辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体2026届高三二模英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体2026届高三二模英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.Whatwastheactualviewfromthewoman’sroom?A.Amountainrange. B.Apowerplant. C.TheVictoriaFalls.【答案】B【原文】M:HowwasyourvacationintheVictoriaFalls?W:Wehadplannedtoseethefallsfromourroom,butinstead,weonlyhadaviewofthepowerplantthatwasfedbythefalls.2.Whatwillthewomandrink?A.Soda. B.Tea. C.Coffee.【答案】C【原文】M:Wouldyoulikeacupofteaandsomebiscuits?W:Well,Idon'tdrinktea.Doyouhaveanysodaorcoffee?M:Yes,letmemakeyouacupofcoffee.3.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Gotoplaybasketball.C.Havedinnerwiththeman.【答案】A【原文】M:Wouldyouliketocomeoverandhavedinnertonight,Lily?W:Oh,I’msorry,Bill.Myparentswanttotakemetotheconcertinthestadiumtonight.M:Nevermind.Haveagoodtime.4.Whatwillthemanprobablytakefordinner?A.Someflowers. B.Avaluablepresent. C.ApresentfromEngland.【答案】A【原文】M:I’vebeeninvitedtohavedinnerthiseveningbutIdon’tknowwhattowear.I’dalsoliketotakeasmallpresent.Doyouhaveanyideas?W:Justbeinformal,andI’msurethey’dappreciatesomeflowersandmaybesomethingfromScotland.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Apianoconcert. B.Amusical. C.Adancecompetition.【答案】B【原文】W:Whatafantasticperformance!Thankyouforinvitingmetothemusical.Itwasevenmoreenjoyablethanapianoconcert.M:I’mhappyyouenjoyedtheshow.Thedancers’performancewasanabsoluteeye-openerforme.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whathelpsthewomanfeelenergeticinthemorning?A.Listeningtonewmusic. B.Swimmingwithfriends. C.Swimminginawarmpool.7.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A.Joinaswimminggroup. B.BuyanMP3player. C.Swimwiththewoman.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】M:Youseemalwaysfullofenergy!What’syoursecret?W:Ijustgotbackfrommymorningswim.It’slikeahiddentreasureforme.M:Swimming?Butthepoolmustbefreezingcold.W:I’vegotthisamazingnewwaterproofmusicplayer,anditkeepsmegoing.Plus,Iswimwithagroupoffriends.M:MaybeIshouldfindsomeonetogetmeoffthecouch.W:Let’shitthepooltogethersometime.M:Yougotyourselfadeal!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhatdidthemanthinkoftheSkyRocketride?A.Thrilling. B.Boring. C.Scary.9.Whatmightthewomandothisweekend?A.Stayathome. B.Dosomereading. C.Visittheamusementpark.10.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends. B.Businesspartners. C.Wifeandhusband.【答案】8.A9.C10.A【原文】W:Hi,Jack,howwasyourweekend?M:Prettygood!Iwenttotheamusementparkwithmyfamily.Werodearollercoastercalled“SkyRocket”.W:Oh,I’veheardofit.It’ssupposedtobesuperthrilling.M:Yes.Theridewassofastandhigh.Itfeltlikewewereflyingthroughtheair.W:Thatsoundsamazing!Iloverideslikethat.Theyreallygetyourheartracing.Bytheway,whatdidyouguysdoaftertherollercoaster?M:Wedecidedtohavesomeice-creamandthenwentonafewmorerides.Weweretalkingabouthowmuchfunwewerehavingthewholetime.W:Youguysreallyknowhowtohaveagreattime.Ijuststayedathomeanddidsomereading.MaybeI’llheadtotheamusementparkthisweekend.