内蒙古2026届高三下学期仿真练习卷英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1内蒙古2026届高三下学期英语仿真练习卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.WhatwentonatCooper’slastnight?A.Amovieshow. B.Apressconference. C.Asalespromotion.【答案】C【原文】W:Hey,didyougotoCooper’slastnight?M:What’sup?Wasthereanythingspecial?W:Youbet!Theemployeesdressedupasmoviecharacters,andeverycustomerreceivedadiscountcard.M:Thatwasinteresting.2.Howlongarehard-boiledeggslikelycooked?A.7minutes. B.10minutes. C.12minutes.【答案】C【原文】M:Mom,thewaterhasbeenboilingforaboutthreeminutesnow.W:ThenweshouldlowertheheatandsetthetimerforsevenmoreminutesM:Forhard-boiledeggs?W:No,forsoftones.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanairport. B.Inagallery. C.Atahotel.【答案】B【原文】W:Heads-up!TheEastWingisclosedformaintenance.M:That’stheImpressionists,right?W:Yeah,we’lldosculptureandthephotographyroomsinstead.4.Whatarethespeakersprobablyworkingon?A.Apostercontest. B.Arecyclingdrive. C.Abookfair.【答案】B【原文】M:Wecollected18kilosofpaperlastweek,notbad.W:Better,butthegoalwas25.Let’splaceacollectionboxoutsidethelecturehall.M:Smart.I’llmakeaposterthatsaysonesheethelps.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Smartshopping. B.Digitalreceipt. C.Dataanalysis.【答案】A【原文】W:ItriedanAIpoweredstoreyesterday.Youscanthephoneatthegate,grabwhatyouneedandjustwalkout.M:Theconveniencestoreisgreat,andthereceiptappearsintheappwithinseconds.W:True,butI’mworriedaboutmydata.Everyitemistiedtomyaccount.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketoday?A.Sunny. B.Stormy. C.Smoggy.7.What’sthewoman’sattitudetotheman’smovinghiscar?A.Approving. B.Cautious. C.Mixed.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Honey,haveyoucheckedtoday’sweatherforecast?M:Yes,it’scoldandwet.Thereisawarningforstrongwindsupto100kilometersperhour.W:Whatarewegoingtodothen?M:Nothingmuch.Juststayindoors.Thereisagreatriskoffallingtreesandpowerlines.W:Youcansaythatagain.M:Andthelowtemperaturescouldbringsnowtotheforestarea.W:Ihopeit’soverquickly.M:Well,thesituationwon’tpickupuntillateWednesday.Anyway,Ihavetomovethecarawayfromthetrees.W:Youcannotbetoocareful.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhatdidAlexdointhewoods?A.Hefixedthehouse. B.Hechasedbutterflies. C.Hesawsomeflowers.9.WhatwasBobdoingwhenAlexsawhim?A.Takingpictures. B.Fishing. C.Swimming.【答案】8.C9.C【原文】W:Youwereoutthewholeafternoon,Alex.Whatdidyoudo?M:Itookaleisurelywalkinthewoodsbehindourhouse.W:Youjustkeptwalkingandwalkingfor3hours?M:Actually,Iwalkedoffthebeatenpath.Myfeettookmetoanunfamiliarplaceanditamazedme.W:Wow!Thenwhatdoesthismysteriousplacelooklike?M:Variousflowersdottedthegrassland.Butterflieswereflying.Ievenspottedafox!W:Areyoukiddingme?Wehavelivedherefor20yearsandIdidn’tknowtherewassuchaplace.M:Iwillshowyou.AndIranintoBobatthelake.Hewasswimmingandyellinglikeakid.W:It’shisstyle.Didyoutalktohim?M:No.Iwalkedonandtookalotofpictures.There’sjustsomuchouttheretosee.