2025~2026学年湖南长沙市金海谷郡高级中学上学期高二期末英语试卷

2025~2026学年湖南长沙市金海谷郡高级中学上学期高二期末英语试卷一、阅读理解Areyouplanningyournextbigfamilyadventure?Readonanddiscoverfoursafe,kid-approvedhotspots.IcelandIfyourfamilyisupforatrueadventure,Icelandispuremagic.Thinkwaterfalls,blacksandbeaches,icecavesandthestellarNorthernLights.Plus,ittopstheGlobalPeaceIndex,makingitoneofthesafestplacestotravelwithkids.●Bestagegroup:Ages7andup,duetooutdooractivities.●Insidertip:Rentingacampervan(野营车)isacost-effectiveandflexiblewayforfamiliestoexploretheRingRoad.CostaRicaCostaRicaisaneco-adventureplacewhereyoucanexperiencezip-liningthroughrainforests,spotmonkeysintreesandsoakinhotsprings.It’softencalledthe“SwitzerlandofCentralAmerica”foritssafetyandnaturalbeauty.●Bestagegroup:Ages7andupforadventureactivities.●Insidertip:Lookforecolodges(生态旅馆)thatcatertofamilies;manyofferguidednaturewalksandon-sitewildlifesightseeing.OrlandoWithplentyofresortsbuiltforkids,thisdestinationispracticallydesignedwithfamiliesinmind.Whetheryourkidswanttomeetprincesses,riderollercoasters,orsplasharoundinthemedwaterparks,Orlandodelivers.●Bestagegroup:Ages3-12forfullthemeparkmagic.●Insidertip:Considerstayingataresortwithfreeshuttles(班车)totheparkstosavemoneyonparkingandmaximizeconvenience.ArubaNicknamed“OneHappyIsland”,ArubaisregardedasoneofthesafestCaribbeanislands.FamilieswillloveEagleBeach,wherecalmwatersandsoftsandmakeitperfectforswimming.Plus,keepaneyeoutforseaturtles’nests.●Bestagegroup:Greatforallagesthankstogentlebeaches.●Insidertip:Manyfamilyresortsofferkids’clubsandbeachfrontbabysittingservices,givingparentssomewell-deserveddowntime.1.WhatdoIcelandandCostaRicahaveincommon?

A．BothtoptheGlobalPeaceIndex.B．Bothhighlightnatureadventures.C．Botharesuitableforallagegroups.D．Bothfeaturerainforestsfullofwildanimals.2.Whichplaceisthebestforafamilywithan18-month-oldchild?

A．Aruba.B．CostaRica.C．Iceland.D．Orlando.3.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?