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Buyanewbattery.B.Buyanewcomputer.C.Exchangeanewcomputer.12.Whydoesthewomanrefusetheman’srequest?A.Hehasnoreceipt.B.Therefundperiodhaspassed.C.Thecomputerisnotdamaged.13.Whatsolutiondoesthewomanoffer?A.Afullrefund.B.Adiscountonrepaircost.C.Freerepairfromthefactory.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【原文】M:Iboughtthecomputerherejustaboutamonthago,andnowIcan’tturniton.W:MayIaskwhathappened?M:Iaccidentallydroppedit.W:Oh,nowonderitcan’trespond.M:Now,I’dliketoexchangeitforanotherone.Here’smyreceipt.W:I’msorry,butyouboughtthecomputerover30daysago,sowecan’trefundyourmoney.M:SowhatshouldIdoatthispoint?W:Well,youcouldsendittothefactory.Sincethecomputerwasboughtlessthanayearago,theycanrepairitforfree.Andtheyofferhalfpriceifyouwanttoexchangeitforanewone.M:That’sgood.HowcanIreachthem?W:Letmegiveyoutheirphonenumber.Youcanalsomakearequestonline,butI’mnotsureyoucandothat.Youdon’thaveaccesstotheInternet,amIright?M:Yeah,you’reright.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisjob?A.Surprised. B.Satisfied. C.Stressed.15.Whatdoesthemandonow?A.Heassiststhephotographer.B.Hetakesphotographsofthemodels.C.Hewritesarticlesforthemagazine.16.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?A.Inatrainingcenter. B.Inabookshop. C.Inamagazinecompany.17.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Recommendhertothemagazine.B.Getherajobinanewbookstore.C.Helpherwithphotography.【答案】14.B15.A16.B17.A【原文】W:Hi,Ihaven’tseenyouforages.AreyouOK?M:Yes,I’vegotagreatjob.Andit’sinthecenteroftown,nearwhereIlive.W:Sowhatdoyoudoexactly?M:Well,atpresent,Iassistthephotographerwhenhetakesphotographsofthemodelsforthemagazine.W:Soyou’reaphotographernow?M:Well,notyet.I’mdoingacourse.Ihelphimtocarrytheequipment.Whataboutyou?Areyouworking?W:Yes,Iam.ButIwanttobeaphotographertoo.Youknow.AndI’vegotanawfuljobinabookshop.M:What’swrongwiththat?Bookshopsareveryinterestingplaces.W:Notthisone.It’sextremelyboringinfact.M:Whydon’tyoutrytogetajobinanewbookshop?W:Iwanttobecomeaphotographer.SocouldyouaskifIcanhaveajobinyourmagazine?M:OK.I’lltry.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.WhatisLisadoing?A.Hostingashow. B.Hostingadiscussion. C.Recommendingawebsite.19.WhatisEmily'sroleinChangiVillagers?A.Aneditor. B.Afounder. C.Acontributor.20.WhatcanweinferaboutEmily?A.Shedislikestechnology.B.Shelikessharinglocalnews.C.Sheiseagertohelpothers.【答案】18.A19.C20.C【原文】W:Goodmorning,everyone!I’mLisa.Intoday’seditionofRoleModelsAroundUs,wehaveaveryspecialguest—Emily,a65-year-oldgrandmother.Asmanyofyouknow,ourneighborhoodblog,ChangiVillagers,hasbeenafantasticplatformforsharinglocalnewsandevents.Well,guesswhat?Emilyisthecontributorbehindit!She’stheonewhokeepsusallinformedandconnected.Butthat’snotall.EmilyalsostartedanotherblogcalledResourcesNearby.Thisoneisespeciallyhelpfulforresidentswhoneedahandwiththingslikemovingheavyfurnitureorjustneedsomeonetotalktoabouttheirproblems.Emilytrulycaresaboutourcommunity.AndEmilyhasagreatpassionforlearning.Shealwayssays,“It’snevertoolatetolearn.”Infact,she’sabouttolaunchanewwebsitejustforstudents.Thiswebsitewillhelpthemlearnmoreabouttopicslikethehistoryofourneighborhood,famousscientists,andtheamazinginventionstheycreated.Emilyisawonderfulrolemodelforallofus.Now,let’sgiveawarmwelcometoEmily!