehas,”saidDavid.“IknowIwon’tforgetthelessonshehastaughtus.”(“我相信他已经做到了，”David说。“我知道我不会忘记他教给我们的东西。”)”提到的新校长的教学方法给David带来的变化可知，校长了解学生们厌烦了日复一日的常规教学，而A项准确地说明了教师对学生心情的了解。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。由第一段中“Davidhadtoforcehiseyestostayopen.Hewantedtolearnsomethingnew.(David不得不强迫自己睁着眼睛。他想学点新东西。)”和第八段“He’sdifferentfromanyschoolmasterwe’vehad,”Davidadmitted.“Heseemsinterestedineverythingaroundhim,andhewantsustobecurioustoo.Heevenusedtheschoolyardasaclassroom.”(“他和我们以前的校长都不一样，”David承认。“他似乎对周围的一切都很感兴趣，他想让我们也好奇。他甚至把校园当成了教室。”)”可知，以前David学习兴致不高，放学回家后对新校长给出好评，由此可推知在新校长到来之前，David此前一直对学校的评价不高。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第八段“He’sdifferentfromanyschoolmasterwe’vehad,”Davidadmitted.“Heseemsinterestedineverythingaroundhim,andhewantsustobecurioustoo.Heevenusedtheschoolyardasaclassroom.”(“他和我们以前的校长都不一样，”David承认。“他似乎对周围的一切都很感兴趣，他想让我们也好奇。他甚至把校园当成了教室。”)”可知，文章主要讲了JohnAdams当教师时让学生们摆脱了单调无聊的常规学习方法，给学生们带来全新的学习体验。故选C。CMybrotheroncesaid,“I’dloveforusalltolivetogether,butit’sjustnotpractical.”ThisreflectsaWesternwayofthinkingthatvaluesindependenceoverlivingwithfamily.However,ashousingcostsriseandfamiliesfaceeldercarechallenges,thiswayofthinkingischanging.Livingwithseveralgenerations—commoninplaceslikeChina—isbecomingpopularintheUK.Recentreportsshowedthat1.8millionUKhouseholdsnowincludetwoormoreadultgenerations.Census(人口普查)datashowedthat71percentofBritonswouldconsideritinthefuture.Moneyisabigreason:Thecost-of-livingcrisismakessharingrent,utilities(水电费)andgroceriespractical.Foragingparents,avoidingexpensivecarefacilitieslowersfinancialpressure.However,focusingonlyonmoneymissesthedeeperbenefits.Livingtogetherisn’tjustaboutsharingbills;it’saboutsharinglives.Itcreatessupportsystems:Grandparentslookafterchildren,adultshelpwithchoresandteenslearnpatienceandcarefromelders.Inasocietyfacingloneliness,especiallyamongseniors,beingcloseallowsdailycontactthatphonecallscan’treplace.Mybrother’swishfora“bighouse”wasn’tonlyoldmemories—itshowedthatseparatedfamiliesoftenmissthesemoments.Ofcourse,therearechallenges.Privacyconcerns,differentroutinesandsmallspacesrequiregive-and-take(互相谦让).Butmoderndesign,fromgrannyflatstosharedcommonareas,canhelp.Thekeyistosetboundarieswhilerespectingeachother.Somepeoplesaylivingwithseveralgenerationsfeelslikegoingbackward.Iseeitasprogress:usingtraditiontosolvemodernproblems.China’smodelworkednotbecauseofduty,butbecauseitunderstoodthatfamilymembersneedeachother.Aswerethinkaging,childcareandhousingcostsintheWest,combininghouseholdsoffersmorethanjustsavingmoney—itcanbringbackthesenseofcommunitywe’velost.Livingwithseveralgenerationsisn’tforeveryone,butcallingit“impractical”ignoresitspotential.Itisacaringresponsetotoday’spressures,onethatturns“myburden(负担)”into“oursharedlife”.Let’sstopseeingitasasacrificeandstartvaluingitasachoiceworthconsidering.8.