A．Tocommentonadventures.B．Toadvertisefamilyactivities.C．Torecommendtouristattractions.D．Tointroduceacoasttour.Processedfoodslikechips,sodasandfrozenpizzasarefullofsalt,sugar,andfat.Now,scientistsaretryingtounderstandifthereissomethingelseaboutsuchfoodsthatmaybebadforhumans.Scientistshavealreadylinkedlow-cost,packagedfoodstorisingobesityratesaroundtheworld.Obesityincreasestheriskofmanyhealthproblems.Threerecentstudiesoffermorecluesonhowourincreasinglyindustrializedfoodsupplymaybeaffectingourhealth.Theresearcherscreatedasystemthatplacesfoodsintofourgroups.Thesystemsayshighlyprocessedfoodsaremademostlyofindustrializedmaterialsandadditives(添加剂).Sodas,packagedcookies,instantnoodlesandchickennuggets(鸡肉块)aresomeexamplesofhighlyprocessedfoods.Butalsoincludedareproductsthatcanseemhealthy,suchasmorningcereals,energybarsandsomekindsofyogurt.Researchersconductedafour-weekstudyinvolving20people.Theyfoundthatpeopleateabout500morecaloriesadaywhenfedmostlyprocessedfoods.Thatiscomparedtowhenthesamepeopleweregivenlessprocessedfoods.Theresearcherspermittedthe20participantstoeatasmuchoraslittleastheywanted.Theyweretakentoamedicalcentersotheirhealthandbehaviorcouldbeobserved.Inanotherstudy,researchersinFrancefoundpeoplewhoatemoreprocessedfoodsweremorelikelytohaveheartdisease.AsimilarstudyinSpainlinkedeatingmoreprocessedfoodstoahigherriskofdeathingeneral.Whenfedlessprocessedfoods,peopleinthestudyproducedmoreofahormonethatcontrolshunger,andlessofahormonethatcauseshunger.Thereasonforthereactionisnotclear.Thescientistsalsofoundthatpeopleateprocessedfoodsmorequickly.KevinHallisoneoftheresearcherswholedthestudy.Hesaidthatprocessedfoodswereusuallysofterandeasiertochewandswallow”.Hallnotedthesourceofnutrientsmightmakeadifference.Forexample,fiberfromfruitandvegetablesmaybebetterformakingpeoplefeelfullthanfiberaddedtopackagedfoodssuchasenergybarsandyogurt.Avoidingprocessedfoodscanbehard,especiallyforpeoplewithlimitedtimeandmoney.Processedfoodscanalsotakemanyforms.Inaddition,companiescontinuallyre-engineerproductstomakethemseemhealthier.Theneweststudiesmayprovidemorereasonstoavoidprocessedfoods.But,theyalsocallattentiontothedifficultyofcomingupwithwaystodothat.4.Whatkindoffooddoenergybarsbelongto?

A．Fairlyhealth-friendlyfoods.B．Especiallybeneficialfoods.C．Relativelyhigh-costfoods.D．Highlyprocessedfoods.5.WhatcanweknowabouteatingmoreprocessedfoodsinParagraph4?

A．Itdoesharmtopeoplepotentially.B．Itcanoftenresultindeath.C．Itmakespeoplegetlesscalories.D．Itmakeslittledifferencetopeople’shealth.6.Whatismorelikelytomakepeoplefeelfull?

A．Fiberaddedtopackagedfoods.B．FiberfromfruitandvegetablesC．Highlyprocessedfoodslikeinstantnoodles.D．Foodsmademostlyofindustrialmaterialsandadditives.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．DifferentKindsofProcessedFoodsB．RecentStudiesonProcessedFoodsC．HowBadProcessedFoodsAre!D．AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofProcessedFoodsDietscomeanddietsgo.Oneofthemostpopulartodayis“intermittentfasting”,whichlimitsone’sfoodintaketocertaintimewindows.Onepopularvariant,the“5-2diet”,requireseatingeitherverysmallamounts,ornothingatall,ontwodaysaweek,butallowsnormaleatingontheotherfive.Asaweight-lossstrategy,intermittentfastingissimple—nocaloriecountingormajordietarychanges.Limitingtherestrictionstoacoupleofdaysaweek,orseveralhoursadayalsorequireslesswillpower,whichmightmakeiteasiertostickwith.NicholaLudlam-Raine,adietitianandspokeswomanfortheBritishDieteticAssociation,notesthatintermittentfastingseemstoworkroughlyaswellforweightlossastraditionalcalorie-countingdoes.Beyondweightmanagement,animalstudiessuggestfastingmayextendlifespanbyupto40%,slowaging,andreducecancerrisk.Exactlyhowitdoesallthatisnotentirelyclear.Oneimportantfactorseemstobeautophagy(细胞自噬),theprocessbywhichcellsbreakdownandrecyclepartsofthemselves.Thehopeisthatintermittentfastingmighthaveasimilarresponseinhumans,sincewesharethesebiologicalresponseswithotheranimals.Butrunningdefinitivehumantrialsofthesortdoneonlabanimalsisimpossible.“Whenwesay‘calorierestriction’wemeannearlystarving[theanimals],”saysAdamCollins,anutritionresearcherattheUniversityofSurrey.Currentresearchonintermittentfastingreliesonlimited,short-termstudiesusingmoderatebiomarkerslikeinsulin(胰岛素)/cholesterol(胆固醇)levels.Theirresultsaremixed.AreviewpaperpublishedinApril2024lookedat23otherstudiesandconcludedthatintermittentfastingwasslightlybetterthanordinarydietingforoverweightpeoplewhenitcametoimprovinglevelsofcholesterolandinsulin.Asimilararticle,publishedinJanuary,foundnomeaningfuldifferenceforeitherweightlossorcardiovascular(心血管的)health.Therearealsorisks.AstudyinmicepublishedinNatureinOctober2024foundthatseverefasting(wherecalorieswerecutby40%)haddownsides,includingmusclemasslossand,possibly,weakenedimmunesystems.Moderation,too,shouldbetakeninmoderation.8.Whichofthefollowingispracticingintermittentfasting?

