考研英语二2022年真题解析版含答案详解完形阅读翻译写作精讲可打印

第第页2022年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题SectionI UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)HarlanCobenbelievesthatifyou’reawriter,you’llfindthetime;andthatifyoucan’tfindthetime,thenwritingisn’tapriorityandyou’renotawriter.Forhimwritingisa 1 job—ajoblikeanyother.Hehas 2 itwithplumbing,pointingoutthataplumberdoesn’twakeupandsaythathecan’tworkwithpipestoday. 3 ,likemostwritersthesedays,you’reholdingdownajobtopaythebills,it’snot 4 tofindthetimetowrite.Butit’snotimpossible.Itrequiresdeterminationandsingle-mindedness. 5 thatmostbestsellingauthorsbeganwritingwhentheyweredoingotherthingstoearnaliving.Andtoday,evenwriterswhoarefairly 6 oftenhavetodootherworkto 7 theirwritingincome.AsHarlanCobenhassuggested,it’sa 8 ofpriorities.Tomakewritingapriority,you’llhaveto 9 someofyourday-to-dayactivitiesandsomethingsyoureallyenjoy.Dependingonyour 10 andyourlifestyle,thatmightmeanspendinglesstimewatchingtelevisionorlisteningtomusic,thoughsomepeoplecanwrite 11 theylistentomusic.Youmighthaveto 12 theamountofexerciseorsportyoudo.You’llhavetomakesocialmediaan 13 activityratherthanadaily,time-consuming 14 .There’llprobablyhavetobelesssocialisingwithyourfriendsandlesstimewithyourfamily.Ifsa 15 learningcurveanditwon’talwaysmakeyoupopular.There’sjustonethingyoushouldtrytokeepatleastsometimefor, 16 yourwriting—andthat’sreading.Anywriterneedstoreadasmuchandaswidelyastheycan;it’stheone 17 supporter—somethingyoucan’tdowithout.Timeisfinite.Theolderyouget,the 18 itseemstogo.Weneedtouseitascarefullyandas 19 aswecan,thatmeansprioritisingouractivitiessothatwespendmosttimeonthethingswereallywanttodo.Ifyou'reawriter,thatmeans— 20 writing.

1.[A]difficult[B]normal[C]steady[D]pleasant2.[A]combined[B]compared[C]confused[D]confronted3.[A]If[B]Though[C]Once[D]Unless4.[A]enough[B]strange[C]wrong[D]easy5.[A]Accept[B]Explain[C]Remember[D]Suppose6.[A]well-known[B]well-advised[C]well-informed[D]well-chosen7.[A]donate[B]generate[C]supplement[D]calculate8.[A]cause[B]purpose[C]question[D]condition9.[A]highlight[B]sacrifice[C]continue[D]explore10.[A]relations[B]interests[C]memories[D]skills11.[A]until[B]because[C]while[D]before12.[A]putupwith[B]makeupfor[C]hangonto[D]cutdownon13.[A]intelligent[B]occasional[C]intensive[D]emotional14.[A]habit[B]test[C]decision[D]plan15.[A]tough[B]gentle[C]rapid[D]funny16.[A]inplaceof[B]inchargeof[C]inresponseto[D]inadditionto17.[A]indispensable[B]innovative[C]invisible[D]instant18.[A]duller[B]harder[C]quieter[D]quicker19.[A]peacefully[B]generously[C]productively[D]gratefully20.[A]atmost[B]inturn[C]onaverage[D]aboveallSectionII ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1Onarecentsunnyday,13,000chickensroamoverLarryBrown’s40windsweptacresinShiner,Texas.Somerestintheshadeofaparkedcar.Othersdrinkwaterwiththecows.Thisallseemsrandom,butit'sbydesign,partofwhatthe$6.1billionU.S.eggindustrybetswillbeitsnextbigthing:climate-friendlyeggs.Theseeggs,whicharemakingtheirdebutnowonshelvesforasmuchas$8adozen,arestilllabeledorganicandanimal-friendly,butthey’realsofrombirdsthatlivecantrapgreenhousegases.Sucheggscouldbemarketedashelpingtofightclimatechange.