专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷305

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷305

一、选择题(本题共78题，每题1.0分，共78分。)

(1)Americanstudentshavemanycustoms.Forexample,schoolchildrenoccasionally

presentanappletotheteacher.Obviouslythecustomcontainsanelementofbribery

youoffersweetfruittoauthorityfiguresto"sweeten"theirdisposition.In

schoolchildren'scase,iheappleisofferedtomaketheirgradesmorefavorable.

Therefore,theapplehasmoreorlessacquiredacorrosivereputationandmaybeforthis

reason,inslangEnglish"toapple-polish"means"toflatterorfawn"andan"apple­

polisher"isaflatterer.(2)Butthecustommightalsobeexplainedasafairpaymentfbr

theteacher'sinstruction.Intheearlydaysofpubliceducation,schoolteacherswerenot

alwayssalaried.Oftentheywouldbepaidingoodsandservices,offeredbyeitherthe

school,orthepupilsortheparents.Therefore,theoccasionalgiftofanappleforthe

teacherintoday'sclassroomshouldbeawelcomereminderoftheerawheneducation

wasone-to-oneandwhenteachingmeantenlighteningthestudentsratherthan

identifyingtheirrankings.(3)Anotherimportantcustomisaboutthegraduation

ceremony,whichisthemostexcitingmomentforthestudents:parents,relativesand

friendsareinvitedtotheceremony;allthegraduatesarewearingblacksquareflatcaps

andgowns.Theyallawaitthepresidenttoannounceintheend,"now,pleasemoveyour

tasselsfromrighttoleft”.(4)Thecapsandgownswornbyhighschoolandcollege

graduatestodayaresurvivorsoftheeverydaydresswornbymembersoftheacademic

communityinmedievalEurope.Themajorityofscholarsinthemiddleageswere

churchmen,orsoontobecomeso,andtheirdresswasoftenstrictlyregulatedbythe

universitieswheretheytaughtandstudied.ThestandardclericaldressthroughoutEurope

wasthelongblackcope.Theoriginalpreferenceforblackwaschangedinthethirteenth

andfourteenthcenturies,assuchcolorsasred,violetandpurplecameintofashion:but

bytheRenaissanceblackwasback,asthecolorblacksymbolizedsimpleandplain,oran

austerewayoflifeinthesixteenthcentury.Withfewexceptions,inodernuniversities

keepthatceremonialausterity.(5)Theoriginofthesquareflatcap,ormortarboard,is

obscure,thoughitprobablyderivesfromthemedievalbiretta.Suchatuftedsquarecapis

consideredthebadgeofthemastership,andislateradoptedbyundergraduatesand

schoolboys.Theterm"mortarboard"doesnotappearinEnglishuntilthe1850s.The

tasselthatgraduatestransferfromonesidetoanotherasasignaloftheirelevationisan

outgrowthofthemedievaltuft.Thetuftstillappearsonthemodembiretta,wornby

bishopsthroughouttheChurchofRome.(442words,readability49.3)

1、Theword"corrosive"inPara.1canbebestreplacedby.

A、positive

B>negative

C^favorable

D^acceptable

标准答案：B

知识点解析：语义猜测题。由题干定位到第一段Obviouslythecustomcontainsan

elementofbribery,由此得知，这个惯例有点行贿的意味。因此，苹果的corrosive

reputation显然是“不好的名声”，故B为答案。其他选项分别为“积极的”“赞成的”

和“可接受的”，均与语境不符，故排除。

2、WhichofthefollowingisCORRECTaccordingtotheinformationinthepassage?

A、Nowadays,Americanpupilsmayofferanappletotheteachertogelabettergrade.

Intheearlydaysofpubliceducation,schoolteacherswerepaidinmoney.

C、Ihecapsandgownsareonlyadoptedbycollegegraduatesduringgraduation

ceremonies.