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutnewsprograms?A.Theyarereplacedbydocumentaries.B.Theyhavebeenreducedinnumber.C.Theyfocusonthelifeofcelebrities.11.Howdoesthemanfindentertainmentshows?A.Theyhelphimunwind. B.Theyfeedhimshallowideas. C.Theyhavegoodstructures.12.WhatdoesthewomanexpectTVprogramstobe?A.Educational. B.Creative. C.Moving.【答案】10.B11.A12.A【原文】W:Ican’tputupwithTVprogramsthesedays!There’snothingdecenttowatch.M:Howcome?I’mgluedtothescreen.W:Thenumberofnewsprogramsanddocumentarieshasdramaticallyslipped.Allhavebeenreplacedbysomeskin-deepgameandentertainmentshowsM:Well,theygivemeagoodlaughaftertiringwork.Itreleasesmypressure.Don’tbesoserious.Aslongasthere’sabalance,there’sabitofthis,abitofthat.W:Butshouldwejustgivepeoplejunkfoodforthebrain?Orshouldwe,youknow,trytoeducatethem?M:Comeon!ThepurposeofTVisjusttoentertainpeople.Wantaneducation?Ithinkyou’dbettergotouniversityorcollege.W:Frankly,I’mnotbuyingthat.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors B.Colleagues C.Classmates.14.WhatdoesPeterthinkofwritingapaperonthenovel?A.It’sfairlychallenging. B.It’soverlycomplicated. C.It’sextremelyenjoyable.15.HowdoesJaneplantogettheseminarinformation?A.Skiptheseminarentirely. B.Readaboutitonline. C.HearitfromPeter.16.WhatisthegoalofJaneattendingthemeeting?A.Toenhanceherliterarysense. B.Tosubmitherliterarywork C.Toseekhelpforherpaper【答案】13.C14.A15.C16.C【原文】M:Longtimenosee,Jane!AreyouherefortheThreeKingdoms’seminartoo?W:Absolutely!I’mtotallyobsessedwithit-thecharacters,thebattles,thestrategies...Ijustgetcompletelysuckedin.M:Readingitforfunisonething.Writingapaperonitisdefinitelyademandingtask.W:Ugh,don’tevenremindme!I’mtotallystuckandhavenocluewheretostart.Anybrightideas,Peter?M:Well,I’vegotafewthoughtsbouncingaround,butnothingsolidyet.Givemetimetofleshthemout,thenI’llletyouknow.W:You’realifesaver,Peter!Ofallourclassmates,you’retheoneIcanalwayscounton.Anyway,Igottarun.M:Wait,theseminar’sstarting.Don’tyouwanttostayandtakenotes?W:Youstay,takenotes,andfillmeinlater.That’sallIneed.I’dmuchratherhearitfromyou-yourvoiceiswaymorepleasant!M:So...whereareyouoffto,then?W:Comeon,agirl’sgottatakecareofherskin!There’sanicesalonjustaroundthecorner.M:Holdonasecond...Wascomingtotheseminarjustanexcusetopickmybrainforpaperideas?W:Nowyou’recatchingonquick!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatisthefirstdestinationofthetour?A.TheGoldenMountTemple.B.TheFormerResidenceofPearlS.Buck.C.TheCentralMarket.18.WhattimewilltheyleavefortheCentralMarket?A.At09:30a.m.. B.At10:30a.m. C.At11:30a.m.19.Whatshouldtouristsdoifseparatedfromthegroup?A.Calltheguideimmediately.B.Gotothenearestpolicestation.C.Waitatthelastvisitedplace.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingaboutnext?A.Safetyinformation. B.Thegatheringtime. C.Mealplans.