“I’mexcitedaboutourprogress,”saysBrown,whoharvestseggsforDenver-basedNestFreshEggsandisaddingmorecovercropsthatdrawwormsandcricketsforthechickenstoeat.Thebirds’wastethenfertilizesfields.Suchimprovements“allowourhenstoforageforhigher-qualitynaturalfeedthatwillbegoodfortheland,thehens,andtheeggsthatwesupplytoourcustomers.”Theeggindustry’spushisthefirstmajortestofwhetheranimalproductsfromregenerativefarmscanbecomethenextpremiumoffering.Inbarelymorethanadecade,organiceggswentfrombeingdismissedasanicheproductinnaturalfoodsstorestobeingsoldatWalmart.Morerecentlythereweresimilardoubtsaboutprobioticsandplant-basedmeats,butbothhaveexplodedintomajorsupermarketcategories.Ifthesustainable-eggrolloutissuccessful,itcouldopenthefloodgatesforregenerativebeef,broccoli,andbeyond.Regenerativeproductscouldbeahardsell,becausetheconceptistoughtodefinePennsylvaniaStateUniversityBrandywine.Suchfarmingalsobringsminimal,ifany,improvementtothefoodproducts(thoughsomeproducerssaytheireggshavemoreprotein).Theindustryisbettingthatthesameconsumerspayingmoreforpremiumattributessuchasfree-range,non-GMO,andpasture-raisedeggswillembracesustainability.Surveysshowthatyoungergenerationsaremoreconcernedaboutclimatechange,andsomeofthesuccessofplant-basedmeatcanbechalkeduptoshopperswantingtosignaltheirdesiretoprotecttheenvironment.Youngadults“ reallycareabouttheplanet,”saysJohnBrunnquell,presidentofEggInnovations. “ TheyareabsolutelyalteringthefoodchainbeyondwhatIthinkeventheyunderstandwhatthey’redoing.”21.Theclimate-friendlyeggsareproduced[A]ataconsiderablylowcost.[B]atthedemandofregularshoppers.[C]asareplacementfororganiceggs.[D]onspeciallydesignedfarms.22.LarryBrownisexcitedabouthisprogressin[A]reducingthedamageofworms.[B]acceleratingthedisposalofwaste.[C]creatingasustainablesystem.[D]attractingcustomerstohisproducts.23.TheexampleoforganiceggsisusedinParagraph4tosuggest[A]thedoubtsovernaturalfeeds.[B]thesetbacksintheeggindustry.[C]thepotentialofregenerativeproducts.[D]thepromotionalsuccessofsupermarkets.24.Itcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthatyoungpeople[A]arereluctanttochangetheirdiet.[B]arelikelytobuyclimate-friendlyeggs.[C]arecuriousaboutnewfood.[D]areamazedatagricultureadvances.25.JohnBrunnquell would disagree with Julie Stanton over regenerativeproducts’[A]marketprospects.[B]standarddefinition.[C]nutritionalvalue.[D]moralimplication.

Text2MoreAmericansareoptingtoworkwellintoretirement,agrowingtrendthatthreatenstoupendtheoldworkforcemodel.Financialneedsaren’ttheonlyculpritforthe“unretirement”trend.Otherreasons,accordingtothestudy,includepersonalfulfillmentsuchasstayingmentallyfit,preventingboredomoravoidingdepression.About72%of“unretiree”respondentssaidthattheywouldreturntoworkonceretiredtokeepmentallyfitwhile59%saiditwouldbetiedtomakingendsmeet.“Theconceptofretirementisevolving,”saidChristineRussell,seniormanagerofretirementatTDAmeritrade.“It’snotjustaboutfinances.Thevalueofworkisalsodrivingfolkstocontinueworkingpastretirement.”Onereasonforthechangeinretirementpatterns:Americansarelivinglonger.Theshareofthepopulation65andolderwas16%in2018,up32%fromtheprioryear,accordingtotheUS.CensusBureau.That’salsoup302%since2010.OlderAmericansarealsothefastest-growingsegmentoftheUS.workforce,andboomersareexpectedtolivelongerthanpreviousgenerations.Thepercentageofretirement-agepeopleinthelaborforcehasdoubledoverthepastthreedecades.About20%ofpeople65andolderwereintheworkforceinFebruary,upfromanall-timelowof10%inJanuary1985,accordingtomoneymanagerUnitedIncome.Becauseoflongerlifespans,Americansarealsoboostingtheirsavingstopreservetheirnesteggs,theTDAmeritradestudyshowed,whichsurveyed2000adultsbetween40to79.Sixin10“unretirees”areincreasingtheirsavingsinanticipationofalongerlife,accordingtothesurvey.Amongthemostpopularwaystheyaredoingthis,thecompanysaid,isbyreducingtheiroverallexpenses,securinglifeinsuranceormaximizingtheircontributionstoretirementaccounts.aco-founderatBaltimore-basedfinancial-planningfirmFacetWealth.Hesuggestedthatpreretireesshouldspeakwithafinancialadvisertosetlong-termfinancialgoals.