D^BeforetheRenaissance,thestandardclericaldresswasblack.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节理解题。由题干定位到第一段、第二段和第四段。第一段提到

theappleisofferedtomaketheirgradesmorefavorable,与A相符，故A为答案，第

二段提至『Tntheearlydaysofpubliceducation,schoolteacherswerenotalways

salaried.”,与B相反,故排除B。第四段提到Thecapsandgownswornbyhigh

schoolandcollegegraduatestoday,由此得知，中学生和大学毕业生都穿“学士服”，

故排除Co第四段提到"Theoriginalpreferencefbrblackwaschangedinthethirteenth

andfourteenthcenturies,assuchcolorsasred,violetandpurplecameintofashion...by

therenaissanceblackwasback,asthecolorblacksymbolizedsimpleandplain...,由此

可知，十三、十四世纪时，黑色被红色等颜色取代，到文艺复兴时期才又被青睐，

这与选项D中的信息不符，故排除D。

3、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A^inmedievalEurope,collegeteachersandstudentsworecapsandgowns

B、purplewasthemostpopularcolorinthe13thcentury

C、churchmenwerewell-educatedinmedievalEurope

D^thesquarecapisthesymbolofthemastership

标准答案：c

知识点解析：推理判断题。由题干定位到第四段和第五段。第四段提到“Thecaps

andgownswornbyhighschoolandcollegegraduatestodayaresurvivorsofthe

everydaydresswornbymembersoftheacademiccommunityinmedievalEurope.由

此得知，学士帽和学士服是中世纪欧洲学术人员的日常穿着，这是直接传递的信

息，不属于推断，故排除A。第四段中提到“Theoriginalpreferenceforblackwas

changedinthethirteenthandfourteenthcenturies,assuchcolorsasred,violetandpurple

cameintofashion...5,,由此得知，当时非常流行紫色，但并未提及它最流行，故和

除Bo第四段提到“Themajorityofscholarsinthemiddleageswerechurchmen,or

soontobecomeso../\由此得知，中世纪欧洲学者主要是神职人员，因此可推断，

神职人员受教育程度良好，故C为答案。第五段提到“Suchatuftedsquarecapis

consideredthebadgeofthemastership”,由此可见，D中的squarecap与原文中的

tuftedsquarecap不相符,故排除。

(1)Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwho

studiesandappliesphysics,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicaloranyother

science?Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinthesocietiesinwhichwe

live.Manypeoplebelieve,however,thatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsof

science.Thefirstoftheseistheapplicationofthemachinesandproductsthatscientists

andtechnologistsdevelop.Newdrugs,fasterandsafermeansoftransport,newsystems

ofappliedknowledgearesomeexamplesofthisaspectofscience.(2)Thesecondaspect

istheapplicationofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheir

work.Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthata

successfulscientistisfullofcuriosityandhewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverse

works.Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardproblemswhichhenoticeshaveno

satisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationships

evenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover,hethinkshecanimprove

theexistingconditions,whetherofpureorappliedknowledge,andenjoystryingtosolve

theproblemswhichthisinvolves.(3)Heisagoodobserver,accurate,patientand

objectiveandappliespersistentandlogicalthoughttotheobservationshemakes.He

utilizesthefactsheobservestothefullextent.Forexample,trainedobserversobtaina

verylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthe

simplelinesthatappearinaspectrum.(4)Heisskepticalandhedoesnotaccept

statementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailableandtherefore

rejectsauthorityasthesolebasisfortruth.Furthermore,heisnotonlycriticalofthework

ofothers,butalsoofhisown,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientific

instrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.(5)

Lastly,heishighlyimaginativesinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindata,which

arenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore,heneedsimagination

ifhewantstomakehypothesesofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.(381

words,readability48.3)

4、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutcuriosity?

A、Itgivesthescientistconfidenceandpleasureinwork.

Itgivesrisetointerestinproblemsthatareunexplained.

C、Itleadstoeffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.

D、Itencouragesthescientiststolookfornewwaysofacting.

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：细节理解题。本题为反向选择题。由题干可定位到第二段...a

successfulscientistisfullofcuriosityandhewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverse

works.Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardproblemswhichhenoticeshaveno

satisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationships

evenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected...hethinkshecanimprovetheexisting

conditions...",这里面包括了好奇心的作用：寻找问题的答案、潜在关系和改进方

法，分别与选项B、C和D相符，故可排除。选项A文中未提及，故为答案。

5、Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldNOT.

A^alwaysuseevidencefromobservation

B、easilycriticizeothers,researchwork

C^alwaysusehisimaginationinwork

D、easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节理解题。本题为反向选择题。由题干可定位到第四段和第五段。

第四段提到“…hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcomplete

evidenceavailable...heisnotonlycriticaloftheworkofothers,butalsoofhisown”，

由此可见，选项D与原文相悖，故为答案，同时可排除选项A和B。第五段提到

“…heneedsimaginationifhewantstomakehypotheses...由此可排除选项C。

6、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthetopic?