第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACampAmericaisthechancetodosomethingdifferentwithyoursummer,livingandworkingeitherwithchildrenasanactivityleaderorbehindthescenesassupportstaff.Intermsofbroadeningyourhorizons,seeinganothercountryinawholenewlight,meetingnewpeople,andaddingvitalexperiencetoyourCV(简历),weprovideanexcellentculturalexchangeprogramme.Thepriceofourprogrammeincludes:Traveltoyourcamp,includingflightsfrommajorglobalcitiesthatwerecruit(征募)in.ReturnflightsfromNewYorktoyourcityofdeparture.Accommodationandfoodforyourentirestayoncamp.Pocketmoney.GroupInternationalAccident&SicknessCoverageforyourentirestayintheUS.Timeandage:Applicantsneedtobeavailabletoflytocampbetweenthedatesof1stMayandtheircountry-specificlatestdeparturedateattheendofJune.Wedoaskthatallapplicantsbeavailabletobeatcampforaminimumof9weeks.Itisavisa(签证)regulationthatparticipantsmustbe18whentheyflytotheUS.Therefore,CampAmericadoesnotacceptapplicantswhoarenot18by15thofJune.Youcanstartyourapplicationbeforeyouturn18aslongasyourbirthdayiswithinthefullapplicationseasonandbefore15thJune.Aboutyourwork:We’llhelpyougetyourplacementinsummercampsintheUS.We’llalsoserveasthesponsornecessaryforyoutogetyourJ-1visa.You’llreceivepaymentforyourplacementatcamp(wecallitpocketmoney).Asafirst-timeapplicant,you’llgetanywherebetween$1,000and$2,150dependingonyourcountryofapplication,skilllevelandexperience.Asareturner,youwillbeabletonegotiateyourownsalarydirectwiththecamp.21.Whatisarequirementforapplicantsoftheprogramme?A.Theymustbe18byJune15th.B.TheymustarriveatcampbyMay1st.C.Theyhavetobeaged18orovertoapply.D.Theycanstayatcampfor9weeksatmost.22.Whatdoweknowaboutreturnapplicants?A.Theyreceiveafixedamountofpocketmoney.B.Theyareguaranteedahigherpositionatcamp.C.Theyhavethechancetodeterminetheirownpay.D.Theydon’tnecessarilyapplyforaJ-1visaagain.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertiseacampprogramme.B.Topresentacamper’sdailyduties.C.Tocomparevariouscampjobs.D.Toexplainanovelvisapolicy.【答案】21.A22.C23.A【语篇解读】文章主要介绍美国夏令营项目的内容、费用、时间年龄要求及工作相关信息，吸引人们申请该项目。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据Timeandage中的“Itisavisa(签证)regulationthatparticipantsmustbe18whentheyflytotheUS.Therefore,CampAmericadoesnotacceptapplicantswhoarenot18by15thofJune.(参与者飞往美国时必须年满18岁，这是一项签证规定。因此，CampAmerica不接受6月15日前未满18岁的申请人)”可知，该项目对申请人的要求是必须在6月15日前年满18岁。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Asareturner,youwillbeabletonegotiateyourownsalarydirectwiththecamp.(作为回头客，你可以直接与营地协商自己的薪水)”可知，回头申请人有机会决定自己的报酬。【23题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国夏令营项目的相关信息，包括项目内容、费用包含项、时间年龄要求、工作安排及报酬等，目的是为该夏令营项目做广告，吸引人们申请。