“Themostchallengingmomentsinlifearegettingmarried,startingafamilyandultimatelyretiring,”Weisssaid.“It’snotjustafinancialdecision,butanemotionalone.Manypeoplebelievetheycan’tretire”26.ThesurveyconductedbyHarrisPollindicatesthat[A]overhalfoftheretireesarephysicallyfitforwork.[B]theoldworkforceisasactiveastheyoungerone.[C]oneinthreeAmericansenjoyearlierretirement.[D]moreAmericansarewillingtoworkinretirement.27.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3thatAmericanstendtothinkthat [A]retirementmaycauseproblemsforthem.[B]boredomcanberelievedafterretirement.[C]thementalhealthofretireesisoverlooked.[D]“unretirement”contributestotheeconomy.28.Retirementpatternsarechangingpartlydueto[A]laborshortage.[B]populationgrowth.[C]longerlifeexpectancy.[D]risinglivingcosts.29.Many “ unretirees ”areincreasingtheirsavingsby[A]investingmoreinstocks.[B]takingupoddjobs.[C]gettingwell-paidwork.[D]spendingless.30.Withregardtoretirement,BrentWeissthinksthatmanypeopleare[A]unprepared.[B]unafraid.[C]disappointed.[D]enthusiastic.

Text3Wehaveallencounteredthem,inbothourpersonalandprofessionallives.Thinkaboutthetimesyoufelttrickedorfrustratedbyamembershiporsubscriptionthathadaseamlesssign-upprocessbutwaslaterdifficulttocancel.Somethingthatshouldbesimpleandtransparentcanbecomplicated,intentionallyorunintentionally,inwaysthatimpairconsumerchoice.Theseareexamplesofdarkpatterns.Firstcoinedin2010byuserexperienceexpertHarryBrignull,“darkpatterns”isacatch-alltermforpracticesthatmanipulateuserinterfacestoinfluencethedecision-makingabilityofusers.Brignullidentifies12typesofcommondarkpatterns,rangingfrommisdirectionandhiddencoststo“roachmotel,”whereauserexperienceseemseasyandintuitiveatthestart,butturnsdifficultwhentheusertriestogetout.Ina2019studyof53,000productpagesand11,000websites,researchersfoundthataboutonein10employsthesedesignpractices.Thoughwidelyprevalent,theconceptofdarkpatternsisstillnotwellunderstood.Businessandnonprofitleadersshouldbeawareofdarkpatternsandtrytoavoidthegrayareastheyengender.Whereisthelinebetweenethical,persuasivedesignanddarkpatterns?BusinessesshouldengageinconversationswithIT,compliance,risk,andlegalteamstoreviewtheirprivacypolicy,andincludeinthediscussionthecustomer/userexperiencedesignersandcodersresponsibleforthecompany’suserinterface,aswellasthemarketersandadvertisersresponsibleforsign-ups,checkoutbaskets,pricing,andpromotions.Anyoralltheseteamscanplayaroleincreatingoravoiding“digitaldeception.”Lawmakersandregulatorsareslowlystartingtoaddresstheambiguityarounddarkpatterns,mostrecentlyatthestatelevel.InMarch,theCaliforniaAttorneyGeneralActexerciseprohibitingcompaniesfromusinguconfusinglanguageorunnecessarystepssuchasforcingthemtoclickthroughmultiplescreensorlistentoreasonswhytheyshouldn’toptout.”Asmorestatesconsiderpromulgatingadditionalregulations,thereisaneedforgreateraccountabilityfromwithinthebusinesscommunity.Darkpatternsalsocanbeaddressedonaself-regulatorybasis,butonlyiforganizationsholdthemselvesaccountable,notjusttolegalrequirementsbutalsotoindustrybestpracticesandstandards.31.Itcanbelearnedfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthatdarkpatterns [A]improveuserexperiences[B]leakuserinformationforprofit[C]undermineusers’decision-making[D]remindusersofhiddencosts32.The2019studyondarkpatternsismentionedtoshow[A]theirmajorflaws[B]theircomplexdesigns[C]theirseveredamage[D]theirstrongpresence33.Tohandledigitaldeception,businessesshould[A]listentocustomerfeedback[B]talkwithrelevantteams[C]turntoindependentagencies[D]relyonprofessionaltraining34.TheadditionalregulationsundertheCCPAareintendedto[A]guideusersthroughopt-outprocesses[B]protectconsumersfrombeingtricked[C]grantcompaniesdataprivacyrights[D]restrictaccesstoproblematiccontent35.Accordingtothelastparagraph,akeytocopingwithdarkpatternsis [A]newlegalrequirements[B]businesses’self-discipline[C]strictregulatorystandards[D]consumers’safetyawareness

Text4Althoughethicsclassesarecommonaroundtheworld,scientistsareunsureiftheirlessonscanactuallychangebehavior;evidenceeitherwayisweak,relyingoncontrivedlaboratorytestsorsometimesunreliableself-reports.ButanewstudypublishedinCognitionfoundthat,inatleastonereal-worldsituation,asingleethicslessonmayhavehadlastingeffects.Theresearchersinvestigatedoneclasssession’simpactoneatingmeat.Theychosethisparticularbehaviorforthreereasons,accordingtostudyco-authorEricSchwitzgebel,aphilosopherattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside:students’attitudesonthetopicarevariableandunstable,behavioriseasilymeasurable,andethicsliteraturelargelyagreesthateatinglessmeatisgoodbecauseitreducesenvironmentalharmandanimalsuffering.Halfofthestudentsinfourlargephilosophyclassesreadanarticleontheethicsoffactory-farmedmeat,optionallywatchedan11-minutevideoonthetopicandjoineda50-minutediscussion.Theotherhalffocusedoncharitablegivinginstead.Then,unknowntothestudents,theresearchersstudiedtheiranonymizedmeal-cardpurchasesforthatsemester—nearly14,000receiptsforalmost500students.Schwitzgebelpredictedtheinterventionwouldhavenoeffect;hehadpreviouslyfoundthatethicsprofessorsdonotdifferfromotherprofessorsonarangeofbehaviors,includingvotingrates,blooddonationandreturninglibrarybooks.Butamongstudentsubjectswhodiscussedmeatethics,mealpurchasescontainingmeatdecreasedfrom52to45percent—andthiseffectheldsteadyforthestudy’sdurationofseveralweeks.Purchasesfromtheothergroupremainedat52percent.“That’sactuallyaprettylargeeffectforaprettysmallintervention,”Schwitzgebelsays.PsychologistNinaStrohmingerattheUniversityofPennsylvania,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysshewantstheeffecttoberealbutcannotruleoutsomeunknownconfoundingvariable.Andifreal,shenotes,itmightbereversiblebyanothernudge:“Easycome,easygo.”Schwitzgebelsuspectsthegreatestimpactcamefromsocialinfluence-classmatesorteachingassistantsleadingthediscussionsmayhavesharedtheirownvegetarianism,showingitasachievableormorecommon.Second,thevideomayhavehadanemotionalimpact.Leastrousing,hethinks,wasrationalargument,althoughhisco-authorssayreasonmightplayabiggerrole.Nowtheresearchersareprobingthespecificeffectsofteachingstyle,teachingassistants’eatinghabitsandstudents’videoexposure.Meanwhile,Schwitzgebel—whohadpredictednoeffect—willbeeatinghiswords.36.Scientistsgenerallybelievethattheeffectsofethicsclassesare[A]hardtodetermine.