A．Anathletestrictlycontrollingfatintakeasthecoachrequires.B．ATVhostweighingallfoodtocountcaloriesbeforeeating.C．Anofficeworkertryingtoloseweightbyeatingonly2mealseveryday.D．AclerkonregularmealsbutskippingmealsonMondaysandThursdays.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?

A．Fastingaffectshumansandanimalsinthesameway.B．Calorierestrictionforanimalsismilderthanforhumans.C．Humantrialslikeanimalonesforintermittentfastingareno-gos.D．Autophagyplaysadefiniteroleinexplainingthebenefitsoffasting.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsintermittentfasting?

A．Enthusiastic.B．Subjective.C．Favorable.D．Impartial.11.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．TheSecretsofFasting:AScientificWarningB．IntermittentFasting:APopularbutMysteriousDietC．CalorieCountingvs.Fasting:WhichWorksBetter?D．FromAnimaltoHuman:TheScienceBehindFastingWithEarthDaycomingup,anewbookBirdingtoChangetheWorldoffersreflectionsonthewayswatchingbirdscanrenewourjoyinnatureandeventransformourlives.Inthebook,environmentaljusticeeducatorTrishO’KanedescribesthelessonsfrombirdsthathaveadvancedherteachinginWisconsin.AuthorTrishO’KaneisfascinatedbyAmericanwoodcocks(丘鹬),whichresemble“afootballwithwings”andwalkawkwardlyonland,relyingheavilyonearthworms(蚯蚓)forfood.Theirmaincallisastrangebuzzing.Woodcocksareamongthe134birdspeciesinhabitingWarnerParkinMadison,Wisconsin.However,everyyearsincethe1990s,on4July,theparkhashostedafireworksdisplaycalledRhythmandBooms.Atthisevent,attendedby100,000people,cannons(大炮)werefiredandfivetonsoffireworksexploded.Birdsareknowntofeelpanicandevenpainfromsuchloudnoise;someabandonnestsorevendieoffright.Theparkwascoveredinmetalleftoverfromthefireworks.O’Kanewasangrywhensheheardabouttheplanstofurtherdeveloptheparkbeyonditsexistingsportsfields.O’Kanecarriedoutresearch,cooperatedwithlocalnatureloverstoformanactivistgroupcalledWildWarner,andeducatedmiddleschoolandcollegestudentsaboutthepark.Tirelesslyworkingtogether,ateamofparkloversbroughtevidenceforwardtolocalauthoritiesabouttheongoingharmstothepark,highlightingthedelightfulwoodcockseatingthepark’searthwormsthathadpoisoninthem.Theauthoritieslistened.RhythmandBoomswasmovedoutoftheparkandthedamagedareasoftheparkwererestoredtotheiroriginalstate.O’Kane’sstoryisricherthanwhatcanbeexpressedinthewordshere.ItbeginsinNewOrleansatthetimeofHurricaneKatrinaandendsinVermont,wheresheteachestoday.O’Kaneinvitesustoseethebeautyofbirdsinourworldandactfortheirwell-being.Weneedtheirvoicesinthisspring’schorus.12.WhatcanweknowaboutthebookBirdingtoChangetheWorld?