【答案】17.B18.B19.A20.A【原文】Hi,friendsfromAmerica!Welcomeaboardourcitytourbus.First,letmetellyouaboutthetour.We’regoingtotravelthroughthemosthistoricalpartsofZhenjiangCityforaboutanhour,withlotsofchancesforyoutotakephotosorjustenjoythewonderfulbuildingsliketheGoldenMountTempleandtheMengxiGarden.At09:30,we’lldropyouoffattheFormerResidenceofPearlS.BuckwhereyouwillgetaglimpseintothelegendaryAmericanwomanwhoshowedherdeeploveforChinesecultureandpeople.Youhaveaboutonehourthere.Then,we’llstartforournextdestination-theCentralMarket.Youmaybuysomefruitandsouvenirsfromthemarketplaceandhavealightmealintheparknearby.Butpleaseremembertocomebackontimeat12:00.Wecan’twaitforanylatecomers.Incaseanyonegetsseparatedfromthegroup,pleasekeepthebusnumberandmyphonenumberwithyouatalltimes.Also,whiletakingphotos,kindlywatchyoursteponunevenpaths.Now,I’llgiveyousomeinstructionsonsafety.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATechnologyIsTransformingTravelThirtyyearsago,theworldoftravelwasasimplerplacewheretherewerenoonlinetravelagentsorseat-backinflightentertainment.Butinthedecadessince,innovationsintechnologyhavecompletelytransformedtravel.Herearesomeimpactsoftraveltech.AdvantagesBoostingtravelefficiency48%ofEuropeantravellershaveusedAI-poweredtoolstoplanatrip,accordingtomarketresearchfirmMMGYTravelIntelligence,whilebehindthescenestheyareusedbyairlinestomanagecustomerserviceandhotelstodetermineroomprices.ExpandingtravelexperiencesVirtualreality(VR)allowstravellersto‘trybeforetheybuy’,usingheadsetsthatenablethemtoseeandinteractwithadigitalizedversionoftherealexperience.It’sexpectedthat70%oftravellerswilluseVRoravirtualtourtoexploreadestinationaheadoftheirvisit.MakingtravelmoreinclusiveWayfindingappsareusedtoprovide3Dmapsofmajorpublicspaceslikestations.Supportedbyaudio,theyhelptravellerswithvisualorhearingimpairments(损伤),limitedmobilityorsimplythosewhomayfeeluneasytravelinginanunfamiliarenvironment.Technologyhaschangedtravelforthebetter,butit’simportanttonotethatthere’sanegativesidetotheequation,too.Herearesomeexamples.DisadvantagesTherearenumerousinstancesofremotespotsfloodedbyvisitorsaftergoingviral(走红)onsocialmedia,likeTrolltungainNorway.Becausepeoplearemorefocusedoncapturingtheirtravelexperiencesforsocialmedia,they’relessengagedwiththerealexperienceoftravelling—talkingtolocals,forexample,orlearningmoreaboutwherethey’revisiting.Technologyhasimprovedgreatlyinthelastfewdecades,butwhat’snext?“Inthenextyear,we’llseealgorithms(算法)thatpredictyourtripneedsbeforeyoudo,”saysJennySouthan,founderoftrendforecastingcompanyGlobetrender.“Infiveyears,traveltechandAIwillemergeintovirtualassistants:Journeyswillfeelcontinuousandinvisible.”21.Whomaybenefitmostfromwayfindingappsaccordingtothetext?A.Socialmedialovers. B.Budgettravelers.C.Peoplewithdisabilities. D.Adventureseekers.22.Whatisanegativeeffectofsocialmediaontravel?A.Theriskofovertourism. B.Severeairpollution.C.Muchsocialinteraction. D.Overdependenceontech.23.WhatwillbepossiblesoonintraveltechinSouthan’sopinion?A.Lowerefficiency. B.Smarterpersonalization.C.Lessvirtualreality. D.Uncontrollablevirtualassistants.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了科技对旅游的积极和消极影响，以及未来旅游科技的发展趋势。