[B]narrowlyinterpreted.[C]difficulttoignore.[D]poorlysummarized.37.Whichofthefollowingisareasonfortheresearcherstostudymeateating?[A]Itiscommonamongstudents.[B]Itisabehavioreasytomeasure.[C]Itisimportanttostudents’health.[D]Itisahottopicinethicsclasses.38.EricSchwitzgebel’spreviousfindingssuggestthatethicsprofessors[A]areseldomcriticaloftheirstudents.[B]arelesssociablethanotherprofessors.[C]arenotsensitivetopoliticalissues.[D]arenotnecessarilyethicallybetter.39.NinaStrohmingerthinksthattheeffectoftheinterventionis[A]permanent.[B]predictable.[C]uncertain.[D]unrepeatable.40.EricSchwitzgebelsuspectsthatthestudents’changeinbehavior[A]canbringpsychologicalbenefits.[B]canbeanalyzedstatistically.[C]isaresultofmultiplefactors.[D]isasignofself-development.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]MakeItaHabit.[B]Don’tGoItAlone.[C]StartLow,GoSlow.[D]TalkWithYourDoctor.［E］ListentoYourBody.［F］GoThroughtheMotions.［G］RoundOutYourRoutine.HowtoGetActiveAgainGettingbackintoexercisecanbeachallengeinthebestoftimes,butwithgymsandin-personexerciseclassesoff-limitstomanypeoplethesedays,itcanbetrickytoknowwheretostart.Andit’simportanttogettherightdoseofactivity.“Toomuchtoosooneitherresultsininjuryorburnout,”saysMaryYoke,PhD,afacultymemberinthekinesiologydepartmentatIndianaUniversityinBloomington.Thefollowingsimplestrategieswillhelpyoureturntoexercisesafelyafterabreak.41.Don’ttrytogobacktowhatyouweredoingbeforeyourbreak.Ifyouwerewalking3milesaday,playing18holesofgolfthreetimesaweek,orlifting10-pounddumbbellsforthreesetsof10reps,reduceactivitytohalfamileeveryotherday,ornineholesofgolfonceaweekwithshortwalksonotherdays,oruse5-pounddumbbellsforonesetof10reps.Increasetime,distance,andintensitygradually.“Thisisn’tsomethingyoucandoovernight,”saysKeriL.Denay,MD,leadauthorofarecentAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicineadvisorythatencouragesAmericanstonotoverlookthebenefitsofactivityduringthepandemic.Butyouwillreapbenefitssuchaslessanxietyandimprovesleeprightaway.42.Ifyou’rebreathingtoohardtotalkincompletesentences,backoff.Ifyoufeelgood,goalittlelongerorfaster.Feelingwipedoutafterasession?Goeasiernexttime.Andstayalerttoserioussymptoms,suchaschestpainorpressure,severeshortnessofbreathordizziness,orfaintness,andseekmedicalattentionimmediately.43.Consistencyisthekeytogettingstrongerandbuildingenduranceandstamina.Tenminutesofactivityperdayisagoodstart,saysMarcusJackovitz,DPT,aphysicaltherapistattheUniversityofMiamiHospital.Alltheexpertswespokewithhighlyrecommendwalkingbecauseifstheeasiest,mostaccessibleformofexercise.Althoughitcanbeaworkoutonitsown,ifyourgoalistogetbacktoZumbaclasses,tennis,cycling,oranyotheractivity,walkingisalsoagreatfirststep.44.Evenifyoucan’tyetdoafavoriteactivity,youcanpracticethemoves.Withorwithoutacluborracket,swinglikeyou’rehittingtheball.Paddlelikeyou’reinakayakorcanoe.Mimicyourfavoriteswimmingstrokes.Theactionwillremindyouofthejoytheactivitybroughtyouandprimeyourmusclesforwhenyoucangetoutthereagain.45.Exercisingwithothers“cankeepyouaccountableandmakeitmorefun,soyou’remorelikelytodoitagain,”Jackovitzsays.Youcandoactivitiessuchasgolfandtennisortakeawalkwithothersandstillbesociallydistant.Butwhenyoucan’tconnectinperson,considerusingtechnology.Chatonthephonewithafriendwhileyouwalkaroundyourneighborhood.FaceTimewitharelativeasyoustrengthtrainorstretchathome.Youcanalsojoinalivestreamoron-demandexerciseclass.

