陕西渭南市2026届高三教学质量检测（Ⅱ）英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西渭南市2026届高三教学质量检测（Ⅱ）英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWeatherandClimateinYourNeighborhoodObjective:Toinvestigatepatternsandvariationsinlocalweatherandclimatebycomparinghistoricalweatherdataforyourcity.Timerequired:≤1dayMaterialavailability:ReadilyavailableCost:Under$20Resources·Afreeonlinedatabasewillbeusedtosearchforhistoricalweatherdata.Thissite()providesaccesstoalmostanytypeofweatherdata,includingradarandsatelliteimages,astronomicaldata,stormwarnings,andmore.·Checkoutbooksfromyourlocallibrarytolearnmoreaboutweatherandclimate.Materialsandequipment·ComputerwithInternetaccess·PencilandpaperProcedures·First,decidewhichhistoricaldatestouse.Thedatabasecontainsmonthlyaveragesformanylocalitiesdatingbacktotheearly1900s.Therangeofdatesavailableforselectionwilldependonhowfarbackthedataextendsforyourspecificcity.Chooseaseriesofmonthsandyears.·Decidehowyouwillorganizeandrecordyourdatainatable.·Gotoandsearchforyourcity.Onthecity’sweatherpage,locateandclickthe“History”buttontoaccessthehistoricaldatalookuptool.Youcanlookupminimum,maximumandaveragetemperaturesforaday,weekormonthinaspecificyear.·Lookupandrecordthecorrespondingaveragetemperatureforeachofyourchosenmonthsandyearsonyourdatasheet.·Createasummarygraphofthemonthlytemperaturesoveraone-yearcyclebysuperimposing(叠加)thedatafordifferentyearstodeterminewhethertheaveragetemperatureinyourareahasincreasedordecreasedovertheyearsandwhetheritfluctuates(起伏不定)orremainsconstant,andtoidentifyanyrecurringpatterns.1.Howcanthehistoricalweatherdatabefound?A.Bysearchingafreewebsite.B.Byconsultingaschoolteacher.C.Bycheckingoutbooksfromalibrary.D.Bywritingtothenationalweatherservice.2.Whyisasummarygraphcreated?A.Topredictfuturetemperaturetrends.B.Toidentifylong-termtemperaturetrends.C.Tocompareweatherdatafromdifferentcities.D.Torecordthecorrespondingaveragetemperature.3.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsarticleaboutclimatechange.B.Areportaboutascienceproject.C.Anadvertisementforaweatherwebsite.D.Asetofinstructionsforanexperiment.BAbout15yearsago,ahumbleideaforahistoricalfictionserieseruptedintoaworldwideliteraryphenomenon,nowknownastheISurvivedseries.Everynoveltransportsreadersintothemiddleoftrue,real-lifecatastrophes.Whetheritisashockingweathereventorawidespreadplague(瘟疫),eachstoryillustrateshowakidrisestotheoccasion.In2010,LaurenTarshisreleasedherfirstbook.Shenevercouldhaveimaginedthatoverthenext15years,theserieswouldbecomeabestseller,printingover20millioncopiestodate.Tarshishaspublished25novelsintheseriesandhernewestreleasecameoutlastOctober.TarshisvisitedtheBlueWillowBookshop’sTweensReadBookFestivalatDobieHighSchoolinHoustonandspokeaboutherrecentnovel,inwhichaboynamedRayfightsthedangersoftheDustBowlinthePanhandleofTexas.“AlotofkidshavesuggestedthistopicandaskedforastoryabouttheGreatDepression.Sothisissortoftwobooksinone.MyresearchforthenewnovelwasexcitingbecauseIvisitedplacesIhadneverbeento.It’sbeenagreatexperience,”shesaid.Theideafortheseriesoriginatedinherfamily.Tarshis,amotheroffour,noticedhersonDylanwashavingahardtimefindingbooksheenjoyed.“Dylansaidtome,‘Iwanttoreadabookaboutacooltopicwithamaincharacterthat’sakidlikeme.’Thatwasreallyabiginspiration.Isawthatwhentherewasatopicfeaturingarealkidatitsheart,thosewerethestoriesthatkidsreallylikedtoread,”shesaid.Althougheachbookintheseriesmaybeaturner,themessagesandthemesarelong-lastingandimpactful.“Iwantkidstolearnabouttheworldandplacestheydidn’tknowaboutbutnowfeelconnectedto.Iwantthemtoseethatpeoplegothroughreallyhardthings,andit’snotjustaboutsurviving.It’sabouthealing,findinghelp,andbeingpatientaboutrecoveringfromsomethingscary.”4.WhatisakeyfeatureoftheISurvivedseries?A.Eachstoryissetduringthe20thcentury.B.Eachstoryisaboutachildinarealdisaster.C.Eachstorypicturesachild’srealschoollife.D.Eachstorypresentshistoricaleventsindetail.