BTobieSpearshasalwayshadwanderlust(旅行癖).Severalyearsago,shehittheroadagaintoseetheworld.SheandherhusbanddrovesouththroughMexicoandintoGuatemala.Whatgreetedthemwasnothingshortofbreathtaking:verdantjungles(丛林),crystallakes,wideriversandnativeresidentshavinglivedthereforthousandsofyears.InaGuatemalanvillage,itwaswhenSpearsandherhusbandrentedasmallhousethattheyrealizedthelivingconditionsweremoreprimitivethanbackhome,butthesimplelifewasappealing.Despitetheircheerfulness,thelocalpeoplestruggledwithharshrealities:notenoughfoodtoeat,pooreducationalopportunities,andnoreliablewaytobuildaself-sufficientlife.Spearswonderedwhatshecoulddothatwouldmakealastingchange.“Wedidn’twanttogivethemafewthingsandleave,”shesaid.“Wewantedtohelp,andtheywereabletomanageitontheirown.”Sotheystartedteaching,focusingonincomeopportunity.Thecoupletaughtskillslikehowtouseasewingmachine,howtocreateamoreproductivegarden,andhowtochargeforservicesandmanageresources.Theirfirstfewyearscenteredoncompletingprojects,althoughtravelingfourtimesayearmadeitdifficulttokeeptheeffortgoing.Intime,thelocalstooktoit.Theverticalgardeningtechniquestookroot,whichmademorevegetablesavailable.Afewsewingmachinesarrived,andskilledseamstressesemerged.ThenSpearsrealizedsheneededhelp.Shereachedouttofriends,andthejointeffortwasorganizedintoanonprofit:BeHumanitarian.Withtheformalizationofthenonprofit,theimpactoutgreweventheirownexpectations,moresponsorsandvolunteersjoiningtheinitiative.AcommunitygrewuparoundthevillageinGuatemala,withpeoplecomingfourtimesayeartosupport,loveanddiscoverwhatreallymatters.“It’sthepeopleyoumeetandtherelationshipsyoubuildthatwillfillyourlifewiththefeelingofgenuinehappiness,”saidSpears.24.WhatfirstimpressedSpearsandherhusbanduponarrivinginGuatemala?A.Theresidents’richtraditionalculture.B.Thegraylandscapeoflocalvillages.C.Thearea’sattractivenaturalscenery.D.Thelocals’difficultlivingconditions.25.HowdidSpearsandherhusbandhelppeopleinGuatemala?A.Byhandingoutplentyofdonations.B.Byhelpingthemsustainthemselves.C.Bytellingthemtoquittheirinitialwork.D.Byconvincingthemtovalueeducation.26.HowdidpeoplereacttoBeHumanitarian?A.Theyincreasedtheirvisits. B.Theywereinfavorofit.C.Theyappearedresistanttoit. D.Theyquittedtheirteaching.27.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FromaNonprofittoaVillage B.FromSightseeingtoSettlingDownC.HowWanderTurnedWonder D.HowaCoupleDevelopedWanderlust【答案】24.C25.B26.B27.C【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了TobieSpears夫妇在旅行中帮助危地马拉当地村民学习技能、实现自给自足，并最终创立非营利组织BeHumanitarian的故事。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whatgreetedthemwasnothingshortofbreathtaking:verdantjungles(丛林),crystallakes,widerivers...(迎接他们的景象令人叹为观止：翠绿的丛林、水晶般的湖泊、宽阔的河流……)”可知，吸引Spears和丈夫的是该地区迷人的自然风光。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中““Wedidn’twanttogivethemafewthingsandleave,”shesaid.“Wewantedtohelp,andtheywereabletomanageitontheirown.”