A、Critical.

B、Objective.

C^Biased.

D、Unclear.

标准答案：B

知识点解析•：观点态度题。从文章内容来看，作者由科学态度引出科学的两个方

面，继而阐述科学家具备什么样的态度。全文都是客观论述，并未加入作者的个人

倾向，故选B“客观的”。其他选项分别意为“批判性的”“有偏见的”和“不清楚的”，

均排除。

(1)Travelingthroughthecountryacoupleofweeksagoonbusiness,Iwaslisteningto

thetalkofthelateUKwriterDouglasAdams'masterworkTheHitchhiker'sGuidetothe

Galaxyontheradioandthought—Iknow,I'llpickupthenexthitchhikersIsecandask

themwhatthestateofrealhitchhikingistodayinBritain.Idroveanddroveonmain

roadsandsideroadslorthenextfewdaysandneversawasingleone.(2)WhenIwasin

myteensand20s,hitchhikingwasamainformoflong-distancetransport.Thekindness

orcuriosityofstrangerstookmealloverEurope,NorthAmerica,Asiaandsouthern

Africa.Someofthelift-giversbecamefriends,andmanyprovidedhospitalityonthe

road.(3)Notonlydidyoufindoutmuchmoreaboutacountrythanwhentravelingby

trainorplane,buttherewasthatelementofexcitementaboutwhereyouwouldfinishup

thatnight.HitchhikingfeaturedimportantlyinWesternculture.Ithasbooksandsongs

aboutit.Sowhathashappenedtoit?(4)Afewyearsago,Iaskedthesamequestion

abouthitchhikinginacolumnofanewspaper.Hundredsofpeoplefromalloverthe

worldrespondedwiththeirviewonthestateofhitchhiking.(5)RuralIrelandwas

recommendedasafriendlyplaceforhitchhiking,aswasQuebec,Canada一"ifyoudon't

mindbeingcriticizedfornotspeakingFrench".(6)Butwhilehitchhikingwasclearlystill

aliveandwellinsomeplaces,thegeneralfeelingwasthatthroughoutmuchoftheWest

itwasdoomed.(7)Withsomuchnewsaboutcrimeinthemedia,peopleassumedthat

anyoneontheopenroadwithoutthemoneyforevenabusticketmustpresentadanger.

Butdoweneedtobesowaryofbothhitchhikingandgivingalift?(8)InPolandinthe

1960s,accordingtoaPolishwomanwhoemailedme,"Theauthoritiesintroducedthe

Hitchhiker'sBooklet.Thebookletcontainedcouponsfordrivers,soeachtimeadriver

pickedsomebody,heorshereceivedacoupon.Attheendoftheseason,driverswhohad

pickedupthemosthikerswererewardedwithvariousprizes.Everyonewashitchhiking

then."(9)Surelythisisagoodideaforsociety.Hitchhikingwouldincreaserespectby

breakingdownbarriersbetweenstrangers.Itwouldhelpfightglobalwanningbycutting

downonfuelconsumptionashitchhikerswouldbeusingexistingfuels.Itwouldalso

improveeducationalstandardsbydeliveringinstantlessonsingeography,history,

politicsandsociology.(10)Whatisbettertimethanputtingaholidayweekendinto

practice?EitherDUIillothetestyourself,orhelpoutsomeonewhoistryingtotravel

hopefullywithhisthumboutstretched.(462words,readability64)

7、Whatisthecurrentsituationofhitchhiking?

A、Itispopularinsomepartsoftheworld.

B、ItispopularthroughouttheWest.

C>ItispopularonlyinNorthAmerica.

D、ItisstillpopularinPoland.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节理解题。由题干定位到第一段到第六段。第一段末尾提到

“…whatthestateofrealhitchhikingistodayinBritain.”,作者想看一下搭便车的情

况。第二段提到了“Europe,NorthAmerica,AsiaandsouthernAfrica”，第五段提到了

“Quebec,Canada”,这些地方的情况都比较好，但第六段提到了“Butwhile

hitchhikingwasclearlystillaliveandwellinsomeplaces,thegeneralfeelingwasthat

throughoutmuchoftheWestitwasdoomed.”,承上启下，肯定了上述地方的搭便车

情况良好，同时提出了在西方许多地区搭便车的糟糕，故A为答案。选项B意为

“在西方很流行”，与原文相悖，故排除。选项C单独强调北美，过于绝对，故排

除。选项D”在波兰依然流行”比较片面，故排除。

8、Thewriterhasmentionedallthefollowingbenefitsofhitchhiking

EXCEPT.