A．Itchangedpeople’slife.B．Itinvolvestheinsightsintobirds.C．Itdescribesthebeautyoffireworks.D．ItmadeO’Kanebecomeaneducator.13.Whatimpactdidthefireworksdisplayhaveonthebirds?

A．Severe.B．Positive.C．Global.D．Short-term.14.WhydidO’Kaneopposethepark’sfurtherdevelopment?

A．Itthreatenedbirdhabitats.B．Ittransformednaturelovers.C．Itincreasedfireworkscosts.D．Itdestroyedsportsfacilities.15.WhatdoesO’Kaneaimtoachievethroughherbook?

A．Expandingparksportsfields.B．Inspiringnatureconservation.C．Promotingfireworksfestivals.D．Documentinghurricanehistory.Tuvaluisanislandcountry.Itisfamousforitssandybeachesandturquoise(青绿色的)watersandhaslongbeenapopulartouristdestinationfornearbyNewZealanders.However,Tuvaluisatriskofnolongerexistingbecauseoftherisingsealevel.Tuvaluisexperiencingtheharmfuleffectsofglobalwarming.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,sodoestheoceantemperature.Duetothescientificlawof“thermal(热的)expansion”,whenwaterheatsupitgetsbigger.16MostexpertsclaimthattheeffectsofclimatechangewillmakeTuvaluuninhabitableinthenext50to100years.Problemsarealreadyemerging.Assealevelrises,oceanwatercontaininghighlevelsofsaltistravellingfurtherandfurtherinland,destroyingthelittleamountofsoilthatTuvaluanshavetogrowcrops.EvenbeforeTuvaluansbegantosufferfromtheeffectsofclimatechange,lifeonTuvaluwastough.17Mostofthelandonanatoll(环礁)isrock-hardandanysoilthatexistsonitisusuallythinandpoorforgrowingcrops.Thenationhasalwayshadtoimportfoodapartfromfish.MoreseriousthanTuvalu’slackofhomegrownfoodhasbeenitslackofdrinkingwater.18Therefore,Tuvaluansrelyalmostentirelyonrainwaterfortheirneedforwater.Unfortunately,duetoageographicalphenomenonknownasLaNiña(拉尼娜现象),Tuvaluoftensuffersfromlongperiodsofdrought.In2011,aftermonthsofnorain,thegovernmenthadtodeclareastateofemergency.19Tuvalu’sproblemshaveledsomeofitsinhabitantstoconsidermigratingtoAustraliaorNewZealand.20Theyknowthey’llhavetosomeday,buttheywanttoremainforaslongaspossibleandmaketheworldawareofwhatishappeningtotheirhomelandduetoclimatechange.