Sotheystartedteaching,focusingonincomeopportunity.Thecoupletaughtskillslikehowtouseasewingmachine,howtocreateamoreproductivegarden,andhowtochargeforservicesandmanageresources.(“我们不想给他们一些东西就离开，”她说。“我们想提供帮助，而他们能够自己管理。”于是，他们开始教学，重点放在创收机会上。这对夫妇传授了诸如如何使用缝纫机、如何建造更高产的花园、以及如何为服务收费和管理资源等技能。)”可知，Spears和丈夫通过帮助他们自给自足来提供帮助。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Withtheformalizationofthenonprofit,theimpactoutgreweventheirownexpectations,moresponsorsandvolunteersjoiningtheinitiative.(随着这个非营利组织的正式成立，其影响力甚至超出了他们自己的预期，更多的赞助商和志愿者加入了这项倡议)”可推知，人们支持BeHumanitarian。【27题详析】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了TobieSpears夫妇在旅行中帮助危地马拉当地村民学习技能、实现自给自足，并最终创立非营利组织BeHumanitarian的故事。故C项“HowWanderTurnedWonder(一场漫游，成就一份美好善举)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。C“Weallknowthatwhenthere’sanearthquakeoratsunami,thefirstthingthatgoesdownisthepowerline.Whenit’satnight,we’renotgoingtowaituntilthenextmorningtorescuesurvivors.”saidNitinSanket,assistantprofessorofroboticsengineeringatWorcesterPolytechnicInstitute.“Sowestartedlookingatnature.Isthereacreatureintheworldwhichcanactuallydothis?”Sanketandhisstudentsfoundtheiranswerinbatsandthewingedmammal’sremarkableabilitytoecholocate,orfindtheirwayviareflectedsound.They’redevelopingairrobotsthatcanbeflownwhereandwhencurrentdronescan’toperate.Sanket’sdronefitsinthepalmofhishand,andismademostlyfrominexpensivehobby-gradematerialsandcanoperateinthedark.Asmallultrasonic(超声的)sensor,notunlikethoseusedinautomaticfaucets(龙头)inpublicrestrooms,copiesbatbehavior,sendingoutapulse(脉冲)ofhigh-frequencysoundandusingtheechotodetectobstaclesinitspath.Duringarecentdemonstration,astudentusedaremotecontroltolaunchthedroneinabrightlylitroomandthenagainafterturningoffallbutafaintlyglowingredlight.Asitapproachedatransparentglasswall,thedronerepeatedlystoppedandbackedaway,evenwiththelightsoffandwithfogandfakesnowfloatingintheair.Yet,theresearchdidn’talwaysgetalongwell.Theresearchersrealizedthatthenoiseofthebatrobotdisturbedtheultrasound,requiring3D-printedshellstominimizethedisturbance.TheyalsousedAItoteachthedronehowtofilter(过滤)andinterpretsoundsignals.Still,there’salongwaytogotomatchbats,whichcancontracttheirearmusclestolistenonlytocertainechoesandcandetectsomethingassmallasahumanhairfromseveralmetersaway.Sanketsaid,“Wearenowhereclosetowhatnaturehasachieved,butsomedaywewillbethereandthesewillbeusefulforapplicationinthewild.”28.WhydidSanket’steamstudybats?A.Fortheirphysicalstrength. B.Fortheirhighflightspeed.C.Fortheireasyaccessibility. D.Fortheirnavigationskills.29.Whatcanwelearnaboutthedronefromthedemonstration?A.Itcouldevenbreakthroughglasswalls.B.Itperformedwellregardlessofvisibility.C.Itrequiredadjustmenttoavoidobstacles.D.Itneededhumanhelptodetectobstacles.30.Whatchallengedidtheresearchersencounterduringtheresearch?A.Thematerialswerehardlyaccessible.B.Thesensorgeneratedtoomuchnoise.C.TheAIsystemfailedtoprocessthesoundsignals.D.Thedrone’soperationalnoiseaffecteditssensor.31.WhatdoesSanketthinkoftheirpresentachievement?A.Itneedsfurtherdevelopment. B.It’sunrealisticforpracticaluse.C.Itisreadyforwidespreaduse. D.Ithasalreadyoutperformedbats.