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据Makingtravelmoreinclusive部分“Wayfindingappsareusedtoprovide3Dmapsofmajorpublicspaceslikestations.Supportedbyaudio,theyhelptravellerswithvisualorhearingimpairments(损伤),limitedmobilityorsimplythosewhomayfeeluneasytravelinginanunfamiliarenvironment.(寻路应用程序用于提供车站等主要公共空间的3D地图。在音频的支持下，它们帮助有视觉或听力障碍、行动不便的人，或者只是那些在不熟悉的环境中旅行感到不安的人)”可知，寻路应用程序对残疾人最有帮助。故选C项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据Disadvantages部分“Therearenumerousinstancesofremotespotsfloodedbyvisitorsaftergoingviral(走红)onsocialmedia,likeTrolltungainNorway.(有很多这样的例子，偏远景点在社交媒体上走红后，游客蜂拥而至，比如挪威的巨魔之舌)”可知，社交媒体对旅游的负面影响是过度旅游的风险。故选A项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Inthenextyear,we’llseealgorithms(算法)thatpredictyourtripneedsbeforeyoudo,”saysJennySouthan,founderoftrendforecastingcompanyGlobetrender.“Infiveyears,traveltechandAIwillemergeintovirtualassistants:Journeyswillfeelcontinuousandinvisible.”(趋势预测公司Globetrender的创始人珍妮·索森说：“明年，我们将看到能在你之前预测你的旅行需求的算法。”“五年后，旅游科技和人工智能将演变成虚拟助手：旅行将变得连续且无形。”)”可知，在索森看来，旅游科技很快就能实现更智能的个性化。故选B项。BProfessorZhangLiangrenfromtheSchoolofHistoryatNanjingUniversityhasfoundauniqueandengagingwaytoimpacthistoricalandarchaeologicalknowledgetothepublicthroughfoodvlogs.Hisapproach,combiningculinarydelights(美味佳肴)withfascinatinghistoricalinsights,hastakenChina’ssocialmediabystorm,attractingawideaudienceandwinningpraiseforitsinnovativemethodofstorytelling.Beforedelvinginto(研究)foodvlogging,ProfessorZhangLiangrenusuallydinedattheschoolcafeteriaorrestaurantsnearhiscommunity,rarelygoingbeyondafive-kilometerdistancefromhishome.However,sincehestartedmakingfoodvlogsinthesummerof2023,hehasbeenexploringtheworldextensively,diningatavarietyofrestaurantsthatwerepreviouslyunknowntohim.ZhangLiangrenfranklyadmitsthatheisfarfrombeingaqualified“foodie”.Heenjoysgoodfood,buthasnotyetreachedthepointofsearchingeverywhereforit.Whattrulyledhimontothepathofafoodvloggerwashispassionforarchaeology.WhilewatchingZhangtastethefood,viewerscanlistentohimexplainingthehistoricalstoriesbehindthedishes.Althoughthefoodcannotbeimmediatelytasted,thespiritualnourishmentofarchaeologyhassatisfiedthetastebudsofnetizens,whohaveexclaimedtheirsatisfaction.Speakingofthesituationatthebeginningoffilming,ZhangLiangrenadmitted,“BecauseIrarelydidthesethingsbefore,Iwasquiteuncomfortableinfrontofthecameraatfirst.MyMandarinwasnotverygoodeither,somyspeechandmovementswereverystiff.Butgradually,Igotusedtoitandoverall,it’smuchbetterthanbefore.”Asforwhichplaceshepreferstovisitforcheck-ins,ZhangLiangrenstatesthatheprefersshopswithacertainleveloffame,“Itmustbedown-to-earth,thekindofplacethatcaterstothecommonpeople.”Hementionedthatheusuallychoosessmallstallsorshopswithalonghistoryandgoodreputation.Sometimeshealsoselectsbasedonfestivals,tastingthefoodwhilenarratingthemethodsofpreparationandtheculturalsignificancebehindthedishes.24.WhatismostChineseaudiences’attitudetoProfessorZhang’sfoodvlogs?A.Doubtful. B.Approving.C.Unconcerned. D.Hopeful.25.WhydoesProfessorZhangbecomeafoodvlogger?A.Heispopularamongthenetizens. B.Heintendstosharevariousfood.C.Heisfascinatedwitharchaeology. D.Heconsidershimselfaqualifiedfoodie.26.WhatkindofshopswillProfessorZhangchooseforhisvlogs?A.Time-honoredbrandstores. B.Reputablechainstores.C.Shopsfullofinfluencers. D.Unknownsmallstallsorshops.