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3andparagraph4aboutTarshis’swriting?A.Itavoidshardshipandemotionaldepths.B.Itcentersonentertainmentovereducation.C.It’smainlybasedonpersonalexperiences.D.It’sreader-focusedwithmeaningfulthemes.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“turner”mean?A.Abookthatishardtoread.B.Abookthattellstruestories.C.Abookthatkeepsreadersengaged.D.Abookthatchangesreaders’habits.7.WhatmessageismainlyconveyedthroughTarshis’snovels?A.Historyisfullofunexpectedevents.B.Survivaldependsonluckandexternalhelp.C.Readingisthebestwaytounderstandthepast.D.Truecourageinvolvesenduringandovercominghardship.CTheworld’sappetiteforseafoodisgrowing,andtheindustryisracingtokeepup.Asaresult,mariculture—farmingseafoodintheocean—isexpandingrapidly.Anewstudy,publishedinthejournalNatureEcology&Evolution,suggeststhatmariculturecouldbeexpandedtofeedmorepeoplewhilereducingharmtomarinebiodiversity.ThestudywasledbyDeqiangMa,ascholarattheUniversityofMichigan.“Wecanachievethissustainablemariculturedevelopmentwithstrategicplanning,”saidMa.Maandaninternationalteamofresearchersdevelopedamodeltoanalyzewhatmariculturegrowthcouldbringtoover20,000marinespecies.Theteam’smodelcreatedabaselineformariculture’scurrentimpactandsimulatedhowitcouldchangeby2050underdifferentscenarios.Theresearchersalsofactoredintwoclimatechangemodels,whichassumedvaryinglevelsofwarmingandgreenhousegasemissions.Inthebest-casesituation,seafoodproductioncouldincreaseby2.36-foldcomparedtocurrentproduction,whiletheglobalmaricultureimpactwoulddecreasebyupto30.5%.However,theworst-casescenariopaintedacompletelydifferentpicture.Ifnewfarmswerebuiltinthemostecologicallysensitiveareas,thedamagetomarinebiodiversitycouldbemorethanfourtimesworsethanthedamagethatwouldhappeniffarmswereplacedrandomly.“Ourstudyshowsit’sessentialtousethegrowinginsightsacrossdisciplines,whetherit’sclimatechangescienceoreconomicsormarineproduction,”saidseniorstudyauthorNeilCarter,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan.“Allthesedifferentpartshavetocometogetherfromothersourcestomaketheseforecasts.”Onekeytakeawayisthatthere’snouniversalsolution.WhatworksintheSouthPacificmaynotbeidealforcoastalEurope.Additionally,inallscenariosexamined,maricultureexpansioncouldnegativelyimpactsomemarinemammalslikewhales,seals,andsealions.Understandingthesetrade-offsisessentialforpolicymakerswhomustbalancefoodsecuritywithconservationgoals.8.Whatisthepurposeofthenewstudy?A.Todeveloptechnologiesformodernmariculture.B.Toreduceseafoodpricesbydevelopingmariculture.C.Tobalanceseafooddemandwithmarineconservation.D.Topromotemaricultureasanalternativetomarinefishing.9.Whatmainlydeterminesmariculture’simpactaccordingtothestudy?A.Thelocationofthefarming.B.Thespeedofclimatechange.C.Thetypeofseafoodbeingfarmed.D.Thesizeoftheglobalseafoodmarket.10.WhatdoesCarteremphasizeinparagraph5?A.Reducingseafooddemandworldwide. B.Usingknowledgefrommultiplefields.C.Expandingmaricultureintoalloceans. D.Prioritizingtheprotectionofmarineanimals.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Climatechangeplaysavitalroleinmariculture.B.Seafoodfarmingcansometimesbenefitbiodiversity.C.Mariculture’simpactscanbeeliminatedwithtechnology.D.Thereisn’tasingleglobalwaytoexpandseafoodfarming.DCharactertraitsleadustothink,feel,andactincertainways.Whenseeingchildrenoranimalssuffering,acold-heartedpersonmightthinktheydeservewhatthey’regettingandneglecttheirsituationdayafterday.Acompassionateperson,however,mightfeelmotivatedtotakeactionandprovidesupport.Somecharactertraitshavetodowithbeingamorallygoodorbadperson,whileothersdonot.Clearly,honestycontributestobeingagoodperson,whilecreativitycouldbeusedineitheragoodorbadway.Themorallyrelevanttraitscomeintwovarieties—themoralvirtueslikehonestyandthemoralviceslikedishonesty.Themoralvirtuesarepositivequalitiesweshoulddevelop.However,beingavirtuouspersonismorecomplicatedthanitseems.Forexample,considerSamantha,whoholdsahigh-levelpositionatwork.Asshewasleavingtheofficelastnight,shehadachancetotakehomesomeofficesuppliesforpersonaluse,butshedidnot.Isthatenoughforustoconcludeshe’shonest?Theanswerisno,forwedon’tknowwhethershetakeshomesuppliesonothernights.Solet’schangetheexample.Supposeshenevertakeshomeanyofficesupplies,anddoesthatdothetrick?Theanswerisagainno,forwedon’tknowwhethershe’sdishonestinotherareasofherworklife.Shemightmisreportthecompany’staxestothegovernment.NowsupposethatSamanthaneverstealssuppliesfromthecompany,neverfalsifies(篡改)thecompany’staxreporting,andconsistentlyavoidssuchmisconduct.Howdoesthatsound?It’sstillnotgoodenough.Avirtuelikehonestyshouldextendtoallareasofone’slife—home,work,school,andalltherest.Anyhow,beingagoodpersonisneversimple.Thetruth,however,isthatcharacterismalleable.Througheverydaychoices,wecangraduallyshapewhoweare.Eachsteptowardhonesty,kindness,andcouragematters.Everytimewechooseintegrityoverdeceit,compassionoverindifference,andgenerosityoverselfishness,werefineourcharacter.Itisthisongoingpursuitthatgivesdepthandmeaningtoalife.12.Whatdoesthecontrastinparagraph1show?A.Inborntraitsdefineourcapacityforvirtues.B.Personalityshapeshowonerespondstosituations.C.Mostpeopletendtooffersupporttothoseinneed.D.Moraljudgmentinfluencesourreactionstosuffering.13.WhydoestheauthorgiveseveralversionsofSamantha’sstory?A.Toprovesmallactionsdeterminehonesty.B.Toexplainvirtuesrequirebroadconsistency.C.Toshowvirtuesbringprofessionalreputation.D.Torevealvirtuesaffectone’sdecision-making.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsdevelopingcharacter?A.Skeptical. B.Unconcerned. C.Hopeful. D.Cautious.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoDevelopMoralVirtues B.Samantha:AModelofHonesty?C.CharacterTraits:BornorMade? D.TheComplexityofBeingVirtuous第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Betweensoccerpractices,musiclessonsandschoolprojects,manyfamiliesfindthemselvesquestioningwhetherthere’stimeorevenaneedfortheirchildrentodochoresathome.ButaccordingtoElizabethHarris,achildandadolescentpsychologist,askingkidstopitchinaroundthehousecanhavepowerfullifelongbenefits.Choresarenotjustaboutkeepingahouseclean.____16____Onethingthatoftensurprisesparentsishowchoresbuildempathy.Whenkidsunderstandwhatittakestomaintainahome,theybecomemoreawareofandgratefulforwhatothersdoforthem.Thatkindofperspectivecanbeagame-changerinemotionaldevelopment.____17____Duringtheschoolyear,kidsthriveonroutine.Butduringvacations,thatstructureoftendisappears.Addingafewregularresponsibilities,especiallyonesthechildhelpschoose,canprovidemuch-neededrhythmandstability.Assigningregularhouseholddutiescanalsoenhancechildren’scognitivedevelopment.____18____Theydevelopstrongerworkingmemory,betteremotionalregulationandmorementalflexibility.Thesearefoundationalskillsnotjustforsuccessinschool,butinlife.Sowhenshouldakidstart?Asearlyaspreschool.Youngerchildrenlovetofeelcapable.Simpletaskslikecleaninguptoysorwipingandsettingthetablefosterautonomy.____19____Theyincludemaintainingtheirroom,helpingcookmealsandmanagingpetcare.Harrisencouragesparentstoframethesenotaspunishments,butasopportunitiestogrow.____20____Butwhenthere’sroom,leanintothoseopportunities.Kidsdon’tneedtodoeverything,buttheyshoulddosomething.Givingchildrenandteensconsistent,age-appropriatechoresisoneofthesimplestandmosteffectivewaystohelpthemgrowintoresponsible,capableadults.A.Thebenefitsgoevendeeper.B.Choresalsoreinforcestructure.C.Whenlifegetsbusy,it’sokaytopullback.D.Theseareskillsthatservethemwell,farintoadulthood.E.Kidswhohavechoresaretypicallybetterself-managers.F.Forolderchildrenandteens,taskscanbecomemorecomplex.G.Childrenwhohaveage-appropriatechoresdevelopstrongerrelationships.