新概念英语 第一册 第133-135课 语法：直引变间引.ppt

1、直接引语变间接引语,DirectspeechandIndirectspeech,）人称的变化,一随主,二随宾,三不变,引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致,引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致,引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称不变,Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”,Shesaidthatshelikedtennis,HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly”,HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly,Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim”,ShetoldmethatThattheywante

2、dhelphim,一随主，二随宾，三不变,直接引语：直接引述别人的原话.直接引语的前后必须加引号。,间接引语：转述别人的话。间接引语前后不加引号。,间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句,直接引语与间接引语的定义,2)时态的变化,Hesays,Iwilldoittomorrow”Hesaysthathewilldoittomorrow.,如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化,如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态要做出相应的改变,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般过去时,过去完成时,过去完成时,不

3、变,一般将来时,过去将来时,直接引语转为间接引语时，下列情况下时态不变,注意：,.直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理时，变间接引语时时态不变.当引语中的时间状语表示过去某一具体时间时，谓语动词时态不需改变,直接引语变间接引语可分为三大类：,1）直接引语为陈述句,2）直接引语为疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）,3）直接引语为祈使句,e.g.Heoftensays,“Chinaisgreat.”Heoftensays(that)Chinaisgreat.Tomsays,“Iamastudent.”Tomsays(that)heisastudent.,Hesays,“Ileavemybookinyou

4、rroom”,Hesaid(that)helefthisbookinyourroom.,陈述句:连词(that)引导，that常省略,一般疑问句,Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,arentyou?”HeaskedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.,用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词say要改为ask，语序要

5、变为陈述语序,“Doyouknowmyname?”,Sheaskedme,Iknewhername.,Whether/if,是否,“DoyoulikeEnglish?”,Sheaskedme,IlikedEnglish.,Whether/if,“Areyouathomeyesterday?”,Sheaskedme,Iwasathomethedaybefore.,Whether/if,“Areyouready?”,Sheaskedme,Iwasready.,Whether/if,“Canyouhelpme?”,Sheaskedme,Icouldhelpher.,Whether/if,直接变间语中

6、，要注意情太动词的变化cancouldcantcouldntwillwouldmaymightwontwouldntgoingtowould,Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.Iasked,“Willyoutakebusortaketrain?”IaskedwhetherIwouldtakebusortaketrain.“Isheallright?”Theycriedout.Theycriedoutwhetherhewasallright.,注意：大多数情况下，if,whether

7、可以互换，但句中出现or(not),或放在介词后作连接词，只用whether。,特殊疑问句,Hesaidtome，“Whatsyourname?”Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.Heaskedus,“Howmanycinemashavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?”Heaskedushowmanycinemashadbeenbuiltinourcountry.,保留特殊疑问词做为连接词语序改为陈述句语序,“Whatareyoudoing?”,Sheaskedme,Iwasdoing.,what,“WhydoyoulikeEnglish?”,Heaskedme,I

8、likedEnglish,why,“Wheredoeshelive?”,Sheaskedme,helived.,where,“Howdoesshegotoschool?”,Sheaskedme,Shewenttoschool.,how,直接引语是祈使句，则改为tell/order/asksb.(not)todosth.其他变化同上。,祈使句,Hesaid,“Pleasecomeheretomorrow.”Theteachersaid,“Donttalkanymore.”,Heaskedmetogotherethenextday.,Theteachertoldusnottotalkanymore

9、.,直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：,直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go:,直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there：,直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：this变为that;these变为those本来就是that/those则不变。,Practice:1)Hesaid,“Mybrotherfailedintheexam.”Hesaid_brotherhadfailedintheexam.2)HesaidtoMary,“Howisyourmothernow?”heaskedMaryhow_motherwasthen.3)Myteachersaid,sheisagoodstudent.M

10、yteachersaid_wasagoodstudent4)Hesaidtome,“Iveleftherbookinyourroom”Hetoldmethat_hadleft_bookin_room.,his,her,she,he,her,my,Hesays,“IsTomastudentorateacher？”HeaskswhetherTomisastudentorateacher.Heaskedme,Doyoulikeplayingfootball?“Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingfootball.Mysisteraskedme:“Whatisyourfri

11、end?”Mysisteraskedmewhatmyfriendwas.Jackaskedme,Howdoyoulikethefilm?JackaskedmehowIlikedthefilm.Thesoliderordered,“Bequiet.”Thesoliderorderedustobequiet.Hesaidtoher,“Openthedoor,please.”Heaskedhertoopenthedoor.Shesays,“IwillgotoBeijingnextmonth.”Shesays(that)shewillgotoBeijingthenextmonth.Heoftensay

12、s“Ishalltellyouaboutthem.”Heoftensaysthathewilltellmeaboutthem.,1.“Iamilltoday.”saidmymother.,Mymothersaidthatsheillthatday.,2.“WeworkhardatEnglish.”hesaid.,was,HesaidthattheyhardatEnglish.,worked,1.Theysaidtome,“Weareworkinghardatacompany.”,Theytoldmethattheyatacompany.,wereworking,2.“Iamwritingale

13、tternow.”shesaid.,Shesaidthatshealetterthen.,waswriting,Practice:.Johnsaid,“Ilikereadingadventurestories.”Johnsaidthathe_readingadventurestories.Shesaidtome,“IbrokeyourCDplayer.”Shetoldmethatshe_myCDplayer.Hesaid,“Illcomeherethismorning.”Hesaidhe_gotherethatmorning.Hesays,“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”H

14、esaysthathe_hishomework.Hesaid,“theyareplayinggamesoverthere?”Hesaidthatthey_playinggamesoverthere.,liked,hadbroken,would,hadfinished,were,1.Ourteachersaid,“Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.”,Ourteachersaidthatlight_muchfasterthansound.,travels,2.“Igraduatedin1966.”Mybrothersaid.,Mybrothersaidthathei

15、n1966.,graduated,1.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Theearthisround.”2.Myfathersaidtome,“Iwasbornin1961.”,Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheearthisround.,Myfathertoldmethathewasbornin1961.,1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat_worried_.A.helookstodayB.youlooktodayC.welookedthatdayD.Ilookedth

16、atday,ExerciseII,2.Wesaidtoher,“Theyrewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat_throughthestreet_.A.wewerewalkingthenB.youarewalkingnowC.theywerewalkingthenD.theywalkingnow,3.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”MrBlacksaidthat_alongway_.IhadwalkedthatweekhehadwalkedthatweekIwalkedlastweekhehas

17、walkedthisweek,4.Themanthought,“Ishalltakeitbacktomorrow.”Themanthoughtthat_takeitback_.A.IshalltomorrowB.IshallthenextdayC.heshouldtomorrowD.hewouldthenextday,5.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?”Theyaskedus_afraidtoleave_house.A.thatwerewethisB.thatwewerethatC.ifwerewethisD.ifwewerethat,6

18、.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?”Janeasked_about_.A.thatheheardaweekagoB.whathehadheardtheweekbeforeC.whathehadherdaweekagoD.ifheheardtheweekago,7.Sheasked,“Whosehousewillhebreakintonexttime?”Sheaskedwhosehouse_breakinto_.A.willhenexttimeB.wouldhethenexttimeC.hewouldthenexttimeD.hewillnexttime,8.Jacksaidtoher,“Wheredoyouspendyourholidays?”Jackaskedherwhere_holidays.shespentherB.youspendyourC.shespendherD.