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestabouttheWesternviewoffamilylife?A.Itpreferswealthtorelationships.B.Itseesindependenceasimportant.C.Itvaluesprivacymorethansupport.D.Itignorestraditioninmoderntimes.9.Whatdeeperroleofmulti-generationallivingdoestheauthorhighlight?A.Itstrengthensfamilyconnections.B.Itencouragesrespectfortraditions.C.Itprepareschildrenforadulthood.D.Itreducesdependenceonsociety.10.WhydoestheauthormentionChina’smodelofliving?A.TocriticizeWesternvalues.B.Toprovideaculturaldifference.C.Toshowasuccessfulexample.D.Todefendtraditionalduties.11.Whatdoestheauthorconsidermulti-generationalliving?A.Itismodernyetimperfect.B.Itispracticalyetashort-termfix.C.Itisoutdatedbutunavoidable.D.Itischallengingbuthelpful.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。探讨了西方家庭观念的变化，多代同堂生活在英国逐渐流行的原因、深层益处、面临的挑战，以及作者对这种生活方式的看法。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThisreflectsaWesternwayofthinkingthatvaluesindependenceoverlivingwithfamily.

(这反映了西方的思维方式——重视独立而非与家人同住)”可知，西方的家庭生活观念重视独立性。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Livingtogetherisn’tjustaboutsharingbills;it’saboutsharinglives.Itcreatessupportsystems:Grandparentslookafterchildren,adultshelpwithchoresandteenslearnpatienceandcarefromelders.

(同住不只是分摊账单，更是共享生活。它形成支持体系：祖父母照顾孩子，成年人帮忙做家务，青少年从长辈那里学习耐心和关心)”以及“beingcloseallowsdailycontactthatphonecallscan’treplace(亲密相处的日常联系是电话无法替代的)”可知，共享生活、代际互助和日常联系均指向“家庭联结(familyconnections)”，作者强调多代同堂能加强家庭联系。故选A项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“China’smodelworkednotbecauseofduty,butbecauseitunderstoodthatfamilymembersneedeachother.Aswerethinkaging,childcareandhousingcostsintheWest,combininghouseholdsoffersmorethanjustsavingmoney—itcanbringbackthesenseofcommunitywe’velost.(中国模式有效，并非因为责任，而是因为它理解家人彼此需要。当西方社会重新思考养老、育儿和住房成本时，同住不仅省钱，还能找回失去的共同体意识)”可知，“China’smodelworked”表明中国模式已被实践证明能满足家庭成员需求。作者提及中国模式，是为了用这个“已被证明可行的案例”，支撑“多代同堂能解决西方当下养老、育儿、住房成本等问题”的观点，属于“提供成功范例”。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Ofcourse,therearechallenges.Privacyconcerns,differentroutinesandsmallspacesrequiregive-and-take(互相谦让).(当然，也有挑战。隐私问题，不同的惯例和小空间需要相互让步)”以及最后一段“Livingwithseveralgenerationsisn’tforeveryone,butcallingit‘impractical’ignoresitspotential.Itisacaringresponsetotoday’spressures(几代同堂并不适合每个人，但说它“不切实际”忽视了它的潜力。这是对当今压力的关怀回应)”可知，作者认为多代同堂具有挑战性但也是有益的。故选D项。DWhatdidyouhaveforbreakfasttoday?Andhowdidyoucelebrateyourlastbirthday?Whenyouthinkbacktotheseevents,you’reusingepisodicmemory(情景记忆)—theabilitytorecallpersonalexperiencestiedtospecifictimesandplaces.Buthowdoesyourbrainkeepthesememoriesseparatewithoutmixingthemup?ScientistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,intheUSbelievethisisthankstoa“memoryresetbutton”inourbrainstem(脑干).Thissmallregion,calledthelocuscoeruleus(蓝斑核),helpsorganizeandseparateourmemories.Inthestudy,36volunteerstookpartinamemorytask.LyinginanMRIscanner(核磁共振扫描仪),theywereshownaseriesofpicturesofdifferentobjects.Meanwhile,severalsimpletoneswereplayedoverandoveragain,firstinoneearandthenintheotherwithadifferentpitch(音调).Thepitchchangeaimedtochangethecontext(情境)andcreateaneventboundary.AccordingtoapreviousstudybyKansasStateUniversityintheUS,eventboundarieshelpthebrainorganizeepisodicmemorybychangingourperception(感知)andattention.Everwalkedintoaroomandsuddenlyforgotwhy?That’saneventboundary—enteringorexitingaroom—atwork.Aftertheexperiment,scientiststestedhowwellthevolunteerscouldrecalltheorderofthepictures.Theresultshowedthatitwashardertodowhentheseriesofpicturescrossedaneventboundary.Thissuggeststhatchangesinsoundmadethebrainstorememoriesseparately.What’smore,MRIscansshowedthatthelocuscoeruleusbecamehighlyactivewheneventboundariesappeared,butnotsomuchotherwise.Earlierresearchshowedthatthehippocampus(海马体),anotherbrainregion,helpsshapeepisodicmemorybybothlinkingeventsclosetogetherintimeandseparatingthosefurtherapart.Butwhattellsthehippocampuswhentochangemodes?MRIscanssuggestthat“thelocuscoeruleusmayprovidethecritical‘start’signaltothehippocampus,asifsaying,‘Hey,we’reinaneweventnow’,”saidLilaDavachi,oneoftheresearchers.Thenewunderstandingcouldleadtobettertreatmentsformemory-relatedproblemslikeAlzheimer’sdisease,wherethelocuscoeruleusisoveractive.Theseconditionsmightbemanagedbycalmingthelocuscoeruleusthroughmedication,slowbreathingorevenusingstressballs.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheresearchinthebeginning?A.Bysharingexperiences. B.Byraisingquestions.C.Byimaginingscenes. D.Byexplainingatheory.13.Whatwasthepurposeofplayingtoneswithdifferentpitchesintheexperiment?A.Tocreatereal-lifesituations. B.Totestvolunteers’hearingability.C.Tomarkashifttoanewcontext. D.Toincreasethedifficultyofthetask.14.WhatdidtheMRIscansrevealaboutthelocuscoeruleusduringtheexperiment?A.Itshowedhigheractivityateventboundaries.B.Itsentsignalstothehippocampusregularly.C.Itcontrolledvolunteers’memoryrecallorder.D.Ithelpedlinkpicturestospecificsounds.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thedifficultyoftreatingmemory-relateddisease.B.Thepotentialapplicationsoftheresearchfindings.C.Thedrawbacksofthesmall-scaleexperiment.D.Thefutureresearchdirectionsformemory.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍了美国加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的科学家关于大脑如何区分情景记忆的研究，揭示了蓝斑核的作用。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Whatdidyouhaveforbreakfasttoday?Andhowdidyoucelebrateyourlastbirthday?Whenyouthinkbacktotheseevents,you’reusingepisodicmemory(情景记忆)—theabilitytorecallpersonalexperiencestiedtospecifictimesandplaces.Buthowdoesyourbrainkeepthesememoriesseparatewithoutmixingthemup?