A．Thisislargelyduetothegeologicalmake-upofatolls.B．AndasamemberoftheUnitedNations,theyarejustdoingthat.C．However,theyarenotwillingtoabandonthelandoftheirforefatherssoeasily.D．Therefore,sealevelisrisingandforlow-lyingTuvalu,thisspellsdisaster.E．Tuvalu’srepresentativesdemandedthatnationsshouldtakeamoreresponsibleroleinreducinggasemissions.F．Itwasadesperatesituation,andbutforemergencyshipmentsfromNewZealandandAustralia,manyTuvaluanswouldhavedied.G．Unlikenormalislands,atollshavenoriversorstreams,whichmeansthatmostofTuvaluhasnogroundwatertousefordrinking.二、完形填空CiudadPerdida(佩尔迪达城),Colombia’s“LostCity”isolderthanMachuPicchu.(马丘比丘城).Therearenotrainsorbusesallowingof21travelstoreachitsruins.Theremoteplaceisonly22onfoot:atiringmulti­day(多日的)hike.Despitethis,Icouldn’t23theopportunitytovisitCiudadPerdida.12otherhikersandIwenttherein24withalicensedguide(导游).Thedirtpath,which25throughtoweringpalms(高耸的棕榈树)anddanglingvines(悬挂的藤蔓),proved26rightfromthestart.Alongthewaywealsometthe27.Theyhavebeenleftundisturbedforcenturiesandthere’sadeep28betweenthemandtheland.Thenextmorning,wewereoffearlyto29theheat,buthightemperaturesandmusclepainhadalready30bythetimewereachedthefinalstage—1200stonestepsto31.Afterfinallyliftingmypainfulbodyupthelongflightofstairs,myeyesrestedonthescenethathad32thebackbreaking(艰巨的)journey:CiudadPerdida.Ilookeddownandwonderedatthebeautifulsitebelow.Whilethereturntripincluded33thementalhurdle(障碍)ofhavingalreadyaccomplishedourgoal,theexperienceistheoneIwoulddo34.Itisthedifficultythatmakesthejourneyamore35one.Earnedviewsarealwaysbetter.21.A．longB．endlessC．frequentD．Easy22.A．impressiveB．accessibleC．worthwhileD．dangerous23.A．resistB．obtainC．promoteD．find24.A．companyB．combinationC．harmonyD．Communication25.A．buriedB．spreadC．spunD．wound26.A．disappointingB．embarrassingC．challengingD．amazing27.A．nativesB．visitorsC．guidesD．drivers28.A．similarityB．DistinctionC．bondD．Belief29.A．reduceB．beatC．testD．feel30.A．watchedoutB．cutoffC．setinD．gavein31.A．constructB．pickC．coverD．explore32.A．convincedB．predictedC．motivatedD．simplified33.A．overcomingB．memorizingC．observingD．fixing34.A．otherwiseB．againC．thoughD．Instead35.A．rewardingB．sensitiveC．popularD．flexible三、语法填空语法填空TheGoldenGateBridge,36(build)between1933and1937,spans(横跨)theentrancetoSanFranciscoBay.Thisspectacularlandmark,mainly37(design)byCharlesEllis,measures1.7miles(about2.7km)long.Itis38(know)asasymbolofSanFrancisco.Thebridge,39(attract)touristsfromaroundtheworld,isvisitedbyabout9millionpeopleyearly.ThedesignershadtheGoldenGateBridge40(paint)inabrightred-orangecolourcalled“InternationalOrange”.Thebrightcolourcanbeseenevenindensefog.Theobservationarea,41(locate)atthenorthernendofthebridge,offersan42(amaze)viewofSanFrancisco,Alcatraz,theEastBay,AngelIslandandthePacificOcean.Theferryboats,still43(use)today,usedtobetheonlyway44(cross)theopeningofthebayintheearly1900s.Now,theGoldenGateBridgeconnectsMarinonthenorthtoSanFranciscoonthesouth.Itsdesign,45(change)sinceitsopening,hasprovedtobestrongenoughtowithstandstorms,oceancurrentsandstrongearthquakes.四、书信写作46.你们学校将于下学期实施新的作息方案：课间休息由10分钟延长至15分钟；体育课增加至每天一节；自主学习时段延长。请你以“MyViewontheNewSchedule”为题，给学校英文报写一篇投稿，内容包括：(1)你的态度；(2)你的打算。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。MyViewontheNewSchedule_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mrs.Garciacouldn’tunderstandwhyherson,Mike,camehomefromschooleverydaywithanemptystomach.ShehadalwaysbeencarefulinpreparingMike’slunchbox.Thefoodwasmorethanenoughtosatisfyayoungboy’shunger.ButrecentlyMikeoftenreturnedhomelookinghungry.Itwasn’tuntiloneevening,whenMrs.GarcianoticedMikerummaging(翻找)throughthekitchenforfood,thatsherealizedsomethingwaswrong.“Mike,didn’tyouhaveyourlunchtoday?”Mrs.Garciaasked,watchinghersonopenthefridgeandgrababurger.Mikelookedupather,hiseyeswidewithfear.“I……IguessIdid,”hesaidinaquietvoice,takingabiteoftheburger.Mrs.Garciafeltconfused.“Really?You’vebeensayingthatfor