A、promotingmutualrespectbetweenstrangers

B、increasingone'sconfidenceinstrangers

C、protectingtheenvironment

D、enrichingone'sknowledge

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节理解题。本题为反向选择题。由题干定位到笫九段“Hitchhiking

wouldincreaserespectbybreakingdownbarriersbetweenstrangers.Itwouldhelpfight

globalwarmingbycuttingdownonfuelconsumptionashitchhikerswouldbeusing

existingfuels.Itwouldalsoimproveeducationalstandardsbydeliveringinstantlessons

ingeography,history,politicsandsociology."，由此可见搭便车的好处有A、C和

D,故排除。选项B“增强对陌生人的信任”文中未提及，故为答案。

9、Thephrase"putittothetestyourself"inPara.10means.

A、experiencethehopefulness

B、readAdams'book

C、offersomeonealift

D、beahitchhiker

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理判断题。本段提至『'Eitherputittothetestyourself,orhelpout

someonewhoistryingtotravelhopefullywiththumboutstretched."either…or…''连

接的两部分是选择关系，后半部分意思是“给别人提供搭便车的机会”，由此可.判断

出“Eitherputittothetestyourself...”的意思是“自己去体验搭便车”，故D为答案。

选项A的信息来自后半句，而且表述不准确，故排除。选项B原文中未提及，故

排除。C是后半句的内容，故排除。

(1)Whatweknowofprenataldevelopmentmakesallthisattemptmadebyamotherto

moldthecharacterofherunbornchildbystudyingpoetry,art,ormathematicsduring

pregnancyseemutterlyimpossible.Howcouldsuchextremelycomplexinfluencespass

fromthemothertothechild?Thereisnoconnectionbetweentheirnervoussystems.

Eventhebloodvesselsofmotherandchilddonotjoindirectly.Anemotionalshockto

themotherwillaffectherchild,becauseitchangestheactivityofherglandsandsothe

chemistryofherblood.Anychemicalchangeinthemother'sbloodwillaffectthechild

forbetterorworse.Butwecannotseehowalookformathematicsorpoeticgeniuscan

bedissolvedinbloodandproduceasimilarlikingorgeniusinthechild.(2)Inour

discussionofinstinctswesawthattherewasreasontobelievethatwhateverweinherit

mustbesomeverysimplesortratherthananycomplicatedorverydefinitekindof

behavior.Itiscertainthatnooneinheritsknowledgeofmathematics.Itmaybe,however,

thatchildreninheritmoreorlessofarathergeneralabilitythatwcmaycallintelligence.

Ifveryintelligentchildrenbecomedeeplyinterestedinmathematics,theywillprobably

makeasuccessofthatstudy.(3)Asformusicalability,itmaybethatwhatisinheritedis

anespeciallysensitiveear,apeculiarstructureofthehandsorthevocalorgan

connectionsbetweennervesandmusclesthatmakeitcomparativelyeasytolearnthe

movementsamusicianmustexecute,andparticularlyvigorousemotions.Ifthesefactors

areallorganizedaroundmusic,thechildmaybecomeamusician.Thesamefactors,in

othercircumstancesmightbeorganizedaboutsomeothercenterofinterest.Therich

emotionalequipmentmightfindexpressioninpoetry.Thecapablefingersmightdevelop

skillinsurgery.Itisnottheknowledgeofmusicthatisinherited,noreventheloveofit,

butacertainbodilystructurethatmakesitcomparativelyeasytoacquiremusical

knowledgeandskill.Whetherthatabilityshallbedirectedtowardmusicorsomeother

undertakingmaybedecidedentirelybyforcesintheenvironmentinwhichachildgrows

up.(372words,readability45.6)

10、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A、Somemotherstrytoinfluencetheirunbornchildrenbystudyingartandother

subjectsduringtheirpregnancy.

B、Itisutterlyimpossibleforustolearnanythingaboutprenataldevelopment.