(你今天早餐吃了什么？你上一个生日是怎么过的？当你回想这些事件时，你正在使用情景记忆——回忆与特定时间和地点相关的个人经历的能力。但是你的大脑是如何将这些记忆分开而不混淆的呢)”可知，作者以“Whatdidyouhaveforbreakfasttoday?Andhowdidyoucelebrateyourlastbirthday?”两个问题引出“情景记忆”的概念，再通过核心问题“Buthowdoesyourbrainkeepthesememoriesseparatewithoutmixingthemup?”引出后续的研究内容。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Thepitchchangeaimedtochangethecontext(情境)andcreateaneventboundary.(音调变化的目的是改变情境并创造一个事件边界)”可知，在实验中播放不同音调的声音是为了标志着向新情境的转变。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“MRIscansshowedthatthelocuscoeruleusbecamehighlyactivewheneventboundariesappeared,butnotsomuchotherwise.(核磁共振扫描显示，当事件边界出现时，蓝斑核活跃度显著升高，反之则不高)”可知，蓝斑核活跃度在事件边界时活跃度更高。故选A项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thenewunderstandingcouldleadtobettertreatmentsformemory-relatedproblemslikeAlzheimer’sdisease,wherethelocuscoeruleusisoveractive.Theseconditionsmightbemanagedbycalmingthelocuscoeruleusthroughmedication,slowbreathingorevenusingstressballs.(这一新认知可能为阿尔茨海默病等记忆相关问题带来更好的治疗方法，在那里蓝斑过度活跃。这些疾病可以通过药物、缓慢呼吸甚至减压球来平复蓝斑核)”可知，最后一段围绕研究发现的潜在应用(治疗记忆疾病)展开。B选项“研究发现的潜在应用”符合段落中“为治疗记忆疾病提供思路”的核心内容。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ImproveyourattentionspanMayIhaveyourattention,please?I’lltryandbequick,asIprobablyonlyhaveabout47secondsbeforeyourmindstartswandering(走神).That,accordingtopsychologistDrGloriaMark,isnowouraverageattentionspan(注意力持续时间),basedonherlateststudyofpeople’suseofscreensintheworkplace.Ofcourse,thisfigurehasitslimits.Asotherpsychologistshavearguedyourconcentrationcanvarysomuch,theveryideaofan“average"attentionspanisalmostmeaningless.____16____.Nevertheless,it’slikelyyourattentionspanisdecreasing.Asonerecentsurveysuggests,nearlyhalfthepopulationnowadaysfeelsasiftheirsisworsethanitwas.____17____.Ofcourse,wecansilenceourphonenotifications(通知)andputonnoise-cancelingheadphones.____18____.Unknowingly,you’re“interrupting”yourselfalldaylong,accordingtoMark.Evenwhilereadingthis,youmayhavegottenthesuddendesiretolooksomethinguponline,checkyouremailsordosomethingelse.“It’ssomethingwedowithoutrealizing,”saidMark.____19____.Liningupyourmostmentallytaxingtaskswithyournaturalpeaks(顶峰)offocusiskeytoconcentration,saysMark.Herresearchhasfoundthat,onaverage,thesehighpointsoccuraround10a.m.inthemorningandaround2—3p.m.intheafternoon.____20____,dependingonwhetheryou’remoreofamorningpersonoranightperson.“Ifapersonisanearlytype,theirpeakfocuswouldbeearlier—before10a.m.,”explainsMark.“Andifthey’realatetype,theirpeakfocuswillbelater.”A.TherearedifferencesaroundthesetimesB.Don’texpecttoalwaysbefocusedandproductiveC.OnesolutiontothisistopayattentiontoyourbodyclockD.Becauseofthis,thereisn’tevenscientificagreementonhowtomeasurefocusE.Withtheever-presentpullofouremailsandsocialmedia,it’seasytoseewhyF.However,evenwhenwe’vedoneallthat,there’sstilltheenemywithintodealwithG.Whilewedon’tallhavethesameattentionspan,trulypayingattentiontosomethingisuniversal【答案】16.D17.E18.F19.C20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现代人注意力时长缩短的现象，分析了外部和内部的原因，并提出根据个人生物钟安排任务以提高专注力的解决方案。