【答案】28.D29.B30.D31.A【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了桑凯特团队受蝙蝠启发研发可在黑暗中飞行的无人机及面临的挑战。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Sanket’sdronefitsinthepalmofhishand,andismademostlyfrominexpensivehobby-gradematerialsandcanoperateinthedark.Asmallultrasonic(超声的)sensor,notunlikethoseusedinautomaticfaucets(龙头)inpublicrestrooms,copiesbatbehavior,sendingoutapulse(脉冲)ofhigh-frequencysoundandusingtheechotodetectobstaclesinitspath.(桑凯特的无人机可以放在他的手掌中，主要由便宜的业余级材料制成，可以在黑暗中运行。一个小型超声波传感器，与公共卫生间自动水龙头中使用的传感器类似，模仿蝙蝠的行为，发出高频声脉冲，并利用回声探测路径中的障碍物。)”可知，桑凯特的团队研究蝙蝠是为了它们的导航技能。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Duringarecentdemonstration,astudentusedaremotecontroltolaunchthedroneinabrightlylitroomandthenagainafterturningoffallbutafaintlyglowingredlight.Asitapproachedatransparentglasswall,thedronerepeatedlystoppedandbackedaway,evenwiththelightsoffandwithfogandfakesnowfloatingintheair.(在最近的一次演示中，一名学生用遥控器在一个光线明亮的房间里发射无人机，然后在关掉所有灯，只留一盏微弱的红灯后再次发射。当它接近一堵透明的玻璃墙时，无人机反复停下并后退，即使是在灯光熄灭、空气中弥漫着雾气和假雪的情况下。)”可知，从演示中我们可以了解到无人机无论能见度如何都表现良好。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Yet,theresearchdidn’talwaysgetalongwell.Theresearchersrealizedthatthenoiseofthebatrobotdisturbedtheultrasound,requiring3D-printedshellstominimizethedisturbance.(然而，研究并不总是一帆风顺。研究人员意识到，蝙蝠机器人的噪音干扰了超声波，需要3D打印外壳来尽量减少干扰。)”可知，研究人员在研究过程中遇到的挑战是无人机的操作噪音影响了它的传感器。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still,there’salongwaytogotomatchbats,whichcancontracttheirearmusclestolistenonlytocertainechoesandcandetectsomethingassmallasahumanhairfromseveralmetersaway.Sanketsaid,“Wearenowhereclosetowhatnaturehasachieved,butsomedaywewillbethereandthesewillbeusefulforapplicationinthewild.”(尽管如此，要赶上蝙蝠还有很长的路要走，蝙蝠可以收缩耳部肌肉，只听特定的回声，并且可以从几米外探测到像人类头发一样小的东西。桑凯特说：“我们离大自然所取得的成就还差得很远，但总有一天我们会达到那个水平，这些将对野外应用有用。”)”可知，桑凯特认为他们目前的成就需要进一步发展。DNewresearchsuggeststhatattentiondoesnotremainsteady.Instead,itfluctuates(波动)inarapidcycle,shiftingfocusaboutseventotentimespersecond.Thisconstantsamplingoftheenvironmentmayhavehelpedhumanssurvive.Forourancestorswhohadtocontinuetomonitortheenvironmentforattackerswhilesearchingforfood,thiswasbeneficial.IanFiebelkorn,assistantprofessorofNeuroscienceattheDelMonteInstituteforNeuroscienceattheUniversityofRochester,said,“Intoday’sworld,withlaptopsopeninfrontofusandasmartphonenearby,rhythmicallyoccurringwindowsforbeneficialattentionalshiftsmightalsoworkagainstus.Thatis,rhythmicallyoccurringwindowsforattentionalshiftsarealsoassociatedwithincreasedsusceptibilitytodistractinginformation.”Toinvestigatethesubtleshiftsinattention,ZachRedding,thefirstauthorofthestudy,recordedbrainactivityusinganelectroencephalogram(EEG).Intheexperiment,40participantsfocusedonadimgraysquarepositionedatthecenterofacomputerscreen.Atthesametime,coloreddotsappearedasdistractions.TheEEGdatarevealedrepeatingpatternsinbrainactivitythatpredictedwhenattentionwasmorelikelytomovetowardadistractor