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Notmany17-year-oldgirlsknowhowtosolder(焊)twosteelpipestogetherorfixabrokenwaterheater.Thesearethe____21____I’velearnedoverthepastthreeyearsasanassistanttomydadinhisone-manplumbing(管道)business.Mysummerjobdemandsanattitudeofperseverance,whichIfrequently____22____toadopt.Nevertheless,Ipersist.Eachmorning,Iwrestlemyselfintoapairofusedmen’sjeansthatmostofmypeerswouldbe____23____tobeseenwearinginpublic.AndthenIclimbintomyfather’splumbertruck.Generally,weworkindampbasementswhereIget____24____inmazesofstorageboxeslookingforthewatermeter.I____25____jumpovermessypilesofthings.Mymouthandnosearecoveredbyadustmask,andmyhandsare____26____.Tobehonest,plumbingischallengingforme,andIdislikeit.SometimesIquestionwhyI____27____thedustwhenIcouldfindanormaljobthatmoreclosely____28____theworkofmypeers.Yet,I____29____myselfforbeingsoeasilyannoyed.Afterall,theworldisbuiltbypeoplewillingtogettheirhands____30____.Thinkingaboutit,Ikeepcopingwithmessesallthetime.Lifeisaprocessof____31____themessesandlearningtocleanthemup,andplumbingworkisno____32____.Actually,apartfromtheawfulworkingenvironment,wemakeplentyofourownmesses,too.YetIknowclearlythatthoughmydadandIcreate____33____,wecreateorder,andIcanfinditineachnewly-solderedarrayofsteelpipes.Moreover,whenourworkis____34____byourcustomers,Iunderstandthat,inasmallway,webringordertotheirlives.Thephysicalandmental____35____ofplumbingareworthit.21.A.subjects B.ideas C.lessons D.skills22.A.desire B.decline C.struggle D.fail23.A.unable B.unwilling C.careful D.eager24.A.interested B.hidden C.deserted D.lost25.A.constantly B.occasionally C.casually D.typically26.A.softened B.brightened C.blackened D.tightened27.A.remove B.endure C.forget D.maintain28.A.includes B.matches C.resembles D.supports29.A.lookdownupon B.putupwith C.standupfor D.lookforwardto30.A.sweaty B.dirty C.busy D.strong31.A.accepting B.resisting C.tolerating D.ignoring32.A.sense B.problem C.objection D.exception33.A.tension B.chaos C.loss D.crisis34.A.evaluated B.investigated C.appreciated D.rejected35.A.consequences B.discomforts C.influences D.discoveries第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ourliveshavebecomesobusythatweoftenforgetthepleasureofslowingdown.Werushfromtasktotask,grabfood____36____thego,fillfreezerswithready-mademeals,orordertakeoutsimplyforconvenience.____37____manypeoplestilllongforhome-cookedmealsandsharedwarmthatthetable.Sincethebeginningofcivilization,cookinghashelpedpeopleconnectwithoneanother.Earlyhumans____38____(share)foodaroundfires,buildingtrustandcommunity.Overtime,familiespasseddown____39____(recipe)acrossgenerations,turningcookingintoawayofsharingculture,stories,andvalues.Whenwecooktoday,wecontinuethistraditionandslowdownenough____40____(feel)connected.Forme,cookingisa____41____(heal)process.Selectingfreshingredientshelpsmefeel____42____(ground),whileslicing,chopping,andstirringquietmybusymindandbringasenseofcontrolandprideincreatingsomethingnutritiouswithmyownhands.Inaworld____43____wearebombardedwithinformation,cookingallowsmetostepawayfrommyscreensanddailystress.Thisis____44____I’manadvocateoftheslowfoodmovement.Itencouragespeopletovaluefresh,localingredientsandthetimespentpreparingandsharingmeals.Whenwefollowthisidea,cookingbecomesa____45____(mind)actandawayofcaringforourselves,ourlovedonesandourlives.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你班正在制作以“MyWordoftheYear”为主题的班级展板。请你为自己的展示写一段英文说明，内容包括：1．你的年度关键词；2．说明该词对你的意义。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。MyWordoftheYear___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ALongWayBackGrowingupasanonlychild,DanielHarperoftenwishedhehadsomeonetosharehisquietafternoonswith.Hisparentsbothworkedlonghours,andthehousefeltespeciallysilentafterschool.Everythingchangedonhiseleventhbirthdaywhenhisauntarrivedwithasmallcardboardbox.Insideitwasalivelybrownpuppywithbrighteyesandaconstantlywaggingtail.DanielnamedthepuppyRusty.Fromthatdayon,RustybecameDaniel’sconstantcompanion.Everyafternoon,RustywaitedbythedoorforDanieltoreturnfromschool.ThemomentDanielsteppedinside,Rustywouldjumpupexcitedly,circlinghimandbarkinghappily.Theyspenthoursinthebackyardplayingfetchorsimplylyingonthegrasstogether.WheneverDanielfeltupsetaboutschoolorfriends,Rustyseemedtounderstand.Thedogwouldquietlysitbeside