【16题详析】前文“That,accordingtopsychologistDrGloriaMark,isnowouraverageattentionspan(注意力持续时间),basedonherlateststudyofpeople’suseofscreensintheworkplace.Ofcourse,thisfigurehasitslimits.Asotherpsychologistshavearguedyourconcentrationcanvarysomuch,theveryideaofan“average"attentionspanisalmostmeaningless.(根据心理学家GloriaMark博士对人们在工作场所使用屏幕的最新研究，这是我们现在的平均注意力持续时间。当然，这个数字也有其局限性。正如其他心理学家所认为的那样，你的注意力可以变化很大，“平均”注意力持续时间的概念几乎是毫无意义的。)”指出平均注意力时长的数据及概念存在局限性，因此D项“Becauseofthis,thereisn’tevenscientificagreementonhowtomeasurefocus(正因如此，科学界甚至对如何测量注意力都未达成一致)”符合语境，指出测量注意力也存在分歧，和前文构成因果关系，其中的this指代前文的争议。故选D。【17题详析】前文“Nevertheless,it’slikelyyourattentionspanisdecreasing.Asonerecentsurveysuggests,nearlyhalfthepopulationnowadaysfeelsasiftheirsisworsethanitwas.(然而，很可能你的注意力持续时间正在减少。最近的一项调查显示，如今近一半的人感觉他们的注意力持续时间比以前更糟了。)”指出调查显示近半数人感觉注意力变差，因此E项“Withtheever-presentpullofouremailsandsocialmedia,it’seasytoseewhy(由于电子邮件和社交媒体的持续干扰，这种现象很容易理解)”符合语境，解释注意力变差的原因，承接前文。故选E。【18题详析】前文“Ofcourse,wecansilenceourphonenotifications(通知)andputonnoise-cancelingheadphones.(当然，我们可以将手机通知静音，戴上降噪耳机。)”提到关闭通知等外部措施，后文“Unknowingly,you’re“interrupting”yourselfalldaylong,accordingtoMark.(Mark说，在不知不觉中，你一整天都在“打断”自己。)”提到自我打断的问题，此处需转折指出内部干扰仍存在，因此F项“However,evenwhenwe’vedoneallthat,there’sstilltheenemywithintodealwith(然而，即使做了这些，我们仍需应对内在的敌人)”符合语境，和前文构成转折，引出后文的内部问题。故选F。【19题详析】后文“Liningupyourmostmentallytaxingtaskswithyournaturalpeaks(顶峰)offocusiskeytoconcentration,saysMark.(Mark说，把最耗费脑力的任务和你最容易集中注意力的时间排在一起是集中注意力的关键。)”建议根据生物钟安排任务，此处需提出关注生物钟的解决办法，因此C项“Onesolutiontothisistopayattentiontoyourbodyclock(一个解决方法是关注你的生物钟)”符合语境，提出生物钟方案，引出后文。故选C。【20题详析】前文“Herresearchhasfoundthat,onaverage,thesehighpointsoccuraround10a.m.inthemorningandaround2—3p.m.intheafternoon.(她的研究发现，平均而言，这些高峰出现在上午10点左右和下午2点至3点左右。)”给出平均高峰时间，后文“dependingonwhetheryou’remoreofamorningpersonoranightperson.“Ifapersonisanearlytype,theirpeakfocuswouldbeearlier—before10a.m.,”explainsMark.“Andifthey’realatetype,theirpeakfocuswillbelater.”(这取决于你是早起的人还是晚睡的人。Mark解释说：“如果一个人是早起型的人，他们的注意力会更早——在上午10点之前。如果他们是晚睡型的人，他们的注意力高峰将在晚些时候。”)”具体解释早起型人和晚睡型人的个体差异，此处需补充说明高峰的时间差异，因此A项“Therearedifferencesaroundthesetimes(这些时间存在个体差异)”符合语境，承接前文，后文是对其展开说明。