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeProfessorZhang?A.Passionateandhumble. B.Sympathicandgenerous.C.Innovativeanddevoted. D.Knowledgeableandgifted.【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了南京大学历史学院张良仁教授通过美食视频博客向公众传播历史和考古知识的创新方式及其影响。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Hisapproach,combiningculinarydelights(美味佳肴)withfascinatinghistoricalinsights,hastakenChina’ssocialmediabystorm,attractingawideaudienceandwinningpraiseforitsinnovativemethodofstorytelling.(他的方法将美食与迷人的历史见解相结合，在中国社交媒体上掀起了风暴，吸引了广泛的观众，并因其创新的故事讲述方式而赢得了赞誉。)”可知，大多数中国观众对张教授的美食视频博客持赞成的态度。故选B。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whattrulyledhimontothepathofafoodvloggerwashispassionforarchaeology.(真正引领他走上美食视频博主之路的是他对考古学的热情。)”可知，张教授成为美食视频博主是因为他对考古学很着迷。故选C。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hementionedthatheusuallychoosessmallstallsorshopswithalonghistoryandgoodreputation.(他提到他通常会选择历史悠久、口碑好的小摊或商店。)”可知，张教授会选择历史悠久的品牌店来拍摄他的视频博客。故选A。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ProfessorZhangLiangrenfromtheSchoolofHistoryatNanjingUniversityhasfoundauniqueandengagingwaytoimpacthistoricalandarchaeologicalknowledgetothepublicthroughfoodvlogs.(南京大学历史学院的张良仁教授通过美食视频博客找到了一种独特而吸引人的方式，向公众传播历史和考古知识。)”以及最后一段中“Sometimeshealsoselectsbasedonfestivals,tastingthefoodwhilenarratingthemethodsofpreparationandtheculturalsignificancebehindthedishes.(有时他也会根据节日来选择，一边品尝食物，一边讲述食物的准备方法和背后的文化意义。)”可推知，张教授是一个有创新精神和敬业精神的人。故选C。C“Memoryediting”soundsdark,bringingtomindthreateningvisionsoferasedhistoriesorimplantedlies.Butinthelab,therealityisgentlerandfarmorehopeful.Thediscoveryoftheabilitytoeditmemoryitselfisteachingushowtohealthebrainfromwithin,includinghowtoweakenwoundingrecollections,strengthendecliningonesandrebalanceemotionsourmemoriescarry.Overthepastdecade,thisworkhasrevealedthreeprinciples.First,memoriesaremalleable(可塑的)whenbeingstored,recalledandrestored.Second,theyaredistributedacrossthebrainratherthaninoneregion.Third,theycanbeartificiallyimprintedintothebrain.Eachprinciplereframeswhat“memoryediting”reallymeans.Whenweformamemory,braincellsfiretogetherandstrengthenconnections.Thatprocesscanbeenhancedorweakenedwithdifferentpatternsofstimulation.Drugs,hormonesorevenabitofsugarcanenhancethebrain’sabilitytostabilisenewexperiences.Thesameideaworksinreverse.Overstimulatememorypathways,andamemory’sstrengthdeclines;blockthemolecules(分子)thatstrengthenconnections,anditweakensmore.Becausememoriesarespreadacrossthebrain,theyarealsoremarkablyresilient.Damagetooneregionrarelydeletesanentireexperience.Instead,thebraincanrerouteaccessthroughalternatepathwaysandcalluponmultiple“drafts”ofthememory.ThisbackupsystemoffershopefortreatingAlzheimer’s:ifwecanstrengthenundamagedroutestoamemory,wemayrepairpiecesofidentityoncethoughtlost.Memoryediting,then,isn’taboutrewritingwhoweare—itisaboutgivingthebrainnewpathsbacktoitself.Whiletheidearaisesethicalconcernsaseverymajormedicaladvanceoncedid,thegoalofourworkistoreducesufferingandtherebyimproveourcollectivewell-being:tohelpanex-soldierloosenhisholdonaflashbackorsomeonewithAlzheimer’sholdontolovedones’names.Learningtoreshapememoryresponsiblyhelpsusheal,andthebrainalreadyeditsmemorieseverytimewerevisitthem.Sciencetodayissimplylearningtherules.28.WhatcanwelearnaboutmemoryeditingfromParagraph1?A.Iterasesunwantedhistoriesandlies. B.Itofferspotentialforbrainhealing.C.Itfacilitatespainfulrecollection. D.Itcontrolsemotionalmemories.29.Whatcanenhanceamemory’sstrength?A.Blockingthemoleculesthatstabilisememories. B.Reducingthestimulationtobrainregions.C.Reinforcingthelinksbetweenbraincells. D.Shorteningthetimeofbraincellsfiring.30.Theunderlinedword“resilient”inParagraph4mostprobablymeans“______”.A.hardtoawaken B.limitedinfunction C.flexibleinstructure D.noteasilydestroyed31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsmemoryeditingresearch?A.Unconcerned. B.Neutral. C.Doubtful. D.Favorable.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。说明了记忆编辑并非黑暗操控，而是可治愈大脑的科学，其三大原理为治疗阿尔茨海默病等提供希望，虽有伦理争议但研究价值积极。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thediscoveryoftheabilitytoeditmemoryitselfisteachingushowtohealthebrainfromwithin,includinghowtoweakenwoundingrecollections,strengthendecliningonesandrebalanceemotionsourmemoriescarry.(对记忆编辑能力的发现正在教会我们如何从内部修复大脑，包括如何淡化创伤性的记忆、强化衰退的记忆以及重新平衡记忆所承载的情绪)”可知，记忆编辑为大脑的修复提供了可能性。故选B。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenweformamemory,braincellsfiretogetherandstrengthenconnections.Thatprocesscanbeenhancedorweakenedwithdifferentpatternsofstimulation.(当我们形成记忆时，大脑细胞会协同工作并加强彼此之间的联系。这个过程可以通过不同的刺激模式来增强或削弱)”可知，加强脑细胞之间的联系能够增强记忆的强度。故选C。【30题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Damagetooneregionrarelydeletesanentireexperience.Instead,thebraincanrerouteaccessthroughalternatepathwaysandcalluponmultiple“drafts”ofthememory.(一个区域受损通常不会导致整个记忆的丧失。相反，大脑能够通过其他路径重新建立连接，并调用记忆的多个“备份”版本)”可知，划线词后解释道：大脑单个区域受损很少会彻底删除一整个记忆，大脑可以通过替代路径重新获取记忆，由此可知记忆因为分布在大脑各处，不容易被破坏。故划线词意思是“不易受损”。故选D。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Whiletheidearaisesethicalconcernsaseverymajormedicaladvanceoncedid,thegoalofourworkistoreducesufferingandtherebyimproveourcollectivewell-being:tohelpanex-soldierloosenhisholdonaflashbackorsomeonewithAlzheimer’sholdontolovedones’names.(尽管这一想法与以往每一次重大医学进步所引发的伦理问题一样，都存在一定的道德争议，但我们的研究目的却是为了减轻痛苦，从而提升我们的整体福祉：帮助一位退伍军人摆脱闪回的困扰，或者帮助患有阿尔茨海默病的人记住亲人的名字)”可知，作者对记忆编辑研究是支持态度。故选D。DPlantsproducechemicalscalledalkaloids(生物碱)toprotectthemselvesfromthreats.Peoplerelyonalkaloidsforpainreliefandothermedicaltreatments.Scientistswanttobetterunderstandhowplantscreatealkaloidssotheycandevelopmedicinesfaster,atlowercost,andwithlessharmtotheenvironment.