SectionIII Translation46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Althoughwetryourbest,sometimesourpaintingsrarelyturnoutasoriginallyplanned.Changesinthelight,thelimitationsofyourpaintingmaterials,andthelackofexperienceandtechniquemeanthatwhatyoustartouttryingtoachievemaynotcometolifethewaythatyouexpected.Althoughthiscanbefrustratinganddisappointing,itturnsoutthatthiscanactuallybegoodforyou.Unexpectedresultshavetwobenefits:youprettyquicklylearntodealwithdisappointment,andrealisethatwhenonedoorcloses,anotheropens.Youalsoquicklylearntoadaptandcomeupwithcreativesolutionstotheproblemsthepaintingpresents,andthinkingoutsidetheboxwillbecomeyoursecondnature.Infact,creativeproblem-solvingskillsareincrediblyusefulindailylife,withwhichyou’remorelikelytobeabletofindasolutionwhenaproblemarises.SectionIII WritingPartA47.Directions:Supposeyouareplanningacampusfoodfestival.Writeane-mailtotheinternationalstudentsinyouruniversityto1)introducethefoodfestival,and2)invitethemtoparticipate.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyourownname.Use“LiMing”instead.(10points)PartB48.Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)2022年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题参考答案与解析1.答案【B】【解析】破折号后ajoblikeanyother（一份和别的行当一样的活儿）说明写作在Coben眼中并不神奇，故填normal（平常的）；difficult困难、steady稳定的、pleasant愉快都不能表达“普通职业”的定位。2.答案【B】【解析】Hehas___itwithplumbing指把写作与水管工作相“比较”，compared与with搭配；combined结合（combineAwithB亦可，但后文pointingout表明是类比）、confused混淆、confronted面对均不合。3.答案【A】【解析】___,likemostwritersthesedays,you'reholdingdownajobtopaythebills引出一种常见的现实条件，表假设，If正确；Though虽然、Once一旦、Unless除非都会破坏“假设—让步”的逻辑链。4.答案【D】【解析】it'snot___tofindthetimetowrite.Butit'snotimpossible后句用But反转，说明前句讲“不容易”，easy正确；enough、strange、wrong都不能与it'snot...tofindthetime构成“难”之意。5.答案【C】【解析】___thatmostbestsellingauthorsbeganwritingwhentheyweredoingotherthings用于唤起读者注意一个事实，Remember（记得）最贴切；Accept接受、Explain解释、Suppose假设均不合。6.答案【A】【解析】evenwriterswhoarefairly___oftenhavetodootherwork指“相当有名”的作家也需兼职，well-known正确；well-advised明智的、well-informed见多识广的、well-chosen精选的都不指“名气”。7.答案【C】【解析】havetodootherworkto___theirwritingincome指写作收入不足，需“补充”，supplement（补贴、增补）正确；donate捐赠、generate产生、calculate计算都不合。8.答案【C】【解析】it'sa___ofpriorities与后文Tomakewritingapriority呼应，aquestionof（……的问题）为固定搭配，question正确；cause原因、purpose目的、condition条件都不与ofpriorities搭配。9.答案【B】【解析】Tomakewritingapriority,you'llhaveto___someofyourday-to-dayactivities指为写作“牺牲”日常活动，sacrifice最贴切；highlight突出、continue继续、explore探索都与“取舍”相反。10.答案【B】【解析】Dependingonyour___andyourlifestyle与前文“牺牲自己喜欢的活动”呼应，指个人“兴趣”，interests正确；relations关系、memories记忆、skills技能都不与lifestyle并列表示个人偏好。11.答案【C】【解析】thoughsomepeoplecanwrite___theylistentomusic表示“一边听音乐一边写作”的同时关系，while正确；until直到、because因为、before在……前都不表同时。12.