.Thesecyclesoccurredroughlyseventotentimespersecond.Theyalsolinedupwithalternating(交替的)periodsinwhichparticipantswerebetterorworseatnoticingthecentraltarget.Whennoticingperformancedropped,participantsweremoreeasilydistracted.Thefindingsmayhelpresearchersbetterunderstandattention-relatedconditionssuchasADHD(注意缺陷障碍).AlthoughthestudydidnotdirectlyexaminepeoplewithADHD,itofferscluesabouthowdifferencesinthesebrainrhythmscouldinfluencefocusanddistractibility.“Ourresearchshowsthatthetypicalbrainrhythmicallyalternatesbetweenstatesthatpromoteeitherincreasedprocessingatthepresentfocusofattentionoranincreasedlikelihoodofshiftingattentionalresourceselsewhere,”saidFiebelkorn.“ItcouldbethatthebrainsofpeoplewithADHDdonotalternatebetweenthesestatesasoften,resultinginalossofcognitiveflexibility.”32.Howdidattentionfluctuationsbenefitancienthumans?A.Theyhelpedthemdiscoverfoodeasily.B.Theyenabledthemtowatchfordangers.C.Theymadethemfocusonthingsbetter.D.Theyadaptedthemtotheenvironment.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“susceptibility”inparagraph2mean?A.Defenselessness. B.Resistance. C.Dedication. D.Adaptation.34.WhatdidtheEEGresultsshow?A.Participantsignoredthecentraltarget.B.Distractingdotshadnoinfluenceatall.C.Brainwavesremainedunchangedsteadily.D.Distractionfollowedbrainrhythmchanges.35.WhatisFiebelkorn’sexplanationaboutpeoplewithADHD?A.Theyhavestrongercognitiveflexibility.B.Theyfocusbetterthanordinarypeople.C.Theirbrainstatesswitchlessregularly.D.Theirbrainrhythmsworkmuchfaster.【答案】32.B33.A34.D35.C【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了注意力以每秒约7到10次的频率快速波动循环，这种波动对古代人类有生存优势，但在现代环境中可能导致更容易分心。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Newresearchsuggeststhatattentiondoesnotremainsteady.Instead,itfluctuates(波动)inarapidcycle,shiftingfocusaboutseventotentimespersecond.Thisconstantsamplingoftheenvironmentmayhavehelpedhumanssurvive.

Forourancestorswhohadtocontinuetomonitortheenvironmentforattackerswhilesearchingforfood,thiswasbeneficial.(新研究表明，注意力并非保持稳定不变。相反，它以快速的周期波动，大约每秒切换焦点七到十次。这种对环境持续采样的能力，可能有助于人类的生存。对于我们那些必须在寻找食物的同时持续监视环境中攻击者的祖先来说，这是有益的。)”可知，注意力的波动使古代人类能够警惕危险。【33题详析】词句猜测题。根据上文“Intoday’sworld,withlaptopsopeninfrontofusandasmartphonenearby,rhythmicallyoccurringwindowsforbeneficialattentionalshiftsmightalsoworkagainstus.(在当今世界，面前打开着笔记本电脑，身边放着智能手机，有节奏出现的有利注意力转移窗口也可能对我们不利，)”和划线词所在句“Thatis,rhythmicallyoccurringwindowsforattentionalshiftsarealsoassociatedwithincreasedsusceptibilitytodistractinginformation.(也就是说，有节奏出现的注意力转移窗口也与对分心信息的susceptibility增加有关。)”可知，这种机制在现代环境中会导致人们更容易被分心信息干扰。因此，susceptibility意为“易受影响的状态”，与“Defenselessness”意思相近。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“TheEEGdatarevealedrepeatingpatternsinbrainactivitythatpredictedwhenattentionwasmorelikelytomovetowardadistractor.Thesecyclesoccurredroughlyseventotentimespersecond.Theyalsolinedupwithalternating(交替的)periodsinwhichparticipantswerebetterorworseatnoticingthecentraltarget.Whennoticingperformancedropped,participantsweremoreeasilydistracted.