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Severalyearsago,Imetagirlthroughourlocalcommunitytheater.She’sinherlateteens—much____21____thanme.I’vebeeninvolvedinmusicaltheaterforyears,whileshewasmoreofa(n)____22____.Whenevershesoughtadvice,Iwas____23____toprovideguidance.She’sareallysweetgirlwhoworkshardandisdeeply____24____aboutmusicals,butshecamefromalow-incomefamilythatcouldn’t____25____topayforextraclasses.Recently,shesharedsome____26____newswithme.Shehad____27____atrialsingingclass(试听课)withateacherwhoisafriendofmine,andshelovedit.However,shecouldn’t____28____untilshesavedenoughfromherpart-timejob,asherfamilyneededherto____29____bills.Knowinghowmuchthis____30____meanttoher,Idecidedtohelp.Givenherupcomingbirthdaynextmonth,Idiscussedthematterwithmyfriend,who____31____agreedtoreducetheclassfees.Also,Ipreparedaspecialgift:avoucher(代金券)for12singinglessons.Iplaceditinanenvelope,____32____thestagemanagertogiveittoher____33____afterrehearsals(彩排)withoutrevealingwhoit’sfrom.AlthoughIhaven’tseenherreaction,Iliketoimagineher____34____andjoywhenshediscoveredthischancetopursueherdreams.Sometimes,thegreatest____35____comesfromhelpingotherswithoutexpectationofrecognition.21.A.stronger B.braver C.smarter D.younger22.A.audience B.performer C.newcomer D.expert23.A.ready B.free C.afraid D.anxious24.A.nervous B.passionate C.cautious D.concerned25.A.hesitate B.afford C.happen D.offer26.A.bittersweet B.amazing C.latest D.interesting27.A.taken B.missed C.passed D.skipped28.A.balance B.improve C.judge D.continue29.A.makethemostof B.helpoutwith C.catchupwith D.takeon30.A.dream B.choice C.opportunity D.honor31.A.generously B.naturally C.unwillingly D.deeply32.A.allowing B.promising C.forcing D.asking33.A.formally B.privately C.seriously D.carefully34.A.pride B.calmness C.surprise D.awkwardness35.A.comfort B.challenge C.satisfaction D.lesson【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.B25.B26.A27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己帮助一位热爱音乐剧但家庭贫困的女孩追求歌唱梦想的故事，展现了不求回报帮助他人的美好品质。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她十八九岁，比我年轻得多。A.stronger更强壮的；B.braver更勇敢的；C.smarter更聪明的；D.younger更年轻的。根据前文“She’sinherlateteens”以及后文“I’vebeeninvolvedinmusicaltheaterforyears”可知，她比作者年轻。故选D项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我参与音乐剧多年，而她更多是个新手。A.audience观众；B.performer表演者；C.newcomer新手；D.expert专家。根据前文“I’vebeeninvolvedinmusicaltheaterforyears,whileshewasmoreofa(n)”可知，作者是音乐剧领域的老手，while表对比，与作者相对，她是新手。故选C项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当她寻求建议时，我都乐意提供指导。A.ready乐意的；B.free自由的；C.afraid害怕的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据后文“toprovideguidance”以及作者对女孩的帮助可知，作者乐意为其提供指导。故选A项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是个非常可爱的女孩，工作努力，对音乐剧充满热情，但她来自低收入家庭，负担不起额外课程的费用。A.nervous紧张的；B.passionate热情的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.concerned关心的。根据“isdeeply____aboutmusicals”以及后文“atrialsingingclass(试听课)

”和“andshelovedit”可知，她对音乐剧充满热情。故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是个非常可爱的女孩，工作努力，对音乐剧充满热情，但她来自低收入家庭，负担不起额外课程的费用。A.hesitate犹豫；B.afford负担得起；C.happen发生；D.offer提供。根据前文“fromalow-incomefamily”以及“couldn’t____topayfor”可知，她的家庭条件说明她负担不起额外课程的费用。故选B项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近，她和我分享了一些苦乐参半的消息。A.bittersweet苦乐参半的；B.amazing令人惊奇的；C.latest最新的；D.interesting有趣的。根据后文“atrialsingingclass(试听课)