答案【D】【解析】Youmighthaveto___theamountofexerciseorsportyoudo指“减少”运动量，cutdownon正确；putupwith忍受、makeupfor弥补、hangonto保留都与“为写作腾时间”相反。13.答案【B】【解析】makesocialmediaan___activityratherthanadaily,time-consuming___与daily（每天）对照，应为“偶尔的”，occasional正确；intelligent聪明的、intensive密集的、emotional情绪的均不合。14.答案【A】【解析】ratherthanadaily,time-consuming___指社交媒体成为“日常耗费时间的习惯”，habit最贴切；test考试、decision决定、plan计划都不表“反复出现的日常行为”。15.答案【A】【解析】It'sa___learningcurveanditwon'talwaysmakeyoupopular指改变习惯的过程“艰难”，tough正确；gentle温和、rapid迅速、funny有趣都与“不受欢迎”的代价不匹配。16.答案【D】【解析】keepatleastsometimefor,___yourwriting—andthat'sreading指“除写作之外”还要留时间读书，inadditionto（除……之外还）正确；inplaceof代替、inchargeof负责、inresponseto回应都不合。17.答案【A】【解析】it'stheone___supporter—somethingyoucan'tdowithout破折号已给出“不可或缺”，indispensable正确；innovative创新的、invisible无形的、instant即刻的都不能与“离不开”呼应。18.答案【D】【解析】Theolderyouget,the___itseemstogo描述时间过得“更快”，quicker正确；duller更沉闷、harder更艰难、quieter更安静都与“光阴飞逝”的惯常感受不符。19.答案【C】【解析】useitascarefullyandas___aswecan与carefully并列，强调“有成效地”使用时间，productively正确；peacefully平静地、generously慷慨地、gratefully感激地都不与usetime搭配。20.答案【D】【解析】thatmeans—___writing总结全篇，强调最要紧的是写作本身，aboveall（最重要的是）正确；atmost至多、inturn转而、onaverage平均都不合适。21.答案【D】【解析】foodfrombirdsthatliveonfarmsusingregenerativeagriculture—specialtechniquestocultivaterichsoils，说明鸡蛋产自按特定方式经营的农场，onspeciallydesignedfarms正确；A成本低（售价高达8美元一打，恰好相反）、B应普通消费者要求、C替代有机蛋均无据。22.答案【C】【解析】Brown说自家农场用覆盖作物招来虫子供鸡啄食、鸡粪肥田、母鸡可觅得更优质饲料，构成一个循环系统，故他兴奋于creatingasustainablesystem正确；A减少虫害、B加快垃圾处理、D吸引顾客均属曲解。23.答案【C】【解析】第四段以有机蛋“从被轻视到进驻沃尔玛”为例，说明若可持续蛋推广成功，可为再生农业产品打开大门，即展示其潜力，thepotentialofregenerativeproducts正确；A、B、D均非举例目的。24.答案【B】【解析】末段称youngergenerationsaremoreconcernedaboutclimatechange...Theyreallycareabouttheplanet，即年轻人更可能购买气候友好型鸡蛋，arelikelytobuyclimate-friendlyeggs正确；A不愿改变饮食、C好奇新食物、D惊叹农业进步均不符。25.答案【A】【解析】Stanton认为Regenerativeproductscouldbeahardsell（难卖），Brunnquell则称行业押注年轻消费者会接受、他们正改变食物链，二人分歧在于市场前景，marketprospects正确；B定义、C营养价值、D道德含义均非分歧点。26.答案【D】【解析】第二段OneinthreeAmericanswhoareatleast40haveorplantohaveajobinretirement，说明越来越多美国人愿意退休后继续工作，moreAmericansarewillingtoworkinretirement正确；A身体适合、B老年劳动力同样活跃、C更喜欢早退休均属曲解。27.答案【A】【解析】第三段把“保持头脑敏锐、防止无聊或避免抑郁”列为继续工作的原因，说明人们担心退休带来问题，retirementmaycauseproblemsforthem正确；B退休后可消解无聊（原文是工作可防无聊）、C心理健康被忽视、D促进经济均不符。28.答案【C】【解析】第四段Onereasonforthechangeinretirementpatterns:Americansarelivinglonger，直接给出原因，longerlifeexpectancy正确；A劳动力短缺、B人口增长、D生活成本上升均非原文所述主因。29.答案【D】【解析】第五段Amongthemostpopularways...isbyreducingtheiroverallexpenses，spendingless正确；A多买股票、B打零工、C获得高薪工作均与“削减开支、买保险、提高养老金缴款”不符。30.答案【A】【解析】末段Weiss说Manypeoplebelievetheycan'tretire，并建议提前与理财顾问制定长期目标，说明许多人并未做好准备，unprepared正确；B不怕、C失望、D热情均不合。31.答案【C】【解析】第二段darkpatterns指practicesthatmanipulateuserinterfacestoinfluencethedecision-makingabilityofusers，即损害用户决策能力，undermineusers'decision-making正确；A改善体验、B泄露信息牟利、D提醒隐藏费用均与定义相反。32.答案