(脑电图数据揭示了大脑活动中重复出现的模式，这些模式可以预测注意力何时更可能转向干扰物。这些周期大约每秒发生七到十次。它们也与参与者对中央目标的察觉能力时好时坏的交替周期相吻合。当察觉能力下降时，参与者更容易分心。)”可知，脑电图结果显示分心跟随大脑节律变化。【35题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Fiebelkorn的话“Ourresearchshowsthatthetypicalbrainrhythmicallyalternatesbetweenstatesthatpromoteeitherincreasedprocessingatthepresentfocusofattentionoranincreasedlikelihoodofshiftingattentionalresourceselsewhere(我们的研究表明，典型的大脑会节律性地在两种状态之间交替：一种状态促进对当前注意力焦点的加强处理，另一种状态则增加将注意力资源转移到别处的可能性)”和“ItcouldbethatthebrainsofpeoplewithADHDdonotalternatebetweenthesestatesasoften,resultinginalossofcognitiveflexibility.(可能是ADHD患者的大脑没有那么频繁地在这些状态之间交替，导致认知灵活性丧失。)”可知，Fiebelkorn对ADHD患者的解释是他们的脑部状态切换不够规律。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nowadaysgroupchatshaveexplodedinpopularitybecauseoftheirinformality.Thatalsocreatesitsownchallenges,though.Herearesomeprinciplesofdigitaletiquette(礼仪)tohelpusavoidthem.Thinkbeforemessaging___36___.Soithelpstothinkabouthowtherecipientsmightbeaffectedbyyourmessage.Thatmeans,forexample,notwastingothermembers'timebyaskingquestionsthatcouldbeeasilyfoundbydoinganonlinesearchorsearchingthroughthepreviousposts.___37___.Peopledon'tappreciateusinguptheirphonememoryorburningthroughtheirmobiledataonuselessstuff.___38___Forthosecreatedwithaspecificfunction,juststicktothetaskanddon'tpostanymorethanyouneedto.Ontheotherhand,somegroupsarethereforentertainmentandinthatcase,moreismore.Itshouldbeobvious,butdon'tpostpersonalstuffinacompanyorbusiness-relatedchat,andavoidpostingwork-relatedmaterialinagroupwithfriendsorfamily.ConsiderthesizeofthegroupThere'softensomeonewhofeelstheneedtotypeoutareplytoeverypost,evenifit'sjusttosay“thanks”.___39___.Weoughttoconsiderhowmanypeopleareinthechat.Iftherearethreeofyouinthegroup,aresponseisalmostexpected.Inagroupoffiftyormore,however,itispracticallyacriminaloffense.KeepitcleananddecentThisisanespeciallyimportantpointwhenitcomestoworkcommunications.Thosegroupchatplatformsfeellessformalthanemail,butdon'tforgettofollowthesameguidelinesasyoudowithothercompanycommunications.Assumeanythingmessagedcanbesharedwithothersnomatterhowinformalitappears.___40___.A.Analyzethemembers'interestB.LesscanbemoreingroupchatsC.RemembertheaimofthechatgroupD.AndavoidsendingvideosorfilesthatareverylargeE.Evenoneslipintoimpropertalkcanbecareer-limitingF.Butdoingsoinabiggroupmightcauseareply-allstormG.Etiquetteisalwaysbasedontheideaofcareandconsiderationforothers【答案】36.G37.D38.C39.F40.E【语篇解读】文章从发消息前三思、牢记群聊宗旨、顾及群人数目、保持言语得体四个方面，介绍了群聊中需要遵守的数字礼仪原则，帮助人们规避相关问题。【36题详析】本段小标题为“Thinkbeforemessaging(发消息前三思)”，下文“Soithelpstothinkabouthowtherecipientsmightbeaffectedbyyourmessage.(因此，考虑你的信息会对接收者产生怎样的影响是很有帮助的。)”强调发消息时要换位思考，选项G“Etiquetteisalwaysbasedontheideaofcareandconsiderationforothers.(礼仪的本质是体谅和顾及他人。)”作为段首主旨句，点明礼仪的核心，自然引出下文换位思考的具体做法。【37题详析】上文“Thatmeans,forexample,notwastingothermembers'timebyaskingquestionsthatcouldbeeasilyfoundbydoinganonlinesearchorsearchingthroughthepreviousposts.(这意味着，例如，不要浪费其他成员的时间，提出可以通过在线搜索或搜索以前的帖子轻松找到的问