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofYorkfocusedonFlueggeasuffruticosa,aplantthatproducessecurinine—apowerfultypeofalkaloid.Theyuncoveredthatthekeygeneresponsibleformakingsecurinineissimilartogenestypicallyfoundinbacteriaratherthaninplants.Thisfindingsuggeststhatplantsmayhaveadoptedanunusualevolutionarystrategy.Insteadofrelyingonlyontraditionalplantchemistry,theyappeartoreusemolecular(分子的)toolscommonlyseeninmicrobes(微生物)tobuilddefensivechemicals.Dr.BenjaminLichman,theleadresearcher,explainedwhythediscoverystoodout.“Plantsandbacteriaarereallydifferentformsoflife,andsoitwasasurprisetoseethatthissignificantplantchemicalwasbeingdrivenfromabacterial-likegene.Webelieveplants‘recycle’biologicaltoolsthataremorecommonlyfoundinmicrobes,whentheycanbeusefultothem.”Oncetheresearchersrecognizedthisnewchemicalpathway,theybeganfindingsimilargeneshiddenwithintheDNAofmanyotherplants.Theseplantgenescouldbeusedtoproducevaluablechemicalsinlaboratorysettings,whichwouldreducetheneedtoharvestrareplants.Dr.Lichmannotedthatalkaloidscouldbepoisonous,sotheyhavetobehighlycontrolledandoftenmodifiedwhenusedinmedicines.Heemphasized,“Understandingtheprocessofcreatingalkaloidscanhelpusdevelopnewmethodsforproducingtheminthelaborremovingthemtomakesomeplantslesspoisonous.Nowthatweknowhowtolookforthischemicalproduction,wehavenewmethodstoexplorefortheproductionanddiscoveryofsafemedications.”32.Whatisafindingoftheresearchersaboutthegeneproducingsecurinine?A.Itevolvesinaregularpattern. B.Itismorelikebacterialgenes.C.Itdefendsplantsfrombacteria. D.Itexistswidelyincommonplants.33.Whatcanweinferfromthediscoveryinparagraph3?A.Rareplantscontainsmorealkaloids.B.Plantsproducechemicalsfrommicrobes.C.Bacterial-likegenesmayexistinmanyplants.D.Biologicaltoolsareuniquetocertainmicrobes.34.WhatdoestheauthortrytoexplainbyquotingLichmaninthelastparagraph?A.Thepracticalvalueoftheresearch.B.Theprocessofalkaloidproduction.C.Thechallengesoflab-madechemicals.D.Thecomplexityofmedicalexploration.35.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Apopularsciencemagazine. B.Aguideonplantidentification.C.Atextbookformedicalstudents. D.Aresearchpaperonmicrobiology.【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家对植物产生生物碱的研究，以白饭树这种能产生强效生物碱securinine的植物为例，发现产生该生物碱的关键基因与细菌基因相似，还指出这一发现对在实验室生产有价值化学物质和开发安全药物的意义。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theyuncoveredthatthekeygeneresponsibleformakingsecurinineissimilartogenestypicallyfoundinbacteriaratherthaninplants.(他们发现，负责制造securinine的关键基因与通常在细菌中发现的基因相似，而不是在植物中发现的基因。)”可知，研究人员发现产生securinine的基因更像细菌基因。故选B。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Oncetheresearchersrecognizedthisnewchemicalpathway,theybeganfindingsimilargeneshiddenwithintheDNAofmanyotherplants.(一旦研究人员认识到这种新的化学途径，他们就开始在许多其他植物的DNA中发现类似的基因。)”可知，类细菌基因可能存在于许多植物中。故选C。