C、Thebloodvesselsofmotherandchilddonotjoindirectly.

D、Therearenoconnectionbetweenmother'snervoussystemsandherunbornchild's.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节理解题。本题为反向选择题。由题干可定位至文中首段，该段第

一句提至II”…bystudyingpoetry,art,ormathematicsduringpregnancyseemutterly

impossible”,由此可知，这句中的seemutterlyimpossible是指母亲试图在怀孕期间

通过学习诗歌、艺术或数学来塑造未出生孩子的性格似乎是完全不可能实现的，因

此，选项B与文义不符，但与题干要求相符，故为正确答案，排除其他选项。

11、Amotherwillaffectherunbornbabyonconditionthat.

A、sheisemotionallyshocked

B、shehasagoodknowledgeofinheritance

C^shetakespartinallkindofactivities

D、shestickstostudying

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节理解题。文中首段提到“Anemotionalshocktothemotherwill

affectherchild../*,由此可知母亲的情感冲击会影响她的孩子,故A选项正确。文

中第二段指出childreninheritmoreorlessofarathergeneralabilitythatwemaycall

intelligence,由此可知，孩子可能会遗传父母的智力，B选项与文义不符，C和D

选项文中未提及，故排除选项B、C和D。

12>Accordingtothepassage,achildmayinherit.

A、everythingfromhisorhermother

B、knowledgeofmathematics

C>arathergeneralabilitythatwecallintelligence

D、hisorhermother'smusicalability

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。文中首段提到母亲除了在情绪上会影响她未出生的孩

子，其他方面似乎是不大可能遗传的，但在第二段作者提到“Itmaybe,however,that

childreninheritmoreorlessofarathergeneralabilitythatwemaycallintelligence”,由

此可知，孩子可能或多或少地遗传一种相当普遍的能力，我们可以称之为智力。如

果非常聪明的孩子对数学产生浓厚兴趣，他们就有可能在数学上有一番作为。故C

选项正确，排除选项B“遗传数学知识”。选项A说法绝对，也与文义不符；D选项

“遗传母亲的音乐能力”与第三段首句“Asformusicalability,itmaybethatwhatis

inheritedisanespeciallysensitiveear,apeculiarstructureofthehandsorthevocal

organsconnectionsbetweennervesandmuscles"(至于音乐能力，也许可遗传的仅是

一只特别灵敏的耳朵，一种手部的特殊结构，或是神经和肌肉之间的发音器官的连

接)说法不符，故排除选项A和D,

(1)Imaginingbeingaskedtospendtwelveorsoyearsofyourlifeinasocietywhich

consistedonlyofmembersofyourownsex.Howwouldyoureact?Unlesstherewas

somethingdefinitelywrongwithyou,youwouldn'tbetoohappyaboutit,tosaytheleast.

Therefore,itisallthemoresurprisingthatsomanyparentsintheworldchoosetoimpose

suchabnormalconditionsontheirchildrenwhichtheythemselveswouldn'tputupwith

foroneminute!(2)Anydiscussionofthistopicisboundtoquestiontheaimsof

education.Stuffingchildren'sheadsfullofknowledgeisfarfrombeingforemostamong

them.Oneofthechiefaimsofeducationistoequipfuturecitizenswithalltheyrequire

totaketheirplaceinaduksociety.(3)Nowadultsocietyismadeupofmenandwomen,

sohowcanasegregatedschoolpossiblyoffertherightsortofpreparationforit?Anyone

enteringadultsocietyafteryearsofsegregationcanonlybeinforashock.(4)Aco­

educationalschoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.

Boysandgirlsaregiventheopportunitytogettoknoweachother,tolearntolive

togetherfromtheirearliestyears.Theyareputinapositionwheretheycancompare

themselveswitheachotherintermsofacademicability,athleticachievementandmany

oftheextra-curricularactivitieswhicharcpartofschoollife.(5)Whatapractical

advantageitis(togivejustasmallexample)tobeabletoputonaschoolplayinwhich

themalepartswillbetakenbyboysandthefemalepartsbygirls!Whatnonsense

coeducationmakesoftheargumentthatboysareclevererthangirlsorviceversa.When

segregated,boysandgirlsaremadetofeelthattheyarearaceapart.Rivalrybetweenthe

sexesisfostered.(6)Inaco-educationalschool,everythingfallsintoitsproperplace.But

perhapsthegreatestcontributionofco-educationisthehealthyattitudetolifeit

encourages.Boysdon'tgrowupbelievingthatwomenaremysteriouscreatures一airy

goddesses,morelikebook-illustrationstoafairytale,thanhumanbeings.Girlsdon't

growupimaginingthatmenareromanticheroes.(7)Yearsoflivingtogetheratschool

dispelillusionsofthiskind.Therearenogoddesseswiihfreckles,pigtails,piercing

voicesandinkyfingers.Therearenoromanticheroeswithknobblyknees,dirty

fingernailsandunkempthair.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocus

someofthephysicalandemotionalproblemsinvolvedingrowingup.Thesecanbetter

beovercomeinaco-cducationalenvironment.(8)Segregatedschoolssometimesprovide

therightconditionsfbrsexualdeviation.Thisishardlypossibleunderaco-educational

system.Whenthetimecomesforthepupilstoleaveschool,theyarefullypreparedto

entersocietyaswell-adjustedadults.Theyhavealreadyhadyearsofexperiencein

copingwithmanyoftheproblemsthatfacemenandwomen.(500words,readability57)

13、Whalduesuu-cduualiunofferluchildren?

A、Asociety.

B、Atruesmallmodelofsociety.

C、Areallife.

D、Aversionofsocialcondition.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节理解题。由题干定位到第四段“Aco-cducationalschooloffers

childrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.”,由此得知，男女合校

为学生提供一个真实社会的缩影，与选项B相符，故B为正确答案。其他三个选

项分别意为“社会”“真实生活”和"社会状况的描述”，都没有B准确，故排除。

14、Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A、OnlyCo-educationCanBeinHarmonywithSociety.

B、PeopleAreinGreatNeedofCo-education.

C、AnyFormofEducationOtherThanCo-educationIsSimplyUnthinkable.

D、Co-educationHasManyFeatures.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：主旨大意题。文章开头提到“Imaginingbeingaskedtospendtwelveor

soyearsofyourlifeinasocietywhichconsistedonlyofmembersofyourownsex.How

wouldyoureact?Unlesstherewassomethingdefinitelywrongwithyou,youwouldn't

betoohappyaboutit,tosaytheleast."，言外之意就显男女分开教育的学校难以想

象。第二段“Oneofthechiefaimsofeducationistoequipfuturecitizenswithallthey

requiretotaketheirplaceinadultsociety.”分析教育的目的之一是为学生进入成人社

会有一席之地做好准备，后面几段分析了男女合校的优点和分校的弊端。由此可判

断，选项C最为合适，故C为正确答案。选项A“只有男女合校教育能与社会协

调”太过绝对，故排除。选项B能通过文章体现出来，但文中更加突出的还是男女

分校和合校的对比，此选项不够准确，故排除。选项D“男女合校有很多特点”文中

有所提及，但与B类似，概括不太准确，故排除。

15、Whydoboysandgirlsinco-educationhavenoillusionsabouteachother?

A、Theylivetogetherandknowlittleabouteachother.

B、Yearsoflivingtogetheralschooldismisssuchillusions.

C^Co-educationencouragesthemtohaveahealthyattitudetowardlife.

D、1heyarefamiliarwitheachother'sproblems.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节理解题。由题干定位到倒数第二段开头“Yearsoflivingtogetherat

schooldispelillusionsofthiskind.”,选项B中的dismiss与原文中的dispel是同义替

换，故B为正确答案。选项A“他们相互太了解了“太过于绝对，故排除。选项

C“男女合校教育让学生拥有健康的生活态度”在倒数第三段中被提到，但这不是学

生消除幻想的原因，而是结果，故排除。选项D”他们对彼此的问题很熟悉”文中并

未提及，故排除。

(1)OfallthechangesthathavetakenplaceinEnglish-languagenewspapersduringthe

pastquarter-century,perhapsthemostfar-reachinghasbeentheinexorabledeclineinthe

scopeandseriousnessof(heirartscoverage.(2)Itisdifficulttothepointofimpossibility

fortheaveragereaderundertheageoffortytoimagineatimewhenhigh-qualityarts

criticismcouldbefoundinmostbig-citynewspapers.Yetaconsiderablenumberofthe

mostsignificantcollectionsofcriticismpublishedinthe20thcenturyconsistedinlarge

partofnewspaperreviews.Toreadsuchbookstodayislomarvelatthefactthattheir

learnedcontentswereoncedeemedsuitableforpublicationingeneral-circulationdailies.