”和“andshelovedit”以及“However,shecouldn’t____untilshesavedenoughfromherpart-timejob”可知，她喜欢试听课但又因经济原因无法继续，所以是苦乐参半的消息。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她跟我的一个朋友——一位老师上了一节试唱课，她很喜欢。A.taken参加；B.missed错过；C.passed通过；D.skipped跳过。根据后文“atrialsingingclass(试听课)withateacher”可知，此处是指上试听课，takeaclass是固定搭配。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她要等到兼职攒够钱才能继续，因为她的家人需要她帮忙付账单。A.balance平衡；B.improve提高；C.judge判断；D.continue继续。根据后文“untilshesavedenoughfromherpart-timejob”可知，此处是指她需要攒够钱才能继续上课。故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，她要等到兼职攒够钱才能继续，因为她的家人需要她帮忙付账单。A.makethemostof充分利用；B.helpoutwith帮忙做；C.catchupwith赶上；D.takeon承担。根据前文“fromalow-incomefamily”可知，她需承担付账单的责任。故选B项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道这个机会对她有多重要，我决定帮忙。A.dream梦想；B.choice选择；C.opportunity机会；D.honor荣誉。根据前文“atrialsingingclass(试听课)”可知，这是她追求歌唱梦想的一个机会。故选C项。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：考虑到她下个月即将到来的生日，我和我的朋友讨论了这件事，朋友慷慨地同意降低课程费用。A.generously慷慨地；B.naturally自然地；C.unwillingly不情愿地；D.deeply深深地。根据后文“agreedtoreducetheclassfees”可知，同意降低费用的行为说明朋友很慷慨。故选A项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它放在一个信封里，让舞台经理在彩排后私下给她，不透露是谁送的。A.allowing允许；B.promising承诺；C.forcing强迫；D.asking请求。根据后文“thestagemanagertogiveittoher”可知，此处是指让舞台经理做这件事，asksb.todosth.是固定搭配。故选D项。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我把它放在一个信封里，让舞台经理在彩排后私下给她，不透露是谁送的。A.formally正式地；B.privately私下地；C.seriously严肃地；D.carefully仔细地。根据后文“withoutrevealingwhoit’sfrom”可知，此处是指私下给她。故选B项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我没有看到她的反应，但我喜欢想象她发现这个追求梦想的机会时的惊讶和喜悦。A.pride骄傲；B.calmness平静；C.surprise惊讶；D.awkwardness尴尬。根据前文“atrialsingingclass(试听课)

”和“andshelovedit”以及后文“whenshediscoveredthischance”可知，她喜欢那门课却难以负担，突然有这样的好机会，她感到惊喜、惊讶。故选C项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，最大的满足感源于帮助他人而不期望得到认可。A.comfort安慰；B.challenge挑战；C.satisfaction满足感；D.lesson教训。根据前文“Iliketoimagineher____andjoy

”、后文“helpingotherswithoutexpectationofrecognition”以及作者帮助女孩后的内心感受可知，这种不求回报的帮助给他人带来了喜悦与希望，也给作者带来了满足感。故选C项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DearDiary,TimandI____36____(talk)alotabouthisproblemstoday,andI’msogladthatIcouldhelpmybestfriend.Italsoleftmethinkingaboutwhatitreallymeanstobea“goodfriend”.Inmyopinion,thefollowing____37____(quality)formthebasisofafriendship.Agoodfriendneedstobesupportive.IcanseethatTimishavingtrouble____38____(balance)hisprojectandhisschoolwork,andIcanseethatbothareimportanttohim.Imustrespectandsupportthechoiceshemakes.Ishouldalsoencouragehimtotakeaction____39____(get)overthesedifficulties.Agoodfriendalsoneedstobeselfless.Timissomeone____40____Ishouldtrymybesttohelp,evenifitmeansmoreworkf