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Understandingtheprocessofcreatingalkaloidscanhelpusdevelopnewmethodsforproducingtheminthelaborremovingthemtomakesomeplantslesspoisonous.Nowthatweknowhowtolookforthischemicalproduction,wehavenewmethodstoexplorefortheproductionanddiscoveryofsafemedications.(了解生物碱的生成过程可以帮助我们开发在实验室生产生物碱的新方法，或者去除生物碱以降低某些植物的毒性。既然我们知道如何寻找这种化学物质的生产，我们就有新的方法来探索安全药物的生产和发现。)”可知，作者在最后一段引用Lichman的话试图解释研究的实用价值。故选A。【35题详析】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了科学家对植物产生生物碱的研究，以白饭树这种能产生强效生物碱securinine的植物为例，发现产生该生物碱的关键基因与细菌基因相似，还指出这一发现对在实验室生产有价值化学物质和开发安全药物的意义，文章内容通俗易懂，符合流行科学杂志的特点，所以这篇文章可能摘自一本流行科学杂志。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheNewYearisatimewhenpeopleoftensetresolutionstostartanewhobbyandexercisemore.Butratherthanalwayschoosesomethingnewtodo,researcherssuggestmaybeconsideringtheopposite.“It’stimetoreassessattheendoftheyear‘____36____’”saysRachitDubeyfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.____37____“It’shumannaturetosetgoalsbecausegoalsgiveusdirection.Goalsrepresentsomedesiredfutureendstate,”saysDubey.Butpastgoalsmayhavebecomeimpracticaltoworktoward.Maybetheyfeeltoohardortheyjustnolongermatchwhatyouwantforyourlifenow.Continuingtoworktowardgoalsthatdon’tfitcancreateguiltandstress.Worsestill,thetimeandeffortspenttryingmaypreventyouseeingotheroptions.Butbreakingupwithagoalandmovingoncanbemessyandpainful.____38____Arecentstudysurveyedover500universitystudentsoverninemonths.Inthebeginning,theteamaskedparticipantsaboutalong-termgoaltheywerequitting.Toassessinnerdrive,theteamaskedparticipantstoratestatementssuchas,“____39____”Statementslike“PeoplehavebeentellingmeIhavetoletthisgoalgo”assessedoutsidepressurestoquit.Withthestudyprogressing,theteamassessedhow“stuck”apersonwas.Peoplewhowerequittingprimarilyduetooutsidepressurestendedtogetmorestuckthanthosewhowereself-driven.Peopledon’tjustwakeuponeday,saying,“I’mdone”andmoveontotheirnextadventure.Butwhat’sclearisthatholdingontoanoutgrowngoalcandomoreharmthangood.____40____Andfindinganewpathforwardmayfirstrequirethecouragetosay,“IthinkIcan’t.”A.Ifeeltornaboutlettinggoofthisgoal.B.ThisgoalnolongerreflectswhoIam.C.Goalsserveanimportantroleinourlives.D.CanIreplacemypastgoalswithnewachievableones?E.WhatissomethingIdon’tneedinmylifeanymore?F.Sosometimes,lettinggocanbetougherthanstickingitout.G.Cuttingtiescanclearspaceinyourlifetopursuewhatmatterstoyou.【答案】36.E37.C38.F39.B40.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍新年目标设定的新观点，建议人们放弃不再适合的旧目标，而非一味追求新目标。【36题详析】根据前文“TheNewYearisatimewhenpeopleoftensetresolutionstostartanewhobbyandexercisemore.Butratherthanalwayschoosesomethingnewtodo,researcherssuggestmaybeconsideringtheopposite.(新年是人们常常制定计划、培养新爱好、加强锻炼的时刻。但研究人员建议，与其总是选择新的事情去做，不如考虑相反的方向。)”可知，前文提出新年不应只追求新目标，而要反向思考舍弃不再需要的事物，E选项“WhatissomethingIdon’tneedinmylifeanymore?(生活中还有什么是我不再需要的？)”与前文“考虑相反方向”的观点完全契合，是年末重新评估时应思考的问题，符合语境。故选E项。【37题详析】根据后文““It’shumannaturetosetgoalsbecausegoalsgiveusdirection.Goalsrepresentsomedesiredfutureendstate,”saysDubey.(杜比说：“设定目标是人的天性，因为目标能给我们方向。目标代表着某种理想的未来最终状态。”)”可知，后文详细解释了目标对人的重要作用，C选项“Goalsserveanimportantroleinourli