(3)Weareevenfartherremovedfromtheunfocusednewspaperreviewspublishedin

Englandbetweentheturnofthe20thcenturyandtheeveofWorldWarII,atatime

whennewsprintwasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsideredanornamenrto

thepublicationsinwhichitappeared.Inthosefar-offdays,itwastakenforgrantedthat

thecriticsofmajorpaperswouldwriteindetailandatlengthabouttheeventsthey

covered.Theirswasaseriousbusiness,andeventhosereviewerswhowrotetheir

learninglightly,likeGeorgeBernardShawandErnestNewman,couldbetrustedto

knowwhattheywereabout.Thesemenbelievedinjournalismasacalling,andwere

proudtobepublishedinthedailypress."Sofewauthorshavebrainsenoughorliterary

giftsenoughtokeeptheirownendupinjournalism,"Newmanwrote,"thatIamtempted

todefine'journalism*as'atermofcontemptappliedbywriterswhoarenotreadto

writerswhoare'."(4)Unfortunately,thesecriticsarevirtuallyforgotten.NevilleCardus,

whowrotefortheManchesterGuardianfrom1917untilshortlybeforehisdeathin1975,

isnowknownsolelyasawriterofessaysonthegameofcricket.Duringhislifetime,

though,hewasalsooneofEngland'sforemostclassical-musiccritics,astylistsowidely

admiredthathisAutobiography(1947)becameabest-seller.Hewasknightedin1967,

thefirstmusiccritictobesohonored.Yetonlyoneofhisbooksisnowinprint,andhis

vastbodyofwritingsonmusicisunknownsavetospecialists.(5)Isthereanychance

thatCardus'criticismwillenjoyarevival?Theprospectseemsremote.Journalistictastes

hadchangedlongbeforehisdeath,andpostmodernreadershavelittleusefortherichly

upholsteredVicwardianproseinwhichhespecialized.Moreover,theamateurtraditionin

musiccriticismhasbeeninheadlongretreat.(434words,readability51.3)

16^Itisindicatedinthefirstandsecondparagraphsthat.

A、artscriticismhasdisappearedfrombig-citynewspapers

B、English-languagenewspapersusedtocarrymoreartsreviews

C^high-qualitynewspapersretainalargebodyofreaders

D、youngreadersdoubtihcsuitabilityofcriticismindailies

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。笫一段提到(heinexorabledeclineinthescopeand

seriousnessoftheirartscoverage,表明过去英语报纸的艺术评论比现在多，故B为

正确答案。选项A“现在艺术评论已经从大城市的报纸上消失了”与文中的decline

相悖，故排除。选项C“高质量的报纸留住了大批读者”文中未提及，故排除。选项

D“年轻读者怀疑日报上评论的合适性”与文中第二段末尾的“T。readsuchbooks

todayistomarvelatthefactthattheirlearnedcontentswereoncedeemedsuitablefor

publicationingeneral-circulationdailies.”相矛盾，因为这句表明现在的读者不禁公费

叹日报上的评论，故排除D。

17、WhichofthefollowingwouldShawandNewmanmostprobablyagreeon?

A^Itiswriters,dutytoftilfilljournalisticgoals.

B、Itiscontemptibleforwriterstobejournalists.

C、Writersarelikelytobetemptedintojournalism.

D^Notallwritersarecapableofjournalisticwriting.

标准答案：D」

知识点解析：推理判断题。由题干定位到第三段末尾“Newman…todefine

'journalism'as'atennofcontemptappliedbywriterswhoarenotreadtowriterswho

are，.”，这句话表明，以Newman为代表的新闻评论家把新闻写作看作“不被阅读的

作家对被阅读的作家的蔑视“，由此推断，并不是所有的作家都擅长新闻写作，故

D为正确答案。本段1j4间提到“Thesemenbelievedinjournalismasacalling,andwere

proudtobepublishedinthedailypress/*,由此得知，这些作家将新闻报道看作使

命，以在日报上发表文章为豪。选项A是对本句的曲解，因为它的意思是“作家的

使命是完成新闻创作目标”，作家和新闻作家并不是同一个概念，故排除。选项B

的